DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1. Tulumang JA, Loho MF, Mamengko LM. Gambaran kanker
endometrium yang dirawat di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou
Manado periode 2013 – 2015. Jurnal e-Clinic. 2016;4:1-6.
2. MacNab W, Mehasseb MK. Endometrial cancer. Obstetrics,
Gynaecology, and Reproductive Medicine. 2016:1-7.
3. National Cancer Institute: Surveillance, epidemiology, and end
results program. SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Endometrial Cancer
[diakses pada tanggal 2 Juni 2016]. Tersedia
di:
4. Palisoul M, Mutch DG. The clinical management of inoperable
endometrial carcinoma. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.
2016;16:515-21.
5. Hoffman BL, Schorger JO, Bradshaw KD, Halvorson LM, Schaffer
JI, Corton MM. Endometrial cancer. Dalam: Williams Gynecology.
Edisi ke-3. US: McGraw-Hill Professional; 2016. h. 707-18.
6. Cristofano AD, Ellenson LH. Endometrial carcinoma. Annual
Review of Pathology: Mechanism of disease. 2007;2:57-85.
7. Jongen V, Briet J, de Jong R, ten Hoor K, Boezen M, van der Zee
A, et al. Expression of estrogen receptor-alpha and -beta and
progesterone receptor-A and -B in a large cohort of patients with
endometrioid endometrial cancer. Gynecologic Oncology.
8. Pike MC, Chung K, Olson S, Pearce CL, Wu AH. The essential
epidemiology of cancer of the endometrium: an update. Current
Clinical Oncology. 2016;1-8
9. Amant F, Moerman P, Neven P, Timmerman D, Limbergen EV,
uiVergote I. Endometrial cancer. Lancet. 2005;366:491-505.
10. Buhtoiarova TN, Brenner CA, Singh M. Role of current and
emerging biomarkers in resolving persistent clinical dilemmas.
American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2016;145:8-21.
11. Srijaipracharoen S, Tangjitgamol S, Tanvanich S, Manusirivithaya
S, Khunnarong J, Thavaramara T, et al. Expression of ER, PR, and
Her-2/neu in endometrial cancer: a clinicopathological study. Asian
Pasific J Cancer. 2010;11:215-220.
12. Murali R, Soslow RA, Weigelt B. Classification of endometrial
carcinoma: more than two types. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15:e268-78.
13. Kim JJ, Chapman-Davis E. Role of progesterone in endometrial
cancer. Semin Reprod Med. 2010;28;81-90
14. Kreizman-Shefer H, Pricop J, Elmalah I, Shalev E. Distribution of
estrogen and progesteron receptors isoforms in endometrial
cancer. Diagnostic Pathology. 2014; 77: 1-8.
15. Amant F, Mirza MR, Creutzberg CL. FIGO Cancer Report 2012:
cancer of the corpus uteri. International Journal of Gynaecology
and Obstetrics. 2012;119S2:S110-17.
16. Holman LL, Lu KH. The epidemiology of endometrial cancer. Glob.
17. Salom E, Gehrig P, Olawaiye A, Brewer M, Boruta D, Villella J, et
al. Endometrial cancer: a review and current management
strategies: part I. Gynecologic Oncology. 2014: 1-7.
18. Goodman A, Goff B. Endometrial cancer: screening, diagnosis, and
surgical staging. Current Clinical Oncology. 2009: 13-17.
19. Mishra S, Singh U, Quereshi S, Srivastava P, Goel M. Global
journal of research analysis clinicopathological profile of
endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma. Global Journal
for Research Analysis. 2016;5:521-24.
20. Schmandt RE, Iglesias DA, Co NN, Lu KH. Understanding obesity
and endometrial cancer risk: opportunities for prevention. American
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2011;518-25.
21. Chiang JW. Uterine cancer. 2015 Dec 30 [Diakses tanggal 11 Juni
2016]. Tersedia di:
22. Fader AN, Frasure HE, Gil KM, Berger NA, Gruenigen VE. Quality
of life in endometrial cancer survivors: what does obesity have to do
with it? Obstetric and Gynecology International. 2011; 1-6.
23. Carlson MJ, Thiel KW, Yang SJ, Leslie KK. Catch it before it kills:
progesteron, obesity, and prevention of endometrial cancer. Discov
Med. 2012;14:215-22.
24. Hacker NF. Uterine cancer . Dalam: Berek JS, Hacker NF. Practical
Gynecologic Oncology. Edisi ke-4. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams
25. Colombo N, Creutzberg C, Amant F, Bosse T, Gonzalez-Martin A,
Ledermann J, Marth C, et al. ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO Consensus
Conference on Endometrial Cancer: diagnosis, treatment and
follow-up. Annals of Oncology. 2016;27:16-41.
26. Sherman ME. Theories of endometrial carcinogenesis: a
multidisciplinary approach. Modern Pathology. 2000;13:295-308.
27. Matsumoto M, Yamaguci Y, Seino Y , Hatakeyama A, Takei H,
Niikura H, et al. Estrogen signaling ability in human endometrial
cancer through the cancer stromal interaction. Endocrine-Related
Cancer. 2008;15: 451-63.
28. Bansal N, Yendluri V, Wenham RM. The Molecular biology of
endometrial cancers and the Implication for pathogenesis,
classification, and targeted therapies. Cancer Control.
2009;16:8-13.
29. Pavlidou A, Vlahos NF. Molecular alternations of PI3K/Akt/mTOR
pathway: a therapeutic target in endometrial cancer. The Scientific
World Journal. 2014:1-9.
30. Kim TH, Wang J, Lee KY, Franco HL, Broaddus RR, Lydon JP, et
al. The synergistic effect of conditional pten loss and oncogenic
k-ras mutation on endometrial cancer development occurs via
decreased progesterone recptor action. Journal of Oncology.
2010:1-9.
31. Samulak D, Grosman-Dziewiszek P, Michalska MM, Mojs E,
pten gene, oestrogen and progesteron receptors as diagnostic and
predictive factors in endometrial cancer. Pathol. Oncol. Res.
2014;20:191-6.
32. Kim HI, Kim TH, Lim JM, Jeong JW. Steroid hormone intervenes in
the endometrial tumorigenesis of pten ablation. Journal of Cancer
Prevention. 2013;18:313-20.
33. Kalogiannidis I, Bobos M, Papanikolaou A, Makedos A, Amplianitis
I, Vergote I, et al. Immunohistochemical bcl-2 expression, p53
overexpression, PR and ER status in endometrial carcinoma and
survival outcomes. European Journal of Gynaecology Oncology
2008;1:19-25.
34. Jian X, Tang Q, Li H, Shen X, Xin L, Wang X, et al .
Tumor-associated macrophages correlate with progesteron receptor loss in
endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma. J.Obstet. Gynaecol.
Res. 2013;39: 855-63
35. Gordon MD, Ireland K. Pathology of endometrial carcinoma. 2016
Jan [diakses tanggal 11 Juni 2016]. Tersedia di:
36. Sofian A. Kanker endometrium. Dalam: Buku Acuan Nasional
Onkologi Ginekologi. Yayasan Bina Pustaka Sarwono
Prawirohardjo: Jakarta. 2006. h.456-67.
37. Lai CH, Wang CJ, Chao A. The clinical management of endometrial
38. Freeman SF, Aly AM, Kataoka MY, Addley HC, Reinhold C, Sala E.
The revised FIGO staging system for uterine malignancy:
implications for MR Imaging. Radio Graphics. 2012;32:1802-27.
39. Bender D, Buekers T, Leslie KK. Hormones and receptors in
endometrial cancer. Proceedings in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
2011;2:1-17.
40. Rizner TL. Estrogen biosynthesis, phase I and phase II metabolism,
and action in endometrial cancer. Molecular and Cellular
Endocrinology. 2013;381:124-139.
41. Chen SU, Chou CH, Chen MJ, Chen TH, Yang YS, Yang JH.
Apoptotic effects of high estradiol concentrations on endometrial
glandular cells. J CLin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99:E971-80.
42. Hapangama DK, Kamal AM, Bulmer JN. Estrogen receptor β: the
guardian of the endometrium. Human Reproduction Update.
2014;0:1-20.
43. Haring J, Schuler S, Lattrich C, Ortmann O, Treeck O. Role of
estrogen receptor β in gynecological cancer. Gynecologic
Oncology. 2012;127:673-6.
44. Costa e Silva R, Moura KKVdO, Riberio Jr CL, Guillo LA. Estrogen
signaling in the proliferative endometrium: implications in
endometriosis. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2016;62:72-7.
45. Deligdish L. Hormonal pathology of the endometrium. Mod Pathol.
46. Xie Y, Wang YL, Yu L, Hu Q, Ji L, Zhang Y, et al. Metformin
promotes progesterone receptor expression via inhibition of
mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in endometrial cancer
cells. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
2011;126:113- 20.
47. Ellmann S, Sticht H, Thiel F, Beckmann MW, Strick R, Strissel PI.
Estrogen and progesteron receptors: from molecular structures to
clinical targets Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2009; 66:2405–26.
48. Hanekamp EE, Gielen SCJP, Smid-Koopman E, Kuhne LCM, de
Ruiter PE, Chadha-Ajwani S, et al. Consequences of loss of
progesterone receptor expression in development of invasive
endometrial cancer. Clinical Cancer Research. 2003;9:4190-9
49. Colas E, Pedrola N, Devis L, Ertekin T, Campoy I, Martinez E, et al.
The EMT signaling pathways in endometrial carcinoma. Clin Transl
Oncol. 2012;14:715-20
50. Rekawiecki R, Kowalik MK, Kotwica J. Nuclear progesteron
receptor isoforms and their function in the female reproductive tract.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2011;14:149-58.
51. Mani SK, Oyola MG. Progesteron signaling mechanisms in brain
and behavior. Endocrinol; 2012;3:1-8.
52. Mote PA, Balleine RL, McGowan EMM, Clarke CL. Heterogeneity
of progesterone receptors A and B expression in human
endometrial glands and stroma. Human Reproduction.
53. Patel B. Role of nuclear progesteron receptor isoform in uterine
pathophysiology. Human Reproduction Update. 2014;0:1-19.
54. King AE, Critchley HOD. Oestrogen and progesteron regulation of
inflammatory process in the human endometrium. Journal of
Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 2010;120:116-26.
55. Wetendorf M, DeMayo FJ. The progesterone receptor regulates
implantation, decidualization, and glandular development via a
complex paracrine signaling network. Molecular and Cellular
Endocrinology. 2012;357:108-18.
56. Graham JD, Clarke CL. Expression and transcriptional activity of
progesteron receptor A and progesteron receptor B in mammalian
cells. Breast Cancer Research. 2002;4:187-90.
57. Mylonas I, Jescke U, Shabani N, Kuhn C, Kriegel S, Kupka M.S, et
al. Normal and malignant human endometrium express
immunohistochemically estrogen receptor alpha (ER-ɑ), estrogen
receptor beta (ER-ᵝ) and progesterone receptor (PR). Anticancer
research. 2005;25:1679-86.
58. Van der Horst PH, Wang YY, Vandenput I, Kuhne LC, Ewing PC,
Van Ucken WFJ, et al. Progesterone inhibits
epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in endometrial cancer. Plos One.
2012;7:1-12
59. Yang S, Jia Y, Liu X, Winters C, Wang X, Zhang Y, et al.
receptor downregulation in endometrial cancer. Oncotarget. 2014:
1-12.
60. Leslie KK, Stein M, Kumar NS, Dai D, Stephens J, Wandinger-Ness
A, et al. Progesteron receptor isoform identification and subcellular
localization in endometrial cancer. Gynecologic Oncology.
2005;96:32-41
61. Shao R. Progesterone receptor isoforms A and B: new insights in
the mechanism of progesterone resistance for the treatment of
endometrial carcinoma. Ecancer. 2013;7:1-8.
62. Bodner K, Laubichler P, Kimberger O, Czerwenka K, Zeillinger R,
Bodner-Adler B. Oestrogen and progesteron receptor expression in
patients with adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix and correlation
with various clinicopathological parameters. Anticancer Research.
2010;30:1341-6.
63. Ai ZH, Wang J, Wang YD, Lu LH, Tong JQ, Teng YC.
Overexpressed Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
(EGFR)-induced progestin insensitivity in human endometrial carcinoma
cells by the EGFR/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling
pathway. Cancer. 2010:3603-13.
64. Kobel M, Atenafu EG, Rambau PF, Ferguson SE, Nelson GS, Ho
TC, et al. Progesterone receptor expression is associated with
longer overall survival within high-grade histotypes of endometrial
carcinoma: a Canadian high risk endometrial cancer consortium
65. Honkavouri-Toivola M. Matrix metalloproteinases and their
inhibitors. Dalam: The prognostic role of matrix metalloproteinase-2
and their tissue inhibitor-1 and -2 in endometrial carcinoma.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Obstetric and
Gynecology, Oulu University. Edisi ke-1. Acta Univ; 2014. h: 31-7.
66. Tomica D, Ramic S, Danolic D, Knezevic F, Kolak T, Balja MP, et
al. A correlation between the expression of estrogen receptors and
progesterone receptors in cancer cells and in the myometrium and
prognostic factors in endometrial cancer. Coll. Antropol.
2014;38:129-34
67. Saito S, Ito K, Nagase S, Suzuki T, Akahira J, Okamura K, et al.
Progesterone receptor isoform as a prognostic marker in human
endometrial carcinoma. Cancer Sci. 2006;97:1308-14
68. Huvila J, Talve L, Carpen O, Edqvist P, Ponten F, Grenman S, et
al. Progesterone receptor negativity is an independent risk factor for
relapse in patients with early stage endometrioid endometrial
adenocarcinoma. Gynecologic Oncology. 2013; 130:463-9.
69. NCI dictionary of cancer terms [diakses tanggal 12 Juli 2016]
Tersedia di:
https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms?cdrid=653117.
70. Ishibashi H, Suzuki T, Suzuki S, Moriya T, Kaneko C, Takizawa T,
et al. Sex steroid hormone receptors in human thymoma. J Clin
71. Cohen DA, Dabbs Dj, Cooper KL, Amin M, Jones TE, Jones MW, et
al. Interobserver agreement among pathologist for semiquantitative
hormone receptor scoring in breast carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol.
2012;138:796-802.
72. Harvey JM, Remmele W, Goldhirsch A, Wolff AC. IVD certified
breast cancer panel. Immunohistology Breast pathology. 2013:1-2.
73. Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S. Perkiraan besar sampel. Dalam:
Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian klinis. Edisi ke-3. Jakarta: CV. Sagung
Seto; 2014. h. 365.
74. Markova I, Duskova M, Lubusky M, Kudela M, Zapletalova J,
Prochazka M, et al. Selected immunohistochemical prognostic
factors in endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer.
2010;20:576-82.
75. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
Endometrial cancer. 2016 June [ diakses tanggal 11 Juni 2016].
Tersedia di: http://www.acog.org/-/media/For-Patients/faq097.pdf
76. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (online) [diakses tanggal 29 Juni
2016]. Tersedia di:
77. World Health Organization. BMI classification. 2016 [diakses
tanggal 16 Desember 2016]. Tersedia di:
http://apps.who.int/bmi/index.jsp?introPage=intro_3.html
78. Binder PS, Mutch DG. Update on prognostic markers for
79. Clarke BA, Gilks CB. Endometrial carcinoma: controversies in
histopathological assessment of grade and tumour cell type. J Clini
