IJCSI
IJCSI
International Journal of
Computer Science Issues
Volume 9, Issue 4, No 3, July 2012
ISSN (Online): 1694-0814
© IJCSI PUBLICATION
www.IJCSI.org
IJCSI proceedings are currently indexed by:
IJCSI Publicity Board 2012
Dr. Borislav D Dimitrov
Department of General Practice, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Dublin, Ireland
Dr. Vishal Goyal
Department of Computer Science, Punjabi University
Patiala, India
Mr. Nehinbe Joshua
University of Essex
Colchester, Essex, UK
Mr. Vassilis Papataxiarhis
Department of Informatics and Telecommunications
IJCSI Editorial Board 2012
Dr Tristan Vanrullen
Chief Editor
LPL, Laboratoire Parole et Langage - CNRS - Aix en Provence, France
LABRI, Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique - INRIA - Bordeaux, France
LEEE, Laboratoire d'Esthétique et Expérimentations de l'Espace - Université d'Auvergne, France
Dr Constantino Malagôn
Associate Professor
Nebrija University
Spain
Dr Lamia Fourati Chaari
Associate Professor
Multimedia and Informatics Higher Institute in SFAX
Tunisia
Dr Mokhtar Beldjehem
Professor
Sainte-Anne University
Halifax, NS, Canada
Dr Pascal Chatonnay
Assistant Professor
MaÎtre de Conférences
Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'Université de Franche-Comté
Université de Franche-Comté
France
Dr Karim Mohammed Rezaul
Centre for Applied Internet Research (CAIR)
Glyndwr University
Wrexham, United Kingdom
Dr Yee-Ming Chen
Professor
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management
Yuan Ze University
Taiwan
Dr Gitesh K. Raikundalia
School of Engineering and Science,
Victoria University
Dr Vishal Goyal
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science
Punjabi University
Patiala, India
Dr Dalbir Singh
Faculty of Information Science And Technology
National University of Malaysia
Malaysia
Dr Natarajan Meghanathan
Assistant Professor
REU Program Director
Department of Computer Science
Jackson State University
Jackson, USA
Dr Deepak Laxmi Narasimha
Department of Software Engineering,
Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology,
University of Malaya,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Dr. Prabhat K. Mahanti
Professor
Computer Science Department,
University of New Brunswick
Saint John, N.B., E2L 4L5, Canada
Dr Navneet Agrawal
Assistant Professor
Department of ECE,
College of Technology & Engineering,
MPUAT, Udaipur 313001 Rajasthan, India
Dr Panagiotis Michailidis
Division of Computer Science and Mathematics,
University of Western Macedonia,
53100 Florina, Greece
Dr T. V. Prasad
Professor
Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
Lingaya's University
Dr Saqib Rasool Chaudhry
Wireless Networks and Communication Centre
261 Michael Sterling Building
Brunel University West London, UK, UB8 3PH
Dr Shishir Kumar
Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
Jaypee University of Engineering & Technology
Raghogarh, MP, India
Dr P. K. Suri
Professor
Department of Computer Science & Applications,
Kurukshetra University,
Kurukshetra, India
Dr Paramjeet Singh
Associate Professor
GZS College of Engineering & Technology,
India
Dr Majid Bakhtiari
Faculty of Computer Science & Information System
University technology Malaysia
Skudai, 81310 Johore, Malaysia
Dr Shaveta Rani
Associate Professor
GZS College of Engineering & Technology,
India
Dr. Seema Verma
Associate Professor,
Department Of Electronics,
Banasthali University,
Rajasthan - 304022, India
Dr G. Ganesan
Professor
Department of Mathematics,
Adikavi Nannaya University,
Rajahmundry, A.P, India
Dr A. V. Senthil Kumar
Department of MCA,
Dr Mashiur Rahman
Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science,
Institute For Molecular Science, National Institute of Natural Sciences,
Miyodaiji, Okazaki, Japan
Dr Jyoteesh Malhotra
ECE Department,
Guru Nanak Dev University,
Jalandhar, Punjab, India
Dr R. Ponnusamy
Professor
Department of Computer Science & Engineering,
Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology,
Vinayaga Missions University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
Dr Nittaya Kerdprasop
Associate Professor
School of Computer Engineering,
Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand
Dr Manish Kumar Jindal
Department of Computer Science and Applications,
Panjab University Regional Centre, Muktsar, Punjab, India
Dr Deepak Garg
Computer Science and Engineering Department,
Thapar University, India
Dr P. V. S. Srinivas
Professor
Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
Geethanjali College of Engineering and Technology
Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
Dr Sara Moein
CMSSP Lab, Block A, 2nd Floor, Faculty of Engineering,
MultiMedia University, Malaysia
Dr Rajender Singh Chhillar
Professor
EDITORIAL
In this fourth edition of 2012, we bring forward issues from various dynamic computer science
fields ranging from system performance, computer vision, artificial intelligence, software
engineering, multimedia, pattern recognition, information retrieval, databases, security and
networking among others.
Considering the growing interest of academics worldwide to publish in IJCSI, we invite
universities and institutions to partner with us to further encourage open-access publications.
As always we thank all our reviewers for providing constructive comments on papers sent to
them for review. This helps enormously in improving the quality of papers published in this
issue.
Google Scholar reported a large amount of cited papers published in IJCSI. We will continue to
encourage the readers, authors and reviewers and the computer science scientific community and
interested authors to continue citing papers published by the journal.
It was with pleasure and a sense of satisfaction that we announced in mid March 2011 our 2-year
Impact Factor which is evaluated at 0.242. For more information about this please see the 3
rdquestion in the FAQ section of the journal.
Apart from availability of the full-texts from the journal website, all published papers are
deposited in open-access repositories to make access easier and ensure continuous availability of
its proceedings free of charge for all researchers.
We are pleased to present IJCSI Volume 9, Issue 4, No 3, July 2012 (IJCSI Vol. 9, Issue 4, No
3). The acceptance rate for this issue is 32.09%.
IJCSI Editorial Board
July 2012 Issue
IJCSI Reviewers Committee 2012
Mr. Markus Schatten, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Organization and Informatics, Croatia
Mr. Vassilis Papataxiarhis, Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Dr Modestos Stavrakis, University of the Aegean, Greece
Dr Fadi KHALIL, LAAS -- CNRS Laboratory, France
Dr Dimitar Trajanov, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information technologies, ss. Cyril and Methodius Univesity - Skopje, Macedonia
Dr Jinping Yuan, College of Information System and Management,National Univ. of Defense Tech., China
Dr Alexis Lazanas, Ministry of Education, Greece
Dr Stavroula Mougiakakou, University of Bern, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, Switzerland
Dr Cyril de Runz, CReSTIC-SIC, IUT de Reims, University of Reims, France
Mr. Pramodkumar P. Gupta, Dept of Bioinformatics, Dr D Y Patil University, India
Dr Alireza Fereidunian, School of ECE, University of Tehran, Iran
Mr. Fred Viezens, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany
Dr. Richard G. Bush, Lawrence Technological University, United States
Dr. Ola Osunkoya, Information Security Architect, USA
Mr. Kotsokostas N.Antonios, TEI Piraeus, Hellas
Prof Steven Totosy de Zepetnek, U of Halle-Wittenberg & Purdue U & National Sun Yat-sen U, Germany, USA, Taiwan
Mr. M Arif Siddiqui, Najran University, Saudi Arabia
Ms. Ilknur Icke, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, USA
Prof Miroslav Baca, Faculty of Organization and Informatics, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Dr. Elvia Ruiz Beltrán, Instituto Tecnológico de Aguascalientes, Mexico
Mr. Moustafa Banbouk, Engineer du Telecom, UAE
Mr. Kevin P. Monaghan, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
Ms. Moira Stephens, University of Sydney, Australia
Ms. Maryam Feily, National Advanced IPv6 Centre of Excellence (NAV6) , Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia
Dr. Constantine YIALOURIS, Informatics Laboratory Agricultural University of Athens, Greece
Mrs. Angeles Abella, U. de Montreal, Canada
Dr. Patrizio Arrigo, CNR ISMAC, italy
Mr. Dinesh Kumar, DAV Institute of Engineering & Technology, India
Mr. Jorge L. Hernandez-Ardieta, INDRA SISTEMAS / University Carlos III of Madrid, Spain
Mr. AliReza Shahrestani, University of Malaya (UM), National Advanced IPv6 Centre of Excellence (NAv6), Malaysia
Mr. Blagoj Ristevski, Faculty of Administration and Information Systems Management - Bitola, Republic of Macedonia
Mr. Mauricio Egidio Cantão, Department of Computer Science / University of São Paulo, Brazil
Mr. Jules Ruis, Fractal Consultancy, The netherlands
Mr. Mohammad Iftekhar Husain, University at Buffalo, USA
Dr. Deepak Laxmi Narasimha, Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Malaysia
Dr. Paola Di Maio, DMEM University of Strathclyde, UK
Dr. Bhanu Pratap Singh, Institute of Instrumentation Engineering, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, India
Mr. Sana Ullah, Inha University, South Korea
Mr. Cornelis Pieter Pieters, Condast, The Netherlands
Dr. Amogh Kavimandan, The MathWorks Inc., USA
Dr. Zhinan Zhou, Samsung Telecommunications America, USA
Mr. Alberto de Santos Sierra, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
Dr. Md. Atiqur Rahman Ahad, Department of Applied Physics, Electronics & Communication Engineering (APECE), University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Dr. Charalampos Bratsas, Lab of Medical Informatics, Medical Faculty, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
Ms. Alexia Dini Kounoudes, Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus
Dr. Jorge A. Ruiz-Vanoye, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Mexico
Dr. Alejandro Fuentes Penna, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, México
Dr. Ocotlán Díaz-Parra, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, México
Mrs. Nantia Iakovidou, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Mr. Vinay Chopra, DAV Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jalandhar
Ms. Carmen Lastres, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - Centre for Smart Environments, Spain
Dr. Sanja Lazarova-Molnar, United Arab Emirates University, UAE
Mr. Srikrishna Nudurumati, Imaging & Printing Group R&D Hub, Hewlett-Packard, India
Dr. Olivier Nocent, CReSTIC/SIC, University of Reims, France
Mr. Burak Cizmeci, Isik University, Turkey
Mr. Md. Rabiul Islam, Rajshahi university of Engineering & Technology (RUET), Bangladesh
Dr. LAKHOUA Mohamed Najeh, ISSAT - Laboratory of Analysis and Control of Systems, Tunisia
Dr. Alessandro Lavacchi, Department of Chemistry - University of Firenze, Italy
Mr. Mungwe, University of Oldenburg, Germany
Mr. Somnath Tagore, Dr D Y Patil University, India
Ms. Xueqin Wang, ATCS, USA
Dr. Borislav D Dimitrov, Department of General Practice, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
Dr. Fondjo Fotou Franklin, Langston University, USA
Dr. Vishal Goyal, Department of Computer Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
Mr. Thomas J. Clancy, ACM, United States
Dr. Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed, Dr. in Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, menouf 32951, Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering Department, Menoufia university, EGYPT, EGYPT
Dr. Rushed Kanawati, LIPN, France
Mr. Koteshwar Rao, K G Reddy College Of ENGG.&TECH,CHILKUR, RR DIST.,AP, India
Mr. M. Nagesh Kumar, Department of Electronics and Communication, J.S.S. research foundation, Mysore University, Mysore-6, India
Dr. Ibrahim Noha, Grenoble Informatics Laboratory, France
Mr. Muhammad Yasir Qadri, University of Essex, UK
Mr. Annadurai .P, KMCPGS, Lawspet, Pondicherry, India, (Aff. Pondicherry Univeristy, India
Mr. E Munivel , CEDTI (Govt. of India), India
Dr. Chitra Ganesh Desai, University of Pune, India
Mr. Syed, Analytical Services & Materials, Inc., USA
Mrs. Payal N. Raj, Veer South Gujarat University, India
Mrs. Priti Maheshwary, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India
Mr. Mahesh Goyani, S.P. University, India, India
Mr. Vinay Verma, Defence Avionics Research Establishment, DRDO, India
Dr. George A. Papakostas, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
Mr. Abhijit Sanjiv Kulkarni, DARE, DRDO, India
Mr. Kavi Kumar Khedo, University of Mauritius, Mauritius
Dr. B. Sivaselvan, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing, Kancheepuram, IIT Madras Campus, India
Dr. Partha Pratim Bhattacharya, Greater Kolkata College of Engineering and Management, West Bengal University of Technology, India
Dr. Siddhartha Kumar Khaitan, Iowa State University, USA
Dr. Mandhapati Raju, General Motors Inc, USA
Dr. M.Iqbal Saripan, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
Mr. Ahmad Shukri Mohd Noor, University Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
Mr. Selvakuberan K, TATA Consultancy Services, India
Dr. Smita Rajpal, Institute of Technology and Management, Gurgaon, India
Mr. Rakesh Kachroo, Tata Consultancy Services, India
Mr. Raman Kumar, National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab., India
Mr. Nitesh Sureja, S.P.University, India
Dr. M. Emre Celebi, Louisiana State University, Shreveport, USA
Dr. Aung Kyaw Oo, Defence Services Academy, Myanmar
Mr. Sanjay P. Patel, Sankalchand Patel College of Engineering, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
Dr. Pascal Fallavollita, Queens University, Canada
Mr. Jitendra Agrawal, Rajiv Gandhi Technological University, Bhopal, MP, India
Mr. Ismael Rafael Ponce Medellín, Cenidet (Centro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico), Mexico
Mr. Shoukat Ullah, Govt. Post Graduate College Bannu, Pakistan
Dr. Vivian Augustine, Telecom Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe
Mrs. Mutalli Vatila, Offshore Business Philipines, Philipines
Mr. Pankaj Kumar, SAMA, India
Dr. Himanshu Aggarwal, Punjabi University,Patiala, India
Dr. Vauvert Guillaume, Europages, France
Prof Yee Ming Chen, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Yuan Ze University, Taiwan
Dr. Constantino Malagón, Nebrija University, Spain
Prof Kanwalvir Singh Dhindsa, B.B.S.B.Engg.College, Fatehgarh Sahib (Punjab), India
Mr. Angkoon Phinyomark, Prince of Singkla University, Thailand
Ms. Nital H. Mistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, India
Dr. M.R.Sumalatha, Anna University, India
Mr. Somesh Kumar Dewangan, Disha Institute of Management and Technology, India
Mr. Raman Maini, Punjabi University, Patiala(Punjab)-147002, India
Dr. Abdelkader Outtagarts, Alcatel-Lucent Bell-Labs, France
Mr. Prabu Mohandas, Anna University/Adhiyamaan College of Engineering, india
Dr. Manish Kumar Jindal, Panjab University Regional Centre, Muktsar, India
Prof Mydhili K Nair, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technnology, Bangalore, India
Dr. C. Suresh Gnana Dhas, VelTech MultiTech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala Engineering College,Chennai,Tamilnadu, India
Prof Akash Rajak, Krishna Institute of Engineering and Technology, Ghaziabad, India
Mr. Ajay Kumar Shrivastava, Krishna Institute of Engineering & Technology, Ghaziabad, India
Dr. Vu Thanh Nguyen, University of Information Technology HoChiMinh City, VietNam
Prof Deo Prakash, SMVD University (A Technical University open on I.I.T. Pattern) Kakryal (J&K), India
Dr. Navneet Agrawal, Dept. of ECE, College of Technology & Engineering, MPUAT, Udaipur 313001 Rajasthan, India
Mr. Sufal Das, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, India
Mr. Anil Kumar, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, India
Dr. B. Prasanalakshmi, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
Dr. K D Verma, S.V. (P.G.) College, Aligarh, India
Mr. Mohd Nazri Ismail, System and Networking Department, University of Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), Malaysia
Dr. Nguyen Tuan Dang, University of Information Technology, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
Dr. Abdul Aziz, University of Central Punjab, Pakistan
Dr. P. Vasudeva Reddy, Andhra University, India
Mrs. Savvas A. Chatzichristofis, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
Mr. Marcio Dorn, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS Institute of Informatics, Brazil
Mr. Luca Mazzola, University of Lugano, Switzerland
Mr. Hafeez Ullah Amin, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Pakistan
Dr. Professor Vikram Singh, Ch. Devi Lal University, Sirsa (Haryana), India
Dr. Shahanawaj Ahamad, Department of Computer Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Dr. K. Duraiswamy, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, India
Prof. Dr Mazlina Esa, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
Dr. P. Vasant, Power Control Optimization (Global), Malaysia
Dr. Taner Tuncer, Firat University, Turkey
Dr. Norrozila Sulaiman, University Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
Prof. S K Gupta, BCET, Guradspur, India
Mr. M. Azath, Anna University, India
Dr. P. Suresh Varma, Adikavi Nannaya University, India
Prof. V. N. Kamalesh, JSS Academy of Technical Education, India
Dr. D Gunaseelan, Ibri College of Technology, Oman
Mr. Sanjay Kumar Anand, CDAC, India
Mr. Akshat Verma, CDAC, India
Mrs. Fazeela Tunnisa, Najran University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Mr. Hasan Asil, Islamic Azad University Tabriz Branch (Azarshahr), Iran
Prof. Dr Sajal Kabiraj, Fr. C Rodrigues Institute of Management Studies (Affiliated to University of Mumbai, India), India
Mr. Syed Fawad Mustafa, GAC Center, Shandong University, China
Dr. Natarajan Meghanathan, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
Prof. Selvakani Kandeeban, Francis Xavier Engineering College, India
Mr. Tohid Sedghi, Urmia University, Iran
Dr. S. Sasikumar, PSNA College of Engg and Tech, Dindigul, India
Dr. Anupam Shukla, Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management Gwalior, India
Mr. Rahul Kala, Indian Institute of Inforamtion Technology and Management Gwalior, India
Dr. A V Nikolov, National University of Lesotho, Lesotho
Mr. Kamal Sarkar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, India
Prof. Sattar J Aboud, Iraqi Council of Representatives, Iraq-Baghdad
Dr. Prasant Kumar Pattnaik, Department of CSE, KIST, India
Dr. Mohammed Amoon, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Dr. Tsvetanka Georgieva, Department of Information Technologies, St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria
Mr. Ujjal Marjit, University of Kalyani, West-Bengal, India
Dr. Prasant Kumar Pattnaik, KIST,Bhubaneswar,India, India
Dr. Guezouri Mustapha, Department of Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (USTO), Oran, Algeria
Mr. Maniyar Shiraz Ahmed, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
Dr. Sreedhar Reddy, JNTU, SSIETW, Hyderabad, India
Mr. Bala Dhandayuthapani Veerasamy, Mekelle University, Ethiopa
Mr. Arash Habibi Lashkari, University of Malaya (UM), Malaysia
Ms. Habib Izadkhah, Tabriz University, Iran
Dr. Lokesh Kumar Sharma, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University Bhilai, India
Mr. Kuldeep Yadav, IIIT Delhi, India
Dr. Naoufel Kraiem, Institut Superieur d'Informatique, Tunisia
Prof. Frank Ortmeier, Otto-von-Guericke-Universitaet Magdeburg, Germany
Mr. Ashraf Aljammal, USM, Malaysia
Mrs. Amandeep Kaur, Department of Computer Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
Mr. Babak Basharirad, University Technology of Malaysia, Malaysia
Mr. Avinash singh, Kiet Ghaziabad, India
Dr. Miguel Vargas-Lombardo, Technological University of Panama, Panama
Dr. Tuncay Sevindik, Firat University, Turkey
Ms. Pavai Kandavelu, Anna University Chennai, India
Mr. Ravish Khichar, Global Institute of Technology, India
Mr Aos Alaa Zaidan Ansaef, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
Dr. Awadhesh Kumar Sharma, Dept. of CSE, MMM Engg College, Gorakhpur-273010, UP, India
Mr. Qasim Siddique, FUIEMS, Pakistan
Dr. Le Hoang Thai, University of Science, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Dr. Saravanan C, NIT, Durgapur, India
Dr. Vijay Kumar Mago, DAV College, Jalandhar, India
Dr. Do Van Nhon, University of Information Technology, Vietnam
Dr. Georgios Kioumourtzis, Researcher, University of Patras, Greece
Mr. Amol D.Potgantwar, SITRC Nasik, India
Mr. Lesedi Melton Masisi, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa
Dr. Karthik.S, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, India
Mr. Nafiz Imtiaz Bin Hamid, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Bangladesh
Mr. Muhammad Imran Khan, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia
Dr. Abdul Kareem M. Radhi, Information Engineering - Nahrin University, Iraq
Dr. Manuj Darbari, BBDNITM, Institute of Technology, A-649, Indira Nagar, Lucknow 226016, India
Ms. Izerrouken, INP-IRIT, France
Mr. Nitin Ashokrao Naik, Dept. of Computer Science, Yeshwant Mahavidyalaya, Nanded, India
Prof. Maher Ben Jemaa, National School of Engineers of Sfax, Tunisia
Prof. Rajeshwar Singh, BRCM College of Engineering and Technology, Bahal Bhiwani, Haryana, India
Mr. Gaurav Kumar, Department of Computer Applications, Chitkara Institute of Engineering and Technology, Rajpura, Punjab, India
Mr. Ajeet Kumar Pandey, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
Mr. Rajiv Phougat, IBM Corporation, USA
Mrs. Aysha V, College of Applied Science Pattuvam affiliated with Kannur University, India
Dr. Debotosh Bhattacharjee, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India
Dr. Neelam Srivastava, Institute of engineering & Technology, Lucknow, India
Prof. Sweta Verma, Galgotia's College of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida, India
Mr. Harminder Singh BIndra, MIMIT, INDIA
Mr. Tarun Kumar, U.P. Technical University/Radha Govinend Engg. College, India
Mr. Tirthraj Rai, Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
Mr. Akhilesh Tiwari, Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, India
Mr. Dakshina Ranjan Kisku, Dr. B. C. Roy Engineering College, WBUT, India
Ms. Anu Suneja, Maharshi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Haryana, India
Mr. Munish Kumar Jindal, Punjabi University Regional Centre, Jaito (Faridkot), India
Dr. Ashraf Bany Mohammed, Management Information Systems Department, Faculty of Administrative and Financial Sciences, Petra University, Jordan
Mrs. Jyoti Jain, R.G.P.V. Bhopal, India
Dr. Lamia Chaari, SFAX University, Tunisia
Mr. Akhter Raza Syed, Department of Computer Science, University of Karachi, Pakistan
Prof. Khubaib Ahmed Qureshi, Information Technology Department, HIMS, Hamdard University, Pakistan
Prof. Boubker Sbihi, Ecole des Sciences de L'Information, Morocco
Dr. S. M. Riazul Islam, Inha University, South Korea
Prof. Lokhande S.N., S.R.T.M.University, Nanded (MH), India
Dr. Vijay H Mankar, Dept. of Electronics, Govt. Polytechnic, Nagpur, India
Mr. Ojesanmi Olusegun, Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo, Nigeria
Ms. Mamta Juneja, RBIEBT, PTU, India
Prof. Chandra Mohan, John Bosco Engineering College, India
Dr. Bodhe Shrikant K., College of Engineering, Pandhapur, Maharashtra, INDIA
Mr. Sunil Kashibarao Nayak, Bahirji Smarak Mahavidyalaya, Basmathnagar Dist-Hingoli., India
Prof. Nikhil gondaliya, G H Patel College of Engg. & Technology, India
Mr. Nisheeth Joshi, Apaji Institute, Banasthali University, India
Mr. Nizar, National Ingineering School of Monastir, Tunisia
Prof. R. Jagadeesh Kannan, RMK Engineering College, India
Prof. Rakesh.L, Vijetha Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India
Mr B. M. Patil, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
Dr. Intisar A. M. Al Sayed, Associate prof./College of Science and IT/Al Isra University, Jordan
Mr. Thipendra Pal Singh, Sharda University, K.P. III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
Mrs. Rajalakshmi, JIITU, India
Mr. Shrikant Ardhapurkar, Indian Institute of Information Techonology, India
Ms. Hemalatha R, Osmania University, India
Mr. Hadi Saboohi, University of Malaya - Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Malaysia
Mr. Sunil Kumar Grandhi, Maris Stella College, India
Prof. Shishir K. Shandilya, NRI Institute of Science & Technology, INDIA
Dr. Umesh Kumar Singh, Vikram University, Ujjain, India
Prof. Prasun Ghosal, Bengal Engineering and Science University, India
Dr. Nagarajan Velmurugan, SMVEC/Pondicherry University, India
Dr. R. Baskaran, Anna University, India
Dr. Wichian Sittiprapaporn, Mahasarakham University College of Music, Thailand
Mr. Lai Khin Wee, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
Dr. Kamaljit I. Lakhtaria, Atmiya Institute of Technology, India
Mrs. Inderpreet Kaur, PTU, Jalandhar, India
Mr. Palaniyappan, K7 Virus Research Laboratory, India
Mr. Guanbo Zheng, University of Houston, main campus, USA
Mr. Arun Kumar Tripathi, Krishna Institute of Engg. and Tech-Ghaziabad, Affilated to UPTU, India
Mr. Iqbaldeep Kaur, PTU / RBIEBT, India
Mr. Amit Choudhary, Maharaja Surajmal Institute, New Delhi, India
Mrs. Vasudha Bahl, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
Dr. Manish Kumar, Uttar Pradesh Technical University, India
Prof. Vinay Uttamrao Kale, P.R.M. Institute of Technology & Research, Badnera, Amravati, Maharashtra, India
Mr. Suhas J Manangi, Microsoft, India
Mr. Shyamalendu Kandar, Haldia Institute of Technology, India
Ms. Anna Kuzio, Adam Mickiewicz University, School of English, Poland
Mr. Vikas Singla, Malout Institute of Management & Information Technology, Malout, Punjab, India, India
Dr. Dalbir Singh, Faculty of Information Science And Technology, National University of Malaysia, Malaysia
Dr. Saurabh Mukherjee, PIM, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, M.P, India
Mr. Senthilnathan T, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, India
Dr. Debojyoti Mitra, Sir Padampat Singhania University, India
Prof. Rachit Garg, Department of Computer Science, L K College, India
Dr. Arun Kumar Gupta, M.S. College, Saharanpur, India
Dr. Todor Todorov, Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria
Mrs. Manjula K A, Kannur University, India
Mrs. Sasikala R., K S R College of Technology, India
Prof. M. Saleem Babu, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech University, Chennai, India
Dr. Rajesh Kumar Tiwari, GLA Institute of Technology, India
Mr. Rakesh Kumar, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
Prof. Amit Verma, PTU/RBIEBT, India
Mr. Sohan Purohit, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA
Mr. Anand Kumar, AMC Engineering College, Bangalore, India
Dr. Samir Abdelrahman, Computer Science Department, Cairo University, Egypt
Dr. Rama Prasad V Vaddella, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, India
Dr. Manoj Wadhwa, Echelon Institute of Technology Faridabad, India
Mr. Zeashan Hameed Khan, Université de Grenoble, France
Mr. Arup Kumar Pal, Indian SChool of Mines, Dhanbad, India
Dr. Pouya, Islamic Azad University,Naein Branch, iran
Prof. Jyoti Prakash Singh, Academy of Technology, India
Mr. Muraleedharan CV, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, India
Dr. E U Okike, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Kampala Int Univ Uganda, Nigeria
Mr. Peyman Taher, Oklahoma State University, USA
Dr. S Srinivasan, PDM College of Engineering, India
Dr. Rafiqul Zaman Khan, Department of Computer Science, AMU, Aligarh, India
Ms. Meenakshi Kalia, Shobhit University, India
Mr. Muhammad Zakarya, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan, Pakistan
Dr. M Gobi, PSG college, India
Mr. Williamjeet Singh, Chitkara Institute of Engineering and Technology, India
Mr. G.Jeyakumar, Amrita School of Engineering, India
Mr. Osama Sohaib, University of Balochistan, Pakistan
Mr. Jude Hemanth, Karunya University, India
Mr. Nitin Rakesh, Jaypee University of Information Technology, India
Mr. Harmunish Taneja, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
Dr. Sin-Ban Ho, Faculty of IT, Multimedia University, Malaysia
Dr. Mashiur Rahman, Institute for Molecular Science, Japan
Mrs. Doreen Hephzibah Miriam, Anna University, Chennai, India
Mr. Kosala Yapa Bandara, Dublin City University, Ireland.
Mrs. Mitu Dhull, GNKITMS Yamuna Nagar Haryana, India
Dr. Chitra A.Dhawale, Professor, Symbiosis Institute of Computer Studies and Research, Pune (MS), India
Dr. Arun Sharma, GB Technical University, Noida, India
Mr. Naoufel Machta, Faculty of Science of Tunis, Tunisia
Dr. Utpal Biswas, University of Kalyani, India
Prof. Parma Nand, IIT Roorkee, India
Prof. Mahesh P K, Jnana Vikas Institute of Tevhnology, Bangalore, India
Dr. D.I. George Amalarethinam, Jamal Mohamed College, Bharathidasan University, India
Mr. Ishtiaq ahmad, University of Engineering & Technology, Taxila, Pakistan
Mrs. B.Sharmila, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore Anna University Coimbatore, India
Dr. Muhammad Wasif Nisar, COMSATS Institue of Information Technology, Pakistan
Mr. Prabu Dorairaj, EMC Corporation, India/USA
Mr. Neetesh Gupta, Technocrats Inst. of Technology, Bhopal, India
Ms. A. Lavanya, Manipal University, Karnataka, India
Dr. Jalal Laassiri, MIA-Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Rabat, Morocco
Mr. Ganesan, Sri Venkateswara college of Engineering and Technology, Thiruvallur, India
Mr. V.Ramakrishnan, Sri Venkateswara college of Engineering and Technology, Thiruvallur, India
Prof. Vuda Sreenivasarao, St. Mary's college of Engg & Tech, India
Prof. Ashutosh Kumar Dubey, Assistant Professor, India
Dr. R.Ramesh, Anna University, India
Mr. Ali Khadair HMood, University of Malaya, Malaysia
Dr. Vimal Mishra, U.P. Technical Education, India
Mr. Ranjit Singh, Apeejay Institute of Management, Jalandhar, India
Mrs. D.Suganyadevi, SNR SONS College (Autonomous), India
Mr. Prasad S.Halgaonkar, MIT, Pune University, India
Mr. Vijay Kumar, College of Engg. and Technology, IFTM, Moradabad(U.P), India
Mr. Mehran Parchebafieh, Douran, Iran
Mr. Anand Sharma, MITS, Lakshmangarh, Sikar (Rajasthan), India
Mr. Amit Kumar, Jaypee University of Engineering and Technology, India
Prof. B.L.Shivakumar, SNR Sons College, Coimbatore, India
Mr. Mohammed Imran, JMI, India
Dr. R Bremananth, School of EEE, Information Engineering (Div.), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Prof. Vasavi Bande, Computer Science and Engneering, Hyderabad Institute of Technology and Management, India
Dr. S.R.Balasundaram, National Institute of Technology, India
Dr. Prasart Nuangchalerm, Mahasarakham University, Thailand
Dr. M Ayoub Khan, C-DAC, Ministry of Communications & IT., India
Dr. Jagdish Lal Raheja, Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute, India
Mr G. Appasami, Dept. of CSE, Dr. Pauls Engineering College, Anna University - Chennai, India
Mr Vimal Mishra, U.P. Technical Education, Allahabad, India
Mr. Amin Daneshmand Malayeri, Young Researchers Club, Islamic AZAD University, Malayer Branch, Iran
Dr. Arti Arya, PES School of Engineering, Bangalore (under VTU, Belgaum, Karnataka), India
Mr. Pawan Jindal, J.U.E.T. Guna, M.P., India
Dr. Soumen Mukherjee, RCC Institute of Information Technology, India
Dr. Mokhled AlTarawneh, PhD computer engineering/ Faulty of engineerin/ mutah university, jordan
Prof. Santhosh.P.Mathew, Saintgits College of Engineering, Kottayam, India
Ms. Suman Lata, Rayat Bahara institue of engg. & Nanotechnology,Hoshiarpur, India
Dr. Shaikh Abdul Hannan, Vivekanand College, Aurangabad, India
Prof. PN Kumar, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
Dr. P. K. Suri, Department of Computer Science & Applications, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
Dr. Syed Akhter Hossain, Daffodil International University, Bangladesh
Mr. Sunil, Vignan College, India
Mr. Ajit Singh, TIT&S Bhiwani, Haryana, India
Mr. Nasim Qaisar, Federal Urdu Univetrsity of Arts , Science and Technology, Pakistan
Ms. Rshma, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, India
Mr. Gaurav Kumar Leekha, M.M.University, Solan (Himachal Pardesh), India
Mr. Ordinor Tucker, Ministry of Finance Jamaica, Jamaica
Mr. Mohit Jain, Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology (Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi), India
Dr. Shaveta Rani, GZS College of Engineering & Technology, India
Dr. Paramjeet Singh, GZS College of Engineering & Technology, India
Dr. G R Sinha, SSCET, India
Mr. Chetan Sharma, TechMahindra India Ltd., India
Dr. Nabil Mohammed Ali Munassar, University of Science and Technology, Yemen
Prof. T Venkat Narayana Rao, Department of CSE, Hyderabad Institute of Technology and Management , India
Prof. Vasavi Bande, HITAM, Engineering College, India
Prof. S.P.Setty, Andhra University, India
Dr. C. Kiran Mai, J.N.T.University,Hyderabad/VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering & Technology/, India
Ms. Bindiya Ahuja, Manav Rachna International University, India
Mrs. Deepa Bura, Manav Rachna International University, India
Mr. Vikas Gupta, CDLM Government Engineering College, Panniwala Mota, India
Dr Juan José Martínez Castillo, University of Yacambu, Venezuela
Mr Kunwar S. Vaisla, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, BCT Kumaon Engineering College, India
Mr. Abhishek Shukla, RKGIT, India
Mr. Syed Imran, University College Cork, Ireland
Dr. Intisar Al Said, Associate Prof/Al Isra University, Jordan
Dr. Namfon Assawamekin, University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce, Thailand
Dr. Shiv KUmar, Technocrat Institute of Technology-Bhopal (M.P.), India
Dr. Shahaboddin Shamshirband, Islamic Azad University, Iran
Dr. Shahaboddin Shamshirband, Islamic Azad University, Iran
Dr. Mohamed Ali Mahjoub, University of Monastir, Tunisia
Mr. Adis Medic, Infosys ltd, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Mr Swarup Roy, Department of Information Technology, North Eastern Hill University, Umshing, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India
Prof. Jakimi, Faculty of Science and technology my ismail University, Morocco
Dr. R. Manicka Chezian, N G M College, Pollachi - 642 001, Tamilnadu, India
Dr. P.Dananjayan, Pondicherry Engineering College, India
Mr. Manik Sharma, Sewa Devi SD College Tarn Taran, India
Mr. Suresh Kallam, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, China
Dr. Mohammed Ali Hussain, Sai Madhavi Institute of Science & Technology, Rajahmundry, India
Mr. Vikas Gupta, Adesh Instutute of Engineering & Technology, India
Dr. Anuraag Awasthi, JV Womens University, Jaipur, India
Dr. Mathura Prasad Thapliyal, Department of Computer Science, HNB Garhwal University (Centr al University), Srinagar (Garhwal), India
Mr. Md. Rajibul Islam, Ibnu Sina Institute, University Technology Malaysia, Malaysia
Mr. Adnan Qureshi, University of Jinan, Shandong, P.R.China, P.R.China
Dr. Jatinderkumar R. Saini, Narmada College of Computer Application, India
Mr. Mueen Uddin, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
Mr. Manoj Gupta, Apex Institute of Engineering & Technology,Jaipur ( Affiliated to Rajasthan Technical University,Rajasthan), Indian
Mr. S. Albert Alexander, Kongu Engineering College, India
Dr. Shaidah Jusoh, Zarqa Private University, Jordan
Dr. Dushmanta Mallick, KMBB College of Engineering and Technology, India
Mr. Santhosh Krishna B.V, Hindustan University, India
Dr. Tariq Ahamad Ahanger, Kausar College Of Computer Sciences, India
Dr. Chi Lin, Dalian University of Technology, China
Mr. Raj Gaurang Tiwari, Gautam Budh Technical University, India
Mrs. Jeysree J, SRM University, India
Dr. C S Reddy, VIT University, India
Dr. Amit Wason, Rayat-Bahra Institute of Engineering & Bio-Technology, Kharar, India
Mr. Muhammad Shuaib Qureshi, Iqra National University, Peshawar, Pakistan, Pakistan
Dr Pranam Paul, Narula Institute of Technology Agarpara. Kolkata: 700109; West Bengal, India
Dr. G. M. Nasira, Sasurie College of Enginering, (Affliated to Anna University of Technology Coimbatore), India
Dr. Manasawee Kaenampornpan, Mahasarakham University, Thailand
Mrs. Iti Mathur, Banasthali University, India
Mr. Avanish Kumar Singh, RRIMT, NH-24, B.K.T., Lucknow, U.P., India
Mr. Velayutham Pavanasam, Adhiparasakthi Engineering College, Melmaruvathur, India
Dr. Panagiotis Michailidis, University of Western Macedonia, Greece
Mr. Amir Seyed Danesh, University of Malaya, Malaysia
Dr. Nadeem Mahmood, Department of computer science, university of Karachi, Pakistan
Dr. Terry Walcott, E-Promag Consultancy Group, United Kingdom
Mr. Farhat Amine, High Institute of Management of Tunis, Tunisia
Mr. Ali Waqar Azim, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan
Mr. Zeeshan Qamar, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan
Dr. Samsudin Wahab, MARA University of Technology, Malaysia
Mr. Ashikali M. Hasan, CelNet Security, India
Dr. Binod Kumar, Lakshmi Narayan College of Tech.(LNCT), India
Mr. B V A N S S Prabhakar Rao, Dept. of CSE, Miracle Educational Society Group of Institutions, Vizianagaram, India
Dr. T. Abdul Razak, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Jamal Mohamed College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli), Tiruchirappalli-620020, India
Mr. Aurobindo Ogra, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
Mr. Essam Halim Houssein, Dept of CS - Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Benha - Egypt
Dr. Hanumanthappa. J, DoS in Computer Science, India
Mr. Rachit Mohan Garg, Jaypee University of Information Technology, India
Mr. Kamal Kad, Infosys Technologies, Australia
Mrs. Aditi Chawla, GNIT Group of Institutes, India
Mr. Merugu Gopichand, JNTU/BVRIT, India
Mr. Rakesh Kumar, M.M. University, Mullana,Ambala, India
Mr. M. Sundar, IBM, India
Prof. Mayank Singh, J.P. Institute of Engineering & Technology, India
Dr. Saurabh Pal, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, India
Mr. Khaleel Ahmad, S.V.S. University, India
Mr. Amin Zehtabian, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology / Tetta Electronic Company, Iran
Mr. Rahul Katarya, Department of Information Technology , Delhi Technological University, India
Dr. Vincent Ele Asor, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Ms. Prayas Kad, Capgemini Australia Ltd, Australia
Mr. Alireza Jolfaei, Faculty and Research Center of Communication and Information Technology, IHU, Iran
Mr. Nitish Gupta, GGSIPU, India
Dr. Mohd Lazim Abdullah, University of Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
Ms. Suneet Kumar, Uttarakhand Technical University/Dehradun Institute of Technology, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Mr. Rupesh Nasre., Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore., India.
Mrs. Dimpi Srivastava, Dept of Computer science, Information Technology and Computer Application, MIET, Meerut, India
Dr. Eva Volna, University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Prof. Santosh Balkrishna Patil, S.S.G.M. College of Engineering, Shegaon, India
Mr. Mohd Dilshad Ansari, Jaypee University of Information Technology Solan (HP), India
Mr. Ashwani Kumar, Jaypee University of Information Technology Solan(HP), India
Dr. Abbas Karimi, Faculty of Engineering, I.A.U. Arak Branch, Iran
Mr. Fahimuddin.Shaik, AITS, Rajampet, India
Mr. Vahid Majid Nezhad, Islamic Azad University, Iran
Ms. C. Divya, Dr G R Damodaran College of Science, Coimbatore-641014, Tamilnadu, India
Prof. D. P. Sharma, AMU, Ethiopia
Dr. Sukumar Senthilkumar, School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
Mr. Sanjay Bhargava, Banasthali University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Prof. Rajesh Deshmukh, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Professional Management & Technology, India
Mr. Shervan Fekri Ershad, shiraz international university, Iran
Dr. Vladimir Urosevic, Ministry of Interior, Republic of Serbia
Prof. Asha Ambhaikar, Rungta College of Engineering & Technology, Bhilai, India
Dr. Saurabh Dutta, Dr. B. C. Roy Engineering College, Durgapur, India
Dr. Mokhled Altarawneh, Mutah University, Jordan
Mr. Anand Nayyar, KCL Institute of Management and Technology, Jalandhar, India
Mr S. A. Ahsan rajon, Computer Science and Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh
Ms. Rezarta Mersini, University of Durres, Albania
Mrs. Deepika Joshi, Jaipuria Institute of Management Studies, India
Dr. Niraj Shakhakarmi, Prairie View A&M University, (Texas A&M University System), USA
Mrs. A. Valarmathi, Anna University, Trichy, India
Dr. K. Balamurugan, Institute of Road and Transport Technology, India
Prof. K S Sridharan, Sri Sathya Sai Institue of Higher Learning, India
Mr. Okumoku-Evroro Oniovosa, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
Mr. Rajiv Chopra, GTBIT, Delhi, India
Mr. Harish Garg, Department of Mathematics, IIT Roorkee, India
Mr. Ganesh Davanam, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, India
Mr. Bhavesh Shah, VIT, India
Dr. Suresh Kumar Bhardwaj, Manav Rachna International University, India
Dr. Muhammad Nawaz Khan, School of electrical engineering & Computer SCience, Pakistan
Ms. Saranya, Bharathidasan University, India
Mr. Sumit Joshi, GRD-IMT, Dehradun, India
Dr. Mohammed M. Abu Shquier, Tabuk University, School of Computers and Information Technology, Kingdom of Saudia Arabia
Ms. Shalini Ramanathan, PSG College of Technology, India
Mr. S.Munisankaraiah, Geethanjali college of Engineering & Technology,Hyderabad, India
Dr. Satyanarayana, KL University, India
Mr. Sarin CR, Anna University, India
Mr. Sayed Shoaib Anwar, Mahatma Gandhi Mission College of Engineering, India
Mrs. Gunjan, JSSATE, Noida, India
Dr. Ramachandra V Pujeri, Anna University, India
Mrs. Antima Singh Puniya, Shobhit University, Meerut, India
Ms. Shiva Prakash, Madan Mohan Malaviya Engg. College, Gorakhpur, India
Dr. Kristijan Kuk, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Applied Studies, Belgrade, Serbia
Prof. Dinesh Vitthalrao Rojatkar, Govt. College of Engineering, Chandrapur, India
Prof. Lalji Prasad, RGTU/TCET, Indore, india
Dr. A. John Sanjeev Kumar, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
Mr. Harishbabu Kalidasu, Priyadarshini Institute of Technology and Science, Tenali, Guntur(DT), Andhra Pradesh, India
Prof. Vaitheeshwaran, Priyadharshini Indira Gandhi College of Engineering, India
Mrs. P.Salini, Pondicherry Engineering College, India
Mr. Vivek Bhambri, Desh Bhagat Institute of Management and Computer Sciences,Mandi Gobindgarh(Punjab), India
Mr. Slavko Zitnik, Faculty of Computer and Information Science Ljubljana, Slovenia
Ms. Sreenivasa Rao, CMJ University/Yodlee Infotech, India
Mr. Shihabudheen P M, TATA ELXSI LTD, India
Dr. Ahmed Moustafa Elmahalawy, Faculty of Electronics Engineering, Computer Science and Engineering, Egypt
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Using Mobile Agent Technology to Develop a Collaborative Product Lifecycle Oriented
Architecture
Khaled Bahloul, Nesrine Darragi, Yacine Ouzrout and Abdelaziz Bouras
1-15
2. Wireless security system implemented in a mobile robot
Lemuel Uitzil, Michel García, Cinhtia González and Sergio González
16-22
3. University Authentication System Based on Java Card and Digital X.509 Certificate
Maria Ortega and Sergio Sánchez
23-29
4. Implementation of ITIL in a Moroccan company: the case of incident management process
Said Sebaaoui and Mohamed Lamrini
30-36
5. Web Services modeling and composition approach using Objects-Oriented Petri Nets
Sofiane Chemaa, Raida Elmansouri and Allaoua Chaoui
37-52
6. Hierarchical Conceptual Schema for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Ontology
Anisa Herdiani, Lily Fitria, Herika Hayurani, Wahyu C. Wibowo, and Saleha Sungkar
53-58
7. Testing randomness: Implementing poker approaches with hands of four numbers
Wael M. F. Abdel-Rehim, Ismail A. Ismail and Ehab Morsy
59-64
8. Human Persuasion Integration in Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)
Muhammad Shakeel Faridi
65-68
9. Image Mining in the Context of Content Based Image Retrieval: A Perspective
Nishchol Mishra and Sanjay Silakari
69-76
10. Cloud Databases: A Paradigm Shift in Databases
Indu Arora and Anu Gupta
77-83
11. P2M2 - A Project Memory Management System
Hatem Ben Sta
84-90
12. Combining of Image ClassificationWith Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) Approaches
Based On Expectation Maximum (EM)
Wawan Setiawan and Wiweka
92-102
13. Comparison between MC-CDMA and CDMA-OFDM/OQAM systems in presence of
MIMO channel
Radhia Gharsallah and Ridha Bouallegue
103-109
14. Intelligent Management of Highways Congestion based SensorNetworks
Souheila Bouam, Abdelmadjid Zidani and Guezouli Lyamine
110-120
15. Developing Improved Greedy Crossover to Solve Symmetric Traveling Salesman Problem
Hassan Ismkhan and Kamran Zamanifar
121-126
16. On the Current Measurement Practices in Agile Software Development
Taghi Javdani Gandomani, Hazura Zulzalil, Abdul Azim Abd Ghani and Abu Bakar Md.
Sultan
127-133
17. Analysis of FCM Clustering on Pre and Post Iterative relaxed adaptive center weighted
median filter in MRI and CT Brain Images
R Vijayarajan and S Muttan
18. Environmental Sounds Spectrogram Classification using Log-Gabor Filters and Multiclass
Support Vector Machines
Sameh Souli and Zied Lachiri
142-149
19. Repairing and Inpainting Damaged Images using Diffusion Tensor
Faouzi Benzarti and Hamid Amiri
150-156
20. Fuzzy Knowledge-based System with Uncertainty for Tropical Infectious Disease Diagnosis
Putu Manik Prihatini and I Ketut Gede Darma Putra
157-163
21. Parallel Implementation of Sorting Algorithms
Malika Dawra and Priti
164-169
22. Providing an Object Allocation Algorithm in Distributed Databases Using Efficient
Factors
Arash Ghorbannia Delavar and Golnoosh Keshani
170-179
23. Multi-Object Tracking in Dynamic Scenes By Integrating Statistical and Cognitive
Approaches
Saira Saleem Pathan, Omer Rashid, Ayoub Al-Hamadi and Brend Michaelis
180-189
24. Soft Computing Methods in Warranty Problems: Review and Recent Applications
(2003-2012)
Hairudin Abdul Majid, Nur Hayati Kasim, Nur Izzati Jamahir and Azurah A Samah
190-196
25. Hybrid Algorithm Based on HBMO and GRASP For Real-time Task Scheduling Problem
Resolution
Yahyaoui Khadidja, Debbat Fatima and Khelfi Mohamed Fayçal
197-203
26. Design of Ku-band High Power Solid State CryoSat Transponder
Muhammad Kashif Ishaque, Fargham.S, Asim.Shahzad and Muhammad Riaz Moghal
204-208
27. Low Power GALS Interface Implementation with Stretchable Clocking Scheme
Anju C and Kirti S Pande
209-213
28. Midgets of Transcendental Superior Mandelbar Set
Shafali Agarwal and Ashish Negi
214-220
29. Mobile Location Update using Distance Method
Mohammed Wasif
221-226
30. A Mobile Portal Architecture for Higher Educational Institutions
Awoyelu Iyabo Olukemi and Adewuyi Olusegun Ojo
227-233
31. Metadata Technique with E-government for Malaysian Universities
Mohammed Abdulameer Mohammed and Ahmed Rasol Hasson
234-238
32. Search Result Merging and Ranking Strategies in Meta-Search Engines: A Survey
Hossein Jadidoleslamy
239-251
33. Multibiometric: Feature Level Fusion Using FKP Multi-Instance biometric
Harbi Almahafzah, Mohammad Imran and H.S. Sheshadri
252-259
34. Multiprocessor Scheduling Using Parallel Genetic Algorithm
Nourah Al-Angari and Abdullatif Alabdullatif
260-264
35. Mutual Coupling Reduction in Patch Antenna Arrays Using EBG Structure
36. Orientation tracking by Inertial Sensing-A Review
Anamika Gahlot and Deepika Gahlot
271-274
37. Genetic Algorithm Based PID tuning for Controlling Paraplegic Humanoid Walking
Movement
Hashim Ali, Ikramullah, M.Irfan, Mohsin Shahzad and M. Aftab
275-285
38. Internet Connectivity using Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks
Hashim Ali, Aamir Saeed, Syed Rohullah Jan, Asadullah and Ahsan Khawaja
286-290
39. Personalization in Geographic information systems: A survey
Saida Aissi and Mohamed Salah Gouider
291-298
40. Energy Band Based Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Prabhat Kumar, M.P.Singh, U.S.Triar and Sumit Kumar
299-305
41. Missing Value Imputation using Refined Mean Substitution
R. S. Somasundaram and R. Nedunchezhian
306-313
42. A Novel Entropy Based Segment Selection Technique for Extraction of Protein Sequence
Motifs
M Chitralegha and K Thangavel
314-322
43. Color Image Compression Algorithm Based on the DCT Blocks
Walaa M. Abd-Elhafiez and Wajeb Gharibi
323-328
44. Extarctive Summarization Of Farsi Documents Based On PSO Clustering
Mehdi Bazghandi
329-332
45. Augmented Reality Repair Guidance System
Sidharth Bhatia and P. Vijaykumar
333-343
46. Properties of Stochastic Kronecker Graph
Ahmed Mehedi Nizam, Md. Nasim Adnan, Md. Rashedul Islam and Mohammod Akbar Kabir
344-348
47. FST Based Morphological Analyzer for Hindi Language
Deepak Kumar, Manjeet Singh and Seema Shukla
349-353
48. Fault Detection Scheme for AES Using Optimization for Mix Column
H.K.Reshma Ramesh and N.Nagarajan
354-360
49. Fuzzy - Rough Feature Selection with pi - Membership Function for Mammogram
Classification
K. Thngavel and R.Roselin
361-370
50. Sentiment Analysis on Twitter
Akshi Kumar and Teeja Mary Sebastian
372-378
51. Performance Evaluation of Generalized Feedforward Neural Network Based ECG
Arrhythmia Classifier
Shivajirao M. Jadhav, Sanjay L. Nalbalwar and Ashok A. Ghatol
379-384
52. Neuro Fuzzy based Techniques for Predicting Stock Trends
Hemanth Kumar P., Prashanth K B, Nirmala T V and S.Basavaraj Patil
385-391
53. Brain Tumors: An Engineering Perspective
54. Text Categorization Using Activation Based Term Set
M. Pushpa and K. Nirmala
397-400
55. Text Steganography with Multi level Shielding
Sharon Rose Govada, Bonu Satish Kumar, Manjula Devarakonda and Meka James Stephen
401-405
56. The Impact of Social Media and Social Networks on Education and Students of Pakistan
Waqas Tariq, Madiha Mehboob, M. Asfandyar Khan and Fasee Ullah
407-411
57. A New Bidding Based Algorithm for Resource Selection in Grid Environment
Esmaeil Pourazarm-Hajiaga and Saeed Parsa
412-417
58. Tuning the SQL Query in order to Reduce Time Consumption
Karthik P, Thippa Reddy G and Kaari Vanan E
418-423
59. Optimized design of Carry Skip BCD adder using new FHNG reversible logic gates
Md.Belayet Ali, Md. Samiur Rahman and Tahmina Parvin
424-431
60. Security and Privacy of Electronic Banking
Zachary Bosire Omariba and Nelson Bogomba Masese
432-446
61. Research Some Algorithms in Machine Learning and Artificial Immune System, Apply to
Set Up a Virus Detection System
Vu Thanh Nguyen, Nguyen Vinh Kha and Nguyen Phýõng Anh
447-451
62. Identify and simulation a furnace of steam boiler based on a new fuzzy modeling approach
Mohammad(behdad) Jamshidi, Qaem Jahangiri, Rohollah Esmaeli Manesh, Saeed
Azimi, Hamzeh Darvishi and Bizhan Nemati
452-458
63. SEIS- SMS Based Stock Exchange Information System Using GSM for High Availability
and Accessibility
Maria Bibi, Tahira Mahboob and Farooq Arif
459-464
64. Presentation an approach for useful availability servers cloud computing in schedule list
algorithm
Rohollah Esmaeli Manesh, Mohammad(behdad) Jamshidi, Ahmad Zareie, Somayeh
Abdi, Meysam Khosravi and Farzad Parseh
465-470
65. Improving the Performance of Dynamic Source Routing Protocol by Optimization of
Neural Networks
Rajesh Gargi, Yogesh Chaba and R. B.Patel
471-479
66. ANFIS Modelling, Partial Shading and MPPT Controlled Hardware Analysis of Stand
Alone Photovoltaic Water Pumping System
A. Durgadevi and S. Arulselvi
480-486
67. A Framework for Secure Cloud Computing
Ahmed E. Youssef and Manal Alageel
487-500
68. From Social Network to Semantic Social Network in Recommender System
Khaled Sellami, Mohamed Ahmed-Nacer, Pierre Tiako, Rachid Chelouah and Hubert Kadima
501-507
69. Decoupling multivariable GPC with reference observation and feed-forward compensation
method Case Study: Neonate incubator
M.A Zermani, A. Mami and E. Feki
508-515
70. Hybrid Analysis and Design Model for Building Web Information System
Fuzzy Knowledge-based System with Uncertainty for Tropical
Infectious Disease Diagnosis
Putu Manik Prihatini1 and I Ketut Gede Darma Putra2
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Bali State Polytechnic Bali, Indonesia
2
Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University Bali, Indonesia
Abstract
On the development of medical knowledge-based system, the inability of a patient in a complaint must be dealt with by the fuzzy logic method, while the inability of an expert in defining the relationship between the symptoms of the disease can be treated with certainty factor method. In this study, both methods were combined to make diagnosis of tropical infectious diseases. Knowledge acquired from medical specialist in internal medicine, with produce fact, a crisp and fuzzy symptoms, and rule with the certainty value of the specialist. Reasoning process starts from the implication, decomposition, defuzzification and certainty factor calculation. System developed on web based platform and provide a workplace, explanation facility and knowledge improvement. System testing is done to compare the results of specialist diagnosis and system diagnosis, which results of testing show the system, has similarity with the expert at 91.07%.
Keywords: knowledge-based system, web based, fuzzy logic,
certainty factor, a tropical infection.
1. Introduction
Governance processes begins with anamnesis to get the
fact about the patient‟s disease state, through interviews the patient and their family in addition physical examination to get the disease symptom. Through anamnesis and physical examination will summarize into relevant identities, symptoms of brief development and their signs. This summary will execute into basic list of the issues which is arranged on priority. Through this list of issues, some research will occurs to find out what will examiner has taken this issue into the list. Based on this research, planning of medical treatment procedure will take affect like support, therapy and counseling [1].
In fact, doctors do not fully follow the governance process described above. Anamnesis is made in haste without giving opportunity to the patient or patient's family to explain the situation. Physical examination is performed less often meticulous and detail. The result of anamnesis and physical examination performed by a doctor unable to give an idea how severe the illnesses suffered by the patient. This is because the similarity between the symptoms of a disease with other diseases that make a doctor to be able to determine the
relationship between the symptoms experienced by the patient against possible illnesses.
This research will develop an expert system combines the method of Fuzzy Logic and Certainty Factors with the object of research is a disease of tropical infectious diseases include Dengue Fever, Typhoid Fever and Chikungunya. Fuzzy logic methods will be used to
handle the uncertainty experienced the patient‟s
symptoms and the certainty factor method will be used to handle the inability of an expert in defining the relationship between the symptoms of the disease with certainty. Expert system developed on web based platform, provide improve of knowledge, where expert can add new knowledge to a disease or alter the existing knowledge on the disease, so the system will remain accurate and up to date.
2. Previous Research
Researches related to expert systems in medicine have been done by using one method such as Certainty Factors or Fuzzy Logic, with several research objects as follows.
M. Abdel-Salem Badeeh and M. El Bagoury Bassant develop model of an expert system for diagnosis of diseases thyroid cancer by combining the methods of neural network and certainty factor. The model is constructed consisting of three phases, each phase using a single network for the learning process. The model was tested against 820 cases of thyroid cancer patients from the National Cancer Institute of Egypt. Through cross-validation tests showed the diagnostic performance rate that reaches 99.47% [2].
M. Ragab Abdul Hamid, Khalid Abdullah and Mohamed Ismail Fakeeh Roushdy develop expert systems for diagnosis of heart disease with certainty factor method. Heart disease is classified into 25 types of disease that is left heart failure and right heart failure in the form of semantic networks. Data is divided into patient demographic data (age and sex) and clinical data such as laboratory results and clinical examination. Knowledge representation is done by using production rules [3].
IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 9, Issue 4, No 3, July 2012 ISSN (Online): 1694-0814
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Emmanuil Marakakis, Kostas Vassilakis, Emmanuil Kalivianakis and Sifis Micheloyiannis develop expert systems for disease diagnosis of epilepsy with certainty factor method. Data used are 50 types of epilepsy, in which each type of epilepsy is expressed in the form of 28 diagnostic criteria. The knowledge obtained by physical examination and laboratory results. The system was tested against 42 cases in children with the test results are successfully entered correctly diagnosed 35 cases (83.3%) [4].
Neshat Mehdi and Yaghobi Mehdi develop expert systems for diagnosis of hepatitis B by comparing the method of Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). Case studies conducted at Imam Reza Hospital, Mashad Iran with 300 patient medical records, where each record consists of seven attributes. Inference methods used in the FIS is Mamdani method, while the ANFIS is a Sugeno method. Test results showed the success rate that reached 94.24% while the FIS ANFIS success rate reached 96.4 ± 0.2% [5].
Fazel Zarandi, Zolnori, Moin, and Heidarnejad develop expert systems for diagnosis of asthma disease by the method of Fuzzy Logic. The knowledge acquisition process is done by using a semantic network. Knowledge representation is done with the production rules. Fuzzy inference method used is the Mamdani method and the method used is defuzzification centroid method. Testing method used is a method of verification and validation. Test results on 53 patients with asthma and 53 non-asthmatic patients of Imam Khomeini Hospital and Masih Daneshvari in Tehran, Iran, with a cut-off value of 0.7 indicates the level of accuracy of 100% and 94% response rate [6].
Ali and Mehdi Adeli Neshat develop expert systems for diagnosis of heart disease by the method of Fuzzy Logic. The system uses 11 variables attributes input and one output variable attributes. Inference method used is the Mamdani and the defuzzification method used is centroid. Test results on 303 patients from V.A. Medical Center, Long Each and Cleveland Clinic Foundation showed that success rates of 94% of these systems [7].
3. The Advantages of Medical Expert System
Technology development is adopted to ease the communication between doctor and patient to increase of the services according to governance procedures. Expert system is one outgrowth of technology developed with the aim to mimic the ability of an expert in a particular field [8]. Expert system enables the communication process between doctor and patient can be done without having to directly face to face.
Users will be directed by the system to deliver the complaint in detail and gradually. Expert system will provide solutions to the complaints submitted by users. In fact, expert systems capable of providing solutions to problems contain elements of uncertainty such as the similarity between the symptoms of a disease with other diseases. Capabilities provided by the expert system is a solution to overcome that often the problems occur in the governance process of the patient, especially if it is developed for people who are in areas that do not have a doctor with specific expertise. Expert systems will be a guide for the health services available to rapidly determine the governance of a patient.
4. Methodology
4.1 Knowledge Acquisition
Based on literature studies and interviews with expert, the knowledge obtained for the above seven diseases, including the gender of the patient, physical symptoms, syndrome symptoms and symptoms of laboratory results. Physical examination consists of 22 symptoms, syndrome consists of 6 symptoms and results of the laboratory consist of 6 symptoms [9]-[11].
4.2 Knowledge Representation
Based on the above knowledge acquisition, the determination of input variables for expert systems will be developed by proposing a fuzzy set with membership function [12]-[14]. On physical examination, there are 5 symptoms of fuzzy value. On the results of laboratory, there are 6 symptoms of fuzzy value. From 11 symptoms of fuzzy value, some of fuzzy sets model are shown below.
0 100 1 Very High High 40 30 20
10 50 60 70 80 90
µ [x]
Fig. 1 Membership curve of tourniquet test IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 9, Issue 4, No 3, July 2012
ISSN (Online): 1694-0814
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0 180 1
Very High High
120 110
100 130140 150 160 170
µ [x]
190 200 Fig. 2 Membership curve of pulse
0 100
1
Low Very Low
30 50 60 70 80 90
µ [x]
Fig. 3 Membership curve of systolic blood pressure
3000
0 1000 2000 4000
Low 1
µ [x] Very Low
Fig. 4 Membership curve of leukocyte for adult male
2700 Low
0 1
µ [x]
3600 1800
900 Very Low
Fig. 5 Membership curve of leukocyte for adult female
Membership functions of tourniquet test:
(1)
Membership functions of pulse:
(2)
Membership functions of systolic blood pressure:
(3)
Membership functions of leukocyte for adult male:
(4)
Membership functions of leukocyte for adult female:
(5)
IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 9, Issue 4, No 3, July 2012 ISSN (Online): 1694-0814
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4.3 Fuzzy Inference
Fuzzy reasoning process begins by performing a fuzzy rule-making based on knowledge representation. Fuzzy rule is formed by combining some of the same symptoms for several diseases. Combined symptoms in this study referred to by the term "syndrome", to distinguish it from a single symptom.
Rules are made for the expert system developed as much as 841 rules, which consists of 32 rules for Dengue Fever, 47 rules for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever I, 50 rules for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever II, 82 rules for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever III, 62 rules for the Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever IV, 199 rule for Chikungunya and 369 rules for Typhoid Fever. Conclusions contained in any rule requiring the confidence of expert (Expert CF) to determine how much the belief that the symptoms affecting the diagnosis occurred at the conclusion. Some of the rules produced are shown in Table 1.
Calculation of the degree of fuzzy membership for each symptom is determined by the value assigned by the user. For example, if user types the body temperature is 390C
and „Yes‟ for temperature less than one degree.
Based on the degree of membership, calculate the implication function with MIN function [12]-[14]. µ(x) is the degree of membership for x and wi is the result of
implication.
(6)
Table 1: Fuzzy rule
No. Rules
1 IF( increased_temperature = NO) AND
(temperature_ difference_less_than_one_degree = YES) THEN CF: 0.70
2 IF(increased_temperature = HIGH) AND
(temperature_ difference_less_than_one_degree = YES) THEN CF: 0.85
3 IF(increased_temperature = VERY HIGH) AND (temperature_ difference_less_than_one_degree = YES) THEN CF: 0.90
4 IF( increased_temperature = NO) AND
(temperature_ difference_less_than_one_degree = NO) THEN CF: 0.50
838 IF(thrombocytopenia = LOW) AND (lymphopenia = VERY LOW) AND (erythrocyte_sedimentation_rate_increased = VERY HIGH) AND (leukocytosis = VERY HIGH) AND (anemia = LOW) THEN CF: 0.52
839 IF(thrombocytopenia = NO) AND (lymphopenia = LOW) AND (erythrocyte_sedimentation_rate_increased = VERY HIGH) AND (leukocytosis = VERY HIGH) AND (anemia = LOW) THEN CF: 0.56
840 IF(thrombocytopenia = VERY LOW) AND (lymphopenia = LOW) AND (erythrocyte_sedimentation_rate_increased = VERY HIGH) AND (leukocytosis = VERY HIGH) AND (anemia = LOW) THEN CF: 0.54
841 IF(thrombocytopenia = LOW) AND (lymphopenia = LOW) AND (erythrocyte_sedimentation_rate_increased = VERY HIGH) AND (leukocytosis = VERY HIGH) AND (anemia = LOW) THEN CF: 0.55
For the example above, the implication result is shown below.
w1 = min( BodyTemperature=High[39], Temperature<1=Yes )
= min(0.50, 1.0) = 0.50
w2 = min( BodyTemperature=VeryHigh[39] , Temperature<1=Yes)
= min(0.50, 0.1) = 0.50
The process of composition is made to obtain the value zi
of each rule. The expert confidence value of each rule is value of zi. The rules of body temperature for both fuzzy
sets are shown below.
A00000002, CF: 0.85 A00000003, CF: 0.90
Defuzzification process is done using weighted average method defuzzification by calculating the average value of zi [12]-[14].
(7)
wi is the result of implication and zi is the result of
composition. The results of defuzzification demonstrate the value of the belief for the syndrome experienced by patients. For the example above, the defuzzification result is shown below.
4.4 Certainty Factor Calculation
