INCREASING THE MASTERY OF REPORTED SPEECH BY USING STAD (STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION)
(A CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH AT TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MA NU MAWAQI’UL ULUM UNDAAN KUDUS IN THE ACADEMIC
YEAR 2012/2013)
By:
AHMAD SAIFUL ANAM 200832116
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
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INCREASING THE MASTERY OF REPORTED SPEECH BY USING STAD (STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION)
(A CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH AT TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MA NU MAWAQI’UL ULUM UNDAAN KUDUS IN THE ACADEMIC
YEAR 2012/2013)
SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program
in English Education
By:
AHMAD SAIFUL ANAM NIM 200832116
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
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ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the sarjana skripsi of Ahmad Saiful Anam (NIM 2008-32-116) has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the
Examining Committee.
Kudus, 26 Desember 2012 Advisor I
Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIS. 0610701000001204
Advisor II
Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd. NIS. 0610713020001020
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
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EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Ahmad Saiful Anam (NIM: 2008-32-116) has been approved by the Board of Examiners as a requirement for Sarjana Program in English Education
Kudus, 26 Desember 2012 Skripsi Examining Committee:
Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. Chairperson/ Member NIS. 0610701000001204
Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd Member
NIS. 0610713020001020
Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd. Member
NIS. 0610701000001207
Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd. Member
NIS. 0610701000001146
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
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MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO
∞ Fight to do the job, not fight to get the job (Anies Baswedan)
∞ A man abstains to say, “I am tired.”
∞ Sometimes to keep silent and conscious is better than to wonder without thinking (Nein Arimasen).
∞ Pergulatan hidup harus dipandang sebagai usaha untuk menciptakan keindahan. Seni adalah monumen kemenangan manusia dalam menjawab hidup. (Friedrich Nietzsche)
This skripsi is dedicated to:
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praises to Allah for the strength and blessing in completing this skripsi. So, he can finally accomplish this Skripsi entitled “Increasing the Mastery of Reported Speech by Using Student Teams Achievement Division (A Classroom Action Research at Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013)”.
He would like to express his appreciation to all of those who always directly or indirectly support the writer in completing this skripsi. For there are no such things the writer can give to return their kindness, so he tends to say thank you very much to:
1. Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd. the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty.
2. Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S., M.Pd. the Head of English Education Department 3. Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. as the first advisor, for all the time, advice, patience
and attention to the writer in completing this skripsi.
4. Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd. as his second advisor who had been wise to give corrections and suggestions.
5. The lecturers of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
6. The Headmaster of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Kudus, who permits him to conduct the research in his school.
7. Sri Rejeki, S.Pd. as English teacher of grade ten of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus for the collaboration in the process of collecting data in her classroom.
8. His spiritual teacher, Agus Syarofudin and the wife of him, Mrs. Diana for the motivation, constructive allusion, and all the helps they give to the writer. 9. His comrades in teater Poentoen’; Chairil Annam, Dhanny Azzara, Mbah jek,
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10.All of the teater TigakomA family; Pakwa and wife, Beni, Atmaja, Atik, Dahniar, Isty, Lia, Lya, Mita, Agus, Danny, Erma, Ikka, Uden, Yuni, Dwi, Dewi, Elfin, Najib, Nisa, Munajad, Purna, Arum, Devi, Cupit, Irma, Kojek, Utamah, Vita, Zaenal, and many others for their willingness to pass the time, to kill the boredom, and to ease the strains of the writer’s.
11.All of the BEM FKIP members; Panji, Faisol, Daniar, Dian, Jamal, Jamil, Kifti, Mujib, Nita and many others for their willingness to share place and thought with the writer to write this skripsi.
12.All friends of Nggempalno Community; Adis, Alwi, Burhan, Charly, Wahyu, and Siswo for they had shared joy and fun; priceless experiences.
13.All people whom the writer cannot mention; those who has been involved directly or indirectly to the process of writing the skripsi.
None of the things in this world was created to be the perfect, as well as the writer’s skripsi. Evaluation from those who read this skripsi is important and that will be the only way the writer can find his self-improvement.
Kudus, 9 November 2012
ix ABSTRACT
Anam, Ahmad Saiful. 2012. Increasing the Mastery of Reported Speech by Using STAD (A Classroom Action Research of Tenth Grade Students of MA NU
Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013. Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. (ii) Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd.
Key words: reported speech, STAD, classroom action research.
English is important for students to learn, because it has been widely known as an international language. Learning English will help students to be able to communicate to other people all over the world. However, many students feel difficulty in learning English. Grammar is one that felt to be a horror though apply STAD technique to increase the students’ mastery of reported speech.
The purpose of the research is to increase the students’ mastery of reported speech by using STAD. The research contains information of how STAD can be applied to increase the students’ mastery of reported speech.
This research is a classroom action research. The research was conducted at the X.B students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus in the first semester of academic year 2012/2013. The number of the students who joined the research process was 26 students; 16 boys and 10 girls.
The data of this research was taken from the result of written test, and the observation sheets which includes in three cycles. The findings of the research showed that: (1) in the first cycle, 9 students (34.6 %) fulfill the minimum mastery criterion, and the average score is 63.1 %. (2) In second cycle, the number of students who gets score ≥ 71 has increased to 53.4 %; 14 students, and the average score of students is 69.4 %. (3) In third cycle, students has reached the criterion of success in which proved with 18 students (69.2 %) can fulfill the minimum mastery criterion; ≥ 71, and the average score of students becomes 75.8 %.
x ABSTRAKSI
Anam, Ahmad Saiful. 2012. Meningkatkan Penguasaan Reported Speech dengan Menggunakan STAD (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang di Laksanakan di
Kelas Sepuluh MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus Tahun Akademik
2012/2013). Skripsi. Program Studi Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Keguruan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Dosen Pembimbing: (i) Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. (ii) Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd.
Kata Kunci: reported speech, STAD, penelitian tindakan kelas.
Penting bagi siswa untuk mempelajari Bahasa Inggris. Sebab Bahasa Inggris telah diakui sebagai bahasa internasional. Mempelajari Bahasa Inggris akan membantu siswa agar mampu berkomunikasi dengan orang-orang yang berbeda di seluruh penjuru dunia. Namun, banyak siswa yang merasakan kesulitan mempelajari bahasa Inggris. Grammar adalah salah satu yang siswa rasakan sebagai momok. Siswa telah diajarkan Grammar sejak SMP. Grammar memiliki banyak teori, salah satunya Reported Speech. Reported speech merupakan materi yang komplek, karena siswa harus memahami perubahan-perubahan kalimat yang meliputi perubahan Tense, Pronoun, dan adverb of time and place. Guru MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus mengeluhkan siswanya yang kesulitan mempelajari reported speech. Oleh sebab itu, beliau bersama penulis berniat menerapkan teknik STAD untuk meningkatkan penguasaan reported speech siswa.
Penelitian tersebut bertujuan meningkatkan penguasaan reported speech siswa dengan menggunakan STAD. Berisi informasi tentang bagaimana STAD dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan penguasaan reported speech siswa.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. penelitian ini di tujukan kepada siswa MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus kelas X.B semester satu tahun akademik 2012/2013. Siswa di kelas X.B yang mengikuti penelitian ini berjumlah 26 siswa, terdiri dari 16 putra dan 10 putri.
Data pada penelitian ini di ambil dari hasil tes tertulis dan lembar observasi yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1)siklus pertama,9 siswa (34.6 %) dapat mencapai kriteria ketuntasan minimal, dan nilai rata-rata siswa 63.1 %. (2) pada siklus kedua, siswa yang memperoleh nilai ≥ 71 sebanyak 53.4 % yaitu14 siswa, dan nilai rata-rata siswa menjadi 69.4 %. (3) pada siklus ketiga, siswa telah berhasil mencapai kriteria kesuksesan, hal ini dibuktikan dengan 18 siswa (69.2 %) berhasil memenuhi kriteria ketuntasan minimal; memperoleh nilai ≥ 71, dan nilai rata-rata siswa menjadi 75.8 %.
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APPROVAL OF ADVISOR ... iv
APPROVAL OF COMMITTEE ... v 1.1. Background of the Study ...1
1.2. Statement of the Problem ...5
1.3. Objective of the Research ...6
1.4. Significance of the Research ...6
1.5. Limitation of the Research ...6
1.6. Operational Definition ...7
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND ACTION HYPOTHESIS 2.1. Teaching English at MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus ... 8
2.1.1. Curriculum of English Subject at Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus ... 9
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2.1.3. Method of Teaching English at Tenth Grade Students of MA NU
Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus ... 11
2.2. Noun Clauses ... 12
2.2.1 Direct Speech / Quoted Speech ... 12
2.2.2 Indirect Speech / Reported Speech ... 14
2.3 Changing Quoted Speech into Reported Speech ... 15
2.3.1 Tenses Change ... 15
2.3.2 Pronoun Change ... 18
2.3.3 Adverb Change... 20
2.4 Classification of Reported Speech ... 21
2.4.1 Reported Speech in Statement ... 21
2.4.2 Reported Speech in Imperative/Request ... 22
2.4.3 Reported Speech in Question ... 22
2.5 Cooperative Learning ... 23
2.5.1 Characteristics of Cooperative learning ... 24
2.5.2 Methods of Cooperative Learning ... 25
2.6 Student Teams-Achievement Division (STAD) ... 26
2.6.1 Characteristics of STAD ... 27
2.7 Previous Research ... 29
2.8 Action Hypothesis ... 30
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3.2. Variable of the Research ... 31
3.3. Design of the Research ... 32
3.3.1 Planning ... 34
3.3.2 Acting ... 34
3.3. 3 Observing ... 35
3.3.4 Analysis and Reflecting ... 35
3.4 Procedure of the Research ... 36
3.4.1 Procedure of Pre-Cycle ... 36
3.4.2 Procedure of Cycles ... 37
3.4.2.1 Procedure of Cycle 1 ... 37
3.4.2.2 Procedure of Cycle 2 ... 39
3.5 Data Analysis ... 41
3.5.1 Observation Sheet ... 42
3.5.2 Students’ Test Score ... 42
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1 The implementation of STAD to increase students’ mastery of reported speech ... 44
4.1.1 Cycle 1 ... 45
4.1.1.1 Planning ... 45
4.1.1.2 Acting ... 46
4.1.1.3 Observing ... 49
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4.1.2 Cycle 2 ... 55
4.1.2.1 Planning ... 55
4.1.2.2 Acting ... 56
4.1.2.3 Observing ... 57
4.1.2.4 Analysis and Reflection ... 61
4.1.3 Cycle 3 ... 64
4.1.3.1 Planning ... 64
4.1.3.2 Acting ... 65
4.1.3.3 Observing ... 65
4.1.3.4 Analysis and Reflection ... 67
4.2 The Mastery of Reported Speech of Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus ... 68
4.2.1 The Students’ Mastery of Reported Speech in Cycle 1 ... 69
4.2.2 The Students’ Mastery of Reported Speech in Cycle 2 ... 70
4.2.3 The Students’ Mastery of Reported Speech in Cycle 3 ... 72
4.3 Recapitulation of Students’ Achievements ... 74
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1 The Implementation of STAD to Teach Reported Speech to the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 ... 75
5.1.1 Cycle 1 ... 75
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5.1.3 Cycle 3 ... 79
5.2 The Mastery of Reported Speech of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum Undaan Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 ... 79
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1 Conclusion ... 82
6.2 Suggestion ... 84
BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 85
APPENDICES ... 88
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
2.1 Struktur Kurikulum SMA/MA KelasX ... 10
2.2 List of verbs of reported speech ... 15
2.3 Sequence of tense ... 16
2.4 Examples of adverbs change ... 20
2.5 Criterion of determining students’ improvement score ... 29
2.6 Criterion of team recognition ... 29
4.3 The Activity of Teacher and Students in the Process of Teaching and Learning Reported Speech in Cycle 1 ... 49
4.4 The Activity of Teacher and Students in the Process of Teaching and Learning Reported Speech in Cycle 2 ... 58
4.5 The Activity of Teacher and Students in the Process of Teaching and Learning Reported Speech in cycle 3 ... 65
4.6 The Score of Reported Speech in Cycle 1 ... 69
4.7 Frequency Distribution of the Students’ Score of Reported Speech Test in Cycle 1 ... 69
4.8 The Score of Reported Speech Test in Cycle 2 ... 70
4.9 Frequency Distribution of the Students’ Score of Reported Speech Test in Cycle 2 ... 71
4.10 The Score of Reported Speech Test in Cycle 3 ... 72
4.11 Frequency Distribution of the Students’ Score of Reported Speech Test in Cycle 3 ... 73
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page
1 Syllabus of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Mawaqi’ul Ulum
Undaan Kudus in Academic Year 2012/2013 ... 88
2 Students’ Score in Pre-Cycle ... 91
3 Students Ranking List ... 92
4 Assigning Team in Cycle 1 ... 93
5 Lesson Plan in Cycle 1 ... 94
6 Materials of teaching reported speech ... 98
7 Team worksheet in Cycle 1 ... 100
23 Students Improvement Point in Cycle 3 ... 125
24 Teams’ Recognition in Cycle 3... 126
25 Students’ Average Score in Cycle 3 ... 127
26 Certificates of Team Recognition (Super, Great, and Good Teams) . 128 27 Documentation of the Application of STAD in Teaching Reported Speech ... 130
