Informasi Dokumen
- Penulis:
- Wolfgang Rankl
- Wolfgang Effing
- Pengajar:
- Kenneth Cox, Technical Translations
- Sekolah: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Mata Pelajaran: Smart Cards
- Topik: Smart Card Handbook: Fourth Edition
- Tipe: handbook
- Tahun: 2010
- Kota: Chichester
Ringkasan Dokumen
I. Introduction
The introduction of the Smart Card Handbook sets the stage for understanding the evolution and significance of smart card technology. It highlights the historical context, tracing the development of smart cards from their inception to the present, emphasizing their integration into various sectors such as finance, telecommunications, and healthcare. This section outlines the purpose of the handbook, which is to serve as a comprehensive guide for professionals and researchers in the field, providing insights into the technical specifications, applications, and future trends of smart cards.
1.1 The history of smart cards
This subsection delves into the origins of smart card technology, detailing key milestones in its development. It discusses the transition from magnetic stripe cards to smart cards equipped with microcontrollers, which enable enhanced security and functionality. The historical overview underscores the rapid advancements in smart card technology and its increasing relevance in modern digital transactions, paving the way for a wide range of applications across different industries.
1.2 Card types and applications
This section categorizes various types of smart cards, including memory cards, processor cards, and contactless cards. It provides an overview of their specific applications, such as identification, payment systems, and access control. The distinctions between card types are crucial for understanding their respective functionalities and use cases, demonstrating how different smart card technologies cater to diverse operational needs.
1.3 Standardization
Standardization is a pivotal aspect of smart card technology, ensuring interoperability among various systems and devices. This subsection outlines key standards such as ISO/IEC 7816, which governs the physical characteristics and communication protocols of smart cards. The significance of these standards lies in their role in facilitating global acceptance and implementation of smart card systems, thereby enhancing security and user convenience.
II. Card Types
This section provides an in-depth examination of different card types used in smart card technology. It categorizes cards based on their physical and operational characteristics, including embossed cards, magnetic-stripe cards, and various types of smart cards. Each category is explored in detail, highlighting its unique features, advantages, and typical applications. This classification is essential for professionals to select the appropriate card type for specific use cases, ensuring optimal performance and security.
2.1 Embossed cards
Embossed cards, commonly used for identification and payment, feature raised characters that provide tactile feedback. This subsection discusses their traditional use in credit and debit cards, emphasizing their durability and ease of use. The design and manufacturing processes of embossed cards are also outlined, showcasing their relevance in sectors where physical card presentation is required.
2.2 Magnetic-stripe cards
Magnetic-stripe cards utilize a magnetic stripe to store data, allowing for quick access and processing at point-of-sale terminals. This subsection explains the technology behind magnetic stripes, including the encoding of information and the security measures in place to protect against fraud. The continued use of magnetic-stripe cards in conjunction with smart card technology illustrates the transition phase in payment systems.
2.3 Smart cards
Smart cards are at the forefront of modern payment and identification solutions, equipped with embedded microcontrollers that enable secure data storage and processing. This subsection categorizes smart cards into memory cards, contactless memory cards, processor cards, and contactless processor cards, detailing their unique features and applications. The versatility of smart cards makes them suitable for various sectors, including finance, healthcare, and transportation.
III. Physical Properties
The physical properties of smart cards are crucial for their functionality and durability. This section discusses the various formats and materials used in card production, including the dimensions and physical characteristics that comply with international standards. Understanding these properties is essential for manufacturers and users alike, as they impact the card's performance, security features, and overall usability in different environments.
3.1 Card formats
Card formats refer to the physical dimensions and shapes of smart cards, which are standardized to ensure compatibility with card readers and terminals. This subsection outlines the various formats, including ID-1, ID-2, and ID-3, and their respective applications. The significance of adhering to these formats is emphasized, as it affects the card's integration into existing systems and user acceptance.
3.2 Contact field
The contact field of a smart card is critical for establishing communication between the card and the reader. This subsection describes the design and specifications of contact fields, including the arrangement of pins and electrical connections. The importance of maintaining high-quality contact points for reliable data transmission is highlighted, along with potential challenges related to wear and environmental factors.
3.3 Card body
The card body serves as the protective layer for the internal components of smart cards. This subsection discusses the materials used in card manufacturing, such as PVC and composite materials, and their impact on durability and security. The design considerations for card bodies, including resistance to physical damage and tampering, are crucial for ensuring the longevity and reliability of smart cards in various applications.
