THE INFLUENCE OF STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING IN INFLECTIONAL SUFFIXES LEARNING ON THEIR ABILITY IN STUDYING ENGLISH
WORD FORMATION OF NOUNS AND VERBS AT THE SECOND GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 6 KOTA CIREBON
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Education Department of Tarbiyah Faculty of Syekh Nurjati
State Institute for Islamic in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Islamic
Scholar Degree in English Education (S. Pd.I)
Created By:
NURAENI
Reg. No. 59430730
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF TARBIYAH FACULTY OF SYEKH NURJATI STATE INSTITUTE FOR ISLAMIC STUDIES
ABSTRACT NURAENI :
Reg. Num. 59430730
The Influence of Students’ Understanding in Inflectional Suffixes Learning on Their Ability in Studying English Word Formation of Nouns and Verbs at the Second Grade Students of SMP Negeri 6 Kota Cirebon
Learning is a process fundamental in every level of education, it means that success or not to achieve the educational purpose depend on learning process of the students, both at school and at house. Inflectional suffixes is one of learning that are expected in order that students more easily understand the material of nouns; forming plural and verbs; indicating of tense, number. Then, make students more clearly differ about tenses and form the verb itself. By studying English word formation, students can more clearly know the variety of words or new some vocabularies by adding suffixes.
However, learning is relatively permanent change that occurs as an outcome of experience. So, is there any positive and significant influence of students‟ understanding in inflectional suffixes learning on their ability in studying English word formation of nouns and verbs?
The method of the research is quantitative approach, the techniques of collecting the data are analyzed by the theoretical and statistical analysis. For statistical analysis the writer uses formula of Pearson‟s product moment correlation. To indicate how many percents the contribution of X variable influences Y variable, the writer uses coefficient of determination (DC = r2 x 100%). The objective of research in this thesis is to know the influence of students‟ understanding in inflectional suffixes learning on their ability in studying word formation of nouns and verbs at the second grade students on SMP Negeri 6 Kota Cirebon.
SMP Negeri 6 Kota Cirebon is one of junior high school that becomes research area of the writer. It is located on Jalan Elang Raya No. 1 Kecamatan Harjamukti Kota Cirebon Provinsi Jawa Barat. The students‟ understanding in inflectional suffixes is 73.25. It is in good clarification. For the students‟ ability in studying English word formation of nouns and verbs, it can be known 92.25. It is in good clarification. Product moment correlation coefficient between X variable and Y variable (rxy) is 0.59. It is categorized in the sufficient correlation. The contribution of
coefficient of determination (DC) is 34.8% and 65.2% can be formed the other factors that need to be investigated more detail.
PREFACE
Assalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb.
In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful, all praises and thanks
always be given to Allah. With his mercy and permission, the writer has been able to
finish her thesis. May invocation and safety always be given to Prophet Muhammad
(peace upon him), his family, his colleagues, and his followers up to the end of the
world.
This thesis entitled in “THE INFLUENCE OF STUDENTS’
UNDERSTANDING IN INFLECTIONAL SUFFIXES LEARNING ON THEIR ABILITY IN STUDYING ENGLISH WORD FORMATION OF NOUNS AND VERBS AT THE SECOND GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 6 KOTA CIREBON” is submitted to the English Education Department of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Islamic Scholar in
English Education.
In this thesis the writer would like to express her sincerity and thankfulness to:
1. Prof. Dr. H. Maksum Muktar, MA, the Rector of Syekh Nurjati State
Institute for Islamic Studies.
2. Dr. Saefudin Zuhri, M.Ag, the Dean of Tarbiyah Faculty of Syekh Nurjati
State Institute for Islamic Studies.
3. DR. Hj. Huriyah Saleh, M.Pd, the Chairwoman of English Education
Department of Syekh Nurjati State Institute for Islamic Studies and as the
4. Nur Antoni E.T,SS. M. Hum, the second supervisor.
5. Sri Murtiani, M. Pd, the Headmaster of SMP Negeri 6 Kota Cirebon.
6. All teachers, staffs, and the students of SMP Negeri 6 Kota Cirebon.
The writer realizes that this thesis is far from being perfect and there are many
mistakes either in arrangement for writer herself and also for the students of Syekh
Nurjati State Institute for Islamic Studies Cirebon. Finally, the writer hopes this thesis
will be useful to the readers especially for herself and the English Education
Department of the State Institute of Islamic Studies Cirebon.
Wassalamu’alikum Wr.Wb.
Cirebon, July 2013
LIST OF TABLE
Page TABLE 3.1 The Interpretation of product moment ... 48 TABLE 4.4 The Result of Students‟ Understanding in Inflectional Suffixes
Learning ... 57 TABLE 4.5 The Result of Students‟ Ability in Studying English word Formation
of Nouns and Verbs
... 61
LIST OF FIGURE
CONTENT A. The Background of Problem ... 1
B. The Identification of The Research ... 6
C. The Limitation of The Research ... 7
D. The Questions of The Research ... 8
E. The Aims of The Research ... 8
F. The Usefulness of The Research ... 9
CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL FOUNDATION A. The Nature of Inflectional Affixes ... 10
B. The Nature of Learning ... 14
C. The Nature of Noun ... 18
D. The Nature of Verb ... 30
E. The Framework of Thinking ... 36
F. The Hypothesis of the Research ... 39
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH A. The Objective of Research ... 40
B. The Place and Time of Research ... 40
C. The Method of Research ... 40
D. The Variables of Research ... 42
E. Population and Sample ... 42
F. The Techniques of Collecting Data... 43
G. The Technique of Data Analyses ... 47
CHAPTER IV: THE RESEARCH FINDING A. The Presentation of The Data ... 50
1. The Objective Condition of SMP Negeri 6 Kota Cirebon ... 50
a. The Historical Background of The School... 50
b. The Geographical Location of The School ... 51
d. Vision and Mission ... 52 e. The Objective condition of The Teachers and The School
Administrators ... 53 f. The Objective Condition of The Students ... 55 g. The Condition of School Facilities ... 56 2. The Real Process of Teaching and Learning English at SMP
Negeri 6 Kota Cirebon ... 56 B. The Research Finding ... 57 1. Students‟ Understanding in Inflectional Suffixes Learning ... 57 2. Students‟ Ability in Studying English Word Formation of Nouns
and Verbs ... 61 3. The Influence of Students‟ Understanding in Inflectional Suffixes
Learning on Their Ability in Studying English Word Formation of Nouns and Verbs ... 64 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion... 72 B. Suggestion ... 74 BIBLIOGRAPHY
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. The Background of The Problem
Learning is one of the obligations that we have to do in a life. By learning, we
know everything. Learning can be done in everywhere and whenever. Lindsay
(2006:1) stated that Learning can take place both inside and outside the classroom. It
can be an informal process – picking up words from the TV, magazine, books, or
friends; or it can be formal process – attending lessons and taking part in classroom
activities where language and skills are introduced and practiced.
According to Hornby (1995) said that language is a system of sound and words
used by humans to express their thoughts and feelings. It means that language is a
tool to communicate with other people and it is one of the important aspects of human
behavior. Cora with Paul (2006:27) declared that we encode what we want to say
using language which made up of a range of components.
In other word, Robinson said that a language is a system of structurally related
elements for the coding meaning. The target of language learning is seen to be the
mastery of elements of the system, which are generally defined in term of
phonological units (e.g., phonemes), grammatical units (e.g., clauses, phrases,
sentences), grammatical operations (e.g., adding, shifting joining, or transforming
elements), and lexical items (e.g., function words and structure words). (In Irwan,
2011:2)
Talking about language, there are some languages in the world because every
country has its own language. In Indonesia, English is one of foreign language. It is
the most important language if we compare it with the other foreign languages. It has
an important role in education and becomes an accepted international language
nowadays. As the key to the international relations, people want to learn it not only
because of its prestige but also its important. In learning any language, there are four
language skills that must be mastered by the learner, namely listening, speaking,
reading, and writing skills.
Based on above, there two important points of language, firstly, the function of
language is to communicate and interact among people in social community.
Secondly, the function of language is a vehicle for the expression of functional
meaning.
We realize that every student have some problems to apply the language based
on those important. One of these problems is writing especially about word
formation. Writing is more crucial than others. According to Tory (2008:9) Writing
is regarded as more potent, more dangerous than its quiet sibling. In addition,
Charles W. Bridges (In Heni: 2006:10) stated that writing is a process of discovering
and forming meaning. It means that writing requires communicating that meaning to
someone. And writing well is one of the best ways we can communicate with
The writer also has included some reviews of related literature. They have
observed something to analyze student‟s English ability at writing. They are Ina
Caswina (2008), Sri Wahyuningsih (2012), Subkhan Ramdhany (2012) and Rizky
Hidayat (2012).
In Ina Caswina‟s research which is entitled The Student‟s Problem with Sentence
Structure in writing Composition. She told that forming the paragraph is more
complex learning activities than the other on. It absolutely needs knowledge of
grammar, vocabulary, and the idea of forming the idea itself in a meaningful of
sentence. It means that writing is more crucial skill because they have to know not
only vocabularies but also schemata. But, it had better that for the first time; we have
to know their ability of word formation itself.
In Sri Wahyuningsih‟s research, she thought that the students‟ competence by
using imperative sentence is good way to teach students in understanding the simple
sentence by students‟ competence, they will put own the memory. But from my point
of view, it had better that they learn how to form the word class itself. When the
words get inflectional endings, automatically they have different meaning or position.
According to Subkhan Ramdhany, writing of composition is a task which
involves the students in manipulating word in grammatically correct sentence and
linking those sentences to communicate the students‟ thoughts and ideas on a
composition. Moreover in writing narrative text, they must be competence in tenses
writing. But from my point of view, it doesn‟t mean that students have to imitate the
other‟s sentence in every practicing when they learn writing composition. And, it had
better to learn and understand of word formation especially nouns and verbs.
Rizky Hidayat has researched about the influence of students‟ understanding of
part of speech on their ability in writing descriptive text. From his research, he
recognized that by understanding about part of speech, they will have a good ability
in writing descriptive text. It‟s good enough but it‟s not sufficient because some of
word classes have each special endings and it has different meaning.
Based on the conclusions of related above, their research is still not sufficient to
inquire students‟ ability. They only observe in forming the idea into sentence without
knowing how students ability in understanding grammatical meaning of the word
itself. So, here the writer would like to endeavors to analyze how understand the
students are in forming words especially at nouns and verbs through the inflectional
suffixes learning.
Words are an important part of linguistic knowledge and constitute a component
of our mental grammars (Fromkin, 1999:60). And, according to Ronald (2006:258),
Word is the basic unit which relates the grammar of a language to its vocabulary.
Then, it can be composed of smaller unit, called morphemes. A morpheme is an
abstract meaning label attached to the smallest meaningful segments of sound in a
language; usually one morpheme label will group together two or more segment with
different ways to create new word through affixation, non-affixation or compounding
processes.
Ingo Plag (2002:17) stated that the study of word-formation can thus be defined
as the study of the ways in which new complex words are built on the basis of other
words or morphemes. Words have internal structure which indicates their
grammatical identity (e.g. that the word is plural, or past tense) and their lexical
identity (e.g. that the word unhappiness is a noun with negative meaning referring to
emotions).
Grammar is the system of a language. People sometimes describe grammar as
the „rules‟ of a language; but in fact no language has rules. If we use the word
„rules‟, we suggest that somebody created the rules first and then spoken the
language, like a new game. But, language didn‟t start like that. Language started by
people making sounds which evolved into words, phrases and sentences. No
commonly – spoken language is fixed. All languages change over time. What we
call „grammar‟ is simply a reflection of language at a particular time. (englishclub,
Grammar, Submitted: 2013-03-05)
In addition, grammar is generally divided into the study of the structure of
sentences, which is called syntax, and the study of the internal structure of words,
However, the grammar has turned into formal language and has function to get
ahead the students ability in language, especially English, in every formal even
informal school.
From the explanations above, the writer would like to try to inquire the influence
of students‟ understanding in inflectional suffixes learning on their ability in studying
English word formation especially at nouns and verbs.
B. The Identification of Problem 1. The Research Area
The Research area of this thesis includes grammar especially in
morphology and syntax which is emphasizing the Influence of Students‟
Understanding in Inflectional Suffixes Learning on Their Ability in Studying
English Word Formation of Nouns and Verbs at the Second Grade Students of
SMP Negeri 6 Cirebon. The researcher will endeavor to observe the students‟
ability in adding suffixes at nouns to form plural and verbs to indicate tense and
number. So they will improve and increase their knowledge in grammar. The
other one is to make the students know enough about the grammatical meaning
especially in word formation; and also the students will get ahead their
composition Exercise correctly.
2. The Kinds of The Problem
This study entitled “The Influence of Students‟ Understanding in
Formation of Nouns and Verbs at The Second Grade Students of SMP Negeri 6
Kota Cirebon”. This research focuses on the forms of noun and verb in adding
inflectional suffixes. They are able to form plural and indicate tenses or number.
There are many problems in English, especially about word formation.
The writer would like to mention the kinds of the problem in this thesis:
a. The students haven‟t known about affixation
b. The students got some mistakes to add the inflectional suffixes at nouns
and verbs based on grammatical meaning
c. The students cannot form the word based on inflectional suffixes
3. The Main of The Problem
Main of the problem in this research is the weakness of students‟ ability
in studying English word formation of nouns and verbs. Therefore, the writer
tries to apply the new theory, inflectional suffixes learning.
C. The Limitation of The Problem
In this research, the writer has decided to limit the problem only talking about
“The Influence of Inflectional Suffixes Learning on Student‟s Ability in Studying
English Word Formation of Nouns and Verbs”. Besides that, the writer classifies it
into some points, like:
1) Noun plurals (e.g. –s, -es )
2) 3rd person singular present tense –s 3) Past tense –ed
D. The Questions of The Research
Based on the reason above, the writer gives close attention to know:
1. Do the students have good understanding in learning inflectional suffixes?
2. Do the students have good ability in learning English word formation of
nouns and verbs?
3. Is there any positive and significant influence of the students‟ understanding
in inflectional suffixes learning on their ability in studying English word
formation of nouns and verbs?
E. The Aims of The Research
Then based on the questions of the research above, the writer has tried to arrange
the aim of the research as follow:
1. To find out students‟ understanding in learning inflectional suffixes
2. To find out students‟ ability in learning English word formation of nouns and
verbs
3. To find out the influence of students‟ understanding in inflectional suffixes
learning on their ability in studying English word formation of nouns and
verbs
These are the use of this research:
1. Increase the developing of learning English especially increasing students‟
ability of word formation
2. The thesis can give the information about students‟ ability in learning English
especially about grammar
3. This research is presented by writer in order that the teachers are expected to
be able to find new theory and strategy in understanding of language,
especially writing – grammar
4. The research can be a reference for the next research
CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL FOUNDATION A. The Nature of Inflectional Affixes
Affixes are morphemes which occupy a position in a word where only a limited
potentiality for substitution exists (John, 1975:30). And, some words (lexemes) have
3. The students should understand that understanding of inflectional suffixes
learning is one of important thing or as a basic to develop their writing,
especially in studying English word formation of nouns and verbs.
4. Finally, the writer hopes there will be many researchers who are interested in
teaching writing skill effect in the future. The writer suggests for the next
researchers to be more serious and perfectly to inform the teaching and
learning English subject and make the innovative of research findings and so
on.
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