Bagian pertama
Bagian
pertama
ACCOUNTABILITY
AND
TRANSPARANCY
OF
PUBLIC
FUND
Gustaaf A. Lumiu
WHAT
IS
ACCOUNTING
OF
Accounting of Public Fund: The
accounting mechanism and technical analysis applied to the management of public funds.
Public fund of funds owned by the Public fund of funds owned by the
defined: "...accounting mechanisms and analysis techniques applied to the
analysis techniques applied to the
management of public funds in a high state institutions and departments under it, local governments, state enterprises, enterprises, NGOs and social foundations, as well as in
f bl d
project‐joint project of public and private sectors ".
DIFFERENCES
OF
PUBLIC
FINANCE
•Adjustment of Income and expenditure.
An individual usually adjusts his expenditure to his income.
But the public authority generally adjusts its income to its expenditure adjusts its income to its expenditure
Unit of time. The public authority
balances its budget during a given period which is generally a year.
An Individual cannot borrow from himself An Individual cannot borrow from himself The public authority, on the other hand,can borrow internally from its own people and externally from other nations.
Surplus budgeting. For an individual, excess
of income over expenditurep or surplusp budgeting is considered to be a virtue.
WHAT
IS
FINANCIAL
MANAGEMENT?
G d FM i i t t t t ’ Good FM is important to a country’s development because it gives assurance to citizens that their taxes are being used appropriately,
PUBLIC
FINANCE
MANAGEMENT
AND
SOCIAL
ACCOUNTABILITY
•participatoryp p y p planningg
•participatory budget formulation
•participatory budget review and analysis •participatory expenditure tracking
PUBLIC
FINANCE
MANAGEMENT
MATERIALS
Models and tools related to public finance management at the macro and micro level
It includes operational
frameworks, guidebooks, manuals, handbooks, guidelines, checklists, software programs, field guides, and guide notes, among others,
