Gender and Diversity in Disaster Management

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Gender and Diversity Gender and

Diversity

Gender and Diversity in Disaster Management

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Gender and

Diversity

Welcome and session objectives

Presentation

• _{Understanding of key concepts}

• _{IFRC’s approach to gender and diversity}

• _{Key issues and good practice}

Role play & group exercise

 _{Identify aspects of gender and diversity}

 _{The link between gender and diversity in a humanitarian}

situation

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Gender and

Diversity

Introduction to gender and diversity

Sex: refers to the biological differences between men and women

Gender: refers to the social differences between men and

women

Diversity: refers to the differences between people.

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Gender and Diversity

What characteristics do you

think most describe men and

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Gender and

Diversity

Examples of gender stereotypes

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Vulnerabilities of gender and diversity in

disasters

Women, girls and boys are 14 times more likely to die during a disaster than are men

Asia Tsunami, 2004 +70% fatalities women

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Gender and

Diversity

IFRC’s approach to gender and diversity

Gender and diversity approach:

• Fundamental and crosscutting

• Rooted in the IFRC humanitarian mandate

• Recognizes that women and men have different capacities, strengths, needs and vulnerabilities

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Gender and

Diversity

Fundamental Principle of Impartiality

The RCRC Movement makes no discrimination as to:

Nationality Race

Religious beliefs Class

Political opinions.

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Gender and

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Gender- and diversity- sensitive risk

reduction and resilience

Risk Factors:

• Access to information

• Opportunities for skill

development

• Social

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Gender- and diversity- sensitive response

and recovery

Key issues:

• Relief distribution

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Gender and

Diversity

Gender Based Violence

 _{Break down in social structures leads to}

reduced protection

 _{Increased stress and increased rates of}

alcoholism

 _{IDP and refugee camp environments}

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Indonesia (PMI) – Integrated CBDRR after

Tsunami

Indian Ocean Tsunami, 2004, 60-75% of fatalities were women

Mainstreaming gender throughout its DM activities

Gender sensitive needs assessments ensured gender & diversity sensitive disaster action planning.

 Gender-related needs, concerns and capacities from

community

 Equal male and female facilitators

 Gender analysis on all areas: social, environment, economic issues

Outcome: Evacuation plans and routes were safer for women,

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Gender and

Diversity

Myanmar – Recovery after Cyclone Nargis

Outcome: Gender-sensitive needs assessment highlighted the

need for child-care facilities ensuring economic development without discrimination

Cyclone = 61% of victims were women

Gender sensitive early recovery programme - CFW

 Needs assessment teams

 Participation of women in FGDs

 Beneficiary selection – 33% female

 Inclusion of people with disabilities, the elderly, FHH, widows, landless labourers, MHH

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Gender and

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Gender and

Diversity

Thank you!

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Gender and

Diversity

Group role play activity

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Gender and

Diversity

Key issues

Situation Groups and individuals

Land locked country Ethnic and cultural hierarchy Prone to natural disasters People born with disabilities –

often suspected of witchcraft Limited basic services and poor

road infrastructure

Urban superiority over rural

Recent earthquake Gender disparities- women less powerful, less decision making ability (public & private spheres) Drought causing food insecurity

(agriculture) Children – responsibilities but low education IDPs and IDP settlements =

competition for resources

Majority of IDP families are female-headed

Lack of latrines or water points in

the informal settlements Elderly: women – low status/ men – high status Violence and social exclusion to LGBTI

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Gender and

Diversity

Landia

Ethnic

group Description

AMA Largest ethnic group 50% population

Light skinned & well educated

Political leadership and economic elite Official language –Amese

Baa Light skinned & working class 25% of the population

Cala Dark skinned

20% of the population

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Gender and

Diversity

Landia

Person-type Vulnerability or marginalization

City dwellers Superior to people living in rural areas Men More powerful than women

More decision making authority

Children Contribute to household labor from young age, as well as engaging in agriculture work

Primary education is low

Not involved in decision making Homosexuality Not openly accepted

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Gender and

Diversity

Group activity

1. Can you identify ways that you currently address

gender and diversity in your disaster management work?

2. What ways do you think you can further

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Gender and

Diversity

Thank you!

“...when gender equality is actively

promoted, it can positively

transform and enhance individual

lives as well as societies as a

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Gender and

Diversity

Emergency needs assessment

 _{Same assessment should be done with men and women}

separately

 _{Different needs that cannot be adequately reflected by only}

asking one or the other (safety, wash, daily schedules)

 _{May not wish to discuss sensitive issues in the presence of}

a male e.g. personal hygiene or reproductive health

 _{In some cultures women cannot be in the same area as}

men who are not related to her

 _{Equal representation of men and women an proportional}

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FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON GENDER AND DIVERSITY

PLEASE CONTACT:

IFRC GENDER AND DIVERSITY OFFICER, SOUTH EAST ASIA REGIONAL DELEGATION

CHRISTINA HANEEF ([email protected])

THIS PRESENTATION IS PUBLISHED BY

INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF

RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT SOCIETIES P.O. BOX 372

CH-1211 GENEVA 19 SWITZERLAND