S ING 0902384 Table of content

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Farah Hanifah Firdaus, 2015

TEACHER PRAISES AND STUDENTS’ ENGAGEMENT IN EFL CLASSROOM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

TABLE OF CONTENTS

STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION ... i

PREFACE ... ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... iii

ABSTRACT ... v

TABLE OF CONTENT ... vi

LIST OF TABLES ... ix

LIST OF FIGURE ... x

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1

1.1Background of the Study ... 1

1.2Research Question ... 2

1.3Aims of the Study ... 2

1.4Scope of the Study ... 3

1.5Significance of the Study ... 3

1.6Research Methodology... 3

1.6.1 Research Design ... 3

1.6.2 Subject of the Research ... 4

1.6.3 Instrument ... 4

1.6.4 Data Collection... 4

1.6.5 Data Analysis ... 4

1.7Clarification of Terms ... 4

1.8Organization of the Paper... 5

CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FOUNDATION ... 7

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2.2 Types of Reward ... 8

2.2.1 Tangible Reward ... 8

2.2.2 Praise ... 9

2.2.3 Informational Reward ... 9

2.2.4 Controlling Reward ... 9

2.3 Definition of Praise ... 9

2.4 Strategies in Rewarding Students ... 10

2.5 Teacher’s Praise ... 11

2.6 Definition of Students’ Engagement ... 13

2.7 Characteristic of Students’ Engagement ... 13

2.8 Factors in Students’ Engagement ... 15

2.8.1 Relationship with Teacher and Other Students ... 17

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Design ... 21

3.2 Population and Sample ... 21

3.3 Data Collection... 21

3.3.1 Classroom Observation ... 22

3.4 Data Analysis ... 24

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4.1 Teacher’s Strategies in Giving Praise to the Students ... 25

4.1.1 Description of Appropriate Behavior ... 27

4.1.2 Rationale ... 28

4.1.3 Request Acknowledgement ... 29

4.1.4 Positive Consequence ... 30

4.2 The Effect of Praise toward Students’ Engagement ... 30

4.2.1 Positive Body Language ... 30

4.2.2 Consistent Focus ... 31

4.2.3 Verbal Participation ... 32

4.2.4 Student Confidence ... 33

4.2.5 Fun and Excitement ... 33

CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1 Conclusions ... 34

5.2 Suggestions ... 37

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 Examples of Expression the Four-Step Teaching Process in Giving

Effective Praise ... 12

Table 2.2 Self-regulatory strategies ... 20

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LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 2.1 Conceptual model: How reward impacts performance ... 8

Figure 2.2 The factors that influence student engagement ... 16