• Tidak ada hasil yang ditemukan

Hubungan Persepsi Potensi Korupsi, Daya Saing dan Kemudahan Berusaha Serta Dampaknya pada Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Daerah (Analisa Data dari Survei Persepsi Korupsi)

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Membagikan "Hubungan Persepsi Potensi Korupsi, Daya Saing dan Kemudahan Berusaha Serta Dampaknya pada Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Daerah (Analisa Data dari Survei Persepsi Korupsi)"

Copied!
8
0
0

Teks penuh

(1)

+8%81*$1 3(56(36, 327(16, .25836, '$<$ 6$,1* '$1

.(08'$+$1 %(586$+$ 6(57$ '$03$.1<$

3$'$ 3(5780%8+$1 (.2120, '$(5$+

$1$/,6$ '$7$ '$5, 6859(, 3(56(36, .25836,

3RVPD 6DULJXQD -RKQVRQ .HQQHG\

)DNXOWDV (NRQRPL 8QLYHUVLWDV .ULVWHQ ,QGRQHVLD -O 0D\MHQ 6XWR\R 1R &DZDQJ -DNDUWD ,QGRQHVLD

(PDLO SRVPDKXWDVRLW#JPDLO FRP

$%675$.

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

.DWD NXQFL 3RWHQVL NRUXSVL GD\D VDLQJ NHPXGDKDQ EHUXVDKD SHUWXPEXKDQ HNRQRPL VXUYHL SHUVHSVL NRUXSVL

.RUXSVL PHUXSDNDQ SHQ\DODKJXQDDQ ZHZHQDQJ XQWXN WXMXDQ PHPSHUROHK PDQIDDW XQWXN NHSHQWLQJDQ SULEDGL \DQJ VDQJDW PHUXJLNDQ PDV\DUDNDW GDQ QHJDUD 'DODP UDQJND PHPSHUFHSDW XSD\D SHQFHJDKDQ GDQ SHPEHUDQWDVDQ NRUXSVL GL ,QGRQHVLD SHPHULQWDK WHODK PHQJHOXDUNDQ 3HUDWXUDQ 3UHVLGHQ 5HSXEOLN ,QGRQHVLD 1RPRU 7DKXQ WHQWDQJ 6WUDWHJL 1DVLRQDO 3HQFHJDKDQ GDQ 3HPEHUDQWDVDQ .RUXSVL 6WUDQDV 33. MDQJND PHQHQJDK WDKXQ GDQ MDQJND SDQMDQJ WDKXQ 9LVL GDQ 0LVL 6WUDQDV 33. WHUVHEXW GLWXUXQNDQ NH GDODP HQDP VWUDWHJL \DNQL PHODNVDQDNDQ XSD\D XSD\D SHQFHJDKDQ PHODNVDQDNDQ ODQJNDK ODQJNDK VWUDWHJLV GL ELGDQJ SHQHJDNDQ KXNXP PHODNVDQDNDQ XSD\D XSD\D KDUPRQLVDVL SHQ\XVXQDQ SHUDWXUDQ SHUXQGDQJ XQGDQJDQ GL ELGDQJ SHPEHUDQWDVDQ NRUXSVL GDQ VHNWRU WHUNDLW ODLQ PHODNVDQDNDQ NHUMDVDPD LQWHUQDVLRQDO GDQ SHQ\HODPDWDQ DVHW KDVLO WLSLNRU PHQLQJNDWNDQ XSD\D SHQGLGLNDQ GDQ EXGD\D DQWL NRUXSVL GDQ PHQLQJNDWNDQ NRRUGLQDVL GDODP UDQJND PHNDQLVPH SHODSRUDQ SHODNVDQDDQ XSD\D SHPEHUDQWDVDQ NRUXSVL > @

,QGLNDWRU XWDPD NHEHUKDVLODQ 6WUDWHJL 1DVLRQDO 3HQFHJDKDQ GDQ 3HPEHUDQWDVDQ .RUXSVL GL WLQJNDW

QDVLRQDO GLXNXU PHQJJXQDNDQ &RUUXSWLRQ 3HUFHSWLRQ ,QGH[ &3, GDQ 1DWLRQDO ,QWHJULW\ 6\VWHP 1,6 3HQJJXQDDQ &3, GDQ 1,6 VHEDJDL LQGLNDWRU NHEHUKDVLODQ XSD\D SHPEHUDQWDVDQ NRUXSVL GLQLODL WHSDW PHQJLQJDW &3, GDQ 1,6 PHUXSDNDQ LQGLNDWRU JOREDO \DQJ SDOLQJ VHULQJ GLJXQDNDQ XQWXN PHQLODL NHEHUKDVLODQ XSD\D SHPEHUDQWDVDQ NRUXSVL GL GXQLD > @

&DWDWDQ 6NRU &3, QHJDUD SDOLQJ EHUVLK VNRU &3, QHJDUD SDOLQJ WHUNRUXSVL 6NRU VHPDNLQ EHVDU VHPDNLQ EHUVLK VHPDNLQ WLGDN NRUXSVL 6HPDNLQ UHQGDK SHULQJNDW PDND QHJDUD WHUVHEXW VHPDNLQ EHUVLK

*DPEDU &RUUXSWLRQ 3HUFHSWLRQ ,QGH[ &3, GDQ 3HULQJNDW GDUL ,QGRQHVLD > @

(2)

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±,QGRQHVLD > @

6WXGL LQL PHQJJXQDNDQ 6XUYHL 3HUVHSVL .RUXSVL 3HUVHSVL PDVLK PHUXSDNDQ SHQDIVLUDQ GDQ SHQLODLDQ VHVHRUDQJ WHUKDGDS IHQRPHQD VRVLDO WHUWHQWX 3HUVHSVL WLGDN KDQ\D GLKDVLONDQ PHODOXLSHQLODLDQ VXEMHWLI \DQJ FHQGHUXQJ SHUVRQDO QDPXQ GLKDVLONDQ PHODOXL SHQLODLDQ REMHNWLI \DQJ EHUVXPEHU GDUL SHQJDODPDQ ODQJVXQJ DWDX WLGDN ODQJVXQJ GDQ DWDX SHQJHWDKXDQ \DQJ GLPLOLNL ROHK VHVHRUDQJ > @

3DSHU LQL EHUWXMXDQ XQWXN PHOLKDW DSDNDK SHULODNX NRUXSL \DQJ GLXNXU EHUEDVLV SHUVHSVL PDPSX PHQHUDQJNDQ GDPSDN WHUKDGDS KDODQJDQ ELVQLV GDQ SHUWXPEXKDQ HNRQRPL GL GDHUDK 3HUVHSVL NRUXSVL PHPLOLNL NHHUDWDQ GHQJDQ LQGLNDWRU SHQJXNXUDQ NRUXSVL ODLQ EDLN \DQJ EHUXSD LQVLGHQ NRUXSVL SUREDELOLWDV NRUXSVL GDQ DORNDVL ELD\D VXDS 'HQJDQ SHQJXNXUDQ SHUVHSVL NRUXSVL LQL LQJLQ PHPEXNWLNDQ EDKZD NRUXSVL WLGDN KDQ\D PDVDODK EDJL NHPXGDKDQ EHUXVDKD PHQGLVWRUVL GD\D VDLQJ ORNDO PHQXUXQNDQ LQWHJULWDV SXEOLN GDQ PHQXUXQNDQ LQWHJULWDV ELVQLV .RUXSVL VHFDUD MHODV PHQJJDQJJX SURJUDP SHPHULQWDK XQWXN PHQLQJNDWNDQ HNRQRPL GDQ LQYHVWDVL

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

OHPEDJD LQVWDQVL WHUWHQWX GDQ PHUXJLNDQ SLKDN ODLQ EDLN PDV\DUDNDW PDXSXQ QHJDUD

5L\DQWR > @ PHQJDWDNDQ OLPD KDO \DQJ GLDQJJDS EHUSRWHQVL PHQMDGL SHQ\HEDE WLQGDNDQ NRUXSVL 3HUWDPD DGDODK VLVWHP SROLWLN \DQJ GLWDQGDL GHQJDQ PXQFXOQ\D DWXUDQ SHUXQGDQJ XQGDQJDQ VHSHUWL 3HUGD GDQ SHUDWXUDQ ODLQ .HGXD DGDODK LQWHQVLWDV PRUDO VHVHRUDQJ DWDX NHORPSRN NHWLJD DGDODK UHPXQHUDVL DWDX SHQGDSDWDQ

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

D VLIDW WDPDN PDQXVLD E PRUDO \DQJ NXUDQJ NXDW PHQJKDGDSL JRGDDQ F JD\D KLGXS NRQVXPWLI G WLGDN PDX PDODV EHNHUMD NHUDV <DPDPDK > @ PHQMHODVNDQ EDKZD NHWLND SHULODNX PDWHULDOLVWLN GDQ NRQVXPWLI PDV\DUDNDW VHUWD VLVWHP SROLWLN \DQJ PDVLK ³PHQGHZDNDQ´ PDWHUL PDND GDSDW ³PHPDNVD´ WHUMDGLQ\D SHUPDLQDQ XDQJ GDQ NRUXSVL ³'HQJDQ NRQGLVL LWX KDPSLU GDSDW GLSDVWLNDQ VHOXUXK SHMDEDW NHPXGLDQ CWHUSDNVDC NRUXSVL NDODX VXGDK PHQMDEDW´

6DOHK > @ PHULQFL DGD HPSDW IDNWRU GRPLQDQ SHQ\HEDE PHUDMDOHODQ\D NRUXSVL GL ,QGRQHVLD \DNQL IDNWRU SHQHJDNDQ KXNXP PHQWDO DSDUDWXU NHVDGDUDQ PDV\DUDNDW \DQJ PDVLK UHQGDK GDQ UHQGDKQ\D µSROLWLFDO ZLOO¶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

/HPDKQ\D NRPLWPHQ GDQ NRQVLVWHQVL SHQHJDNDQ KXNXP GDQ SHUDWXUDQ SHUXQGDQJDQ 5HQGDKQ\D LQWHJULWDV GDQ SURIHVLRQDOLVPH 0HNDQLVPH SHQJDZDVDQ LQWHUQDO GL VHPXD OHPEDJD SHUEDQNDQ NHXDQJDQ GDQ ELURNUDVL EHOXP PDSDQ .RQGLVL OLQJNXQJDQ NHUMD WXJDV MDEDWDQ GDQ OLQJNXQJDQ PDV\DUDNDW GDQ /HPDKQ\D NHLPD QDQ NHMXMXUDQ UDVD PDOX PRUDO GDQ HWLND

8WDUL > @ GDODP .HQQHG\ > @ PHQ\HEXWNDQ SHULODNX NRUXSVL GDSDW PXQFXO GDUL

(3)

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

6LVL 3HUPLQWDDQ .RUXSVL 3HUVHSVL 3RWHQVL .RUXSVL> @

3RWHQVL .RUXSVL DGDODK NRQGLVL \DQJ PHPXQJNLQNDQ WLQGDN SLGDQD NRUXSVL WHUMDGL 3RWHQVL NRUXSVL GDSDW WHUMDGL DNLEDW OLPD KDO \DLWX SUHYDOHQVL NRUXSVL WLQJJL UHQGDKQ\D DNXQWDELOLWDV SHQGDQDDQ SXEOLN WLQJJLQ\D PRWLYDVL NRUXSVL PHOXDVQ\D VHNWRU WHUGDPSDN NRUXSVL GDQ HIHNWLYLWDV SURJUDP DQWLNRUXSVL GL GDHUDK

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

SHMDEDW SXEOLN \DQJ WLGDN WUDQVSDUDQ DSDNDK DGD OHPEDJD SHQJDZDV LQWHUQDO \DQJ PHQJDXGLW NHXDQJDQ SXEOLN GDQ DSDNDK DGD LQGHSHQGHQVL SHQJDGLODQ \DQJ PHQLQGDN SHMDEDW NRUXS 0RWLYDVL NRUXSVL DGDODK GRURQJDQ VHRUDQJ SHMDEDW SXEOLN PHODNXNDQ SUDNWLN WLQGDN SLGDQD NRUXSVL 0LVDOQ\D DSDNDK SUDNWLN SHPEHULDQ SHUODNXDQ LVWLPHZD WHUMDGL DSDNDK SUDNWLN NRUXSVL XQWXN PHPEHULNDQ GRQDVL SROLWLN EHUOHELK DSDNDK SUDNWLN NRUXSVL PHQFLSWDNDQ GDQDRII EXGJHWXQWXN SDUWDL SROLWLN WHUMDGL SUDNWLN NRUXSVL XQWXN PHQJDPDQNDQ SUR\HN SHPHULQWDK WHUMDGL SUDNWLN NRUXSVL DNLEDW MXDO EHOL SHQJDUXK 6HNWRU WHUGDPSDN NRUXSVL DGDODK SHQLODLDQ WHUKDGDS VHNWRU SXEOLN DSDVDMD WHUMHUDW NDVXV NRUXSVL 6HNWRU SXEOLN \DQJ GLQLODL PHOLSXWL VHNWRU SHUL]LQDQ SHOD\DQDQ GDVDU SHUSDMDNDQ SHQJDGDDQ SHUDGLODQ NXRWD SHUGDJDQJDQ NHSROLVLDQ SHUNUHGLWDQ EHD FXNDL OHPEDJD SHPHULNVD PLOLWHU HNVHNXWLI GDQ OHJLVODWLI (IHNWLYLWDV SURJUDP DQWL NRUXSVL DGDODK SHQLODLDQ WHUKDGDS VHEHUDSD WLQJNDW NHEHUKDVLODQ XSD\D SHQFHJDKDQ GDQ SHQHJDNDQ KXNXP WHUKDGDS SHMDEDW NRUXS WHUKDGDS SHQXUXQDQ ULVLNR NRUXSVL > @

'DHUDK GHQJDQ SHUWXPEXKDQ LQGHNV SHUVHSVL NRUXSVL WLQJJL PHQXQMXNNDQ GDHUDK \DQJ EHUVDQJNXWDQ PHPLOLNL NHPDMXDQ \DQJ VLJQLILNDQ GDODP XSD\D SHPEHUDQWDVDQ NRUXSVL GL GDHUDKQ\D 6HEDOLNQ\D GDHUDK \DQJ FHQGHUXQJ VWDJQDQ SHQXUXQDQ LQGHNV SHUVHSVL NRUXSVLQ\D PHQXQMXNNDQ VWDJQDVL SHQXUXQDQ GDODP XSD\D SHPEHUDQWDVDQ NRUXSVL GL GDHUDK

6LVL 3HQDZDUDQ .RUXSVL 3HUVHSVL 3RWHQVL 6XDS> @

-LND SRWHQVL NRUXSVL GLXNXU VHEDJDL SHQGHNDWDQ DWDV VLVL SHUPLQWDDQ NRUXSVL SRWHQVL VXDS GLXNXU VHEDJDL SHQGHNDWDQ DWDV VLVL SHQDZDUDQ NRUXSVL 3RWHQVL 6XDS DGDODK SHQLODLDQ WHUKDGDS VHEHUDSD EHVDU GDPSDN VXDS WHUKDGDS SUDNWLN GDUL SULQVLS ELVQLV \DQJ DGLO 6HFDUD VSHVLILN SRWHQVL SHPED\DUDQ VXDS GDODP VXUYHL LQL GLLGHQWLILNDVL PHODOXL VHEHUDSD EHVDU SHUVHQWDVH NRPSHWLVL ELVQLV \DQJ GLPHQDQJNDQ PHODOXL SUDNWLN VXDS PHQ\XDS

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

(4)

VHEDOLNQ\D NRWD GHQJDQ DORNDVL VXDS UHQGDK PHPLOLNL SRWHQVL VXDS \DQJ UHQGDK SXOD

3HUEHGDDQ NDSDVLWDV HNRQRPL DQWDU GDHUDK PHQJDNLEDWNDQ SRWHQVL GDPSDN SRWHQVL NRUXSVL GDQ SRWHQVL VXDS EHUEHGD 'DHUDK GHQJDQ SRWHQVL NRUXSVL WLQJJL GDQ SRWHQVL VXDS WLQJJL PHPLOLNL SRWHQVL GDPSDN HNRQRPL \DQJ WLQJJL 6HEDOLNQ\D SRWHQVL NRUXSVL GDQ SRWHQVL VXDS UHQGDK PHPLOLNL SRWHQVL GDPSDN HNRQRPL \DQJ UHQGDK

3HUVHSVL 'D\D 6DLQJ> @

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

3HUVHSVL .HPXGDKDQ %HUXVDKD> @

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

0HWRGH SHQHOLWLDQ \DQJ GLODNXNDQ SDGD VWXGL LQL DGDODK DQDOLVD GHVNULSWLI GHQJDQ PHOLKDW KXEXQJDQ DQWDU YDULDEHO \DLWX SHUVHSVL SRWHQVL NRUXSVL SRWHQVL VXDS GD\D VDLQJ NHPXGDKDQ EHUXVDKD GDQ SHUWXPEXKDQ HNRQRPL .DUHQD SHQJDPELODQ GDWDQ\D PHQXUXW SHUVHSVL UHVSRQGHQ PDND DODW SHQJXMLDQQ\D PHQJJXQDNDQ PHWRGRORJL QRQ SDUDPHWULN \DLWX5DQN 6SHDUPDQ 7HVW 6HOXUXK GDWD PHQJJXQDNDQ KDVLO 6XUYHL 3HUVHSVL .RUXSVL \DQJ GLODNXNDQ ROHK /HPEDJD 7UDQSDUHQF\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO,QGRQHVLD

%HULNXW GHVNULSVL PHQJHQDL SHODNVDQDDQ VXUYHL

3HODNVDQDDQ 6XUYHL 3HUVHSVL .RUXSVL WDKXQ ROHK /HPEDJD 7UDQVSDUHQF\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO> @

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

7DEHO 'LVWULEXVL 6DPSHO %HUGDVDU 6XUYHL .RWD GDQ 6NDOD 8VDKD 5HVSRQGHQ 1R .RWD -XPODK 5HVSRQGHQ

(5)

.HFLO 0HQHQJDK %HVDU .RWD 0DQDGR .RWD %DQGXQJ .RWD %DQMDUPDVLQ .RWD -DNDUWD 8WDUD .RWD 0DNDVVDU .RWD 0HGDQ .RWD 3DGDQJ .RWD 3HNDQEDUX .RWD 3RQWLDQDN .RWD 6HPDUDQJ .RWD 6XUDED\D 7RWDO

&DWDWDQ -XPODK WRWDO UHVSRQGHQ VHEDQ\DN GLNDUHQDNDQ EHEHUDSD IDNWR GL ODSDQJDQ 6XPEHU 7UDQVSDUHQF\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO > @

3HQJDPELODQ GDWD ROHK 7UDQSDUHQF\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO GLODNXNDQ PHODOXL PHWRGH ZDZDQFDUD WDWDS PXND GHQJDQ SHQJXVDKD GHQJDQ SDQGXDQ NXHVLRQHU VXUYHL 3HQJXPSXODQ GDWD 6XUYHL 3HUVHSVL .RUXSVL \DQJ GLODNXNDQ ROHK 7UDQVSDUHQF\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO ,QGRQHVLD GLEDQWX ROHK NRRUGLQDWRU ZLOD\DK VXUYHL VHUHQWDN GL VHEHODV NRWD GL ,QGRQHVLD SDGD 0HL ±-XQL

3HUVHSVL 3RWHQVL .RUXSVL> @

'DODP VXUYHL SRWHQVL NRUXSVL DNDQ GLWLQMDX OLPD NDWHJRUL \DLWX SUHYDOHQVL NRUXSVL DNXQWDELOLWDV SXEOLN PRWLYDVL NRUXSVL GDPSDN NRUXSVL GDQ HIHNWLYLWDV SHPEHUDQWDVDQ NRUXSVL 3RWHQVL NRUXSVL GLQLODL MLND VDQJDW NRUXS GDQ MLND VDQJDW EHUVLK 'HQJDQ NDWHJRULVDVL WHUVHEXW GLNHWDKXL EDKZD SHQ\XPEDQJ XWDPD VNRU SRWHQVL NRUXSVL DGDODK HIHNWLYLWDV SHPEHUDQWDVDQ NRUXSVL GHQJDQ VNRU DNXQWDELOLWDV SXEOLN GHQJDQ VNRU VHNWRU WHUGDPSDN NRUXSVL GHQJDQ VNRU SUHYDOHQVL NRUXSVL GHQJDQ VNRU GDQ GLLNXWL ROHK PRWLYDVL XQWXN NRUXSVL GHQJDQ VNRU VHEHVDU 'DWD GDUL WDKXQ GDSDW GLOLKDW SDGD WDEHO EHULNXW LQL

7DEHO 3RWHQVL .RUXSVL 1R .DWHJRUL GDQ 8QVXU KDUDSDQ 3UHYDOHQVL NRUXSVL $NXQWDELOLWDV NHXDQJDQ 0RWLYDVL NRUXSVL 6HNWRU WHUGDPSDN NRUXSVL 3HPEHUDQWDVDQ GDQ SHQFHJDKDQ NRUXSVL

&DWDWDQ 3RWHQVL NRUXSVL GLQLODL MLND VDQJDW NRUXS GDQ MLND VDQJDW EHUVLK 6XPEHU 7UDQVSDUHQF\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO > @

%HUGDVDUNDQ IDNWD HPSLULV WHUVHEXW HIHNWLYLWDV SHPEHUDQWDVDQ NRUXSVL GDQ DNXQWDELOLWDV SHQGDQDDQ SXEOLN PHPLOLNL NRQWULEXVL SDOLQJ EHVDU WHUKDGDS SHQXUXQDQ SRWHQVL NRUXSVL 7LGDN NDODK SHQWLQJ

SHQXUXQDQ SRWHQVL NRUXSVL MXJD GLVXPEDQJNDQ ROHK SHUEDLNDQ SHUVHSVL WHUKDGDSVHNWRU WHUGDPSDN NRUXSVL SHQXUXQDQ SUHYDOHQVL NRUXSVL GDQ SHQXUXQDQ PRWLYDVL NRUXSVL

'L WDKXQ LQL .RWD \DQJ PHPLOLNL VNRU ,QGHNV 3HUVHSVL .RUXSVL WHUWLQJJL DGDODK .RWD %DQMDUPDVLQ GHQJDQ VNRU .RWD 6XUDED\D GHQJDQ VNRU GDQ .RWD 6HPDUDQJ GHQJDQ VNRU 6HPHQWDUD LWX .RWD \DQJ PHPLOLNL VNRU ,QGHNV 3HUVHSVL .RUXSVL WHUHQGDK DGDODK .RWD %DQGXQJ GHQJDQ VNRU .RWD 3HNDQEDUX GHQJDQ VNRU GDQ .RWD 0DNDVVDU VNRU

3HUVHSVL 3RWHQVL 6XDS> @

%HUGDVDUNDQ SUHYDOHQVL VXDS NRWD \DQJ PHPLOLNL SUHYDOHQVL VXDS WHUWLQJJL DGDODK .RWD 3RQWLDQDN .RWD 3DGDQJ .RWD %DQMDUPDVLQ GDQ .RWD 0DQDGR 6HPHQWDUD LWX NRWD \DQJ PHPLOLNL SUHYDOHQVL VXDS \DQJ UHQGDK DGDODK .RWD 3HNDQEDUX .RWD 0DNDVVDU GDQ .RWD 6HPDUDQJ

%HUGDVDUNDQ UHUDWD DORNDVL VXDS .RWD \DQJ PHPLOLNL SHUVHQWDVH VXDS WHUWLQJJL DGDODK .RWD %DQMDUPDVLQ VHEHVDU GDUL WRWDO ELD\D SURGXNVL .RWD 0DQDGR GHQJDQ UHUDWD VXDS VHEHVDU GDUL WRWDO ELD\D SURGXNVL GDQ .RWD %DQGXQJ GHQJDQ UHUDWD VXDS VHEHVDU WRWDO SURGXNVL 6HPHQWDUD LWX NRWD \DQJ PHPLOLNL SHUVHQWDVH ELD\D VXDS WHUHQGDK DGDODK NRWD 6XUDED\D VHEHVDU GDUL WRWDO ELD\D SURGXNVL NRWD SRQWLDQDN GDUL WRWDO ELD\D SURGXNVL GDQ NRWD 3DGDQJ VHEHVDU GDUL WRWDO ELD\D SURGXNVL

3HUVHSVL 'D\D 6DLQJ> @

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

'LDQWDUD NRWD \DQJ GLVXUYHL VHFDUD UHODWLI .RWD 6HPDUDQJ GDQ .RWD 6XUDED\D PHQGXGXNL SHULQJNDW WHUDWDV NRWD GHQJDQ SHUVHSVL GD\D VDLQJ ORNDO WHUWLQJJL 6HPHQWDUD .RWD 3HNDQEDUX GDQ .RWD %DQGXQJ PHQGXGXNL SHULQJNDW WHUEDZDK NRWD GHQJDQ SHUVHSVL GD\D VDLQJ WHUHQGDK 3HPHULQJNDWDQ LQL GLGDVDUL DWDV

(6)

DNXPXODVL VNRU PDVLQJ PDVLQJ XQVXU GD\D VDLQJ GL PDVLQJ PDVLQJ NRWD .ULWHULD SHQLODLDQ GD\D VDLQJ WHUVHEXW DGDODK VHEDJDL EHULNXW MLND VDQJDW EXUXNGDQ MLND VDQJDW EDLN /LKDW JDPEDU GL EDZDK LQL

*DPEDU 3HUVHSVL 3HQJXVDKD WHQWDQJ 'D\D 6DLQJ /RNDO > @ 3HUVHSVL .HPXGDKDQ %HUXVDKD> @

3HQJXVDKD VHEDJDL UHVSRQGHQ GLPLQWD XQWXN PHPEHULNDQ SHQLODLDQ WHUKDGDS XQVXU SHQJKDPEDW GD\D VDLQJ WHUVHEXW 7LJD XQVXU \DQJ PHPLOLNL SHUVHQWDVH UHVSRQGHQ \DQJ PHQMDZDE FHQGHUXQJ EXUXN GDQ VDQJDW EXUXN WHUWLQJJL DGDODK NRUXSVL NULPLQDOLWDV GDQ LQIODVL 6HPHQWDUD LWX WLJD XQVXU GD\D VDLQJ \DQJ PHPLOLNL SHUVHQWDVH UHVSRQGHQ \DQJ PHQMDZDE FHQGHUXQJ EXUXN GDQ VDQJDW EXUXN WHUHQGDK DGDODK NRQIOLN LQGXVWULDO DNVHV SHUPRGDODQ GDQ LQIUDVWUXNWXU

.RQGLVL WHUVHEXW PHQJLQGLNDVLNDQ PHUXSDNDQ IDNWRU SHQJKDPEDW NHPXGDKDQ EHUXVDKD GL GDHUDK 7HPXDQ LQL PHQJLQGLNDVLNDQ EDKZD NRQIOLN LQGXVWULDO DNVHV SHUPRGDODQ GDQ LQIUDVWUXNWXU GL GDHUDK EXNDQ PHUXSDNDQ PDVDODK GDODP NHPXGDKDQ EHUXVDKD <DQJ GLDNXL VHEDJDL IDNWRU NHPXGDKDQ EHUXVDKD DGDODK NRUXSVL GL GDHUDK +DO LQL PHQRODN WHPXDQ GXJDDQ VHEDJLDQ RUDQJ \DQJ PHQJDQJJDS EDKZD SUDNWLN NRUXSVL PHUXSDNDQ SHOLFLQ EDJL SHUWXPEXKDQ HNRQRPL

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

*DPEDU 3HUVHSVL 3HQJXVDKD WHQWDQJ .HPXGDKDQ %HUXVDKD > @

( +XEXQJDQ 3HUVHSVL 3RWHQVL .RUXSVL 3HUVHSVL 'D\D 6DLQJ 3HUVHSVL .HPXGDKDQ %HUXVDKD GDQ 3HUWXPEXKDQ (NRQRPL

%HULNXW WDEHO DNXPXODVL GDWD GDUL VXUYHL \DQJ GLODNXNDQ ROHK 7UDQVSDUHQF\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO SDGD WDKXQ 'DWD GDWD LQL XQWXN PHOLKDW KXEXQJDQ DQWDUD SHUVHSVL SRWHQVL NRUXSVL GHQJDQ SHUVHSVL GD\D VDLQJ SHUVHSVL NHPXGDKDQ EHUXVDKD GDQ SHUWXPEXKDQ HNRQRPL

7DEHO 'DWD 3HUVHSVL .RUXSVL 3HUVHSVL 6XDS 'D\D 6DLQJ .HPXGDKDQ %HUXVDKD GDQ 3HUWXPEXKDQ (NRQRPL 'DHUDK .RWD 3HUVHS VL .RUXSVL 3HUVHS VL 6XDS 'D\D 6DLQJ .HPX GDKDQ %HUX VDKD 3HUWXP EXKDQ (NRQ RPL %DQMDU PDVLQ 6XUDED\D 6HPDUDQJ 3RQWLDQDN 0HGDQ -DNDUWD 8WDUD 0DQDGR 3DGDQJ 0DNDVVDU 3HNDQEDUX %DQGXQJ

&DWDWDQ $QJND WHUEHVDU PHPLOLNL SUHVWDVL \DQJ OHELK EDLN 3HUWXPEXKDQ HNRQRPL UDWD UDWD SHUWXPEXKDQ SHUWXPEXKDQ 6XPEHU %36 .RWD > @ > @ 6XPEHU 7UDQVSDUHQF\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO > @

'DUL GDWD GL DWDV GLXML KXEXQJDQ DQWDU YDULDEHOQ\D PHQJJXQDNDQ 5DQN 6SHDUPDQ \DQJ PHPEHULNDQ OXDUDQ VHEDJDL EHULNXW

7DEHO .RUHODVL DQWDU 9DULDEHO 3HUVHSVL .RUXSVL 'D\D 6DLQJ .HWHUEX NDDQ 8VDKD 3HUWXP EXKDQ (NRQRPL 3HUVHSVL .RUXSVL NRUHODVL NXDW NRUHODVL NXDW WLGDN DGD KXEXQJDQ 'D\D 6DLQJ NRUHODVL NXDW .RUHODVL VJW NXDW WLGDN DGD KXEXQJDQ

(7)

.HWHUEXN DDQ 8VDKD NRUHODVL NXDW NRUHODVL VJW NXDW WLGDN DGD KXEXQJDQ 6XPEHU KDVLO RODK GDWD PHQJJXQDNDQ 6366

'DUL KDVLO WHV NRUHODVL GL DWDV WHUOLKDW EDKZD WHUGDSDW KXEXQJDQ \DQJ NXDW DQWDUD SHUVHSVL NRUXSVL GHQJDQ GD\D VDLQJ GDQ NHWHUEXNDDQ XVDKD

'DHUDK GHQJDQ LQGHNV SHUVHSVL NRUXSVL \DQJ WLQJJL PHPLOLNL GD\D VDLQJ \DQJ WLQJJL VHEDOLNQ\D GDHUDK GHQJDQ LQGHNV SHUVHSVL NRUXSVL UHQGDK PHPLOLNL GD\D VDLQJ \DQJ UHQGDK 3HUVHSVL KDPEDWDQ EHUXVDKD DGDODK NHNXDWDQ \DQJ GDDW PHQJKDPEDW NHPDPSXDQ GDHUDK XQWXN PHQLQJNDWNDQ SURGXNVL GL GDHUDK .RUXSVL GLDQJJDS GDSDW PHQJKDPEDW SHQJXVDKD EHNHUMD GDQ EHULQYHVWDVL VHKLQJJD GDHUDK WLGDN GDSDW PHQLQJNDWNDQ SURGXNVLQ\D 3HUVHSVL GD\D VDLQJ VDQJDW EHUKEXQJDQ NXDW GHQJDQ SHUVHSVL KDPEDWDQ EHUXVDKD 'DHUDK WLGDN DNDQ PHPLOLNL NHPDPSXDQ XQWXN PHQLQJNDWNDQ NDSDVLWDV SURGXNVLQ\D MLND WHUGDSDW SHUVHSVL KDPEDWDQ EHUXVDKD \DQJ EXUXN

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

'$)7$5 3867$.$

%DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN 6XUYHL 3HULODNX $QWL .RUXSVL 63$. %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVLN -DNDUWD ,QGRQHVLD

7UDQVSDUHQF\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RUUXSWLRQ 3HUFHSWLRQ ,QGH[

7UDQVSDUHQF\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO ,QGRQHVLD 6XUYHL 3HUVHSVL .RUXSVL 'DQLGD $&)( ,QGRQHVLD &KDSWHU 6XUYDL

)UDXG ,QGRQHVLD $VVRFLDWLRQ RI &HUWLILHG IUDXG ([DPLQHUV

6LUHJDU 6DQWL /LQD /LWHUDWXUH 5HYLHZ 3HULODNX .RUXSVL GDQ 3HQ\HEDEQ\D )XQGDPHQWDO 0DQDJHPHQW -RXUQDO

,661 SULQW

RQOLQH 9ROXPH 1R $SULO S 5LDQWR %LELW 6DPDG 8QGDQJ XQGDQJ

3HQJDGLODQ 7LSLNRU GDQ (NVLVWHQVL .RPLVL 3HPEHUDQWDVDQ .RUXSVL GDODP $PLU 6\DULIXGLQ GNN 3HQ\XQWLQJ %XQJD 5DPSDL 3RWUHW 3HQHJDNDQ +XNXP GL ,QGRQHVLD -DNDUWD .RPLVL <XGLVLDO 5HSXEOLN ,QGRQHVLD

6RSDQDK :DK\XGL ,VD $QDOLVD $QJJDUDQ 3XEOLN 3DQGXDQ 727 -DNDUWD 0DODQJ &RUUXSWLRQ :DWFK 0&: GDQ <DSSLND <DPDPDK $QVDUL 'LXQGXK GDUL3HULODNX .RQVXPWLI 3HQ\HEDE .RUXSVL KWWS

GHOOLPDQXVDQWDUD FRP LQGH[ SKS

6DOHK $EGXO 5DKPDQ ³.RUXSVL 7HUJRORQJ ([WUDRUGLQDU\´ KWWS ZZZ DUVLS SRQWLDQDNSRVWFRP EHULWD LQGH[ DVS"%HUL WD 3LQ\XK LG

+DUGMDSDPHNDV (UU\ 5 0HODZDQ .RUXSVL 7XJDV .LWD 6HPXD KWWS ZZZ IRNDO

LQIR IRNDO DUVLS DUVLS KXNXP KWPO 8WDUL ,QGDK 6UL )DNWRU 3H\HEDE .RUXSVL 3HQGLGLNDQ $QWL .RUXSVL XQWXN 3HUJXUXDQ 7LQJJL .HPHQWULDQ 3 . 'LUHNWRUDW -HQGHUDO

3HUJXUXDQ 7LQJJL

.HQQHG\ 3RVPD 6DULJXQD -RKQVRQ 6LUHJDU 6DQWL /LQD 3DUD 3HODNX )UDXG GL ,QGRQHVLD PHQXUXW 6XUYHL )UDXG

(8)

,QGRQHVLD %XOHWLQ (NRQRPL )(8., ,661 9RO 1R 6HSWHPEHU S %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN %DQMDUPDVLQ %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN 6XUDED\D %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN 6HPDUDQJ %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN 3RQWLDQDN %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN 0HGDQ %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN -DNDUWD 8WDUD %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN 0DQDGR %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN 3DGDQJ %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN 0DNDVDU %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN 3HNDQEDUX %DGDQ 3XVDW 6WDWLVWLN %DQGXQJ

Referensi

Dokumen terkait

Kaedah rawatan Hybrid Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor (UASB) yang dihasilkan melalui inovasi penyelidik Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), digunakan untuk

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif, yang mana bentuk penelitiannya adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), dimana pelaksanaannya menyajikan semua temuan

Hasil ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kadar kolesterol total pada remaja obes dan remaja tidak obes; juga didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara

Pengawasan preventif, pengawasan detektif dan penganggaran berbasis kinerja tidak berpengaruh signfikan terhadap efektivitas pengendalian anggaran dengan studi empiris

Berdasarkan hasil temuan dan kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini dapat disarankan hal-hal sebagai berikut: 1) Dalam setiap proses pembelajaran, guru harus

Berdasarkan latar belakang di atas, maka dapat disimpulkan rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pengaruh Return On Equity , likuiditas, leverage,

Kelainan jumlah kromosom seperti sindrom Down (trisomi 21) adalah kelainan yang paling sering terjadi dengan frekuensi 1 dari 700 kelahiran bayi dan lebih sering

Perubahan ini terjadi karena medium yang kompleks ketika diinokulasi dengan mikrobia selama kurun waktu inkubasi tertentu akan mengalami perubahan komposisi medium