i
REPRESENTATION OF IDEOLOGICAL CONFLICT IN THE J. R. R. TOLKIEN’S
TRILOGY THE LORD OF THE RINGS NOVEL (1937 – 1949)
THESIS
Compiled and Submit t ed as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirem ent s
For Get ting M ast er Degree of Educat ion in English Language St udies
BY:
ANA WIYASA NUGRAHAWATI
S. 200 120 013
M ASTER OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE STUDIES PROGRAM POST GRADUATE SCHOOL
vii M OTTO
“ Be sure w e shall t est you w it h som et hing of fear and hunger, some loss in goods, lives and the fruit s (of your toil), but give glad t idings to t hose who
viii DEDICATION
This thesis w ill be dedicat ed to:
M y Fat her in the Super Com fort able Place beside ALLAH SWT M y M other
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light ness and w e hope his direct ion in the Judgment Day
She also expresses her t hanks, appreciat ion and achievem ent t o people
w ho give t he m arvelous cont ribut ion in w rit ing her t hesis ent it led
“Representation of Ideological Conflict in the J. R. R. Tolkien’s Trilogy The Lord of The Rings Novel (1937 – 1949)” until finish
1. Prof. Dr. Bambang Set iaji. The Rect or of M uhamm adyah Universit y of
w rit ing this research paper
5. Dr. M . Thoyibi, M . S, The Second Advisor, t o the patience, correct ion, advise
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6. Seno Wiyoko, Suyat i, The Parent s, for inspiration and mot ivat ion to finish
her st udy also their pray that never st op t o her success.
7. Ridhiya W iyasa Nugrahaningt yas, S. KM & Qurnia Wiyasa Nugrahaeni, The
Sist ers, for t heir support to finish her st udy
8. All researcher & friends in M PB Class, for remarkable friendship
9. Dr. Im am Sukardi, M . Ag, Dr. Giyoto, M . Hum, Budiasih, S. Pd, M . Hum, Dr. H.
Sujit o, M . Pd, M uhamm ad Zainal M ut taqien, S. S, M , Hum, The Lect urers of
IAIN Surakart a, for pray and cont ribut ion for her future.
10. Her friends in THE S Kingdom: Dr. Krt . H. S. Sat riyadipura, M . Pd, Irwan
t hat this research m ay be beneficial for everyone in t his world
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CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ………21
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1. Review of Represent at ion……….21
a. Represent at ion ………..……….. 21
b. The Represent at ion in Lit erat ure ………22
c. Post – St ruct uralism and Represent at ion ………..22
d. The Figure of Represent at ion and Theory ………23
2. Review of Ideology ………25
a. Ideology and Element s ………25
b. The Type and Charact erist ics of Ideology ……….29
3. Review of Conflict Theory ……….33
a. The Not ion of Conflict Theory ………..33
b. Conflict Theory Point s ………..………..33
4. Review of Cont ext Oriented Approaches ……….35
a. Theoret ical Approaches t o Lit erat ure ……….35
b. The Classification of Theoret ical Approaches ………37
c. The Not ion of Cont ext Orient ed Approaches……….38
d. The Classification of Cont ext Orient ed Approaches ………….38
5. Review of Sociological Lit erat ure Crit icism ……….. 39
a. Lit erat ure and Social Syst em ………. 41
b. The Position of Writ er in Societ y ………41
c. Societ y and Social Problem As M at erials ………..42
xiii TW ENTIETH CENTURY : A SOCIOLOGICAL OF THE LORD OF THE RING NOVEL ……….48
A. Social Background of England In The Early – Tw ent iet h Century…..51
1. The Social Aspect s ………..51
2. The Econom ic Aspect s ……….53
3. The Religious Aspect s ………..55
4. The Political Aspect s ……….58
5. The Developm ent Science and Technology ………64
6. The Culture Aspect s ……….65
B. The Biography of J. R. R. Tolkien ………...66
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A. Ideologies Elem ents ……….69
B. Ideological Conflicts ……….84
C. The Cause of Ideological Conflict ……… 86
D. The Effect of Ideological Conflict ………. 90
CHAPTER VI: THE REPRESENTATION OF IDEOLOGICAL CONFLICT IN THE J. R. R. TOLKIEN’S TRILOGY THE LORD OF THE RINGS NOVEL (1937 – 1949) ………...94
A. Represent at ion of Ideology ………94
B. Represent at ion of Ideological Conflict ……….117
xv ABSTRACT
Ana Wiyasa Nugrahaw at i, S200120013. REPRESENTATION OF IDEOLOGICAL
CONFLICT IN THE J. R. R.’S TRILOGY THE LORD OF THE RINGS NOVEL (1937 –
1949). Research Paper. M uhamm adiyah Universit y of Surakart a. 2014
There are a lot of ideologies in the J. R. R. Tolkiens Trilogy The Lord of The Rings novel. From those ideologies t here are shared ideology and conflict ideology. In the w rit ing t his research paper, t he w rit er focuses on the ideological conflict. The t heories are used in this research paper are ideology, conflict t heory and represent at ion. Sociological approaches and cont ext orient ed approach are support theories t o analyze t he represent at ion of ideological conflict. The main object ive of t his research is t o analyze t he ideological conflict reflect ed in The Lord Of The Rings novel (1937 – 1949). The quest ion t o be discussed are how is t he ideological conflict are refl ect ed in the t he J. R. R. Tolkiens Trilogy The Lord of The Rings novel (1937 – 1949) elaborat e the element s of ideologies, and elaborat e t he ideological conflict.
The general finding is t he beliefs from t he ideology and the form of domination by t he governm ent in the societ y are influencing the ideological conflict. The specific findings are t he shared and conflict ideology, t he cause and effect of ideological conflict, the represent at ion of ideology and ideological conflict. In the discussing of finding, the w riter used t he cont ext orient ed approach especially in the discussing t he represent at ion of ideology and ideological conflict . The cont ext is t he condition of societ y at t he t im e w hen t he novel is writ t en. So that, the w rit er used t he sociological approach t o invest igat e t he condit ion of societ y in the writ ing of novel.
