Institutional Repository | Satya Wacana Christian University: The Characteristics of a Mother’s Child-directed Speech Used to Her Two-year-old Daughter(A Case Study)

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Appendix 1

CHECKLIST

“The characteristics of Child

-

directed Speech”

Observation : ________________ Date/ Day : ________________

Duration : ________________ Topic : _________________________

Features

Occur-ance

Frequency

of

Occurrence

Example

1. Substitution; change the difficult sounds or names with the easier ones that children understand. a. Sound Subtitution

Eg. Itut ya? ; cucu b. Pronoun Subtitution

Eg.Maria is sleeping

2. Accentuation; make longer intervals between phrases and sentences to emphasizing new information.

Eg. Ba—na—na

[ …. ]

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Features Occur-rence

Frequency

of

Occurrence

Example

3. Intonation and pitch; use exaggerated-sounding intonation and higher pitch.

4. Use of diminutives, use familiar words around children.

Eg. Baby is cute

5. Short and grammatically structure, use fewer words.

6. Repetition, repeat the words or clauses as the main idea

7. Other findings of characteristics

a. ………..

b. ………..

c. ………..

d. ………..

[ …. ]

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CHECKLIST RECAPITULATION

“The characteristics of Child

-

directed Speech”

Features

1st– 10th Observations

Frequency of

Occurrence Examples

1. Substitution.

a. Sound Subtitution

b. Pronoun Subtitution

26

ambil_ambik

liat_liak s_umurc_umur

I  Mak Is

He  Pak Toso, Om Ateng She  Bu Tini, Sila, Dek Beva

2. Accentuation. 56 within words:

war—nanya ke—labu; em—pat ki—kit—ty; salati—ga ma—marah between words:

balon—hijau;

Abraham—mempunyai cuci—muka

3. Intonation and Pitch. 1.219

Pak Jono, De Tini, Sila, semua.

Banyu? Nggo opo?

Duduk sini, duduk sini.

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Features

5. Short grammatically structure Mak Is dioyak, Mak e dioyak. - Udah, bawa sini. Bawa sini, udah

aja nok. Dah, bawa sini, bawa sini

dua aja nok! Dah, taruh. 7. Other Findings.

a. Sentence Structure Change

b. Developing special context-bound vocabulary

c. Responding Child’s question words

d. Correcting Child’s word choices

56

Pake ini Mamak.

Iki gek opo Tuhan Yesus? ayunan  yun yen

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Appendix 2

Extract 25. Short Grammatically Structure

Observation : 1st Topic : Playing Doll

M : Ditanyai dulu adek, ditanyai. (Ask to the doll)

C : Maem ya? (berbicara kepada boneka – talk to the doll) (makan ya? – want to eat?)

M : Makan nasi ya?

(want to eat rice?)

Observation : 7th Topic : Buying an Ice Cream

M : Nunggu sini sek ya..

(Menunggu di sini dulu ya.. – waiting here. ) C : Emm, tono.

(di situ. – over there.) M : Duduk sek ya..

( Duduk dulu ya. – sit down please )

Observation : 3rd Topic : Night Chit Chat

M : Lak Ninis nganu, numpak opo? Numpak nganu yo, kereta doronge ndek bayi yo? Lak mbake karyawane ngguru yo nok.

(kemarin Ninisnaik kereta dorong bayi, lalu karyawannya tertawa – Ninis rode a baby stroller, then the shop keeper was laugh)

C : Ninis wa entup.

(Ninis tidak boleh – Ninis was not allowed) M : He em, ndak boleh, ayo adek ndak boleh.

(Iya, tidak boleh, ayo adek tidak boleh. – yes, not allowed, adek not allowed)

Observation : 2nd Topic : Take a Bath

M : Udah ya? Ditanya kok diem ya? Mandinya udah slese?

(Is it finished? Why do not you answer my question? Have you finished take a bath?)

C : Dah.

(Yes , I have.)

M : Yok berdiri yok, berdiri. ... seger..

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Observation : 5th Topic : Noon Activity

C : Mas Anton ndi Mak?

(Mas Anton di mana Mak? – Where is Mas Anton Mom? M : Opo nok?

(Apa sayang? – What’s wrong dear?) C : Mas Anton.

M : Mas Anton pulang (Mas Anton went home)

Observation : 8th Topic : Night Chit Chat

C : Mik tutu...

(Minum susu ...– I want to drink milk) M : Susu sapi opo susu Lactogen?

(Susu sapi apa susu Lactogen? – Cow milk or Lactogen?) C : Tutu tapi.

(Susu sapi ...– cow milk?) M : Mau?

(want?)

Observation : 10th Topic : At Grandpa’s House

[ ada tamu datang ]

C : [ menyanyi bersama ibu – singing with the mother ] M : Salim..

(berjabat tangan. – shake hand) C : [ bersalaman dengan tamu ]

Observation : 6th Topic : Noon Activity

(bawang – garlic) ...

M : Iki bawake nok, bopongke nok. Ojo nganti pecah lo. [ menyerahkan bungkusan bawang – giving the pack of garlic ].

(Ini bawakan ya sayang, jangan sampai pecah. – Take it carefully dear. Don’t let it fall. )

C : He e. (Iya – Yes) M : Yo. Pulang.