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Innovation
in Polymer
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Science
and Technology
2013
(trsrzor3)
Selected Contributions from: Int. Conf. on Innovation in Polymer Science and Technology 2013 (lPST2ol3) Yogyakarta, Indonesia
october 7-1O,2013
Symposium Editor: Agus Haryono
(lndonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia) J u n - i c h i A z u m a
(Osaka University, Japan)
lnnovation
in Polymer
O 2or5 WILEY-VCH Verlag CmbH & Co. KCaA W e i n h e i m
Macromolecular
ifi:;:'brt3hcdonth'w'bwrrraPPcar
Symposia:
Vol.353
wileyonlinelibrary.comCoven The IDlemalional Conference oD Innovatior in Polymer Science and T€ch-nolosy 2013 (IPST2013) look placc in Yogyakan!. lndonesh. This issue presents seleclcd pap€rs which has becn presetted in rhe conference .elevanl and acceptable to thc reader of lhis journal. Thc cover s selectcd tuom the article by Gulumnnhy Hegde and coworkers.
ffi
*,. i
.d**( &;-*Innovation
in Polymer
Science
and Technology
2013
0PsT2or3)
Yogyakafte,
Indon€5ia
Prefa<c
Thefrally Conductive Adhesive from Chemically Modified Cellulose and Nanoparlicle of Sudaclant Dop€d Polypy(ole
o zoD w LEY-VCH Venag 6mbH & Co. (ciA. weinheim Srructure Analyses of PolyGtyrenc-/tn-butadiene) Rubber Crosslinked by Sutfur with Small Angle Neukon Scaltering
RadiatioD Processing of Polyners ror MedicaL and Pharnaceutical Applications
Mikihito Takendka,* In
t *
Danno\aa Dnrtuis,l
Anl.lcs publish.d on the w.b wlll .ppErr
wileyonlinclibf rry.com
- " !
Innovation
in Polymer
Science
and Technolory
2ol3
(rPsT2ol3)
Yogyakarta,
Indonesia
Prefac€
Macromolecular
Symposia:
Vol.353
Coyec The Intemational Co erence on IDnovalion in Polym€r Science and Tech-nology 2013 (IPST2013) took place in Yogyakana. lndoresia This issue presetrts selected papen which has been presenled in lhe conference .€lelant and acceptabte to the reader of this joumal The cover is selecred from the anicle by Gurumurthy
Hesdc and colvorkcrs
l
Slructure Anal]ses of PolyGtyren€-rzr-butadiene) Rubb€r Crossli*ed by Sultur with Small Angle Neurron Scatte.inS
Radialion P.oc€sing o{ PDIymer$ for Me.lical and Pharmaceutical ApplicatioN
Mikihno Takenoka,*
SariJoh Fauzioh Svtt Dnnta,t, R6li Ddik,a
r r t
Tlerr)ally Corductive Adlesive from Ch€nically Modined Cellulose and Nanopanicle of Su.f aclantDoped
O 2oD WILEY VCH ve ag CfitbN & co KCrA, Weinh.im
Novel Epoxy Resins with Unsaturated Ester Chains Derived Irom Sodium Lignosulfonate Effect of Grafting with Maleic Anhydride on Interfacial Bonding of Rubber Wood Flour Filled Poly(propylene) Composite
Effect of Electron Beam Radiation on the Mechanical Properties of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/Waste Tire Dust (WTD) Blends
Insertion of Platinum Particles in Bacterial Cellulose Membranes frorn PICL and H2PtCl6 Precursors
The Effect of Organoclay on Curing Characterislic. Mechanical Properties. Swelling and Morphology of Natural Rubber/Organoclay Nanocomposites
Effect of Different Blend Ratios and Compatibilizer on Tensile Properties of Recycled Poly(propylene)/Recycled High Density Polyethylene Blends
Synthesis of ETP-MMA and Lead Tetroxide Composites as Material for X-Ray Radiation Shielding Door
Effect of Amide Functionalization and Precuring on Tensile Properties of MWCNT/Epoxy Nanocomposites
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles with Polyamidoamine (Pamam) Generation 4 Dendrimer as Stabilizing Agent for CT Scan Contrast Agent
Effect of Carbon Fiber Loading in Mcchanical Properties and Electrical Conductivity of Polyvinyl Alcohol Based Co|nposites
On the Tensile Properties of Polylactide (PLA)/Arenga Pinnata "Ijuk" Fibre Composite
LiSht Sensilive Molecule lor Pholonic Devices
o 2or5 wtLEY-vcH verlag GmbH & co- KcaA, weinheim
Shigeo Hirose
Anne Zulfia.* | lg R. S. Molror,
A. W. Saptorahatjo
Chantara Thevy Ratnam) l+l Suganti Ramarad,
Mohtl Khalid,
S uhaid.a Ab d ul I Ra s hitl, Zu na Mohamed
Henry Fonda Arito ang, lrs Djulia Onggo, Ciptati,
Chyntia L. Radiman*
M. Ifan Fathwrohtna ,* 162 Bambang Soegijono,
Emil Butlionto, Saeful Rohman, A ef Ramadhan
A.A.S Ma an Atiqoh,* ln H. Salmah, Z. Firuz,
D.N.U. Lan
MahendraAnggaravidya,* ln Sudirman, Ruri Rarista,
Emil Budianto, Bambang Soegijono
HermavranJudax'isastra,* lsg Christian Harito,
Akbor H. Dawam Abdullah
Suttiyo,* A. Mutalib, lfe Ristaniah, E. Anwa\
M. Radji, A. Pujiyant.t, P. Pumannsati, D. Ioshita, H.G. Adang
Ismadi,+
Akhmad Herman Yuwono, Sot),a Astutinrngsih, Subyakto
I lo2
M. Chalid,* Arif Rahman, lrot R. Feldian, Noliijon,
B. Priyono
Gurufiurthy Heg(le,a ltt: Pearl Zynia Fennndes,
A. R. Yuvaraj, Gan Siew Mei, LLnfor Rahma\ Mashitah M. Yusoff
w w w . m 9 - j o u r n e l . d e
The Investigation of CUO* Anode
Interlayer Effect in Working Performance and Charge Calder Transport in Hybdd Solar C€lls with Inverted Structure Hydroxyapatite Deposition on Modifred Bacterial Cellulose Matrix
Effect oI Cocopeal Addi(ion lo Some Prope ies of Cassava Starch-Based Foam
Synthesis and Characterization of Carboxymethyl Derivatives of Sago (M et roxy lon sagu) Starch
Improvements of Tensile Properties and Durability of Chitosan Fiber Using Methanol Drying Tteatment
Preparation and Characterization of Polyurethane-Modifi cd Epoxy with Variuus Types of Polyol
Synthesis of Sunflower Oil Based Elastomer and Its Characterization by Using
Spectroscopic Techniques
Study of M€tal lons Removal from Aqueous Solution by Using Radiation Crosslinked Chitosan-.?-Poly(Acrylamide)-based Adsorbent
The Effect of Temperature on the Grafting of Acrylic Acid onto CarborfmethYl Cellulose
The Influence of Succinyl GrouPs and Lithium Perchlorate on Chitosan Membranes as Electrolyte Polymers
Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ion from Aqueous Solution by Using Cellulose Based Hydrogel Cornposite
Copolymerization of Acrylamide with 9- and l0-Acrylamidodecanoic Acids
O 2or5 wllEY_vcH verlag 6mbH & co. KcaA, weinheim
Tulut,* Rahmat Hidayat ltzt
Farah Nurlidar,* lrzg
Entil Budianto, Darmawan Dalwis, Sugiurto
Titi Candru Sunarti,+ Itll Hemas httegrani,
Khasu'ar Syantsu
Zainon Othman,* lr39
K. Hashim, K. Sabariah, M. H. Abd Nosir, A. Hassan
Hermawanhtdawisastru,* lr47 hdra 0.C. Hadyiswanto,
Ramond D.R. Sitohang, Wiwin Winiati
Muhammad Ghozali,* l,f
Evi Triwulandari, Agus Haryono
Mili Purbaya,* lrSr
Hussin Moful Nor, Didin Suwardin
Tito Puspitasari,x lr6E
Oktaviani,
Dewi Sekar Pangerteri, Erra Nurfilah,
Darmowan Darwis
Lik Anah,x Nuri Astini, lt78 ABus Hatyono
Iqbal Fuuzi, lrs:
Deana Wahyuningrum, I Ma.le Arcana+
Nuri Astrini,* Lik Anah, ltgl Ilari Rotu Horyadi
Desnelli, D. Mujahidin, lrgr Y. Permana,
Chyntia L. Racliman*
Freeze-Thaw Treatment in 2% w/w NaOH-6 M Urea Enhanced Extraction of
ｾＭＨＱＬＳＺＱＬＴＩＭｇｬｵ｣｡ｮ＠ from Corn Pericarp Degradation of Chitosan by Hydrothermal Process in the Presence of Sonication Pre-Treatment with Supercritical C02 as
Pressurized Fluid
Isolation of Natural Polymer from the By-Product of Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Bioethanol Production
Synthesis of LiFeP04 in the Presence of
Organic Reductant by Hydrothermal Method and Its Characterization
Radiation Graft Copolymerization of Acrylic Acid onto Rice Straw Cellulose
Fast Photoswitching Azo Dyes
Surface Coating of Acrylate Polymer on Sengon Wood (Paraserianthes fa/cataria
L. Nielsen) Using UV Irradiation
© 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Tomoki Yoshida,*
lzo5
Yoichi Honda, Takashi Tujimoto, Hiroshi Uyama, Jun-ichi Azuma
Emma Savitri,
*
Sumarno,lzu
Achmad Rosyadi
Harry Budiman,
I
no
Achmad Hanafi*
lndra Gunawan,*
lzz5
H. Wagiyo
Rahmawati,
*
lz31
Meri Suhartini, Emil Budianto
Gurumurthy Hegde,
*
1240
A. R. Yuvaraj,
Wan Sinn- Yam, Mashitah M. Yusoff
Darsono
lz46
Ahbas, B. Abd Nasir, M. H. Abdullah, A.H. D. Adang, H. G.
Anah, L.
Anggaravirlya, M. Anwar, E. Arcatn, I. M. Atitonang, H. F.
Astutiningsih, S. Atiqah, A.A.S M. Azwua, l.-L Bwiianto, E. Budiman, H. Chalid, S. M. Ciptuti, Ddik, R. Darsono, Darwis, D. Desnelli, Draman, S. F. S. EI-Sheikh, S. M-E zat,
Fathuftohman, M. L Fauzi, I.
Ferdian, R. Fernandes, P. Z. Firuz. Z. Glnzali, M. Gunawan, L
Hadyiswanto, L O. C. Hanat'i, A.
Harito, C. Haryadi, H. R. Huryono, A. Hashim, K. Hassan, A. Hegtle, G. Hitlqyat, R. Hirose, S. Itonda, Y. htegroni, H. Ishikawa, Y. Isnadi, loshita, D. Iudawisastra, H. Kanaya, T. Khalid, M. Koizumi, S. Lan, D. N. U. Latil; F. A.
MeL G. S. Molnmed,, Z-Moha\ R. S. Mujahidin, D. Mutalib, S. A. Nlrtllsrdr, S. Nofrijon
NurJilah, E. Nwlidar, F. Oktaviani, Onggo, D. Othmon, Z. Pangerteni, D. S. Permuna, Y. Priyono, B. Pujiyanto, A. Pwbaya, M. Purnamasari, P. Puspinsari, T. Putru, D. P. Radiman, C. L. Radji, M. Rqhnan, A. Rahman, L. Raltnawati, Ramadhan, A. Ramarad, S. Raista, R. Rashitl, S. A. Ratnam, C. T. Ristaniah, Rohman, S. Rosyadi, A. Sabariah, K. Salmah, H.
Saptoraharjo, A. W. Sat)itti, E.
Sinn-Yatn, W. Sitohang, R. D. R. Soegijono, B. Subyakto Sudirman, Sugiarto, Suhartini, M. Sumarno, Sunarti, T. C. Suwardin, D. Syamsu, K. Takenaka, M. Triwulandari, E. Tulus
Tujilloto, T.
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Full text and furthcr informatlon: www,m3-iournal.de
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Degradation of Chitosan by Hydrothermal Process in
the Presence of Sonication Pre-Treatment with
Supercritical CO
2as Pressurized Fluid
Emma Savitri,*Sumarno,Achmad Rosyadi
Summary:
For chito oligomer production, the efficient hydrolysis of chitosan to
smaller substances is important. The focus of this study is to explore the formation
and changes in the chitosan degradation product and properties after chitosan
hydrolysis in subcritical water. The hydrothermal process was pressurized by
supercritical CO
2used as the pressurized fluid and catalyst. Pre-treatment
sonication was also used to change the molecular weight of the chitosan. The effect
of the reaction time on the formation of various products and chitosan residue was
studied. The chitosan was pre-treated by sonication at 60
C for 120 min before
subjected to the hydrothermal process at 200
C and pressure of 23 MPa for 3-5 min.
The chitosan water slurry of 1 wt % in a batch reactor was rapidly heated to the
reaction temperature for a specific time. After the reaction, the product was rapidly
cooled in a cooling medium. The total yield reached about 15% based on the initial
chitosan at 200
C in 5 min. Upon an increase in the reaction time, the side group of
monomers (NH
2or
N
-acetyl) tended to be attacked and replaced by OH to produce
glucose and also partially degrade into 5-HMF. The hydrothermal process had no
significant effect on the chitosan structure except for the changes in the inter- and
intramolecular hydrogen bondings of chitosan and the degree of crystallinity of the
chitosan residue in the range of 19.2 to 28.9%.
Keywords: chitosan; degradation; 5-HMF; glucose;; hydrothermal
Introduction
Chitosan is a natural copolymer generally produced by the deacetylation of chitin isolated from crustacean shells. Chitosan and its derivatives have interesting proper-ties such as no toxicity, good biocompat-ability, and controllable biodegradability.[1] These properties make chitosan an attrac-tive and potential biopolymer for many applications such as in thefield of biotech-nology, pharmaceuticals, wastewater treat-ment, agriculture, and food science.[2] Generally, chitosan obtained from the deacetylation of chitin has a high molecular
weight and low solubility in water or neutral pH solution, which restricts its applications. There are some requirements to use chitosan in medicine or pharmacy such as the degree of deacetylation>80% and low degree of polymerization, since low molecular weight chitosan (LMWC) and chitooligomers (COS) are responsible for the chitosan biological activity.[3]Muzzarelli
et al.[4]demonstrated that chitosan with an average molecular weight in the range of 1,000–10,000 Da is very interesting for a
number of medical and biotechnological applications. Moreover, the low molecular weight chitosan and chitosan oligomers possess a high solubility in water. Thus the development of efficient processes for reducing the molecular size of chitosan, without altering its chemical structure, are of great interest. Like other polysaccharides,
Chemical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
E-mail: emma11@mhs.chem-eng.its.ac.id
Macromol. Symp.2015, 353, 212–219 DOI: 10.1002/masy.201550329
212|
