DATABASE MANAGEMENT
DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS (DBMS)
SYSTEMS (DBMS)
by
Performance
Control System
Data
Process
Process
Info
Data Store
Data Store
BR
AI
NW
AR
E
DAT
AW
AR
E
H
A
R
D
W
A
R
E
S
O
F
T
W
A
R
E
N E T W A R E
Database sebagai Komponen Vital Sistem
Database sebagai Komponen Vital Sistem
Informasi
Data
Processing
Sales Analysis
Data
Information
Data Sales person
Sales Values
Sales Units
Data vs Information
Data vs Information
Data
Data
:
:
raw facts or observations
raw facts or observations
Information
Information
:
:
data that have
data that have
been transformed into a
been transformed into a
meaningful and useful context
meaningful and useful context
for specific end users
Basis Data (Database)
Koleksi
terpadu
dari data-data yang
saling
berkaitan
yang dirancang untuk suatu
Analisis Kebutuhan Data
(Data Requirement Analyisis)
•
Think and conceptualize
business objects
and
logic
•
Identify
information
needed -> then what
data
are needed
Management
Functions
Management
Objectives
Supporting
Information
Supporting
Data
Sources of
Data
Backward Requirement Analysis
Backward Requirement Analysis
Forward Support Analysis
Forward Support Analysis
• Monitoring
• Directing
• Planning
• Acting
• Monitoring Student Progress …
• Directing Student Research …
• Planning for Remedial Efforts .
• Acting on Remedial Plan …
• KRS
• Transkrip
• Supervisi
• Research List
• Academic Progress
• Treated Students
• Student Potentials
• Academic Problem
• BAAK
• Faculty
• Dept.
• Study Program
Kasus Contoh:
Data
Data
Info
Info
Monitoring
Monitoring
Directing
Directing
Acting
Acting
KRS, Transkrip IPK Kumulatif Status Akademik
Mhs Warning 1, 2, 3, rekomendasi D.O or Extended Minat riset &
PTA mhs, Data PTA
Profile minat riset & PTA mhs, Beban PTA
Analisis minat riset
& PTA mhs Alokasi PTA utk mhs Alokasi final PTA utk mhs
Catatan riset mhs, Trankrip, KRS.
Kemajuan riset
mhs Status Akademik Mhs Rekomendasi perlakuan Eksekusi perlakuan
Catatan riset mhs, Trankrip, KRS
Profile
kelulusan mhs: lama studi & prestasi akad.
Analisis kelulusan: rerata lama studi, ranking akademik Rekomendasi program akselerasi studi Eksekusi akselerasi studi
Data=
Data
1..n
Info=
Info
1..n
Management Functions =
Monitoring
Directing
Acting
Mencapai
Target Academic Excellence?
Contoh Kasus: Analisis Kebutuhan Data Mhs
Utilisasi Vs Ketersedian Informasi
• Ada dan Diperlukan
• Tak ada dan Diperlukan
• Ada dan Tak Diperlukan
• Tak Ada dan Tak Diperlukan
Ada
Tak Ada
Perlu
Data Acquisition &
Data Acquisition &
Information Production
Database Management Systems (DBMS)
K
oleksi
terpadu
dari sekumpulan program (utilitas) yang
digunakan untuk
mengakses dan merawat database
Database
DBMS
DBMS
Utilitas
Users
Application Programs on Top of DBMS
Database
DBMS
DBMS
Application programs
Users
Keuntungan DBMS
•
Data menjadi shareable resources bagi berbagai
user dan aplikasi
•
Metoda akses, penggunaan, dan perawatan
data menjadi seragam dan konsisten
•
Pengulangan (redundancy) data dan
kemajemukan struktur data diminimisasikan
•
Ketaktergantungan data terhadap program
aplikasi (
data independence
)
•
Hubungan/relasi logik (logical relationship)
Conventional Data Management
Application
Application
•
Data belongs to a certain application programs ; therefore it is
difficult to share data among application programs
•
Data lifetime
is limited (dependent ) to
application program lifetime.
•
Data redundancy and inconsistency will likely occur
Examples of software tools in DBMS
•
Designing
:
ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram),
DDL (Data
Definition Language
)
•
Inputing & Manipulating:
DML (Data Modification
Language),
QL (Query Language),
Multimedia processor
•
Searching & Retrieving
:
QL (Query Language): SQL * QBE
•
Converting & Squeezing:
Encoder & Decoder, Data
Converter & Squeezer,
Multimedia processor
•
Optimizing
:
Data Organizer & Analyzer
•
Calculating
:
Math & statistical functions
Multiple Systems
Shareable
Resources
Data Management Life Cycle
Real World
•
Observing
Observing
•
Identifying
Identifying
•
Conceptualizing
Conceptualizing
•
Representing
Representing
•
Structuring
Structuring
•
Coding
Coding
•
Optimizing
Optimizing
•
Analyzing
Analyzing
•
Updating
Updating
•
Protecting
Protecting
•
Monitoring
Monitoring
Copyright © 1997 by Rational Software Corporation
Business Process
Order
Item
Ship via
“
Modeling captures essential
parts of the system.”
Dr. James Rumbaugh
Visual Modeling is modeling
using standard graphical
notations: chart, diagrams,
objects, symbols
Data Model
Usage
: a fundamental set of tools & methods to
consistently & uniformly view, organize, and treat
database .
Definition: Integrated collection of concepts,
theories, axioms, constraints for description,
Types Data Models
Entity-relationship
Entity-relationship
Semantic
Semantic
Functional
Functional
Object Oriented
Object Oriented
Object-Based
Object-Based
Model
Model
Relational
Relational
Hierarchical
Hierarchical
Network
Network
Record-Based
Record-Based
Model
Steps of Designing DBMS
•
Determine
what to store
•
Determine
what relations exists
Data Warehouse
Data Warehouse
Kudang B. Seminar
What is Data warehouse?
What is Data warehouse?
•
Data warehouse as a subject- oriented,
Data warehouse as a subject- oriented,
integrated, time variant, non-volatile
integrated, time variant, non-volatile
collection of data in support of
collection of data in support of
management’s decision making process
management’s decision making process
•
Data warehouse systems consist of a set
Data warehouse systems consist of a set
of programs that extract data from the
of programs that extract data from the
operational environment, a database
operational environment, a database
that maintains data warehouse
The Goal of Data Ware
The Goal of Data Ware
House?
House?
•
to provide a "
to provide a "
single image
single image
of business reality
of business reality
" for the
" for the
organization
Fundamental Ideas Behind the
Fundamental Ideas Behind the
Successful Data Warehousing
Successful Data Warehousing
•
Operational vs. Decision Support Applications:
Operational vs. Decision Support Applications
:
One impetus for
One impetus for
data warehouse is the unsuitability of traditional operational
data warehouse is the unsuitability of traditional operational
applications for typical decision support usage patterns;
applications for typical decision support usage patterns;
•
Primitive vs. Derived Data: A critical success factor in data
Primitive vs. Derived Data
: A critical success factor in data
warehouse design is understanding knowledge workers’
warehouse design is understanding knowledge workers’
demand
demand
demand for detailed vs. summary data;
demand for detailed vs. summary data;
•
Time Series Data: Data warehouse often supports analysis of
Time Series Data
: Data warehouse often supports analysis of
trends over time and comparisons of current vs. historical data;
trends over time and comparisons of current vs. historical data;
•
Data Administration: Another critical success factor is senior
Data Administration
: Another critical success factor is senior
management commitment to maintenance of the quality of
management commitment to maintenance of the quality of
corporate data
corporate data
•
Systems Architecture:
Systems Architecture
:
A system must be architected when it is
A system must be architected when it is
very complex, requires the integration of many disciplines, or is
very complex, requires the integration of many disciplines, or is
developed in the face of uncertain requirements.
A
A
corporate data warehouse is a
corporate data warehouse is a
process by which related data
process by which related data
from many operational systems is
from many operational systems is
merged to provide a single,
merged to provide a single,
integrated business information
integrated business information
view that spans all business
view that spans all business
divisions.
divisions.
Corporate Data for
Corporate Data for
Warehouses
