UNFAVORABLE EFFECT OF MENTAL STRESS IN ARTHUR DIMMESDALE’S ROLE AS A PRIEST IN NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE’S NOVEL THE SCARLET LETTER (1986) ; A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
By:
APRILIANA DEWI SAPTARINI A 320 080 086
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
APPROVAL
UNFAVORABLE EFFECT OF MENTAL STRESS IN ARTHUR DIMMESDALE’S ROLE AS A PRIEST IN NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE’S
NOVEL THE SCARLET LETTER (1986) ; A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
by
APRILIANA DEWI SAPTA RINI
A320 080 086Approved to be examined by Consultant Team
Consultant I Consultant II
ACCEPTANCE
UNFAVORABLE EFFECT OF MENTAL STRESS IN ARTHUR DIMMESDALE’S ROLE AS A PRIEST IN NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE’S
NOVEL THE SCARLET LETTER (1986) ; A PSYCHOANALYTIC
RESEARCH PAPER
Prepared and Arranged by :
APRILIANA DEWI SAPTA RINI
A320 080 086
Accepted by the Board of Examiners School of Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta on February 2011
1 . Dr.Phil. Dewi Chandraningrum, M.Ed ( ) 2 . Titis setyabudi, S.S ( )
3 . Drs. M. Thoyibi, MS. ( )
Dean,
TESTIMONY
The writer states truthfully that this research paper is compiled by her without taking the result from other research in any university. In addition, the writer ascertains that she does not take the material from other publications or someone’s work except for the references mentioned in bibliography.
Surakarta, February 2011
MOTTO
Some guiding words of mine are ;
? N ow j oin your hand, and wit h your hands your heart s.
(William Shakepears)
? Lif e is not f air in many cases, but God is always f air in all
cases.
DEDICATION
This r esear ch paper is dedicat ed t o :
1. Allah Almight y
2 . The wr it er ’s beloved f amily
3. The wr it er ’s beloved husband t o be
SUMMARY
APRILIANA DEWI SAPTA RINI. A320 080 086. UNFAVORABLE EFFECT OF MENTAL STRESS IN ARTHUR DIMMESDALE’S ROLE AS A PRIEST IN NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE’S NOVEL THE SCARLET LETTER (1986) ; A PSYCHOANALYTIC
The subject of this research is how unfavorable effect of mental stress for Arthur Dimmesdale, as the role of a priest in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter. It was viewed from psychoanalytic approach. The objective of the research paper is analyzing the effect of repressed desire based on psychoanalytic theory by identifying the personality of major and minor character and structural elements of the novel.
Achieving the object of this research, the writer uses library research to gain the accurate data in creating a valid and accountable research. The application of this method is by scrutinizing library materials which have strong relation with the problem examined in this writing. There are two types of the data including main data and supporting data. In assessing the research, the writer uses structural analysis approach through the theories to clarify the intrinsic elements. Furthermore, to analyze the personality of Arthur Dimmesdale. The writer applies psychoanalytic theory which discusses the process and outcome of the repressed of emotion and someone’s biological desire.
The result of this research shows that human emotion and desire which can not be repressed completely lost and it will cause the nature of certain character that make s up a new personality. By new Arthur Dimmesdale’s personality, it can be seen in his actions in public society.
Consultant I Consultan II
Dr.Phil. Dewi Chandraningrum, M.Ed Titis Setyabudi, S.S NIK.772 NIK. 948
Approved by
School of Teacher and Traianing and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Dean
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Bismillahirrohmaanirrohim
There is nothing first and primary to say but all praise be to Allah who gives the writer a blessing so that she can finish this research paper entitled : UNFAVORABLE EFFECT OF MENTAL STRESS IN ARTHUR DIMMESDALE’S ROLE AS A PRIEST IN NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE’S NOVEL THE SCARLET LETTER (1986) ; A PSYCHOANALYTIC as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for achieving a master’s degree on education. The writer realizes that this research paper is far from be ing perfect because of the writer’s limited knowledge and experience. The writer is also aware of the fact that this research paper could not have been completed without encouragement and help of other people. Thus, in this case, the writer would like to express her great appreciation and gratitude to those who have contributed their help ;
1. Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si, Dean of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who gave the writer a reference to conduct the research.
2. Dr.Phil. Dewi Chandraningrum, S.Pd, M.Ed, her first consultant who gave the writer suggestion and guidance.
3. Titis Setyabudi, SS, her second consultant who gave improvement, correction and motivation to make this research paper better.
5. Her father and mother, brothers, sisters, niece, and nephews who gave invaluable and indispensable assistance from time to time.
6. Her husband to be, who gave the writer much love and care, his direct or indirect contribution and had accompanied or helped the writer all the time. 7. Her best friend ever Tyas, and all Tyas’ friends that just knew me who could
not be mentioned one by one, thank you for the beginning friendship.
8. Her friends in English Department, Rastry, Fitri, Astry, Papanx, Erika, Iim, Evi, Henita, and others. For giving support and spirit to finish her study.
Finally the writer is greatly indebted and really invites criticism or suggestion which may be able to make this research paper perfect and also hopes that this research paper will have a significance in developing literary research. “ Thank you”
Wassalamu’alaikum wr.wb
Surakarta, February 2011
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theories ... 9
2. Structural Elements of the Novel... 12
H. Theoretical Application ... 14
I. Research Method ... ... 14
CHAPTER II THE UNDERLYING THEORY
3. Character and Characterization... 25
4. Setting... ... 27
5. Language ... ... 29
D. Confict... 29
E. Psychoanalytic Approach ... 31
1. Unconsciousness ... 32
2. Id, Ego and Superego... 33
3. Anxiety... 34
4. Defense Mechanisms... 35
CHAPTER III STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS A. The Analysis of Structural Analysis ... 38
2. Plot ... 48
CHAPTER IV PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS A. General Description of Arthur Dimmesdale’s Personality... 69
1. Arthur Dimmesdale’s Appearance... 69
2. Arthur Dimmesdale’s Life Surrounding ... 70
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
