Internetworking
Prof. Ir. Kudang B. Seminar, MSc, PhD
Direktur Komunikasi & Sistem Informasi IPB
Bogor, 05 Mei 2013
What is Internetworking?
• Internetworking : suatu bentuk hubungan, kerjasama atau kemitraan yang
mendayagunakan TI (teknologi informasi) berbasis jaringan (internet, intranet,
ekstranet)
• Trend: menuju pada Internetworked
Globalization
Operation and Alliances
The Networked Global
How Information Technology Support The Globalization of
Business?
Shift of Paradigm in Business:
Towards Electronic Data
Interchange (EDI)
LAN/ WAN
Video
Conference Cable-Television
Phone/ Celullar
Businesses’ Trend
• Becoming internetworked enterprises
• Supported by computer networks to allow fast & accurate data exchange and expansion of business scale with better coordination, and cooperation
• Widely distributed enterprises connected via MAN, WAN, LAN
Business Telecommunications
Telecommunications: sending of information (voice, data, text, and images) from place to another.
Telecommunications Networks supported by
Electronic
Enterprise Internal
Electronic Collaboration
Systems
• Voice Mail
• Discussions Forums
• Data Conferencing
• Voice Conferencing
• Video Conferencing
• Electronic Meeting
Electronic Commerce Systems
• On-Line POS (Point of Sale)
• Web Retailing & Wholesaling
• EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)
• E-Funds Transfer
• E-Banking
Internal Business Systems
• Internal Transaction Processing
• Inquiry Processing
• Intranet Web Publishing
• Workflow Systems
• Activity Monitoring
• Process Control
• Management Support Systems
Trend of Telecommunication
Technology
Toward the use of the Internet and other open and interconnected local & global digital networksfor multimedia with heavy use of
high speed fiber opticlines and satellite
Information Superhighway
An advanced high speed Internet-like network that connects individual households, businesses, government agencies, libraries, schools, universities,
and other institutions with interactive voice, video, data and multimedia
communications.
ISDN (Integrated Services
Digital Network)
A network that provides integrated
services of data exchange in various
forms: voice, video, data, images, and
Business Value of
Internetworking
• Overcome geographic barriers
• Overcome time barriers
• Overcome cost barriers
• Overcome structural barriers
Computer Network
Computer Network
Physical Radius
Local Area Network Area Network
(MAN)
Scope of Users
Intra-Net Extra-Net Inter-net
Layered System View
Intranet
Extranet
Internet
Corporate members
Clients, partners, customers
What is Internet?
• a worldwide system of computer networks
• a public, cooperative, and self-sustaining facility accessible to hundreds of millions of people worldwide
• use a set of protocols called Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
What is Intranet?
• Networks connecting an affiliated set of clients
• Using standard Internet Protocols,
especially TCP/IP and HTTP, and some FTP
• IP-based network of nodes behind a set of
• part of a company's intranet that is extended to users outside the company
• securely share part of a business's information or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other businesses
What is Extranet?
How Does Intranet Work?
• Via LAN (Local Area Network)
• Via WAN (Wide Area Network)
• Via MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
which rely on ISDN (Integrated Services of Digital Network)
FASILITAS INTERNET
• E-mail: person-to-person messaging
• Telnet: logon on into a remote computer (remote login) • Chatting: interactive conversations
• WWW (World Wide Web):retrieve, format, & display information (text, audio, graphics, video) using hypertext links
• BBS (Bulletin Board System): discussion groups • Archive:search database of documents, software • WAIS: Locate files in databases using keywords
What Tools are in Intranet?
• A decision-making tool
• A complete communication tool
• An expert’s tool • A customer tool
Benefits of Intranet
• Cost-effective communication in corporate
• Fostering actual/real interaction of knowledge
• Providing more flexibility in human’s abilities
to do jobs
• Promoting secure system of access & interaction
• Becoming corporate communication tools
Corporate can use Extranet for
• Exchange large volumes of data using Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) or XML
• Share product catalogs exclusively with wholesalers or those "in the trade"
• Collaborate with other companies on joint development efforts • Jointly develop and use training programs with other companies • Provide or access services provided by one company to a group of
other companies, such as an online banking application managed by one company on behalf of affiliated banks
Security for Intra- & Extra-net
• require firewall server management, the issuance and use of digital certificates or similar means of user authentication, encryption of messages, and the use of virtual private networks (VPN) that tunnel through the public network.
Customer Relationship
Management (CRM)
• an information industry term for methodologies, software, and usually Internet capabilities that help an enterprise manage customer relationships in an
organized and efficient manner
• an enterprise builds a database that describes
relationships in sufficient detail so that management, salespeople, and customer service reps can access information; match customer needs with product plans and offerings; remind customers of service
Supply chain management (SCM)
• the oversight of materials, information, and finances as they move in a process from supplier to manufacturer to wholesaler to retailer to consumer
• involves coordinating and integrating these flows both within and among companies
• ultimate goal of any effective supply chain management system is to reduce inventory (with the assumption that products are available when needed)
• Related to Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
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Fundamentals of Strategic
Advantage
• An enterprise must survive in the globally competitive era
• Internetworkingcan change the way businesses compete
• Internetworkingis designed & implemented as vital competitive networks that help an
enterprise achieve its strategic objectives
Chapter 2 Competing with Information Technology 31
Competitive Forces and Strategies
Competitive Forces
• Rivalry of competitors within its industry
• Threats of new entrants,
• Threats of substitutes,
• The bargaining power of customers, and
5/8/2013 Kudang B. Seminar 33
Competitive Strategies
• Cost Leadership Strategy • Differentiation Strategy • Innovation Strategy • Growth Strategies • Alliance Strategies
Cost Leadership Strategy
• Become a low cost producer of products and services
• Find ways to help suppliers or customers reduce their costs
Differentiation Strategy
• Develop ways to differentiate products and services from competitors.
• Reduce the differentiation advantages of competitors.
Innovation Strategy
• Develop new products & services
• Enter new markets or marketing segments
• Establish new business alliances
• Find new ways of producing products/services
Growth Strategies
• Significantly expand the company’s
capacity to produce goods and services
• Expand into global markets
• Diversify into new products and services
• Integrate into related products and services.
Alliance Strategies
Using the Inter-, Intra-, Extra-net
Strategically
• Cost and Efficiency Improvements
• Performance Improvement in Business Effectiveness
• Global Market Penetration
• Product and Service Transformation
• System Security
Towards a Global Company
Geographic Concept Business Concept
Centralization/Decentralization Any Place
Mechanistic Holistic
Isolationism Low Boundaries
Not Invented Here Network of Trust
Geographic Presence Cultural Fit
Central Controllers Core Connectors
Replication of Resources Economic of Scales
Stove Pipe Connection Great Network
Communications
Short Term View Long Term View
Today Global
Global IT Management
Cultural, Political, Geo-economic challenges
Visi & Misi Enterprise:
Become a Global Company
Business Drivers for Global IT
• Global customer
• Global products
• Global operations
• Global resources
• Global collaboration
Global IT Platforms
• Internet or Internet-Like
• High computing systems
• Cyber & International Laws
• Information/Data Encryption & Decryption
• Open Systems
