Design and Analysis of Tri Core Permanent Magnet Linear Generator for Wave Energy Conversion in South Coast of Java Island - repository civitas UGM

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"the 6th International Annual Engineering Seminar”

2016 6th International Annual Engineering Seminar

1 - 3 August 2016, Eastparc Hotel

Yogyakarta, Indonesia

InAES 2016

In conjunction with

ICME’16 (UTHM) & ISETH’16 (UMS)

Organized by:

Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Indonesia

PROCEEDINGS

ISBN : 978-1-5090-0740-0

International Symposium on Architecture and Urban Planning International Symposium on Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering International Symposium on Civil and Environmental Engineering

International Symposium on Electronics, Control, Computer, and Information and Communication Technology

International Symposium on Geoscience, Geomatic Engineering, and Remote Sensing International Symposium on Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

International Symposium on Mining and Geological Engineering

International Symposium on Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics International Symposium on Power and Energy

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2016 6th International Annual Engineering Seminar InAES 2016

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Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada

Partners and Sponsors

Organized by

Co-Organized by

Technically Co-Sponsored by

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TABLE of CONTENT

Partners and Sponsors ... Table of Content ... Welcome Message From Dean of The Faculty of Engineering UGM ... Welcome Message From General Chair ... Floor Plans ... Keynote Speech ... Program at a Glance ... Proceedings ...

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Prof. Dr. Panut Mulyono

Dean of The Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada

On behalf of the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), I really feel honoured to welcome you all in the 6th International Annual Engineering Seminar (InAES 2016). It is our great pleasure to organize this international conference in Yogyakarta, the cultural capital of Java.

The objective of this forum is to bring together both the policy makers and the researchers with the aim of exchange and sharing the ideas, experiences, and innovations on sustainable engineering and technology. InAES 2016 covers all engineering fields catered by departments in the Faculty of Engineering UGM, namely Architecture and Planning, Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Engineering Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Geodetical and Geomatic Engineering, Geological Engineering, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, and Civil and Environmental Engineering. InAES 2016 is part of our effort in UGM to boost the productivity of research and publications, especially in the engineering fields.

The conference plays a strategic function: it provides a scientific forum for interdisciplinary discussions, from where we expect the emergence of novel ideas and effective collaborations to create solutions for sustainable development. I firmly believe that InAES 2016 will contribute in the advancement of engineering and technology that plays important roles in the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals.

I also express my gratitude to sponsoring organizations, members of the organizing committee, and valued participants who make this event remarkably successful. With your participation, I do believe that this conference can serve as an instrumental starting point for more intensive actions and collaborations among its stakeholders in the future.

Last but not least, I have to say that Yogyakarta is a city worth to visit. Please spend some time to explore the gems of this cultural city. I am very confident that you will find something that will be remembered and valued for long time. I wish all the success for this conference, and I also wish all of you can enjoy the warmth of Yogyakarta.

With best regards,

Prof. Ir. Panut Mulyono, M.Eng., D.Eng. Dean of The Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada

Welcome Message From Dean

of The Faculty of Engineering UGM

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Dr. Lukito Edi Nugroho

General Chair, InAES 2016 Vice Dean for Research, Community Services and Co-operation

Faculty of Engineering, Universtas Gadjah Mada

Welcome to the 6th International Annual Engineering Seminar, an annual scientific forum hosted to comemmorate the birthday of the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada. This event is the first international scope of the conference after the previous five conferences with national scope. As an annual International conference, InAES provides an excellent platform to share innovative idea and experiences, exchange information, and explore collaboration among researchers, engineers, and scholars the field of engineering.

This year, InAES 2016 Technical Program Committee received 137 total submissions from 9 countries throughout the world. All the submitted papers were thoroughly and independently reviewed by at least three reviewers in accordance with standard blind review process. Based on the results of the rigorous review process, 55 papers in IEEE scope have been accepted out of 94 submitted papers, which constitutes acceptance rate of 58.51%. In addition, 26 papers of non IEEE scope has been accepted. These accepted papers have been grouped into 9 International Symposia, ranging from International Symposium on Architecture and Urban Planning, International Symposium on Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, International Symposium on Civil and Environmental Engineering, International Symposium on Electronics, Computer, and Information and Communication Technology, International Symposium on Geoscience, Geomatic Engineering, and Remote Sensing, International Symposium on Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, International Symposium on Mining and Geological Engineering, International Symposium on Nuclear Engineering, and International Symposium on Power and Energy and 1 National Symposium in Engineering. Besides those symposia, InAES 2016 also features world- class keynote/plenary speeches and distinguish-invited speaker that reflect the current research and development trends in engineering fields.

We are deeply indebted to all of our TPC members, as well as our volunteer reviewers, who have greatly contributed to the success of the InAES 2016. Many thanks are also addressed to our keynote and invited speakers who present their work in this conference. In addition, our sincere gratitude is given to all authors who submitted their works to InAES 2016. We hope you can enjoy the conference and a wonderful experience in Yogyakarta, one of the most lovable city in Indonesia.

Dr. Lukito Edi Nugroho

General Chair, InAES 2016

Vice Dean for Research, Community Services and Co-operation Faculty of Engineering, Universtas Gadjah Mada

Welcome Message From General Chair

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FLOOR PLANS

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4 Floor Plan

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Prof. Taufik

Abstract

Indonesia, just like other developing countries in the world, faces the challenges of improving its electrification ratio especially in rural areas. With the thousands of islands comprising its territory, Indonesia's electrification problem becomes unique and demanding. However, Indonesia's plentiful sources of renewable energy may hold the key to answer the challenge. DC House technology has been developed specifically for residential electricity by maximizing the use of renewable energy sources through a unique distribution system that relies on present and future advances in DC technology. This presentation gives an overview of DC House technology from its initial development to its recent state. Challenges encountered and opportunities presented from its development and practical implication will also be described.

Biography

Dr. Taufik is a Professor of Electrical Engineering and the Director of Electric Power Institute at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, USA. He received his BS from Northern Arizona University, MS from University of Illinois at Chicago, and Doctor of Engineering from Cleveland State University, all in Electrical Engineering. Since joining Cal Poly he has received numerous teaching awards, most notably the 2012 Outstanding Teaching Award from the American Society of Engineering Education (ASEE). He is a senior member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IEEE) with expertise in power electronics, power systems, and renewable energy. He has work and consulting experience with several world-class companies. His current project is the DC House Project for rural electrification which has received supports from several partners in Indonesia, Philippines, and Malaysia.

Residential Electricity the DC House Way: Progress,

Challenges, and Opportunities

Keynote Speaker 1

Keynote Speech

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Professor Xiaoqi Chen

Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury

Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand Phone: (+64) (3) 364 2987 ext 7221 Room: E503, Civil/Mechanical

xiaoqi.chen@canterbury.ac.nz

Keynote Speaker 2

Positions

Academic and Accreditation Coordinator, Mechatronics Programme Industry Liaison, Mechatronics Programme

Mechatronics 3rd Professional Year Director of Studies (On sabbatical leave Semester 2, 2016)

Qualifications

BEng(SCUT), MSc(Brunel), PhD(Liverpool)

Research Interests and Publications

Smart products and systems design; robotics; mobile machines; manufacturing automation.

Postgraduate Research Opportunities

Research opportunities in the above mechatronics research areas are available to inspired graduates. Mechatronics research opportunities

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Prof. Andy Kirkpatrick

Keynote Speaker 3

Department of Languages and Linguistics at Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia

Biography

Andy Kirkpatrick is Professor in the Department of Languages and Linguistics at Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia. He has lived and worked in many countries in East and Southeast Asia, including China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Myanmar and Singapore. He is the author of English as a Lingua Franca in ASEAN: a multilingual model (Hong Kong University Press). He is the editor of the Routledge Handbook of World Englishes. His most recent books are English as an Asian Language: implications for language education, co-edited with Roly Sussex and published by Springer, and Chinese Rhetoric and Writing, co-authored with Xu Zhichang and published by Parlor Press. He is founding and chief editor of the journal and book series Multilingual Education, published by Springer, and has recently been appointed editor-in-chief of the Asia Journal of TEFL. He is Director of the Asian Corpus of English (ACE) project.`

Prof. Dato' Dr. Mohd Noh Bin Dalimin

Keynote Speaker 4

Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM)

Biography

Prof. Mohd Noh started his career as a lecturer in Physics in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia in 1981 after completing his studies in Imperial College, London. In 1992, he was appointed as Deputy Dean, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources of the same university, before joining as Foundation Dean and Professor of Physics, School of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, in 1995. Prof Mohd Noh is a Professor of Physics (Energy and Materials), and is also the Vice-Chancellor of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM).

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Prof. T. Basaruddin,Drs, M.Sc, PhD

Keynote Speaker 5

Faculty of computer science, University of Indonesia E-Mail : chan[at]cs.ui.ac.id

Website : http://www.cs.ui.ac.id/id/staf/chan/

Prof. Dr. Bambang Setiaji, M.S.

Keynote Speaker 6

Rector Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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PROGRAM AT A GLANCE

Keynote Speaker 1 : Prof. Taufik

Heliconia Room

Plenary Session 2

Keynote Speaker 2 : Prof. XiaoQi Chen Plenary Session 3

Keynote Speaker 3 : Prof. Andy Kirkpatrick

13:30-15:00

15:00-15:30

18:30-21:00 Gala Dinner and Award Ceremony

Carnation Room Frangipani Room Orchid Room

CEE-1 Engineering 2 & Electronics, Control, Computer, and Information and

Communication Technology

12:15-13:30 Lunch Break

Heliconia Room Carnation Room Frangipani Room

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National Symposium on Engineering 1

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NAT-2

DAY 2

Plenary Session 4 (The Grand Ballroom)

Keynote Speaker 4 : Prof. Dato' Dr. Mohd Noh Bin Dalimin Plenary Session 5 (The Grand Ballroom)

Keynote Speaker 5 : Prof. Drs. T. Basaruddin, M.Sc., Ph.D

11:00-12:15

12:15-13:30

ARC-1 & GEO-1

International Symposium on Architecture and Urban Planning 1 & International Symposium on Mining and Geological Engineering 1

10:00-10:45 Plenary Session 6 (The Grand Ballroom)

Keynote Speaker 6 : Prof. Dr Bambang Setiaji, M.S.

10:45-11:00 Session Handover

Heliconia Room Carnation Room Frangipani Room

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National Symposium on Engineering 1

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2016 6th International Annual Engineering Seminar

InAES 2016

PROCEEDINGS

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International Symposium on Architecture and Urban Planning International Symposium on Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering International Symposium on Civil and Environmental Engineering

International Symposium on Electronics, Control, Computer, and Information and Communication Technology

International Symposium on Geoscience, Geomatic Engineering, and Remote Sensing International Symposium on Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

International Symposium on Mining and Geological Engineering

International Symposium on Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics International Symposium on Power and Energy

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Technical Sessions

TS – 01 Chronolux Plug-in Sketch Up to Optimize the Placement of Vegetation... 1

Pipin Alfian and Beta Paramita (Indonesia University of Education (UPI), Indonesia)

TS – 02 Wall and Shelter Foundation Design in a Shape of Wood-Based Icosahedron in Relation with the Knock Down System... 7

Soeleman Saragih and Inggar Septhia Irawati (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia)

TS – 03 A Systematic Approach in Developing an Accident Risk Reduction Scheme Case Study At Unsignalized

Junction, Jl Raya Solo Km 13 Yogyakarta... 13

Don Gaspar N. da Costa, Siti Malkamah and Latif Budi Suparma (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 04 Applications Equations Linear and Nonlinear Process to Investigate the Propagation Tsunami... 19

Muhammad Ikhsan and Astiah Amir (Universitas Teuku Umar, Indonesia)

TS – 05 Banjarnegara Landslide and Mudflow: Rheological Parameters and Numerical Simulation Using Bingham's Model... 24

Budijanto Widjaja, Nadya Amartiawati and Stella Marcelina Budi Naba (Parahyangan Catholic University, Indonesia)

TS – 06 Efficient and Cheap Concrete Extending Bridge Model... 28

Eugenius Pradipto, Ashar Saputra and Swari Dewanti H (JUTAP UGM, Indonesia)

TS – 07 Performance Analysis of Pedestrian Crossing At Mixed Traffic Condition... 36

Setiono Setiono, Budi Yulianto and Farid Al'Alimi (University of Sebelas Maret, Indonesia)

TS – 08 The Analysis of Relationship Between Pavement Condition and Traffic Accidents... 40

Evi Puspitasari (Tidar University, Indonesia)

TS – 09 The Impact of Stability Factor of Train Operations to Railway Line Capacity... 45

Yuwono Wiarco, Siti Malkhamah and Imam Muthohar (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia)

TS – 10 2D to 3D Space Transformation for Facial Animation Based on Marker Data... 52

Troy, Pranowo (Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Indonesia); Samuel Gandang Gunanto (Indonesian Institute of the Arts Yogyakarta, Indonesia)

TS – 11 A Comparative Study on WEMA and H-WEMA Forecasting Methods in Time Series Analysis

(Case Study: JKSE Composite Index Data)... 57

Seng Hansun (Universitas Multimedia Nusantara, Indonesia)

TS – 12 A Development of Non-Invasive Optical Technique to Investigate the Feasibility of Fatigue Using Skin Color Extraction... 62

Siti Witty Ariyanti (Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia and Pukyong National University, Korea); Ary Setijadi Prihatmanto and Yoga Priyana (Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia); Chang Soo Kim

(Pukyong National University, Korea)

TS – 13 A QoS-based Routing for Heterogeneous Traffic Classes in Sensor Networks... 68

Muhammad Nur Rizal (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 14 An Authenticated Passengers Based on Dynamic QR Code for Bandung Smart Transportation Systems... 74

Rafinno Aulya (Pukyong National University, Korea); Hilwadi Hindersah and Ary Setijadi Prihatmanto (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia); Kyung Hyune Rhee (Pukyong National University, Korea)

TS – 15 An Experimental Study of Lexicon-based Sentiment Analysis on Bahasa Indonesia... 79

Endang Pamungkas (Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia); Divi Galih Putri (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 16 Application of SPSA LQR Tuning on Quadrotor... 83

Priyatmadi, Andreas P. Sandiwan, Hendra Wijaya and Adha Imam Cahyadi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 17 Coverage Control on Multi-Agent System... 88

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TS – 18 Data Center Workload Performance in Dynamic Resources Allocation... 93

Mardhani Riasetiawan, Ahmad Ashari and Irwan Endrayanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Gerald

Quirchmayr and Erich Neuhold (University of Vienna, Austria); A Min Tjoa (Vienna University of Technology, Austria)

TS – 19 Decision Tree Analysis for Humanoid Robot Soccer Goalkeeper Algorithm... 97

Silvester Kristian Sungkono, Banu Wirawan Yohanes and Daniel Santoso (Satya Wacana Christian University, Indonesia)

TS – 20 Design and Implementation the Concept of Crowdsourcing on a Web Portal Crime...102

Fairuz Maulana (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia and Pukyong National University, Korea); Ary Setijadi Prihatmanto (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia); Chang Soo Kim (Pukyong National University, Korea)

TS – 21 Design Control System for Eel Fish (Anguilla Spp.) Water Aquaculture Based Fuzzy Logic: MATLAB Based Simulation Approach...107

Triya Haiyunnisa, Hilman Syaeful Alam, Taufik Ibnu Salim (Indonesian Institut of Sciences, Indonesia)

TS – 22 Designing Network Intrusion and Detection System Using Signature-Based Method for Protecting OpenStack Private Cloud...112

Berkah I. Santoso, M. Rien Suryatama Idrus, Irwan Prasetya Gunawan (Bakrie University, Indonesia);

TS – 23 Estimation of Open Circuit Voltage and Electrical Parameters of a Battery Based on Signal Processed by Recursive Least Square Method Using Two Separate Forgetting Factors...118

Samiadji Herdjunanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 24 Evaluation and Measurement of Learning Management System Based on User Experience...123

Dadang Syarif Sihabudin Sahid (Universitas Gadjah Mada & Politeknik Caltex Riau, Indonesia); Paulus Insap Santosa, Ridi Ferdiana and Lukito Edi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 25 Implementation of Scalable K-Means++ Clustering for Passengers Temporal Pattern Analysis in Public

Transportation System (BRT Trans Jogja Case Study)...129

Fahmi Dzikrullah, Noor Akhmad Setiawan and Selo Sulistyo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 26 Improvement in Learning Coordinate Systems Topic for Electrical Engineering Students Using Interactive Multimedia...135

Eny Sukani Rahayu, Adhistya Erna Permanasari and Kharina Mahastina Mahaseng (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 27 Indoor Electrical Device Control Based on Activity Context and Number of Occupant Utilizing Google

Calendar and WSN...141

Mokhammad Nurkholis Abdillah, I Wayan Mustika, Bimo Sunarfri Hantono and Sarjiya (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 28 Lung Sounds Classification Using Spectrogram's First Order Statistics Features...147

Achmad Rizal (Universitas Gadjah Mada & Telkom University, Indonesia); Risanuri Hidayat and Hanung Adi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 29 Model Reference Adaptive Control for DC Motor Based on Simulink...152

Munadi and M. Amirullah Akbar (Diponegoro University, Indonesia); Tomohide Naniwa, Yoshiaki Taniai (University of Fukui, Japan)

TS – 30 Multi 3G Service for Broadband Line...158

Lukas Tanutama, Rico Wijaya, Helmy Zakaria and Antonius Dasandra (Bina Nusantara University, Indonesia)

TS – 31 Operational Optimization of Binary Distillation Column to Achieve Product Quality Using Imperialist

Competitive Algorithm (ICA)...163

Nur Fitriyani, Sisca D.N Nahdliyah and Totok R. Biyanto (Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)

TS – 32 Optimization of Depropanizer Column Quality Product by Changing Controller Set Points of Reflux Flow and Reboiler Heat Rate ...167

Erny Listijorini (Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Indonesia); Nanda Dian Pratama (Process Saka Indonesia Pangkah LTD Gresik, Indonesia); Moudy A. Vianda and Totok R. Biyanto (Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia)

TS – 33 Planning of BTS Hotel Using LTE Frequency 1800 MHz in Bandung...172

Teguh Dwi Heri Prabowo, A. Aly Muayyadi, Uke Kurniawan Usman (Telkom University, Indonesia)

TS – 34 Probabilistic-Relationships in the DVB-T2 Mobile-Reception Signal Received From a Fix-Reception Mode Broadcasting Service...177

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TS – 35 Providing Data Integrity for Container Dwelling Time in the Seaport...183

Sandi Rahmadika, Pranoto H. Rusmin and Hilwadi Hindersah (Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia);

Kyung Hyune Rhee (Pukyong National University, Korea)

TS – 36 Pseudonym-based Privacy Protection for Steppy Application...189

Heri Arum Nugroho (Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia & Pukyong National University, Korea);

Yoga Priyana and Ary Setijadi Prihatmanto (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia); Kyung Hyune Rhee (Pukyong National University, Korea)

TS – 37 Quality Measurement for Web GIS Using Object-Oriented Development...195

Noor Falih, Bayu Hendradjaya and Wikan Sunindyo (Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia)

TS – 38 Review of Augmented Reality Agent in Education...201

Bimo Sunarfri Hantono, Lukito Edi Nugroho and P. Insap Santosa (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 39 Segmentation of Optic Disc Using Dispersive Phase Stretch Transform...205

Kartika Firdausy and Widhia Oktoeberza KZ (Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia)

TS – 40 Siemens CPU1215C Input Expansion and Remote Monitoring with Arduino Bridge...210

Helmy Rahadian, Dwi Nurul Izzhati and Waluyo Nugroho (Dian Nuswantoro University, Indonesia)

TS – 41 Software Feature Extraction Using Infrequent Feature Extraction...216

Divi Galih Prasetyo Putri (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Daniel Oranova Siahaan (Institut teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)

TS – 42 Spatial-Variation of DVB-T2 Signal At the Receiver-Location...221

Budi Setiyanto, Risanuri Hidayat, I Wayan Mustika and Sunarno (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 43 String Actuated Upper Limb Exoskeleton Based on Surface Electromyography Control...227

Triwiyanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada & Electromedical Engineering Polytechnic of Health Surabaya, Ministry of Health, Indonesia); Oyas Wahyunggoro, Hanung Adi Nugroho and Herianto Herianto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 44 The Comparison of Consumer Cloud Storage for a Storage Extension on the E-learning...233

Ridi Ferdiana (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 45 Analysis of Object Oriented Classification on High Resolution Images...238

Nurhadi Bashit, Harintaka and Abdul Basith (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 46 Evaluation of the Influence of the Global Geopotential Model Resolution on the Accuracy of Local Geoid Models (Case Study: DI Yogyakarta Province)...243

Leni S. Heliani and Ramdhan Hidayat (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 47 Open Source Stack for Structure From Motion 3D Reconstruction: A Geometric Overview...247

Djurdjani and Dany Laksono (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 48 Utilizing UAV-Based Mapping in Post Disaster Volcano Eruption...253

Catur Rokhmana and Ruli Andaru (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 49 A Clustering Technique for Detecting Communities in Supply Chain Network...257

Muhammad Rifqi Ma'arif (STMIK Jenderal Ahmad Yani Yogyakarta, Indonesia)

TS – 50 An Experimental Study on the Mechanics Power of Counter Rotating Wind Turbines Model Related with Axial Distance Between Two Rotors...263

Muhammad Agung Bramantya and Luqman Al Huda (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 51 Determination of Performance Parameters of Hot Stratified Thermal Energy Storage Tank...269

Joko Waluyo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 52 Effect of T6 Heat Treatment and Artificial Aging on Mechanics and Fatigue Properties of A356.0 Aluminum Alloy Produced by 350 RPM Centrifugal Casting...274

Priyo Tri Iswanto, Viktor Malau, Suyitno and Reza Wirawan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Hasan Akhyar (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia & Syiah Kuala University, Indonesia)

TS – 53 Experimental Study on the Effect of Multiple Droplet Frequency and Weber Number to Spreading Ratio of Multiple Droplets on a Horizontal Surface...279

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TS – 54 Explicit Finite Element Analysis for Rotary Cutting of Electrical Steel Sheet...284

Markus Hubert, Michael Weigelt, Michael Spahr, Joerg Franke (Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany); Jürgen Hackert and Marcus Mehlhorn (Vipem Hackert GmbH, Germany)

TS – 55 Sustainable Supply Chain Management: Transferring From Developed Nations to Developing Countries...290

Nina Aini Mahbubah (Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik, Indonesia); Abdul Muid (Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia & National Taiwan University, Taiwan)

TS – 56 Mechanism of Electrical Conduction in Leachate and Groundwater Piyungan Landfill, Bantul Yogyakarta...296

Jaingot A. Parhusip (Universitas Gadjah Mada & UNCEN, Jayapura, Indonesia), Agung Harijoko, Doni Prakasa Eka Putra and Wiwit Suryanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 57 Type, Pattern and Force Direction of the Geological Structure At Kulonprogro Area-Yogyakarta-Indonesia...300

Asmoro Widagdo, Subagyo Pramumijoyo, Agung Harijoko and Ari Setiawan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 58 Classification of Leukocyte Images Using K-Means Clustering Based on Geometry Features...305

Tsalis Rosyadi, Agus Arif, Nopriadi, Balza Achmad, and Faridah (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

TS – 59 Optimization of CO2 Contents and Energy Saving on Sweetening Gas Processing Plant Using Algorithm Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)...310

Sisca Dina Nur Nahdliyah,Nur Fitriyani and Totok R. Biyanto (ITS Surabaya, Indonesia)

TS – 60 Design and Analysis of Tri Core Permanent Magnet Linear Generator for Wave Energy Conversion in South Coast of Java Island...316

Muhammad Rifa'i Putra Sugita, Fransisco Danang Wijaya and Sarjiya (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia)

TS – 61 Development of DC House Prototypes as Demonstration Sites for an Alternate Solution to Rural

Electrification...322

Taufik Taufik and Maxwell Muscarella (California Polytechnic State Unviersity, San Luis Obispo, USA)

TS – 62 Evaluation of 3 Inter Bus Transformer 500/150/71 kV 500 MVA in Parallel Operation...326

Brian Bramantyo S.D.A.H., Buyung Sofiarto Munir, Achmad Syerif Habibie, Aji Suryo Alam (PLN Research Institute, Indonesia)

TS – 63 Experimental Investigation on Open Sun-drying and Solar Drying System of Bilimbi...331

Darwin Harun, Muhammad Ilham Maulana, Hasan Akhyar, and Husaini (Syiah Kuala University, Indonesia)

TS – 64 Studying of Lightning Surge Transient Effect on 500 kV Quadruple Circuit Transmission Line...336

Aristo Adi Kusuma, Putu Agus Aditya Pramana, Buyung S. Munir, Rica Ayu S. (PLN Research Institute, Indonesia)

TS – 65 Switching Transient and Electrical Resonance Evaluation of 500kV Four Circuits Transmission Line...340

Putu Agus Aditya Pramana, Aristo Adi Kusuma, Buyung Sofiarto Munir, Devi Hendriyono (PLN Research Institute, Indonesia)

TS – 66 Thermal Unit Commitment with Fuel Constraint Using Genetic Algorithm...346

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Design and Analysis of Tri Core Permanent Magnet

Linear Generator for Wave Energy Conversion in

South Coast of Java Island

Muhammad Rifa’i Putra Sugita, Fransisco Danang Wijaya, Sarjiya

Departement of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Universitas Gadjah Mada

Yogyakarta, Indonesia

muhammad.rifai.p@mail.ugm.ac.id, danangwijaya@ugm.ac.id, and sarjiya@ugm.ac.id

Abstract— The south coast of Java Island has significant wave height that allows for wave energy to electric energy conversion. Wave energy converter using permanent magnet linear generator (PMLG) attracting more attention due to its efficiency of the generator and the elimination of translational to rotational motion converter in the generator, but PMLG suffer from electric power losses in the winding. In this paper, a tri core PMLG design which has minimum electric power losses is proposed. The electric power losses in the winding are ideally minimized using simulated annealing algorithm. Then, finite element analysis is used to analyze and verify the proposed design of PMLG. The small scale optimum design of this PMLG is simulated using an oscillating water column (OWC) chamber to analyze and investigate the performance of this linear generator. Simulation result shows that PMLG has a good efficiency and confirm the capability of this PMLG installed with OWC chamber in the south coast of Java Island.

Keywords—ocean waves; wave energy conversion; tri core PMLG; chamber; optimization; power losses

I. INTRODUCTION

The number of electric energy demand has increased following the growth number of people in the world. Because of this condition, the development of power plant must be done. To meet the needs of electric energy demand, in the last decade, the use of renewable energy resources to generating electricity is attracting more attention than non-renewable energy resources. It happened because these energy resources are more sustainable than non-renewable energy resources. Furthermore, the use of renewable energy will decrease the number of carbon emission produced by the use of fossil energy. One of the renewable energy resources is ocean waves energy. According to [1], the total energy from ocean waves in the world’s coasts is estimated to be 106_{MW and 2% of this} energy can provide the total world energy demand. Several portion of world’s total energy resources from the waves are located in Indonesia, especially on the south coast of Java Island. Based on the mapping result which conducts by Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics, the south coast of Java Island has average ocean waves between 0.5 until 2 meters height. This condition makes

the south coast of Java Island has a large potential to generate electricity from ocean wave resources [2].

There are several methods to convert wave energy to electric energy. Based on the generator that is used, there are two types of generator used to convert the mechanical motion into electric energy, that is rotating generator and linear generator [3]. However, the use of a linear generator to convert ocean waves motion to electric energy is more efficient than the use of rotational generator [4]. Based on the literature review, there are several topologies of linear generator classified by the shape, that is tubular, tri core, square core and tri coil linear generator [4,5]. Then, according to [6], there are three categories of wave energy converter (WEC) based on the placement of WEC, that is shoreline, nearshore, and offshore WEC. The electric energy produced by offshore WEC is higher than shoreline and nearshore WEC, but the offshore WEC should be able to survive the weather and it needs higher cost for maintaining the WEC. Although the shoreline and nearshore have small power, this WEC is cheaper and easy to maintain than offshore WEC.

This research for the first time proposes the use of tri core PMLG with an OWC chamber so that the WEC can build in the nearshore and can be integrated with a breakwater. Tri core PMLG is chosen because this linear generator can produce high electromotive force (emf) value similar with the emf produced by square core PMLG, furthermore, this linear generator is suitable with ocean waves between 0.5 until 1.5 meters height, that is similar with the characteristic of ocean waves in south coast of Java Island [5]. The optimization is performed in this linear generator to meet up the design so that the electric power losses in the winding will be reduced. Then, using the proposed design, the influence of load, wave height and irregular wave are analyzed to investigate the characteristic and performance of this linear generator in various condition.

II. DESIGN OF TRI CORE PMLG

PMLG is an important component for WEC to convert wave energy into electric energy so that this part is designed to meet up the complete design of the WEC. The step for designing this PMLG is based on [7]. This PMLG is a single phase linear generator and has triangular core shape shown in

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Fig 1. Tri Core PMLG [5]

Fig 1. The stator is using US steel type 2 core and AWG 10 wire. The translator which has 0.5 meter length is using silicon iron core and NdFeB 52 MGOe permanent magnet which has operating point Br=1.47 T and Hc=891300 A/m. The first step

to designing this PMLG is determining the average velocity of translator movement, it’s assumed that the average velocity of the translator is similar to the vertical velocity of the ocean

waves (vs) that can be calculated by (1). According to the

forecast data of significant wave height in the south coast of Java Island, the ocean waves height (Hs) is between 0.5 until

1.5 m, suppose that 0.875 m wave height usually occurs on the south coast of Java Island with the period of the wave (Ts) is

3.32 s and the angular velocity of the wave (ω) is 1.89 rad/s, so that the average vertical velocity of the ocean waves is 0.5 m/s.

)

After the average velocity of the translator determined, the next step is to find the design parameter of tri core PMLG. The optimization procedure is performed in this step. The objectives function of this optimization procedures is to minimize the electric power losses in the winding, the equations to perform this optimization are based on (2)-(6) [7]:

)

Fig 2. Optimization flow diagram

stator wire per turn, Ys is the stator yoke thickness, hs is the slot

height. Then, in (6), Rw is the internal resistance of wire.

To obtain the optimal solution of PMLG design, the objectives function in (2) is solved using simulated annealing algorithm. The optimization flow diagram used in this paper is described in Fig 2. Three independent variables which affecting the power losses in the winding are used in this optimization procedure, the intervals of this variables are shown in Table I and the optimal design are shown in Table II. The optimal design parameter can be implemented in Fig 3.

TABLE I. OPTIMIZATION PARAMETERS

Variables Symbol Value

Simulated annealing parameters

Initial temperature T0 324 oC

Reduction rate alpha 0.99

Number of iteration i 100

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TABLE II. OPTIMAL DESIGN RESULT

Variables Symbol Value

Geometrical parameters:

Average velocity of translator vaverage 0.5 m/s

Stator width Ws 179.9 mm

Permanent magnet thickness hm 10.8 mm

Permanent magnet length τm 22.9 mm

Stator yoke thickness Ys 5.65 mm

Rotor yoke thickness Yr 8.48 mm

Slot height hs 76.16 mm

Number of stator turns per slot Nc 147

Number of stator turns per phase Nph 884

Average length of stator wire per turn Lc 814.6 mm

Electrical parameters:

Winding resistance Rph 2.36 Ω

Emf (rms) Eph 150 volt

Max. Coil current iph 6.7 A

Electrical frequency f 9.8 Hz Winding power losses Ploss 104.89 watt

Fig 3. Design parameters of tri core PMLG

Using the design parameters in Table II, a finite element analysis (FEA) is performed to find the winding inductance. According to [8], the winding inductance could be calculated by the energy stored in the winding, then by using (7) the winding inductance can be determined.

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The FEA simulation shows that the energy stored in the PMLG winding is 4.44 J so that the winding inductance is 0.19 henry.

III. DESIGN OF OWC CHAMBER

A. System description

The OWC chamber is used to absorb the energy from the ocean waves. The ocean waves will enter the chamber and make a pressure inside the chamber. When there is a pressure, it will make compression inside the chamber. The compression will make the piston moving upward. Then, while there is no pressure, it will make decompression inside the chamber. This condition will make the piston moving downward, back to its initial position.

The piston of OWC is coupled with the translator of PMLG, the motion of the piston make the translator moving in the same direction as the motion of the piston. The translator movement will produce emf in the stator winding with a low frequency.

The OWC chamber’s scheme is presented in Fig 4. OWC chamber has a circle shape similar to a pipe with diameter of the bottom part which is submerged in sea water is larger than the upper part which contained the piston. The different diameter of the chamber will make different force between the bottom part and the upper part so that it will make higher piston speed in the upper part. From the calculation using (8-9) [9], the most suitable diameter of the chamber is 0.8 m for the bottom part and 0.64 m for the upper part.

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B. Available power of the waves

The height and period of the ocean waves will give large effect to the power absorbed by the chamber that will convert to electric energy. The PMLG and chamber are designed to be suitable to place on the south coast of Java Island which has low categories wave height. The ocean waves on the south coast of Java Island is assumed as a sine wave, and there are no losses during the propagation of waves.

According to [10], the power of the wave can be calculated using (10). Where, Pwave(mcl) is the power of the wave per meter

crest length, ρ is the volumetric density of salt water which equal to 1030 kg/m3_and_g_{is the gravity acceleration which} equal to 9.81 m/s2_.

Using the heights and periods of the waves that usually occur on the south coast of Java Island, the power of the waves is 2506 watt/mcl. Then, it’s assumed that the wave crest length is equal to the diameter of the bottom part of the chamber, so the absorbable power of the waves by the chamber in this condition is equal to 2005 watt.

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Fig 4. OWC chamber design

C. Output power of the chamber

Power absorbed by the chamber is used to drive the piston that coupled with the translator. This power will give a total force of F2 to the piston so that the piston and translator will

moving upward and downward with the velocity of v2. The

output power of the chamber, Pc can be calculated using (11).

2 2v

F c

P = (11)

The total force to drive the piston and translator is calculated using (12).

In (12), Wt is the total weight of the piston and translator which

can be calculated using (13-16) and Fem is the electromagnetic

force of PMLG which can be calculated using (17) [11].

piston

translator core weight and Wpiston is the piston weight. In (14),

ρm is the volumetric density of NdFeB 52 MGOe which equals

to 7300 kg/m3_and_V

m is the volume of NdFEB 52 MGOe. In

(15), ρcore is the volumetric density of silicon iron core which

equal to 7723 kg/m3_and_V

core is the volume of silicon iron core.

In (16), ρpiston is the volumetric density of HMW-HDPE which

equals to 950 kg/m3_and_h

piston is the piston height which

supposes to 0.05 m. Then, in (17), Pin is the input power of

PMLG which depend on the current flow through the load.

Fig 5. Equivalent circuit of PMLG[12]

IV. SIMULATION RESULT

A. Effect of load resistance

Using the specification of the optimal design of tri core PMLG, the simulation is carried out with Matlab software. To analyze the effect of load resistance to the performance of PMLG, the equivalent circuit in Fig 5 is used, the phase current

iph and terminal voltage Vt can be calculated using (18-19) [12].

The load resistance will affect the current produced by PMLG. A higher load resistance causing the current become lower, so are the terminal voltage and the output power of PMLG. The opposite is occurring in a lower load. A lower load resistance causing the current become higher, likewise the terminal voltage and the output power, but when the current is high, the power losses increase. The output power of PMLG reaches the maximum value of 786.6 watt with the efficiency of 83.6% at the load resistance of 12 Ω. The summaries of the effect of the load resistance are shown in Fig 6.

Fig 6. Effect of load resistance to PMLG performance

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Fig 7. Effect of load power factor to PMLG performance

B. Effect of load power factor

Fig 7 shows the effect of load power factor to the output power and efficiency of PMLG. In this simulation, lagging power factor is used with 12 Ω of impedances. As shown in Fig 7, the load power factor will affect the output power of PMLG. A lower load power factor causing higher load inductance and lower load resistance, but the terminal voltage decrease. Consequently, the output power of PMLG decreases following the reduction of load power factor. It happens because PMLG can’t supply the reactive power to the inductive load.

C. WEC efficiency

The overall efficiency of WEC can be calculated using chamber input power, chamber output power, PMLG input power and PMLG output power shown in Fig 8. The maximum efficiency of WEC occurs when the output power of PMLG reach its maximum value. This maximum output power of PMLG is 786.6 watt with the efficiency of 83.6%, so the input power of PMLG is 941.3 watt.

Using the input power of PMLG, the chamber output power can be calculated. The chamber output power is 1292 watt. Then the overall efficiency of WEC is about 39.2% on the rated condition.

D. Output characteristic of PMLG

The output characteristic of PMLG is shown in Fig 9. The terminal voltage is lagging to the emf produced by PMLG due to the inductance effect of the stator winding, but the phase current and terminal voltage are in phase.

The input power and output power are in phase, and both of them have positive value. It means that the PMLG producing electric power to supply the load, and the PMLG never absorbing the electric power from the load.

Fig 8. Power of WEC

Fig 9. (a) Emf, terminal voltage and phase current (b) output power and input power

E. Effect of wave height

Wave height gives contribution to the electric power produced by WEC. The effect of wave height is shown in Fig 10. As shown in Fig 10, the electric output power of WEC is

Fig 10. Effect of wave height to electric output power of WEC

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Fig 11. Irregular wave height

Fig 12. Electric output power due to irregular wave height

increase following the wave height. A higher wave height will increase the translator speed so that the emf produced by PMLG rises. As the emf rises, the phase current will increase proportional with the emf, so the output power of PMLG will rises. But a higher current will increase the power losses due to winding resistance.

F. Effect of irregular wave

Using the irregular wave height in Fig 11, the performance of the WEC is analyzed. The irregular wave height is generated randomly using Matlab software according to the minimum and maximum value of the wave height data in the south coast of Java Island. The simulation result is shown in Fig 12. As seen, the power generated by WEC is not continuous, and it varies with time. Consequently, the emf, phase current and terminal voltage of PMLG are not stable. The maximum electric power generated by WEC is 1 kW, with an average electric output power of 300 watt.

V. CONCLUSION

A pico scale tri core PMLG work with an OWC chamber for wave energy conversion in the south coast of Java Island has been designed and optimized using simulated annealing

algorithm to minimized the electric power losses in the winding, then the complete design is simulated using Matlab software. The PMLG has nominal emf about 150 volt and can work well in 0.5 m/s average translator speed to produce 786.6 watt output power at the load of 12 Ω. The chamber efficiency is 64.4% and the PMLG efficiency is 83.6% , then the overall efficiency of WEC is about 39.2%. Since the south coast of Java Island is wavy and support the formation of waves between 0.5 to 1.5 meters height, the OWC system with tri core PMLG is suitable to install. Then, converting the alternating current electricity produced by PMLG into direct current electricity will give more stable electricity in the irregular wave height condition.

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