THE IMPACT OF ACADEMIC CULTURE CHARACTER AND ACADEMIC SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDE TO GRADE POINT AVERAGE (GPA) OF
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION STUDENT IN ECONOMICS FACULTY AT STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
ACADEMIC YEAR 2015
THESIS
Submitted to the Economics Education Department Economics Faculty at State University of Medan
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Bachelor of Education
Written by: ANISA PUTRI YANI Reg. Number 7111541002
ECONOMICS FACULTY
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Praise and gratitude to Allah for His mercy and grace that has given strength and patience for the author to finish this thesis. Sholawat and greetings to the Prophet Muhammad, men who has given exemplary choice in the ummah
until the end of time is highly anticipated intercession at the end of the day.
This thesis entitled "The Impact of Academic Culture Character and
Academic Scientific Attitude to Grade Point Average (GPA) of Business Administration Student in Economics Faculty at State University of Medan Academic Year 2015" proposed to fill the requirement of obtaining title a Graduate Education in Economics Education Majors, Business Administration Study Program, Economics Faculty of the State University of medan.
The writer also would like to express her gratitude to the following remarkable figures that have helped and supported her in completing this thesis. A great thank you is given to :
1. Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., as the Rector of State University of Medan. 2. Drs. Kustoro Budiarta, M.E., as the Dean of Economics Faculty.
3. Dr. H. Arwansyah, M.Si., as the Head of Economics Education Department for his help in facilitating and supporting in seminar of the proposal and in the thesis examination.
vi
suggestion, correction, support, encouragement, time, and patience in all of stages of the completion my thesis.
5. Dr. H. Arwansyah, M.Si., Dr. Fitrawaty, M.Si., and Ivo Selvia Agusti, M.Si., as the examiners team in examination of this thesis; thanks for their valuable
comments and suggestions to improve of this thesis.
6. Dr. Fitrawaty, M.Si., as my academic advisor in Business Administration
Study Program; thanks for advice, support and suggestion during my academic study at Business Administration Study Program.
7. All of lecturers in Economics Education Department, especially in Business
Administration Study Program, thanks for the taught during this time. And all the administration staffs of Economics Faculty that gave helping during
arrangement of thesis.
8. Irwansyah, SE., M.Si also lecturers in Business Administration Study Program who had given permission for me to do research in business administration
class and also all of business administration student in 2012, whom had given help for me in finish this research.
9. Especially to the angel of my world, dearly parents: my lovely handsome father Edy Edward and my lovely beautiful mother Sumsiwar, who always give love and a source of strength, who never broke to pray me during my life,
who always accompany the journey of my life, who gives admonition, until now it still feels the arms of your love, also many sacrifices which can’t
vii
10.Thank you so much to my lovely sibling: my sweet brother M. Rivai and my beautiful little sister Destri Atikah Fadhilah for all the love, encouragement
and attention that you'd given. May be I will be weak if you do not hand side. 11.Thank you so much to my lovely beautiful grandma Hj. Murni Ilyas and my
lovely handsome granddad Drs. H. Mukhtar Abdullah for all the love, encouragement and attention that you'd given to me as your first grand
daughter. Hope ALLAH always give you health and strength.
12.My special brother, Ibnu Hajar Harahap S.Pd., thanks for time, motivation, spirit, encouragement, always praying me, fill in all the blanks, until always be
worry with my safety and health. May God always protect you and give you all the best in your life, and God make our ukhuwah everlasting up to
paradise. Aamiin ..
13.Thank you so much to my big family in Dompet Dhuafa Waspada for all the valuable opportunity for me.
14.Thanks to UKMI Ar-Rahman UNIMED, especially UKMI Ar-Rahman FE that brings me to the powerful people, places devoted to charitable jama'i with
sincerity and patience. Hopefully the more advanced and always a good dedicated. And thanks to all my senior in UKMI FE who always help me: K’Rizky, K’Sri, K’Rina, K’Adel. My friends in UKMI: Tiwi, Syahfitri, Lena,
Fitri, Syifa, Joko, Ananda. Also to all my junior in UKMI: Nike, Nanda, Ana, Tiara, Rika, Ayun, Anggi, Ira, Himah, Andry, Fahmi.
viii
thanks to journey together for 4 years. Once filled with wonderful memories and I will always remember.
Hopefully, Allah pay all of the goodness that has given me and the author
expect to this thesis will have adventages to reader and especially for the author.
Medan, 10th June 2015
The Writer,
ix ABSTRACT
Anisa Putri Yani. NIM: 7111541002. The Impact of Academic Culture Character and Academic Scientific Attitude to Grade Point Average (GPA) of Business Administration Student in Economics Faculty at State University of Medan Academic Year 2015, Thesis. Economics Education Department, Business Administration Study Program, Economics Faculty, State University of Medan 2015.
The problem in this research is Is there a positive impact between the Academic Culture Character and Academic Scientific Attitude to Grade Point Average (GPA) of Business Administration student, Economics Faculty, State University of Medan sign in year 2012.
This research was conducted in Business Administration Study Program, Economics Faculty, State University of Medan A.Y 2015. The subjects in this research were Business Administration sign year 2012 which amounting of 108 students and the sample were 38 students with proportional random sampling technique. The instrument which used to measure the Academic Culture Character and Academic Scientific Attitude to GPA of students is questionnaire and validity test of questionnaire was tested use product moment correlation technique.
With the result of 62 questions of Academic Culture Character instrument to GPA of students has 32 valid questions and 62 questions of Academic Scientific Attitude instrument to GPA of students has 31 valid questions. Reliability test used Cronbach Alpha with the result for the Academic Culture Character to GPA of student as big as rvalue > rtable (0,921> 0,361) and the reliability of Academic Scientific Attitude to GPA of students as big as rvalue > rtable (0,893> 0,361). To determine Academic Culture Character and Academic Scientific Attitude to GPA of students used multiple linear regression formula, and the regression equation obtained Y= 0,742 + 0,009X1 + 0,020X2. Technique of data analysis was used t test at 5% alpha significance level, with the result obtained at the Academic Culture Character to GPA of students have significant impact where tvalue > ttable (2,351> 1,687) and Academic Scientific Attitude to GPA of students have significant impact where tvalue > ttable (5,134> 1,687). The result obtained in the F test show that the variables of Academic Culture Character and Academic Scientific Attitude have significant impact to GPA of student, with the value is Fvalue > Ftable (152,654 > 3,27). And the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0,897 or 89% change in GPA of students are impacted by Academic Culture Character and Academic Scientific Attitude. Based on the analysis has been conducted, it can be concluded that there is positive and significant impact between Academic Culture Character and Academic Scientific Attitude to GPA of Business Administration student in Economics Faculty Unimed A.Y 2015.
x ABSTRAK
Anisa Putri Yani. NIM: 7111541002. Pengaruh antara Karakter Budaya Akademik dan Sikap Ilmiah Akademik terhadap Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif (IPK) Mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Tata Niaga Fakultas Ekonomi Unimed T.A 2015. Skripsi, Jurusan Pendidikan Ekonomi, Program Studi Pendidikan Tata Niaga, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Medan 2015.
Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah Apakah terdapat pengaruh yang positif antara Karakter Budaya Akademik dan Sikap Ilmiah Akademik terhadap Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif (IPK) mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Tata Niaga Fakultas Ekonomi Unimed Stambuk 2012.
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Program Studi Tata Niaga Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Medan T.A 2015. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Pendidikan Tata Niaga stambuk 2012 yang berjumlah 108 orang dan sampel 38 orang dengan teknik proportional random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur Karakter Budaya Akademik dan Sikap Ilmiah Akademik terhadap IPK mahasiswa berupa angket dan validitas tes kuesioner diuji dengan menggunakan teknik korelasi product moment.
Dengan hasil dari 62 soal instrumen Karakter Budaya Akademik terhadap IPK mahasiswa terdapat 32 soal yang valid dan 62 soal instrumen Sikap Ilmiah Akademik terhadap IPK mahasiswa terdapat 31 soal yang valid. Reliabilitas di uji dengan menggunakan alpha cronbach, dengan hasil untuk Karakter Budaya Akademik terhadap IPK mahasiswa sebesar rhitung > rtabel (0,921 > 0,361) dan reliabilitas Sikap Ilmiah Akademik terhadap IPK mahasiswa sebesar rhitung > rtabel (0,893 > 0,361). Untuk mengetahui Karakter Budaya Akademik dan Sikap Ilmiah Akademik terhadap IPK mahasiswa digunakan rumus regresi linier berganda, dan persamaan regresi yang diperoleh Y= 0,742 + 0,009X1 + 0,020X2. Teknik Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji t pada taraf signifikan alpha 5%, dengan hasil yang diperoleh pada Karakter Budaya Akademik terhadap IPK mahasiswa berpengaruh signifikan dimana thitung > ttabel (2,351 > 1,687), dan Sikap Ilmiah Akdemik terhadap IPK mahasiswa berpengaruh signifikan dimana thitung > ttabel (5,134 > 1,687). Hasil yang diperoleh pada uji F menunjukkan bahwa variabel Karakter Budaya Akademik dan Sikap Ilmiah Akademik berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IPK mahasiswa, dengan nilai Fhitung > Ftabel (152,654 > 3,27). Dan diperoleh koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,897 atau 89% perubahan IPK mahasiswa dipengaruhi oleh Karakter Budaya Akademik dan Sikap Ilmiah Akademik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara Karakter Budaya Akdemik dan sikap Ilmiah Akademik terhadap Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif (IPK) mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Tata Niaga Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Medan T.A 2015.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENTS PAGE
APPROVAL ... i
APPROVAL AND RATIFICATION SHEET ... ii
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY ... iii
MOTTO ... iv
ACKNOWLEDMENTS ... v
ABSTRACT ... ix
ABSTRAK ... x
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... xi
LIST OF TABLES ... xiv
LIST OF FIGURES ... xv
LIST OF APPENDICES ... xvi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ... 1
1.1 Background of the Problem ... 1
1.2 Problem Identification ... 6
1.3 Scope of the Research ... 6
1.4 Research Questions ... 7
1.5 The Purposes of the Research ... 7
1.6 Benefit of the Research ... 8
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE... 9
2.1 Theoretical Framework ... 9
2.1.1 Academic Culture Character ... 9
xii
2.1.3 Academic Scientific Attitude... 20
2.1.4 Value of Academic Scientific Attitude in University Student ... 28
2.1.5 Academic Culture Character and Academic Scientific Attitude to GPA of University Student ... 43
2.2 Relevant Research ... 47
2.3Conceptual Framework ... 50
2.4 Hypothesis ... 53
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD ... 55
3.1 Location and Time of the Research ... 55
3.2 Population and Sample ... 55
3.3 Research Variables and Operational Definitions ... 57
3.4 Technique of Data Collection ... 58
3.5 Test of Research Instrument ... 62
3.6 Test of Classical Assumption ... 65
3.7 Technique of Data Analysis ... 66
CHAPTER IV: RESULT AND DATA ANALYSIS ... 70
4.1 Description of Research ... 70
4.1.1 Test of Research Instrument ... 70
4.1.2 Deskripsi Variabel Penelitian ... 76
4.1.3 Test of Classical Assumption ... 85
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4.2 Discussion of Research ... 93
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ... 99
5.1 Conclusions ... 99
5.2 Suggestions ... 99
REFERENCES ... 101
CURRICULUM VITAE ... 104
xiv
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1.1 List of University Student GPA Business Administration Sign in
Year 2012 Economics Faculty at State University of Medan ... 3
2.1 Grouping of Student Scientific Attitude ... 26
3.1 Table of population of business administration student in Economics Faculty Unimed sign in year 2012 ... 56
3.2 Table of sample of business administration student in Economics Faculty Unimed sign in year 2012 ... 57
3.3 Lay Out of Questionnaire (X1) ... 59
3.4 Lay Out of Questionnaire (X2) ... 60
4.1 Result of Validity Test of Academic Culture Character (�1) ... 71
4.2 Result of Reliability Test of Academic Culture Character (�1) ... 73
4.3 Result of Validity Test of Academic Scientific Attitude (�2) ... 74
4.4 Result of Reliability Test of Academic Scientific Attitude (�2) ... 75
4.5 Interval Limit ... 76
4.6 Average of Academic Culture Character of Business Administration Student ... 80
4.7 Average of Academic Scientific Attitude of Business Administration Student ... 83
4.8 GPA Scale of University Student ... 84
4.9 Result of Linearity Test (X1) ... 87
4.10 Result of Linearity Test (X2) ... 88
4.11 Results of Multiple Linear Regression ... 89
4.12 Hypothesis Result of Simultaneous (F-Test) ... 91
xv
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1.1 Graphic of GPA of Business Administration Student ... 4
2.1 Paradigm of the Impact among X1, X2 and Y Variable ... 53
4.1 Graph of Academic Culture Character of Business Administration Student Base on Questionnaire Items ... 80
4.2 Graph of Academic Scientific Attitude of Business Administration Student Base on Questionnaire Items ... 84
4.3 Scale Graph of GPA of Business Administration Student ... 85
4.4 Normality Graph of Variable (X1) ... 85
4.5 Normality Graph of Variable (X2) ... 86
xvi
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page
1. Research Questionnaire ... 105
2. Tabulation of Respondent at the Testing of Instrument Academic Culture Character (X1) ... 114
3. Tabulation of Respondent at the Testing of Instrument Academic Scientific Attitude (X2) ... 115
4. Validity Test of Academic Culture Character Questionnaire (X1) ... 116
5. Validity Test of Academic Scientific Attitude Questionnaire (X2) ... 127
6. Reliability Test of Questionnaire ... 138
7. Research Questionnaire After Validity Test ... 139
8. Tabulation of Calculation Result of the Academic Culture Character Questionnaire (X1) ... 145
9. Tabulation of Calculation Result of the Academic Scientific Attitude Questionnaire (X2) ... 146
10.List of GPA of Business Administration Student Sign In Year 2012 ... 147
11.Calculation Result of Multiple Regression and Hypothesis ... 148
12.Value of r Product Moment ... 149
13.Value of t-Test ... 150
14.Table of Distribution F-test ... 152
1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background of the Problem
Development and change of condition in this time is very fast with the
communication and information technology progress. It can give logical
consequences that need to create students that capable to adapt in every
development. So need to create the adaptive students. Then need efforts to
create scientific civilization in life at the students to use the equate with era
development, and tight competition in fast globalization and easy to
dissemination the information.
University students as the next generation who will be accompany this
Nation towards the aspired must try to development their capability, to grow
the creativity base on attitude and scientific thinking. With the development
of scientific attitude have positive consequences to students in think, logic,
and motivation their curiosity. Until they have view live and wide insight.
Furthermore the hope to improvement of this nation put in the hands of the
younger generation, cause the old generation apparently difficult to change
and changed by. So the younger generation now, hoped can be hard worker
generation, science of technology insight, honest, mandate, thrifty and never
give-up.
Indonesian have wealth of natural resource which overflow at the time
2
However the creativity of human resource will never disappeared, even will
be growth with the amazing inovations, if the university students are given
guidance from an early age by scientific activity as Human Investment until
the next future they can control and exploit science of technology in
recontruction of the Nation continuity.
Success of a education process in university can determine by high
and low the GPA of university student gotten. One of indicator in study
success can see from GPA. GPA is positive result that show the success
image of university student gotten in a activity or study process like change in
cognitive aspect, afective and psychomotor in effort to optimize her/his skill
by a activity her/his followed. GPA is education evaluation in university
about development and progress of university student relate with mastery of
subject matter in college which presentation for them also the values in
curriculum after done the evaluation. It show that GPA of university student
can’t know without evaluation of the university student.
In essentially of GPA is process of individual change with new
experience where the change to manifestation in pattern, behavior in afective,
cognitive and psychomotor, act, skill and knowledge also can see from the
study result. Thus GPA show the success of teach and study activity.
See the very important of GPA in university, certainly the university
will make the effort produce the university student with satisfied achievement
3
GPA <3,0. Next the data about GPA of business administration students in
sign year 2012 :
Table 1.1
List of University Student GPA Business Administration Sign in Year 2012 Economics Faculty at State University of Medan
Semester GPA Persons Regular % Persons Extension %
Source : Academic Information System, PUSKOM State University of Medan
When depicted in the graph would see as follows:
4
Extension
Figure 1.1
Graphic of GPA of Business Administration Student
From the data above can known still there are university student of
regular and extension who get GPA<3.0. This matter could be caused by the
low of culture character and scientific attitude of university student self in
university.
In simply, character education can be defined as any effort that can be
done to influence the character of university students. But to know the exact
meaning, it can explained the definition of character education. The definition
of character education is a deliberate attempt to help someone until she/he can
understand, attention, and do the ethics values that core.
According to Kistanto, et.al. (2000:77) character education can be
defined as the deliberate us of all dimensions of school life to foster optimal
character development. One of shape scientific culture is with the growth
academic scientific attitude in circle of university students. According to
5
Maizatul, (2005) Scientific attitude is curiosity, honest, humble, tolerance,
care about environment, critical to scientific statement, objective to fact,
conflict management, and aware the regularity of nature its mean creation of
Allah SWT.
The problem that appear in academic culture character and academic
scientific attitude of university student is less the involved and independent of
the student in study process. The university student who inclined passive, not
brave to said their argument, ashame to asked, until less good interaction
between lecturer and student also student and student. Another reason they
haven’t feel challenge in follow and master the course given lecturer.
Afterwards the university student still lazy to fine reference of the lesson
subject from another source and wifi facility not useful as maximal by the
university student. Also can known if the university student divided to some
group to finished the task in problem solve, only a few of university student
can do and capable to finished the matter given by lecturer, the while another
choose tell with their friends outside the lecture subject matter. Its mean the
teamwork attitude and responsible of the student in group still lower. In
general many constraints faced by students in gather the task not at the time,
discussion of reports tend to watch. University student have college module
only as the read resource without find another reference as increasing of
insight, its mean the student get less in carefulness and discipline.
In theoritical, university student who have high academic culture
6
that seen in GPA. Base on the explanation above the writer try to research in
how far the impact between academic culture character and academic
scientific attitude to GPA of university student, is it correct that university
student who have academic culture character and academic scientific attitude
have good value achievement in GPA.
Base on the background of the matter above, so the writer interest to
make research with the title : “The Impact of Academic Culture Character
and Academic Scientific Attitude to Grade Point Average (GPA) of Business Administration Student in Economics Faculty at State University of Medan Academic Year 2015”.
1.2 Problem Identification
Base on background of the problem of the research above, so the
writer make identify of the problem are :
1. How is academic culture character of the business administration student
in Economics Faculty at State University of Medan ?
2. How is academic scientific attitude of the business administration student
in Economics Faculty at State University of Medan ?
3. How about the GPA of the business administration student at State
University of Medan ?
1.3Scope of the Research
To avoid the confusion in this research need the limitation of the
7
this research are about the impact of academic culture character and academic
scientific attitude to GPA of business administration students in Economics
Faculty at State University of Medan at Sign in Year 2012.
1.4Research Questions
Formulation of the problem in this research is as follows:
1. Is there impact of academic culture character to GPA of business
administration students in Economics Faculty at State University of
Medan at Academic Year 2015 ?
2. Is there impact of academic scientific attitude to GPA of business
administration students in Economics Faculty at State University of
Medan at Academic Year 2015 ?
3. Is there impact of academic culture character and academic scientific
attitude to GPA of business administration students in Economics Faculty
at State University of Medan at Academic Year 2015 ?
1.5 The Purposes of the Research
Appropriate with formulation of the problem above the purposes in
this research are :
1. To know the impact of academic culture character to GPA of business
administration students in Economics Faculty at State University of
8
2. To know the impact of academic scientific attitude to GPA of business
administration students in Economics Faculty at State University of
Medan at Academic Year 2015
3. To know the impact of academic culture character and academic scientific
attitude to GPA of business administration students in Economics Faculty
at State University of Medan at Academic Year 2015
1.6Benefit of the Research
The research benefits which expected from this research are:
1. To improve the knowledge and skill of the writer in research area, well in
arranging although the application in the field.
2. Enrich the research treasury of academic culture character, academic
scientific attitude and GPA.
3. As a reference and input for the academic community of Economics
Faculty at State University of Medan also contribution of the thinking for
99 CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1Conclusions
Based on the results of research and discussion in chapter IV, so can put
explain some conclusions, there are:
1. There is a positive and significant impact between academic culture character
(�1) to GPA of Business Administration student in Economics Faculty
Unimed sign in year 2012.
2. There is a positive and significant impact between academic scientific attitude
(�2) to GPA of Business Administration student in Economics Faculty
Unimed sign in year 2012.
3. There is a positive and significant impact between academic culture character
(�1) and academic scientific attitude (�2) to GPA (Y) of Business
Administration student in Economics Faculty Unimed sign in year 2012.
4. Academic Culture Character and Academic Scientific Attitude have
contribution 89% to increasing the GPA of business administration university
students.
5.2Suggestions
1. The results of this research have shown that academic culture character and
academic scientific attitude of a university student have affect positively and
100
lecturer to always improve the character education and academic scientific
attitude to university student. Give motivation to the university student to
learn, train the scientific attitude of university student and tried to form an
independent culture character of students in learning with admonish university
student to don’t cheat in exam although doing task again. Must believe to their
ability and always to try something by thierselves.
2. To the university student to more actively in promote the academic scientific
attitude and academic culture character in effort to improve their achievement
study.
3. To the next research need to considered the other factors that can affect
increase GPA of university student both internal factors, external factors
101
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