A THESIS
THE EFFECTIVENESS PAUL’S WHEEL TO INCREASE STUDENTS’S CRITICAL THINKING IN READING
EXPLANATION TEXT FOR TEN GRADER MUHAMMADIYAH 2 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL OF SURABAYA
AJENG KURNIASARI NIM. 20131111002
THE ADVISORS
Gusti Nur Hafifah, M.Pd.
Vega Hesmatantya, S.Pd., M.Pd.
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURABAYA
2017
THE EFFECTIVENESS PAUL’S WHEEL TO INCREASE STUDENT’S CRITICAL THINKING IN READING EXPLANATION TEXT FOR TEN GRADER
MUHAMMADIYAH 2 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL OF SURABAYA
THESIS
Presented to
Muhammadiyah University of Surabayain Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan in English Language Education Program
AJENG KURNIASARI NIM. 20131111002
ENGLISH DEPARTEMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURABAYA
THE EFFECTIVENESS PAUL’S WHEEL TO INCREASE STUDENT’S CRITICAL THINKING IN READING EXPLANATION TEXT FOR TEN GRADER
MUHAMMADIYAH 2 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL OF SURABAYA
SKRIPSI
Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar SARJANA PENDIDIKAN
AJENG KURNIASARI NIM. 20131111002
PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO :
Everythings happen because a reason Be Grateful
DEDICATION :
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING
Skripsi yang ditulis oleh Ajeng Kurniasari ini telah disetujui oleh Dosen Pembimbing untuk
diujikan pada tanggal : 4 Agustus 2017
Dosen Pembimbing Tanda Tangan Tanggal
I. Gusti Nur Hafifah, M.Pd. ... ...
II.Vega Hesmatantya S.Pd, M.Pd. ... ...
Mengetahui,
Ketua Program Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN PANITIA UJIAN
Skripsi ini telah diuji dan dinyatakan sah oleh Panitia Ujian Tingkat Sarjana (S1) Fakultas
Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya sebagai salah satu
syarat memperoleh gelar SARJANA PENDIDIKAN, pada tanggal 4 Agustus 2017
Dosen Penguji Tanda Tangan Tanggal
1. Gusti Nur Hafifah, S.Pd, M.Pd ……… ………
2. Sulton Dedi Wijaya, M.Pd ……… ………
3. Linda Mayasari, S.Pd, M,Pd ……… ………
Mengetahui
Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Dekan,
PERNYATAAN TIDAK MELAKUKAN PLAGIAT
Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini:
Nama : Ajeng Kurniasari
NIM : 20131111002
Fakultas : Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pengetahuan
Program Studi : Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris
Menyatakan bahwa Skripsi/KTI/Tesis yang saya tulis ini benar-benar tulisan karya sendiri
bukan hasil plagiasi, baik sebagian maupun keseluruhan. Bila dikemudian hari terbukti hasil
plagiasi, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi akademik sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku di
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya.
Surabaya, 31 Juli 2017
Yang membuat pernyataan,
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Firstly, all praises and gratitude are to Allah SWT for blessing, strength, and
guidance. Sholawat and salam are dedicated to my beloved prophet Muhammad SAW.
The researcher realizes that he would not be able to finsh this final report without
support from many people. The researcher would like to deliver deepest gratitude to :
1. Drs. H. Wijayadi M.Pd as the Head of English Department Program.
2. Gusti Nur Hafifah, S.Pd., M.Pd as first advisor. A great thanks for your time, advices,
constructives, supports, and patience.
3. Vega Hesmatantya, S.Pd., M.Pd as second advisor. A great thanks for your
contributions, support, and advices.
4. All lectures of the English Department who have taught the worthy knowledge as a
preparation for the future and improvementin her ability.
5. Astajab, S.Pd.,M.M as Head of Muhammadiyah 2 Senior High School, Rimba Ayu S.
Hum as English teacher, All members of Mipa 1, 2, 8 who are also give supports,
contribution, and opportunity to do the research.
6. My beloved parents (Ibunda Marsani and Ayahanda Nasiyono ) who always love,
pray, support and also motivate me during my study until completing this thesis.
7. My beloved sister ( Putri Permatasari ) who always cheer up my days
8. My best friend Dwi Putri Marshella, Ratih Masruroh, Nur Suci Romadloni who
remain still as a unity to stand up until now.
9. All my students who always give spirit and motivate my days
10.All the members of English Department, especially (Encik, Annisa, Dwi, Wahyu,
Muhin, Tenny, Fanda and other friends especially for eight semester students(Ciee
Class). Thanks for the togetherness.
11.All people whose names could not be mentioned one by one. Thank you for
Finally, the writer realizes that the research is far from being perfect. The researcher
welcomes any endorsing suggestions and critiques. At least, the researcher greatly expects
that this research will be useful and able to give contribution for the academis study and
future research.
Surabaya, 22 July 2017
Ajeng Kurniasari
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... iv
CHAPTER II REVIEW AND RELATED LITERATURE ... 2.1 Definition of Reading ... 6
2.2 The Reading Process ... 8
2.3 Reading Comprehension ... 9
2.4 Strategies for Reading Comprehension ... 10
2.5 Teaching Reading ... 11
2.5.1 Principles for Teaching Reading ... 12
2.6 Explanation Text ... 13
2.6.2 Grammatical Features of Explanation Text ... 14
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 3.1 Research Design ... 30
3.7 Quantitative Data Analysis Technique ... 37
3.7.6.2 Reliability ... 42
3.8 Qualitative Data Analysis Technique ... 43
CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 4.1 The Effectiveness of Paul’s Wheel Strategy in Increasing Students’ Critical Thinking in Reading Explanation Text ... 44
4.1.1 The Pre-test Score of Both Classes ... 45
4.1.2 The Post - Test Score of Both Classes ... 46
4.1.3 The Precentage Student’s Score Improvement of Passsing Grade 4.1.4 Test Normality Distribution ... 48
4.1.4.1 Test of Normality Distribution of Both Classes (pre-test) ... 49
4.1.4.2 Test of Normality Distribution of Both Classes (post-test) ... 50
4.1.5 Homogenity Test ... 50
4.1.6 T - Test ... 51
4.2 How the Paul’s Wheel Strategy Enhances Student’s Critical Thinking in Reading Explanation Text ... 52
4.2.1 The Implementation of Paul’s Wheel Strategy ... 52
4.2.2 Aspect of Critical Thinking in Paul’s Wheel Strategy ... 54
4.2.3 The Analysis of Paul’s Wheel Strategy Enhances Student’s Critical Thinking in Reading Explanation Text ... 57
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 5.1 Conclusion ... 65
5.2 Suggestion ... 66
LIST OF TABLES
Pages
Table 3.1 The Conducting Data Schedule ... 35
Table 3.2 The Result of Validity... 40
Table 3.3 List of Validator ... 41
Table 4.1 Pre-Test’s Score of Experimental and Control Class ... 45
Table 4.2 Post-Test’s Score of Experimental and Control Class ... 46
Table 4.3 The numbers of student execedding of Passing Grade in Pre-Test and Post-Test (experimental class ) ... 47
Table 4.4 The number of student execedding of passing grade in pre-test and post-test (controlled class) ... 47
Table 4.5 The comparison percentage of Post-Test for controlled and Experimental class ... 48
Table 4.6 Result of Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) 1 ... 49
Table 4.7 Result of Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) 2 ... 50
Table 4.8 Test of Homogenity Variances ... 50
LIST OF FIGURES
Pages
Figure 2.1 The Element of Thought ... 16
Figure 2.2 Intellectual Standard ... 18
Figure 2.3 Paul’s Wheel of Reasoning ... 22
Figure 2.5 Thinking Process ... 25
Figure 3.1 Explanatory Sequantial Design Model ... 30
LIST OF CHARTS
Pages
Chart 4.1 The Impact of Critical Thinking Aspect Show in the
Test Improvement (Percentage) ... 55
Chart 4.2 The Impact of Critical Thinking Aspect Show in the
Test Improvement (Pre and Post Test)... 60
LIST OF APPENDICES
Pages
Appendix 1 Lesson Plan (Experimental Class) ... 67
Appendix 2 Lesson Plan (Control Class) ... 80
Appendix 3 Silabus Bhs.inggris Peminatan kelas 10... 86
Appendix 4 Try - Out ... 91
Appendix 5 Pre - Test ... 93
Appendix 6 Explanation Text Material... 95
Appendix 7 Post - Test ... 97
Appendix 8 Lembar Soal ... 99
Appendix 9 Kunci Jawaban ... 101
Appendix 10 List of Experimental Class ... 103
Appendix 11 List of Control Class ... 104
Appendix 12 Pre-Test’s Score of Controlled Class ... 105
Appendix 13 Pre-Test’s Score of Experimental Class ... 106
Appendix 14 Post-Test’s Score of Controlled Class ... 107
Appendix 15 Post-Test’s Score of Experimental Class ... 108
Appendix 16 Validity and Reliability Test ... 109
Appendix 17 T-Test ... 111
Appendix 18 Teacher Interview ... 112
Appendix 19 Observation Checklist ... 113
Appendix 20 Paul’s Wheel OF Reasoning Rubric ... 114
Appendix 21 Transcribe of Introduction Activity ... 116
Appendix 22 Transcribe of Main Activity ... 119
Appendix 23 The Implementation of Paul’s Wheel Strategy ... 121
Appendix 24 t- Table ... 123
Appendix 25 Table of Reliability Person Product Moment ... 124
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