Cahyono Ihsan FT 2009

fSBN NO

:9794984574

Proceeding

of

1"

International

Conference

on

Rehabilitation

and

Maintenance

in

Civil

Engineering

(

ICRMCE

)

2l-22

march

zt}grsbloo

Indonesia

dJ*o\

.$/ol*:

r*'{}'J

Sehlas

llrret

Linircnity

(uNstub)

ifirililryofPublto

Wotuhemdr

Edited

by

:

Kusno

Adi

Sambowo

Sholihin As'ad

Ary

Setytwan

S.A.

Kristiawan

Setiono

Syaf

i

Yuseph

llluslih

in

ollrbontion

with

:

Advisors

Chairman

Co-Chairman

Member

Dr.

Ary

Setyawan,

Fajar S

Handayani,

I'IIT

Edy Purwanto,

MT

Endah

Safiti, MT

Setiono, MSc

Dr.

S.A.

Kristiawan,

Djoko

Sarwono,

MT

Djumari,

MT

Dr. Kusno

Adi

Sambowo.

Dr.

Eng. Syafei

Solichin,

MT

.Yusep

Muslich,

MT

Ir. Siti

Qomariyah,

MSc

Pungki

Pramesti,

MT

Senot

Sangaji,

MT

Bambang Setiawan,

MT

Wibowo, DEA

Sunarmasto,

MT

Ministry

of Public

Works

Indonesia's

Hasto Agoeng

Sapoetro,

SIMT.

Ir. Agus

Sutopo,

MT

Bambang

Ari

Amarto,

ST

Nugroho Wuritomo,

ST.,

MT.

Anjar Pramularsih,

ST

Dra.

Sri

Musri Ambarukmi, MT

Dra.

Nurul

FuadiYah

Muhadl

S.Sos,

M.Pd

Indrawan,

SE,

M.Pd

Organizing

Committee

Dean

Faculty of Engineering,

Uni.

Sebelas

Maret

Dean

Faculty of Engineering,

Uni. Chulalongkorn

Head of Pusbiktek

Ministry

of Public

Work, lndonesia

Head of Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation

and Maintenance

Civil

Eng.

Uni.

Sebelas

Maret

Head of

Civil

Engineering Dept.

Uni.

Sebelas

Maret

Dr. Sholihin As'ad

Dr. Agus

P.

Rahmadi

Sttrdents College Committee

Reki

Arbianto

Gopta

Andhika

Pratama

Annisa

Kusumawti

Ariesita Putri

P

Dina Rachmayati

Irma Trianawati Y

Ratna

Dwiyani

N

Ferdian Agung

N

Awaludin

F

Aryanto

Setyo

Purnomo Y

Muhammad

Agus

F.

Samuri

Saptadhi Sampurno

Istiqomah

Nur'IJbaY

Meirawati

Dwi

JaYd

Akhyaarul Umam AzzaqY

Sony

Irawan

Nugroho

RaharP

Committee

Umar Effendi, SH

Rumadi

Kambali

Preface

The objective

of

the

l't

_{International conference}

of

_{Rehabilitation and Maintenance in}

Civil

Engineering

(rcRMcE)

is to

provide the

forum

and

to

initiate

a network

for

the engineers, academicians, government agencies and practitioners

in

_{exchanging the ideas} and experiences, technological advancement and innovation related to rehabilitation and maintenance in

civil

engineering.

This event has been responded positively

by

_{the engineers, academicians, governments}

agency _{and practitioners. Since}

its

first

_announcement

on last

_{SeptembJr 200g,} the organizing committee has received

92

abstracts

from

nine countries -and

finally

₆₆

full

papers _could be presented in this conference proceeding.

The topics

of

papers are divided into fifteen groups

of

sub-theme. Those are (a) Special experiences on building and infrastructure rehabilitation and maintenance, (b) Advanced Technology on

Building

and Infrastructure Rehabilitation Technique, (c). Assessment

of

Building

and Infrastructure Perfonnance, (d) Assessnr€nt

of Builiing

anA Infrastructure

Performance

Related

to

Natural

Hazard,

(e)

Smart

Material

-for

Building

and Infrastructures Repair (Including _{Material Development for}

Building

_{and Infrastructures),}

(f)

Building

and

Infrastructure Damage Assessment,

(g) Building

and

_{Infrastructure}

Maintenance

Strategy, (h)Testing

and

Inspection,

(i)

Restoration,

preservation,

Rehabilitation and Maintenance

of

Historic

Building,

(i).

Management on

Building

and Infrastructure Maintenance,

(k)

Building

and Infrastructure Service

Life

Modeling, (n) Code on building and infrastructure rehabilitation and maintenance (o) Others.

This

event

is

organized

by

the

Department

of

Civil

Engineering

of

Sebelas Maret

University (UNS-Solo), School

of

Rehabilitation and Maintenance

in

lnfrastructure

of

Post Graduate Program

of

Civil

Engineering, Sebelas Maret University (UNS-Solo) and

the

Minisry

of

Public Works

of

Republic lndonesia

with the

supporting panner Karlsruhe Institute

of

Technology

(KIT),

Indonesian Society

for

Building

Maintenance

(HAPBI) and University of Chulalongkorn.

On behalf

of

the organizing committee

I

would

like

to thank the institution parfirers, the speakers and the paper contributors, the sponsors, the media partners,

all

the committee members, the

Civil

Engineering Service (CES) and the Association

of

Civil

Engineering students (HMS) of sebelas Maret

university

(uNS-Solo) for their great support.

Solo,

2l't

March 2009.

Dr. Sholihin As'ad

Chairman of the Organizing Committee of

Table

of

Contents

A. Special Experiences on

Building

and

Infrastructure

Rehabilitation

and Maintenance

A1. Port Pier Condition Survey and Maintenance

of SepangarBayOilTerminal,

KotaKinabalu....

...1

A2. Rehabilitation and Rearrangement

of

the Old Insurance

Buildingin

OmarAlmuktarStreet

Benghazi-Libya.

...11

43.

Retrofitting of School Building to protect school

children

fromEarthquake..

...19

,A.4. Rehabilitation of Buildings in The City of Manokwari

and Samarinda Indonesia..

..

...25

A5. Deformation Behavior of Main Dike of Sidoarjo Mud

volcano...

...31

B. Advanced Technology on

Building

and

Infrastructure

Rehabilitation

Technique

B 1. Cunent Practices on Cement Rendering in

Australia

. ... ...39 83. comparison BetweenZd and 3d computer Modeling for Frexural

Rehabilitation of Steel structures with

Hm-cfrp

and steer

sheet.

...49

B12. Numerical Study on rhe Effects of Hm-Cfrp End Cutting

Shapes for Flexural Rehabilitation of Steel

Structtres..

...58

B 13. Introduction

of

Repairing and Joining Methods for Simply-Supported

Prestressed Bridges Using

Link

Slab.

....

...66

814. Utilization of Fibre Admixture in Improving the Geotechnical Properties

of Volcanic

Soil....

...74

C. Assessment of

building

and

infrastructure

performance

Cl.

Box Beams Subjected to Combined Load, Snapping and Strengthening

byExternalPrestressing...

...81

C2.

A

Comparative Study of Models for Confinement of Concrete

by Welded Wire

Mesh

. .. . .. . ..90

C5.

A

Study of Fiber Contribution to Generate

Ductility

of Lightweight

Concrete...

...101

C7. The Influence of Roughness Base Apron Toward the

Icngth

of

Hydraulic

Jump.

...109

C9. Durability

of

Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Panel

for Modular Housing Consruction.. .

...

...119

Cl

l.

Reconstruction of Reinforcement Modelling for Prevent the Early Failure

of

Deep Beam Reinforced

Concrete.

. ....127

Cl4.Influence

of Confinement Modifications on

Axial

Capacity

of

Reinforced Concrete

Column.

_.. . .. .

.I45

c15. strenght Assessement of a Heritage Brick Masonry school

Building

AgainstEarthquake

...151

Cl6.

_{Plastic Shrinkage Crack Analysis in One Way Reinforced Concrete Slabs ;}

Artificial

Neural Network

(ANNs).

...163

C19. Comparison

of

the New Zipper Brace System Behavior

with

Inverted V-Brace in Elastic Z.ane in Simple Steel Frames Using the Finite Element Method...168

D. Assessment of

Building

and

Infrastructure

Performance Related to

Nafural Hazard

D1. Earthquake

Vulnerabilityof

Residential Houses in Yogyakarta

City.

...I75

D3. Seismic Evaluation with Pushover Analysis on Assesment of 7-Story

InegularBuilding....

...183

D4. Influence of Reinforced Concrete Column Section Dimensions

on Pushover Capacity of 4-Story School

Building.

...190

D6. Fire Resistance Requirement in Medium Size Room

Study the Effect of Ventilation Scenarios and Compartment

Boundaries

...198 E. Smart

Material for

Building

and

Infrastructures Repair (Including

Material

Development

for

Building

and

Infrastructures)

El.

The Potentials of Geopolymer for Rapid-Set High-Strength Cement

in Concrete

Repair.

...204

EL.TheAdvantage

of

Nylon Mesh for Beam Confinement Smart Material

for Beam

Repair.

""""208

B[.

The Influence of Accelerator Content against Shotcrete Compressive Strengttr,

Absorption and Porosity as Structure

Reinforcement.

"

'213 E5. Resistance to Chloride Penetration of Blended Concrete Containing

Rice Husk Ash:

A

Review...

""""'2I8

E6. Study Of Using Lime And Recycled Asphalt Pavement In Stabilizing Soil... ---...225

E8. Beach Sand in

Mortar...

""230

E10. Effects of

AntiOxidants

on Ageing of Asphalt Cement and

Mixes.

-,240

El1.

Evaluation of Porous Asphalt

Mix

Properties Subjected to

Ageing

...247

El4.

Different Methods of Cruing in Concrete Technology, Maintenance

and

Strengthen...

"

"252

E15. Different Percentage of Bagass and Hair of Goat in Concrete Slab Application,

PSC Reduction and

Strengthen.

""257

E16. The Behavior of Clay

Brick

Masonry Wall with Glass Fiber

Reinforced Polymer

Strengthening...

"

'262 E17. Use of Flowable High Strength Mortar as a Repair Material

:.

F.

Buitding

and

Infrastructure

Damage Assessment

Fl.

The Damage Assessment of Weirs Along the 10-km Reach of River Tanggek

and The Proposed Rehabilitation

Method.

...286

F2. Structural Damage Assessment of a Shear Building under

Earthquake

Excitations

...296

F3. Damage Detection of Frame

Structures.

....302

F4.

A

Case Study of Structural Assessment of Steel Stnrcnre Subjected to Differential Settlement of Foundation.

G.

Building

and

Infrastructure

Maintenance Strategy

Gl.

Analysis of Faulty Designs Causing Construction Defects on Public School Building in lndonesia and Its Relationships

with Rehabilitation

Priorities.

...321

G3. Maintenance Strategy:

A

Case Study in the Defect Types

and Maintenance Management System of Hostel

Buildings.

....330 G4. Effect

of

Decentralisation on Maintenance Road Ranking Criteria

at Badung Regency of

Bali.

...340

G5. Evaluation

of

Decentralized Communal Wastewater Treatment in Yogyakarta...346 H. Testing and Inspection

Hl

. The Measurement of Water Content of GranulerSoil Using

A

Gypsum Block. . . ..355

H2. The Benefit

If

Gypsum Block for Measuring Soil Water

Content.

...359 H3. Karst Material Characteristics and Geotechnical Assessment on Construction

of Bribin Underground River

Barrag.

...366

H4. Hydraulic Fracturing Test on the Clay Core of

Rockfill

Dam

on Various Fine Contents..

..

...374

J. Management on

Building

and

Infrastructure

Maintenance

Jl.

A

Study on _Quality Cost Awareness in

Civil

Engineering Rehabilihation and

Maintenance Programmes

(A

Case Study on Malaysia Construction Industry)...382

J2. Preliminary Study on Building Maintenance and Operation Contract..

...

....391

J4.

Minimizing

Water

Deficit

Using Three Risk Indices on Existing Irrigation Water

Management...

...401

J6. The Farmer's Participation in the Maintenance of Inigation

Network

to Support the Sustainability

of

the lrrigation System (Case Study in The Irrigation Area

of

Bondoyudo)...

...407

J7. Highway Maintenance:

A

Case Study in the Defect Types and Maintenance

K. Building

and

Infrastructure

Service

Life Modeling

Kl.

Service

Life

Prediction of Partial Pre-stressed Concrete Structures in a Marine

Environment

....423

K3. Quantifying the Reliability of Limited Site lnvestigations on the Design of Pile

Foundations...

...430

N.

Code on

Building

and

Infrastructure

Rehabilitation

and Maintenance

Nl.

A National Standard for Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings

Why We Do Not Have It To

Date?...

...438

O.

Other

Swot Analysis of Small Scale Contractor:

A

Surakarta Case

Study

...448

II\IVITED

SPBAKERS

Repair of Architectural Concrete And Concrete Monuments : Harald S.

Miiller,

EdgarBohner

&

Michael

Voge1...

...452

Assessment and Repair/Strengthening of

A

Settlement Damaged Office

Building

:

ld lntematlonal Contercnca on Fehabllltatlon and Malntenance In Clvlt Englnecrlng (|CRMCE)

Solo,21.22 March 2mO

ISBN No.979,4984574

THE INFLUENCE OF

ROUGHNESS

BASE APRON TOWARD

THE LENGTH

OF

HYDRAULIC JUMP

Cahyono'lkhsan

r),solichin

2)

Civil Engineering Dept, Sebetas Maret lJniversityl)

E m a i t : ca hv o n o L97.! _? va.h.oo -?

? rll . _ _ ^ 2 )

Civil Engineering Dept, Sebelas Maret Universi1r Email : sol'tchin-S73l 3 @yahoo'com

Abstract

The important thing that should be noted in planning a design of spillway building is erosion

that happens in the bottom of spillway becausl of ttreihydrautic lump' To avoid this' commonly

in the downstream of aam is eiuipped by apron. However, rarely the apron is lgsigned P holg the total length of hydru"fi":ttitpd""auie ii needs a very big cost' Therefore' it is a need to set

a jump contol equipment , ifti.tt

it

used to shorten the intervals between jumps' This research

was trying to study the characteristics of hydraulic jump happening above the apron, which has a roughness uur",

op."i"tiy

"uout the hyhraulic

jirmp and Lnogy reduction.The method that

was used in this research was laborato.y

"^p"ti-In"ntul by using

a flume to make the flow circularion.

To

raise tfre fryarautic jump, ihere was

a

spillway model

in

which-

in

its

downstream *as equipp-ed uy

"pton.

ttt"

bur" of the

apron was covered by the roughness

elements with

its threl

form variations, which were ion*tant triangle prisms' -balls and

d;lt-.C"n"lusion

from me anatysis that the using of the roughness element was effective to

shorten the length of fryAruufic jump anO the red'uction of energy' The using of roughness element in form ot"onrlrrt

ri*ir"

piir*,

the most effective to shorten the length of hydraulic jump and reduction

oi"n"rgy

-*tti"tt

*".

2123%. This was based on that the roughness

element in form or

"or,rtuJ"ttiangle

prisms has the biggest roughness parameter value (k)' which is 0.08630.

Keyword: apron, hydraulic jump, roughness parameter

1.

BACKGROUND

Flow

denaturing

fiom flow

superkritis

becomes

flow

subkritis

to

cause

the

happening of hydraulic jump. This condition

ot."d:n

met

at leg

PelimPah

because

transformation of dip of passage basis that is sudden.

The

happening

of

hydraulic jump always is accompanied with turbulensi which is hign, dynamiC speed and the increasing

of

watei eOdy causing causes the happening

of

erosion

oi

grinder alongside place

of

the happening

oi

hop' To prevent the happening of-grinder resulted from

by

hydraulic

jYtp'

utu-utly

in

going

downstream pelimpah is equiped [bY] coven floor or aPron

This

research

aim

to

know how

influence

form and roughness height (k) apron basis to

hydraulic

jump

length and kehilanpnan

of

dissociation

energy

of

diatomic

is

gone

downstream

tbyl

pelimpah'

This

elite

expected earns

ii

of

benefit to expansion

of

theory

in

hydraulics area

especiilly

about hydraulic jump and can give consideration in exploiting

of

hydraulic

jump

as dissociatlon

"n"rgy

o1 diatomic absorber causing

is

got solut-ibn

of

making

of

efficient and effective

dissociation

energy

of

diatomic

absorber

building

Ranga Raju

(

1986) phrases big head at part

of pate;upstream pelimpah yields.big speed (

in ionsequence

of flow

superkritis) acurate under thsbuilding. While flow part of

it

(the downstream becomes

flow

subkritis because

sloping

dip

in

passage

basis

hereinafter'

t r hterndhn4f GoqtFwrcg..pn Refiaburdbn

anC:lldoHrange In QlvllrElt€f nerlng' QGRTGE) qeb, _{2l'U March ?00e}

IS-BN N9..97H98{57'4

Losing

of

head can be because

of

boundary

friction

(

boundary

friction) and

f,orm resistance ( form resistance).

Utomo

(

20M)

performs

[a]

research about

usage effectivity

of

stilling basin type

fV

in damping excessive dissociation energy

of

diatomic at part of downstream with addition

of baffle piers bobrbentuk always with three

kinds

of

surface shape bebeda. Result

of

research shows

baffle piers

with form

of

basin

is

which

most effective

in

lessening

hydraulic

jump

length,

yields

olakan and

breaks biggest

dissociation

energy

of

diatomic.

Hager

(

1992) phrases

if

element pengotrol like baffleblock ( collision tooth) outspread is

of all

tbyl

passage

basis place

of

the

happening

ef

hop, hence reference the thing

can a hydraulic jumphappened is on the basis

of passage with element of roughness

Flow Discard

Number

of

fluids flowing

through cross-section of flow every one set of time called as

flow debit is given [by] notation Q. Charged

flow

mgasured

in

fluid

volume every set

of

time, Inveterate

unit is

used

iq

practice is meter cubic per second ( m /s) or other unit (

liter/detih liter/menit etcetera).

In ideal

fluid

where not happened friction

of

speed of flow V is same is _{every [by] point} at

cross-section. For nantre passage like regulus, speed

of flow

is

calculated based on plane speed

-

plane taken away

from

by

real

kecepata profile.

Open Channel.

Open

flow

hardly

influenced

by

ground

aCceleration

of

gravity, on that account flow characteristics at open jetting can be studied

by

the way

of

comparing inertia force with

gravitational

force

working

for

the

flow'

-omparison between both this forces called

as Bilangan Froude ( Fr) and expressed with:

: Number Froude'

: Flow mean velocity

: Gravitational force

: Depth hidraulik

Hydraulic jump

Hydraulic

jump

happened

in

the

event

of

transformation

of flow

super-kritis becomes

flow

sub-kritis. Condition

of

like

this often

met in

passage

basis

experiencing transformation

of

dip

suddenly

like

the one

happened at leg a pelimpah. Hydraulic jump would always

in

following turbulensi which is high, dynamic speed and the increasing

of

water eddy.

In Chow

(

1989) mentioned that a hydraulic

jump

will

be formed

at

passage

if

number

froude

flow

(

Fr),

depth upriver hop

d

and

depth

in

going downstream

d

hop

to

fulfill

equation of continuitY following

,-L=

Vdt+8Fr2

-r)

...(z)

d" / L'

Energy

loss

Energy loss at hydraulic

jump is

difference

between

specific

energies

happened at

hydraulic

jump staninf

points

(

El)

and

hydraulic jump end point

(

E2). Simply can be formulated as follows:

gp=(d,

,

d,)t

...(3)

4di2

Roughness

Parameter

Rajaritnam

introduces

high

formula

of

roughness ( k) that is

k=k,

/dr

k,

: High equivalen of roughness

d

|

: DePth aPProach to element

of

roughness

Figurel. Hidraulik Jump In Rugged Passage Basis

Pr=l

,l

sd

(1)

Fr v

g

d

ld lntematlona! Conlerunce on Rehabllltatlon and llalntonance In Clvll Englnerlng 0CRllCE)

src/,o,21-2. March2009

ISBN No.979{98457-4

d2

dL

If

d2ldr was function of from value Froude (

Fr)

hence

value

k

can

be

searched with equation of continuity

=

Fr +0,41(Fr

-

1)exp(-6k)

...(4)

2.

RESEARCH

METHODOLOGIES

In this research applied method eksperimental

that

is

by

the

way

of

performing

[a]

experiment

activity

in

laboraturium

to

get data wanted. After performing [a] activity

of

eksperimental

then

data result

of

the

experiment diolah for then is done analysis to result of eksperimental.

In

skematis research

path as seen at Fig.2.

Executidn of Assaying at model is done with

measuring

water

face

height

upriver

hydraulic

jump

(

d

),

water face height in going dpwnstream hydraulic jump

(

d

)

and

hydraulic jump length (

Irvator

skapula). To

be more sharpness presented in Fig. 3

1r

hrndonC

Conblucaoo

f,#|lra$on

and llalntenmcsln GMI Englneelng {CRMCE)

W,21-2. March2009

ISBN No.379-49&457{ .

reparation

Sffib.tefiP-D of measuring Q

Series assayins

IIg'

I[a'

IIE ; lettng et f rewod( with

eplon aPPlies roughness

Se ries assaying

I:

Data

1gti3yal*t

d,

d,

and

t

Data rettieval

'

dr

di

darr

,L

Celculates Debit

(ff,

Fr

fu

d.t.,,''p

gEIgs^;$*.,{U.

ud'and

Mrkrs

greph ntation betnreen

d.t".*.C

*ifr

d^-. .and(ltithd-td.

Caf cufater

IJd 2&fi

HLId I

Makes graph

elaton

betnreen f*r**$ti,hJ'/d" and

d,/d,

v'it]'l.

HUd,

fuf

[image:11.542.44.470.64.671.2]

"L"t

dJd),

graph _{IJdaQAfl''HUdl}the relalion of k raith

Figure 2. Research Flow Diagram

L

dt

Execution Scheme of Research

dz

Figure 3.

idtntematlonalconf eronc!onRehqb-lllltloil

"no

riiiit"iiii"'m

crtrr _{Enelneerlns $.cRl'igFl}

5olo,21'22 March 20o9

ISBN No.979-{98-{574

3.

ANALYSIS AND SOLUTION

3.

1

Result Of Calibration

of

Measuring Instrument of

Debit'

l

Calibration of measuring instrument _^of Debit

it

Aon" by comparing debit result of read at hvdraulic bench with debit result of gaugmg

;iil;;;ting

it

obtained an equation of

.""ii""iry

whici

applicable to calculate level

of

debit closing truth' First pace

l:

assume

ittui

guuging

Jr

o"uit

at

flume

by

ustng

;;;a;d

"l'tino"t

is

correctness' Because

water

accornodated measurable

of

its(the

volume causing

is

assumed correctness'

*frit"

."uturin!

instrument

is

charging at

r,nit"tri"

unknJwn bench are there damlee

;*;;;.- D;"

and result

of

calculation calibration

of

measuring instrument

of

debit

presented at Tabel 1'

of instrumen! o:!!9!!!

Tablel.Data@

bration 0.9 8 0.9 6 0.0017 7 0.0018 5 8.6 10 5.55 5.55 5.81

1.8 2 1.8 0 1.6 o 0.99 1.8 o 1.09 1.1 0 1.1 0 0.0016 7 0.0016 4

8.5 10 5.81 6.32 5.81

1.8 0 1.8 0 1.8 ,) 1.10 1.1 0 1.1 2 0.0015 8 0.0016 3

8.4 10 6.84 6.06 6.06 1.8 0 1.8 0 1.8 2 1.8 4 1.19 t.20 1.1 :) 1.1 6 0.0015 2 0.0015 1 8.3 10 6.84 6.04 6.84

1.8 4

t.2

5 r.2 5 0.0014 3 0.0014 8

8.2 10 6.58 7.O9 '7.35 1.8 2 1.8 2 1.8 2 1.8 2 r.25

t.2

5 1.4 5 0.0013 6 0.0013 7

8.1

t0

7.35 7.35 7.35 1.8

0

l.u

0 1.8

I

1.8

0l

2 t.45

t.4

5 1.4 5 0.0012 3 0.0012 5

8.0

ro

|

7.37 8.38 8.64

L6 2 1.8 2 1.8 2 1.61 1.4 5 1.4

)

0.0011 3 0.0012

I

7.9

r0

I

8.64 8.90 8.90

1.6 2 1.8 ?, 1.61 1.6 5 1.6 5 0.0010 5 0.0011 1

7.i lrolg'+t

9.4r 9.67

1d tntematlonal Conferencs on Rehabllltatlon and Malntenance In Clvll Englneerlng QCRMCE)

Solo,21-22 March 2009

ISBN No. .979{98-4574

Result of calculation at Tabel 1 presented in

the form of graPh like at Fig. 4.

o(mo

o(xllt

!

oor

t

o0t1

E, oor2

omlo oqrn

".(In omlo oqrt2 Gd)14 (Idn6

(Id)18 oq},l)

QHTbottc Bcnch (llld)

figo""

-

4. Graph Result Of Calibration of

Measwing Instrument of Debit

beginning of hop ( d ) and depth in hop final

(

d

I

fufnffs Persamaan

(

23)' To know the conOdon hence need to be searched value d

with data input d and Fr kedalam Persamaan

(

if).

n"tuit of

calculation

d

hereinafter in

comparing

to

value

d

result

of

gauging to know itsdhe correlation' Result of calculation

tf,""

it

presented in the form

of

graph relation

between d _z{ni*ns1 with

d

rrurr, at Fig' 5

Fie. 4 showing relation between debit result

oi?oO

at hyJraulic bench with measurable

a"Ui, u, flume. Second connection charged

the

is

linear,

this

thing

shows measurlng

inr*rn"n

of

debit

to

hydraulic

bench

applicable to measure

flow

debit happened'

ljii"*

equation

of

a line

Y

=

0'919X + 0,-000,

b.ruut"

axis of the ordinate as debit

trupp"*O at flume, and axis of the abscis as

i"liri"turt

of gauging of deviceat hydraulic Uenctr hence

-the

equation

of

continutty

;;;;;t

Q

=

0,91e

x

Q

+

o'ooo2' At

lui*iution-rt"t"inafter, flow

debit

!ryn"1"0

ai

countaUte flume

by

entering debit value reaa UV device

at

hydraulic bench

to

the equation of continuitY'

3.2 Running Model

3.2.1

Series

I

S"ti

f

tnat

is flow

applies apron

- without

element of roughness' To know level ot rtow

["Uii"t

flume,-beforehand is measured debit

;; ;

hYdraulic

bench'

Flow debit

at

lnAtuufi.

Uenctr

(

Q

)

gotten by comparing

Uetween water volumes

with

the

duratton

ir"onnuirr*te

time ( VoUt)' I-evel Of Flow JeUit

at

flume

(

Q)

obtained

by

entering

value

Q

kedalam

iquation

of

continuity

;;;

-frorn

calibration

of

measuring

inr*t"n

of debit that is Q =

0919

I

Q

*

6:ooot.

By

using water depth data.

in

the

*glitr"I

fr

nopi

dr ₎ resuli of gauging and

qil"liir

"alcuiot-iott,

countable level

of

fL;

tpt"d ( V

)

and Froude number

(

Fr) beginning of hoP.

il"tnyitoulic

jumP

will-be

joT:o

*

[image:13.546.263.475.90.724.2]

;;age

if

Froudi number ( Fr)' dePth in the

Figure 5. GraPhs relation between

[image:13.546.33.228.112.281.2]

d _zeitunil with d _r,urr,

Figure.5.

indicating that relation between

dl*^u

with d

rr*,,

has correlation value

(

n

)

u."of

good that is 0'9875' This-thing is

Lenuniukan

that

data

yielded ^

{:".'

;iluj,*

_-p"tiu*oun -Seri

I

in

laboraturium

fulfills

( 23). To know relation between

dzldt

with Q

hence result

of

calculation

ufro

i,

Presented

in

the form

of

graPh relation between Q with d /d '

c) 75 I !

{

m 65

Ft2 _{= 0,9875}

65 _{^ o""""o} 15

9

a

s

to

@betweenflowdebit(

Q) with

dz/dl

Fie.

6

that ever greater charged

flow

(

Q)

;"il ;;lt"

J

ia

*outd

smaller' .Value

;;;;t

J"uit

t

Q)

and water dePth

il

loP

;fi;ii

Jiu,

u'*ving

of

series

I

"p!tl:9,-"'

l;;;";

criterion

at

break even assayrng

hereinafter

1n Intematlonal Confettnce on Rehabllttatlon

"no li'aini"nance

ln ctvtl Englneerlng _1t-cR.MgFl

5olo.21-22 March 2o09

ISBN No'979-498-457'4

3.2.2

Series

II

in"

Rstaying

of

Series

tr

that is pangaliran

ofpfi".

aproi

equiped

with by

element of

tiigrtn"tt.

Assaying

of

Series

II

is

consisted:

essaying of Series

IIA

: applies element

of

roughn"it of triangular prism always'

e*?vi"g

of

SerieJIIB

: applies element

of

roughness gravel.

n*?vi"g

oT Series

IIC

: applies element

of

spheres roughness.

3.2.3

llydraulic jump

LelSth-{lalysis

.

Hop length data from result of this assaymg

"*p."tt"?

in

a

graph,

with

Froude-number

abicissa

(

Fr)

and

its

the

ordinate

is

airn"ntioni"ss

ratio

of

IJdz

'

Result

of

calculation is presented in the form of graph relation between Fr with Ud2like

Assaying of Series

II

yields value d. which.is

r*uii"t

lompared to at this Pengujian Seri

I

Hal in

because

at

Pengujian Seri

II

water

no*ing

from pelimpah direct to

fill

basin ( dale) formed by element

of

roughness' as a

i"tuit

uutu"

d

smaller causing yields value

stretch

Fr

larger

ones

compared

to

at

Pengujian Seri I.

3.2.4

EnergY loss AnalYsis

nn"tgy

loss

-at

hydraulic jump-

(

HL) .oun-aUt" based

on

difference

of

specific energy between starting pointses and hop

"nO

i6in,.

Result of calculation of each

jetting series presented in the form of graph

;;i;;i;t

between

HIJdI

with

dz

/dr

like at Fig.

8,9,

10

45 _I

I

4.0 J

J.) '

i"

-Jt.u ,5 2!

11

82=0.709

tu

E-N

r _ff=0'6101

A

3.0

43

5.0

60

ki

&0 e0

100 I

O Sai | (lj;in) r Sai h ierismal o Sod lb (Grad)

o S€d llc (8d+bda)

within 15 daYs evaluation Period'

25,O

20,o l5,o

q

i

r0,o

5'O

0'o

V = 31?21r'13.24 /''

----T

F

4.o 6,0 8'O lo'o t

dzldt

Fisure 8. Graphs relation between HUd with

-

d /d atPengujian Seri Iia

25p

20.o

- l5.O

!

rop

5.o

Y ' 2'7@9\'11'12

-

--4 t @t'' oo

6,0 I'O lo'o &/dt

flg"*

fO. Graph relation between HI-/dt with d2 /d1 at Pengujian Seri II c

Fig.

7

indicating that element

of

roughness

,o"p*guiion sJri

u

either Seri

IIa'

IIB

and

"fr"

nJdon

rut

short

hydraulic jump

$gP'

This thing

is

knowable

from

value

lJo

'

*tt"t

,rn'ott"t value

lJd

hence hydraulic

iuto

ftn*ft

increasingly dwarf' However.all

i"etfttion

curve formed from graph relatton

;;i;;;;F

and

t/d

has correlation value ( R

i-

"

*"f

small

(

less

than 0'85)'

This

.onOi

ion

indicates

that

hydraulic

jltp

i""g,ii

Oirfi"ult to be determined with visual

i""i*uitt*ce.

element of Roughness is in

ln"

fot

of

triangular prism always most

effective

in

cutting

short hydraulic. lump length

(

Levator skapula) because navlng value L/dz smallest '

dz /dr at Pengujian Seri II b

[image:14.540.55.255.317.504.2]

ld lntematlona! Conterence on Rehabllitation and Malntenance In Clvll Englneering (ICRMCE)

Solo,21-22 March 20og ISBN No. .97$498-457-4

Graph relation between HL/dr with dz /dr at

all of

assaying series yields linear equation

of

continuity and regression curve gradient

as follows:

Table

2.

linear Equation

Of

Continuities and

regression curve gradient

at'

graph relation

Result of calculation value k ploted at graph, with axis of the abscis as d /d and axis of the

ordinate

as value

k,

causing

is

obtained graph like like at Fig. 11, 12, 13

Table

39

indicating

that

element

of

roughness is in the form of triangular prism

always

most

effective

in

damPing dissociation energy

of

diatomic' This thing from biggest linear regression curve gradient value.

Gvel

percentage

of

damping

of

dissociation energy

of

diatomic

at

apron applies element of roughness compared to at [image:15.549.278.478.119.540.2]

upion without

element

of

roughness (

Figure 11. Graphs relation between k with d2 /d1

at Pengujian Seri IIa ( triangular prism roughness)

4.O 6.0 a'o loo

dz/dt

Figure 12. Graphs relation between k with dz /dr at Pengujia-n Seri IIb ( roughness gravel)

4,O 6.0 8'O lo'o

dz/dt smooth) countable as follows

Vo

damping

of

dissociation

diatomic at

IIa

_=21,23 Vo

Vo

damping

of

dissociation

diatomic at

IIb

=

15,51 Vo

Vo

damPing

of

dissociation diatomic at

IIc

₌ 8,33 Vo

Figure 13. Graphs relation between k with dz /dr

at Pengujian Seri IIc ( spheres roughness)

In general graph relation betwee4 between

k

wifi

az

/d

menunjukan

that

bver greater

orr"rr"d

d2

t$

hence value

k

also ever sreater. Remembers value dz

/dr

which is

Eult

g."*"t

shows

flow

debit value that is smaltEr

(

like

shown

to

Gambar 43) hence

uufu"

f

-

would

be

ever

greater

if

small relative flow debit.

To look for cupola line ( trendline) at.graph

,"iution between

k

with

d

/d

at assaying

of

-S;;in

is applied [by] approach of logarithm

curve. Based

on

perhitungnan applles

piogt"t

Microsoft Office Excel is obtained

energy of

energy of

energy of

Element

of

Roughness

is

in

the

form

of

triangular

prism

always

can

dam.n fl9w

disso-ciation energy of diatomic equal to that

is

21,23 Vo compared

to

without

using element of roughness

3.2.5 Roughness Parameter Analysis ( k)

If

dz

/dr

was function

of

from

Froude

nutb",

( Fr) hence value k can be searched

with equation of continuitY:

)

uz

= Fr

+

o,4!(Fr-

l)

exP(-6k)

dr

=2,5754x

=2,7899x

tr.I22

[image:15.549.52.262.142.661.2] [image:15.549.50.259.156.369.2]

ld lntematlonal Conlerence on Rehabllltallon and Maintenance In Clvll Englneerlng (CRMCE)

Solo,21-22 March 2009

ISBN No.979.498.457-4

Tabel

3.

Persamaan graph logarithm curve relation between

k

with d /d at assaying Seri

y _{= 0,1} l96ln(x)

-

0,1624 y = 0,0973ln(x)

-

0,1360

tbyl

logarithm

curve

with

equation

of

continuity of like presented at tables of 311.

Value k at each element of roughness can be

searched

by

entering value d2

/dr

kedalam equation of continuity of logarithm curve.

Following presented example

of

calculation

value

k

at

each element

of

roughness to

assess

(dzldr)=8'

Value

k

at

element

of

triangular prism roughnes

=

0,1 196Ln(8)

-

0,1624 = 0,08630 Value k at element of roughness gravel

=0,O973Ln(8)-0,1360

=0,06632

Value

k

at element

of

spheres roughness = 0,0515Ln(8)

-0,0771

=O'02999 Result of perhitungna is upper indicating that element of roughness of triangular prism has

biggest

k

value

that

is

0,08630'

But

logarithm curve at element

of

roughness

of

tri-angular prism has correlation value

(

R2 ) smali that is 0,8447. This thing is caused by at element

of

roughness

of

triangular prism happened turbulensi

which

is

big so

that

difficult to determine depth is initial by hop (

dr ).

Relation between value

k

with

value l-ldzandvisible HI-/dr

atFig

14 and 15

4.O

3.5

$

a.o

a<

LO

o.0o o.o5

ft 0'lo 0 l

a S€ri lla (Pdsma Ssgltlga) o Sed ltb (GEEI) o S€rl llc

a-f

Z-_^_

-o^H

o"

^ [image:16.543.265.463.48.182.2]

{or

t

Figure 15. Graphs relation between k with HU d1

After all

data ploted

at

graph, then pulled

linear

regression

curve.

Drawing

310

indicating

that

is

ever

greater assessed

k

value L/dz smaller meaning length hidraulik

hop increasingly dwarf,

while

Gambar 311

menunjukan that ever greater assessed k ever greater

HL/dr

value

meaning damping

of

ever greater dissociation energy of diatomic.

4. CONCLUSION

AI\D

RECOMMENDATION

4.1. Conclusion

Based on data analysis and solution, can be

taken conclusion as follows:

1.

Result

of

calibration

of

measuring instrument

of

debit indicates that relation between debit result

of

read at hydraulic bench with measurable debit at flume has

linear equation

of a

line

Y

=

0819X

+

0,0002 with correlation value ( R2 ₎ a real

good

that

is

0,9816.

This

thing

means

measuring instrument

of

debit

at

hydraulic bench applicable

to

measure

flow debit.

2.

The

hYdraulic

jumP

length

with

comparison

ratio

value

of

Udz

which smailer and can damp bigger dissociation energy

of

diatomic ditunjukan with value

IilJdr

larger ones. Elamen roughness is in the form of triangular prism always most effective

in

cutting short hydraulic jump length and damps dissociation energy

of

diatomic 21,23 bigger Vo.

3.

Level

of

value

k

for

each element

of

roughness can

be

searched

by

entering

value

d2 ldt

kedalam equation

of

continuity as follows:

[image:16.543.39.247.143.265.2]

assi tla (Prisma Segiliga) o Seri llb (Gratd) o Sed lh

figure 14. Graphs relation between k with Udz

[image:16.543.40.247.603.704.2]

ld lntematlonal Conference on Rehabllltatlon and Malntenance In Clvll Englneerlng (ICRMCE)

Solo,21-22 March 2009

ISBN No. .979-498'457'4

Seri IIa (hisma segitiga) _{Y =} 0,1 l96ln(x)

-o,l6vl

Seri trb (gravel) _{y =} 0,0973ln(x)

-0.1360

Seri trc (bola-bola) _{y =} 0,0515ln(x)

-o.o77l

5.

Negm,

A.M, 2W1

OPtimnl Raushened

Izngth

of

Prismatic Stillinp

Basins' Conferences

ICI{E

Articles,

Warsawa Poland

6. Raju,

K.G'R.,

1986,

Aliran

MeIaIui

Saluran Terbuka, Erlangga, Jakarta

7.

Sosrodarsono, S. dan Takeda,

K,

1977'

Bendungan TYPe lJrugan,

PradnYa

Paramita, Jakarta

8.

Triatmodjo Bambang, 1993, Hidrolika

II'

Beta Offset, YogYakarta

9.

Utomo,

B.W.T,

2O04, Pengaruh Bentuk dan Letak Buffle Piers Menerus Terhad'ap

Paniang'

Loncat

Air,

Skripsi'

Jurusan

Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas

Sebelas Maret, Surakarta

lO.Veraineta,

D.H,

2004,

Pengaruh

Kekasaran

Dasar

Saluran

TerhadaP

Kecepatan

Aliran'

Pad'a

Model

Saluran Terbuka, Skripsi, Jurusan

Teknik

Sipil

Fakultas

Teknik

Universitas

Sebelas

Maret, Surakarta Element of Roughness of triangular prism

has biggest roughness parameter that is 0,08630 for dz _{/dr =} 8.

4.

Ever greater assessed

k

hence value L/dz

would

smaller

meaning

hoP

length

increasinglY

dwarf,

sedangakan

is

assessing

HIJdr

would be

ever greater

meaning damPing

of

ever

greater

dissociation energy of diatomic'

4.2. Recommendation

This

research

has

some

things

requiring attention that at the next research is got [by]

better result, therefore

at this

opportunity compiler gives suggestion some suggestions

as follows:

1.

Be

better

if

research hereinafter applies open channel model with scale larger ones to

glt

result which more closing is field state'

L

N""Ot

existence

of

further

research to

know

distance influence between element

gibbosities of roughness to hop length'.

i.

NoOt

existence

of

further research with

modelling scale

that

result

of

research in laboratory earns in application in field'

5. REFERENCE

1.

Atmaja,

I.T.,

2003, Efektivita,s

-Ukuran Blok Halang pada Kolatn Olak Type IV'

Skripsi, Juruian

Teknik Sipil

Fakultas

Teknik

Universitas Sebelas

Maret'

Surakarta

2. Chow,V.T.,

lgg2,

Hirolika

Saluran Te rbuka, Erlangga, Jakarta

3.

Hager,

W.H.,

1992,

Energy

Dissipators

And Hyd'raulic Jutnp, Kluwer Academic

Publ ishers, Netherlands

4.

Hinge,

G.A.

and

B'K'

Awaghade'

- -

' Reduction

In

l*ngth

of

Stilling Basin by Provid.ing Depression

in

The Horizontal Aprbn