Staff Site Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

l()l

K.H.

ATIMAI)

CONCIlPTS

's cultural valucs.

DAI

I

l.,AN'S

AN

I)

lil

I

IAI).lAIr

l)liW;\N'l'AltA'S

oF

llDUCAl'l

0N

l

N'l'l

l

li l'lilts

l'l'l(l'l'l

\/l'.l

oF

CI'I

ARAC'I-ItI{

I'D

I.JCAl'ION

DJ'1lh K u itl:llnsll

li

LccllrrcI at

I'lS

Yogyrrliirr'11

iltatc

LJrri!c|siti

clyalrktttnalitlrrrgttrail.ctltlr

Al)st

lircl

tdy aints

to slu(ly:

(l)

concc111s

ol'ctlttcitliollal

jlttlovitliotls

IloIos'(l

hv

K'

ll

t\lrrnatl

Dlhlln

and

Ki

Oi*un,uto

dLrrini the Outch colonial era

in

lncloncsia aod thcir contribu{iortl to cdrrclliorlirl sttttggles at

imi,

(;),litn.nrio,i,

olcharaclcr

cduciltion

i11

tllc

ctlLrcali(rnal

concc'ts b1

K ll

Allrn.d

Dahlan and

Ki

ii

d*untoro

as

x

bosis

to

lilcc

t10

situutiorrs

rlrrlin.r

llrc

cra.

urrl (.i)

rr _{1rroItIrIIiIrtI}

ol

corllbitlirtg

tltc concepts by

K

.H. Ahnrad Dahlau uncl

Ki ilarljlir I)c\\illrt|rii

ttsitrs lhc bilsis

ol

tcligioLts vrtlttcs atrcl

dy wus cprtrlit0tivc

in

ttitltrlc ctltployittg

tltc

lrist.rierrl

llIlrtt'ltclt

lt

tr:eLl

llrc

LIrtLttrtctt(

slu(ly

ls

(llc

metlrOcl, carLicd oUt on both

plintary

aItl

scconclaty sorttccs. ilcsidcs. this 5tu(l) clllllroyc(l intcrvicws aS

ll1c(l]o(1.

Thc

intcr.victvs

r!cIc

cortrlrrclcrl

rvith

lirLLr l\'lLtlrrttttttttLlit'rth

itnd

Titnlltnsisrvlt practitionors.

idings

of

thc study are as

lollorvs.

Fil.st, thc

con(lilion

ol'thc

cclLrcltion dLrling thc colonial government

wnrlairatin,tinnti*

0n(l

thsl

ol

lhc

tslirrrric tilLtcrrliprl

rvhich \vils

llol

r(rotl

cncotrtittlctl

K II

Ahnlad

Kyai

Haji

Ahmad

Dalrlan

(hctcal'tcr

rvtittcrr

Ahmad Dahl.rn) ancl

Ki

llacljar

l)c\\lntrtrrr

two

educationill llgLrtcs

thlt

Ill(l()rrcsiir during thc Dutch

coloniiil

pcriod lloth

ol' dcvclopccl cortccpts

ol' c(ltlcillioll

atljLrstcrl t,r

cultural,

atrcl

tcligiotts

concliliorts

ltl society. They not

only

creatccl colrcclLs

Li

ii

.l

ito

run Muhu'tmudiyah

schools (hil1

inlcsr.tc(l gc.c'al

l<tort,lcdgc atrtl t'cltgioLts

tcitclings.

llis

was

idio

prouia. snrdcntsivith a balancc lTcl'',crln inLcllcctLlrl irrtcllig,cn0c

lntl

spit ilLLrtl irrLclligcnce

Ki

Hadjar'

cnllh,rsizctl Ilttttc ott ctltteitliotl bitserl 0lt

lotrrl

errlltrtr" l'ttrlLrtLtrLtl

lllLtlt

I'i'tr;r

tlrrrt lre csllrblisllccl otl pr'inciple

ol

scll-intlcpcnclcnce

rvilh

a nutionel basis

airrctl

to tcitlizc

e,.lLrertLioll

tltlt,rlclclopc'd

thc

n's charactcr cclucalion

rvls

bascrl

on

Islirnric tcurlrLrts.

rlirrlrcl!

llLilll. l.rrrr\lerlge.

ltrrtl

grx[l rlccds

ltt

u

r"tigiun

tuugtr, ltot

only

knowlcrlgc. brLt irls(r ,tootl rlcetls.

()n lltc

ollrer llitrr(1. rreco|ditlg to

Ki

Ilacliar

r.eduiatio,r

hitl

tu tukc rtccottttl

ol

lt hlllrtttcc rtrtr,,ttrl

llrr slo\

lll ol clriltltcrr':1trorl

cLrtttlLttl irttcllccttrill ty, and physical

ability

for

thc sakc

ol-tllcir

pcr

lirt

rlcvcloItIcttr.

lrtiLteatiLrtr

\\xs

irrrl)lcrrrcrrtcd usirlg thc ris

ofni",ri

(unclcrstaicling;, ngr.oso

(l'ccling).

urrcl nglakoni (cloing) cortrbitrcil

\\'ith lhc

irnlong (caring)

goth

k.

H.

Ahmarl

Dahlitn ancl

Ki

Ilarllrrl

l)crvirrrlrrll

lclirscil

lhc

svslcrn

ol-c(l(rciltioll hy lhe

Dulch

gove1nment

at

that

tinlc,

lvhich

lvirs

rliscrinrn.r(iic irr(l

\cry

inttlle({llirl irl

llilltllc

llrirLl. botlt

K ll

dahlan ancl

Ki

Hacljar Dcwantara consiclclccl

rt

inrportlrll to

ilnplcrrrerll crluc0tioll

wllich

lvas holistic,

the Islamic

bolrtling

schopl syslcnr

ri'lticlt rrus

rrrrrlrgerl

b1 (lrc lirrttilr

slslertt

llltotrgll

tllc

lslirrttic

ng school systcnt

rviih

thc togcthclncss

ol

tcircllcrs urrrl slrLclcnls

crcty

tlirr'. sttlrlcllts i1l(lil,lctly lcltrncd no1

fro-m tcxtUoot<s but also fr.onr

lilc

rhrt

{hcy cxpcIicnccd

dlili'.

ILcligion htscd ulrrttlclr:t qdlrcirtion

irl

noblc

cducation accor.clilg

lo

K.ll.

Ahtrril(l I)ahlurr rrrrLl errllrrlc-brtscrl

toorl

eltrttrtelul

c(lurilli()ll

il) Ki

Ilarlirtr ra's pclspec(ivc h.rtl

alllost silllilrtf corlcc')ts Sirrrlrlititr" LlisciIlirrc

itttlcIctttlcttcc

sllitit' allil

ttoblc were

primaty

objcctivcs

in

thciI

ctrnccpls

ol

odLrcation. 'l

hcir lcltttlirtg

lltoccsscs ctnphasizcd thc

s

of

gooil ciirrlrllics

ittltl ilcttls irl rLrilr

lrli

lo

lirllrr 1l\)(l

ltrrbits rrrt'1

h'ltrlr

it'rs

-l

lrtsc

trro llttttcs'

olch'ar.actcr cclrrcation arc

still

rolcvilnt

lo

[rc trpplicrl rrLrrvirr.lltys bccrrLrsc

lltcl

ltc

lll

lrattlttltty rvith

lllc

design ofchalacter eclucalion dcvelopccl l)v the

!o\crnlncllt.

chatactcr cdqct(ion. K.

ll.

Ahntacl l).rltlatr.

hi

IIild.iuL

I)c\\ilntltir.

tLLLtL rirl lrisLoricrri tcllcctiLrtt

ur(lrr

()aaulrilli\irl ,rL

lllirl

lilll.

l)Lll llls() llcli\'alY looli

purt iur(l \\'cre Llitccllr

iltrtrlrctl

irl tltc

licld

ol'

ctlucation:

thcy

str0gglcd

to

P(Jvitlc cclttcatiotr

lbr

thc

i,rtltgcnotts

pcople by

cstablishing

NlLrhlrntrrrrdiyrtlr

lrtrrl'lltllllrrrsis*'a

cclitclttitlnal

orgirnirirtions.

lltcsc,llgrttlizltiotls

dcvclopcd

tltc

ittrligcrtoLLs

Icrrlrlc

s irrtlcIcrrtlcttl

spilit

on thc irasis

ol

sLrerrr eLrlltrtlrl

\lrrrrgllls

oll

lllc

Lrtlt llirttrl

itllil

lllc

rcligiou\

slrcl]g111 ort

lllc

otllcr

K.ll.

Ahrlud

I)altlln

vicu,erl

tltrl

thc

socirl

conditions

iitich

ivclc

unl.itvorabic

in

tclns

_ol.

ccononric.

political. sociirl. irnrl

_cLrllLrllrl

uspccls llceirtrse

ol

1lr(

o(r.rlJrllor;rltl

llrc

_{rtli-riLrLrs lil.c}

which

was

ncl

bascd

on

Al

err.an

.,,,1 lln,lith

|csLrltctl

in

lirllrlislit.

:rIri

sliltic itIilLl(lcs. r]il

tr,ly

J.i(lrllt-

I,,,rl

\,Ir,11t.,1\

..rrri

.rrl1..rrr!

r.

rlt't;',

givcn. _fo rlcirl

rlith

lltis. trrlrlicnrng

ncw il\!,ilrcncss

\\,.r

rr\'.(\.ir)

t.

ll.r1.. l,.,,I,lc

1,,,..(..

\!il_r(lj:

_r..

lo,.

iIl.rrt_.(

.llr.rrrs..lr,.,

l,rr

1,-.,,,11.

lr,j\s\.. r.:

lelr:- ..

r..rr''. IL.l(.111..,

L,

rL...trrrrr:,,

irr

\. (,,,

..i

lutrrl

llit(litll

_is

bclicrerl l0

_{bc ir i|1r1,}

lo (lcvcl(rI

scll_

iclcntity anci scll-rclilnec. coLulgc

lo

sltugglc ag:rinst

vicc

(oll)ressr()n). _irrrd

titc

l,iil

t,,

tlcvii,p

vrlUr

{rrrtlcPtll{lfl](c)

iSrrtliq i\.

_hLrrrtorrr.

200(r:

lSll). -fhis

bcconrcs

l

li)un.lrlion

of

Vrrrr.trrlr:.,i

.,

.

.

,tr

r,,

l,

.,

,.,1r .,rr ,,rr

tlrrlili0

K.ll. r\ltltatl

l)rrltlun.

tvlto lhsolbccl

_a

lol

0l lsliIIic

ntodcrn vllLlas

1o

(lc\,clop

l

ltilll

civilizltlio

, l(i

I llrtil:rr.

I)cN,i!ttilril Nils

tllllUrIcc(l

lllorc

l)!

('\\

_{l)ct.slt(rti\as}

(rl

c(l

(it1i()n

ll

_lJtc

W.sl

itnd

cltboriltc(l hjs

crlLlcltionitl thcorics

_{Using tllc}

ntlion's cIll |1tl

ttr]LtL,s (esJrcr.itrJl!

Jtrrlrrrcst,

eullurr).

I

rr)nl

tltc

erlUrlrlt()llitl

tl)cot),

_{l)crspccttVc.}

hc

rvirs

inllLrcnccrl

by

Montcssori.s

lhcoly

_oi

urirri:rtr,'rr.

,

_J,rr..

L

tr.

t( .1,(\.t

l.,t

(.l

t,{t..,r.,

rrro('l)enJc

tl \l\lltl.

Iic(,t,,1.

rrr

tc,,rrrrr]_.

;rr.,l

altcn{iolt 10 _{childr.cn's inlctcsts}

ill](l

_{nccrls (Si-rrlr0 A}

KLl0loro. 1006:

ll

I

).

I crrelrcr.s.

ntain

tluty

is

rro{

giving

knorvlcclgc

to

cltil(lrcn

bLrt

guirling thcnt

to

lcarn

in

accordancc

with titcir

_{Icvclopnrcnlul}

Illcrcsls

itit(l nccils

\/il)lcrrcc.

i)Ullisll]lct)1.

_lUl(l

lotcc

arc Dol Llscd to cducatc cltilclr.cn

in

ordcr that

tlrcl

. :rrr,ler cl.,1r lrr,,1 i1,l(,l,ctr,i(.1t \l\tf rl

Mtrltarrrnrrrlryalt

cclrrcaliol

lhal

_devclolts

Islantic

virlrrcs and gcncrai

knowlcdgc natrilcslcd

irl

K.ll.

Ahr

i,l

I)illll.

r'r (,,llc(llt ,,t

((lU..,rt:i,n.

_l(l

CLItI(iillol l\l\\.,1

,'n

tlri

I:ttt,,

itl (l.lll

(,

lltitl

l\r

Iladjal

_{Dcrvarrtlr.a clcvclopccl havc goals par.allcl}

to

those ol'1hc

nlllionitl

cdLlcillion.

ln

qcncr.ul. lsluntic

!(lltiitti,'

lt:lr

,t

I,

Llrrl\

,t.t\..t.,

i,l

lrr|

,rrrru

rrr.-h.uttart

bcrng..

l,llcl\

nlrl.ir)!

llrc.rr cafrrlrl..

_,,1.

rlel,.lr'l)rrrr:

.tll l,

lr,,t..ntr.rl.

L, l.

_r(lr..rl

nraxitnitlly

in acco|dancc rVitlt

lltc

Iulcs

shl(j(l in Al

Qur'an and

llil(lith

so

tltill

linllll,

thcy

rvill

bccornc

wlole

.

.hurnln

bL:rngs

(MarzLrki. 20ll:467).

Mcanrvhilc. _{crrllLu.c-basccl cilLrculion thur}

Ki

llaclirir

Dcrvantala dcrclopccl

itints

lo

c(lucNlc

childrcn

so

lhal thcy

cilt

l'ijcl. lhirrl(.

itjlrl worli

_{in(ici)cn(lcnrJy irl}

thc

scopc

ol'itllilit)iltg llrr.

rony

_trrrri

llcilcc

itl

lil!

logclhctncss

(r\briLrIr.trcltILrI

_{S rrr.jrrrtriltir(ljo,}

l9ii6;lill). Tirr cr)ntlrililli0l

01.

tltcl;t t\\o priniiltics

rcsults it)

il

co0ccpl

ol

cllirritctcI ctlrrcatir,rr ptrrirll.,l

lo llt( !uitl ,,t tjr\.

.rl,\rl:rl

e.l.r.,,t.urr.

,,.rtr..ly

ttltkilU

r',irr,lc

I r , L I , , _r r , , , I : r .

.

_1,.,,p

lc

r,lr,,

lr:rr,

_rr,,r

()lll\

rIll('l'tr'(lr,.

lr

t

r,,,,.:,,.,, .r.,.,irr.Lr. rr.Jl

,rs

lovc ancl

ltlitlc

o1 11rc nilli()n iltLl counlrr-.

2, Chrractcr llducrtioll

in K.H.

_Ahmatl

Da

hltn's

_CoDccpt

of

_Education

I(.11. Alrrrriril Dulrlarr cornbincd

scisntillc

knoulcJgc

irrd

reliUior ro inrfrove

the

_{poor lile}

(\\rl\lilr,.'Ir

llr.

l)L\,j1lc

c\pcricIL(rl

_clLriirrg thc

t,'lrrtti;rl

..rir.

n

sltrl(!,y tu

_fucc

sucill

_clrcugc-s

due

to

llro(lcrnizntiol.

accorcling

1o

K.ll.

Ahmad

l)lrlrlirrr. _{elrrr.l,c rtr.rtl(}

by

tcl(rllg

lu Al

eL,r.ln

by

(rudiuirl

rg

liltiilistic

J

i

ldcj lrrd

blrtr,l ob,.Jienci. Such a _{slrxtcgy accor(ling to Abclul Munir.Mulkhan}

(l()trrt;'t1

..',r

bc

_rrilrJe

hy

_{.rw,rl,urrrng}

tltt

iltihatt /tlrinkrrrg

r

sprIit

rtrrrl lllutivjltiur)

lhtoUglr

thc

improvonrent

of

logicf,l

and ralioial

;inking

c:rlrrrl,ilrry

rrrr.l

lry

srrrJyirrg

soeirj

lc.rlilies.

I hcrcluru. thc ubjcct

ol

thc _P1q3qj1lng llto\ cnlcnt by

MLrhulrnrrrliyuh

(hal K.ll.

Ahnracl

_Dahh;

\'slirbli\lr(\l

is

.lctuk_rpirrg

inltorirtrvc spirit

_and

rroli\irlrr,n in all

.oeral

_{srrara. fi.orD rhe liypcople,}

tllc l)('or.

lltr

Ireh, t(' thc intcllccrrllrl

llr(

l)r',,ics.

L'l

(il.tfit(tLl.

_c(lu(JtiL,r)

tlrll

_K,H.

Airrrad

l)ahlan

applicd

to

hjs

shrclents wis

gudLr0lly carricd

o

1

wilh

_{cenflinty. Thc coutitgetb}

itcl

or

to

.r[r

goocl

dcctls wos

soulcthiug

;ol*

irrlr.rlrrrrrr rllirrr _{rrr..r'cly r.crrdirrg}

lntl

_{nrenroIizi g}

rli

ty

Al

(.)uf

iUl

_vcrscs

ils

possil)lc,

_M0lnorirl nraoy

Al

Qur'an

vcrses

with;ut

unclerstanding

inrplcrllcnLing

thc

coltlcltts

was

not

_bcDel

crroLrglt

accoldilg

1o

ll,lt.

Tjlcrelorc.

thc

Dr(

llrrrt lrc alrplicd irr tclclrrng _{his studcnts wrs l)ol}

rclJin5.rrrrl rlcrtrolizing

Al

eur.un

_{verscs, bul}

.I)rlcl\t.r

{irn!

Ilrr,

rrrt.lrnirrgs

lrrrJ

rntplcr ur

thcnr

ol

cloing gi_rocl clecds iu clailv lilb. Thc loirndation

ol'K.H.

Ahlrad

Dahlan,s

r'

r)LIU

crlllcillrott _{is lslurrric tcuchings cor}

tlrlec

pillur,

_{cs l)tclltioncd belorc. rrattrcly}

fuitlt.

scrcltrlle

lrrowledge.

and good decds;

bc(olltc

tl)u brr,is hrr

irll

_{uducJtionfll itIcntpts}

itc lrirrlr.

l(cligiotrr lirrrh

(belicll rn

_the

bccontcs

rlrc

pr.iruirr'1 pillar..

lollowed by

_scr lirrorvlcdgc _{t{) support rhc}

bclicf

_{tlrtrl onc}

has.

posscssing

religious

laith

and

beliel

_one

wil

willingly do

good (lcc(ls

in

_{accor.dancc with}

Irlrgi.rrrs

Iulcs.

lhesr: lrr., plir.;rllcl

to

thc chi

rrlucurion rhcrrr')

by Li,,korrl

{lg9j:51),

_who that charactcr has thr.ee _{intcrrelated aspects,}

nolal

_{knowing, nroral lbeling, and}

rroral

_bi

ll

l)..gini wilh krrowilg

irllgo-od

thilgs.

lollowcd

)lrlllrgrlcrs

i

t

tltc

ltc rl)

to do

ull

gouci things. i

lirr:rlly

ti,ll,rwcrt

hy

Ll,,irg

rrll

goj

rhing,,

tlr'cc

itsl)(ctj.

ccot,.lrng

lo

Licl(onil, ilrc con!

,r'' tl)s

lrirlrili

ol

lhIltUltl\.

_{lr:clitigs. trtttl trctionS;}

irll.

ll

IltuIt.

il i.

rr..eerilrry

ro

hnvc knowlcdUo

ju(lgc

whirt is rigltt,

coltccli

about what is

righi

lic

fe

hc

ue

,rd

)y

ul

tq

rg s,

tJw

tn

rd

c,

l,

ls

o

3,

Chrrnctcr tiducation

in Ki

llurljar

Dcwantara's Conccpt

of

F.ducnlion

Educating. accorcling

to

Ki

Illdjar

Dcrvanlala,

is not

only

improving the intellcctual

aspccr. but

also simr:ltaneously

cnhancing

thc

r'norrl

(inncr

strength. charactcrJ,

thought

(intcllcct).

and physical aspect

of

a

child. ln

aclciition,

Ki

Ilacljar.

Dewantnra

(

l9i7a:323)

also

cmphasizcs

_thc

importance

of

cducation bnscd

on

culturc,

which

sttempts

to

enhance goocl

moral

as rrraxinrally as possible

by

devcloping thoughts,

feclings.

and

willingncss. Educution

ol

thL'

cugnitivr

ir:l\(t

(thought

or

intellcct)

is

allcacly

clear; up

to

thc

lprcscnt,

it

lrcc<lnrcs

thc

fir'st

priolily

itr

oLrr

educational systcnr.

Howcvcr, thc lll'lcctiv0

lsl)cct (feelings

and

willingness)

is

olten

ncglcctecl. A

igood

pcrsonnlity

is

nol

givcn

h

t

ir

rn

sr

l).

, dcvcloped through a long ploccss.

Education

ofgood

urolll

basccl on thc nntion's cultulc is dcvcl0pc(l

lnrl crcllplillcd

by tcirclrcls or.

parnong.

Thc

conccpt o

l'

"r'll?,{.jrl",

lum0ly

//!'cl.//

(knowing),

rglo,ro (lccling).

rrnrl rrg/rrlioirl (iloin11),

cornbined

with

the

instrLrctional rncthod

with

rhc

anong (caring\

svstctn, bocontcs

an

insltuclionill

systent

applied

il

Tantirnsiswa.

with

thc

sloglrr

Tulwti

Handayani

(Litcrally,

it

rrrcans

'Florr

tlrc

rear, the tcachel nrotivfltes thc stu(icnts'). With sLrch

a systcm,

Ki

IIad.ilr

Dcwill]tara nrirdc

rn

allcr.nalivc to colonial cducalion

which

was too

intcllcctuill

in

nature

by

devcloping cducation

based

on

thc

nation's

cultulc,

including

hunrlnity,

indcpcndcnl

spirit, lcspcct

lbr

piucnls, politcncss.

crhics,

nationalisnl,

and stluggling

spilit,

in

olclcr

thar

education

dcvclops slu(lcnts

irs

a

rvltolc

rr,hich

enhanocs

thcil

pcrson

lity

urrrl cha|actcr..

The proccss

ofcducation

ol'goocl rnoml

by Ki

llttcljar

Dcwantarl

is crrr-ricil orrl

il

li)uf

strgcs tlrirl

he

took f'rom Islantic principlcs, nanrcly

,r.t,ra i'rr1

(law), halcikat (csscrlcc),

toikot(palh),

Ind /r./

i.l/irl

(knowlcdgc). 1'l1c

,\vuti'ut

stagc

is

th0

proccss ol

making

childlen

under age havc

good

habits, rhc hakikat stage is thc tinrc

ol'plovitlint

insight inro

ol

undcrstanding oJ'All vil'tuc

allcr

lhey

rrc

gro\!n

up.

lhe

lorifurt

slagc is a proocss

of

making thcnt awal.e

ofthe

obligation to do good clcctls, ancl ll.tc tnu

rilirt

stage

is

the highcst stagc

in

which thc

grown-ups

are

capable

of

distingLrishing

bctwecn

vicc

ancl viftuc and selecting thc b01tcr lor tltcn'tsclvcs.

Good moral

bcconres

thc

nrain

goal

ol

thc

learning proccss

that

Ki

lladjar

Dcr.,anlarr conducted. Educating according

to

hirr

is

not only

irnploving

thc

intcllcclual

spcct

rs

thc

schoolr g

system

by

the Dutch colonial

governll'tent

at

that

timc,

but also sirrultancously inrproving

t\c

goocl

moral (inner _strenglh, charrctcr), lhoLrght

(intcllccr),

and physical aspect

ola

child.

193

{.

(l)nll)iIriion ol K.ll.

,\hrrrIrl Duhlin's

llnd

Ki

lla(l.iar

Dc\1rntllrr's

CoDccpts of

Chirrirctcr llducation

Thcsc

trvo

ligtrlcs'

contmon

intelests

in

cclucation

u|c

thrt

thcy

cntphasizc education

of

pc|sonality

ancl

good nloral

conduct.

The

cultivation

ol'children's

pc|sonality and good moral corrduct bcconrcs

thc

lirst

priority

indispensable in

thc

lcnrning

ploccss.

Whcn thc Dulclr

colonial

govcrnnrcnl

inrplcmcr',tecl

inlcllectulll

education

rrnccasingly. thcsc

t\\,o llgutes

s,cre bmve enouglt

rur

rrakc

a

clccision

to

intpl!nrcnt

educatiou

with

diflcrcn( conccpls.'l'hcir

cdLrcrtional goals not only

crrphasizc

tltc

ilrlal['ctLtill or

cognitivc

ssfect,

but rulst,

rlcvclop

chiltlrcn

s

good

chilractcrs. Islaln,

rvlrich

is

llrll

ol'tcirchings

crnphasizing norms

lrgrrtlirg

thc lclrrtirrrrslrip rrrtrolg hrrnlrn bcings rtnd

thlt

l)ctwccn

hurnln

bcings irncl Cod, bccomes the

lorrrrdrtirrn

ol

K

Il.

Ahrnad Dahlan's cducation

of

gorxl

tttrlitl

eortrltrel.

l\luirltvltilc,

charnctct' scrrsiliverrcss cLLllivirlcd tlrIrrLrgh

a

vaIicty

of

ar.t

r(li\,lics

llr(l

ill iltl)(ll(tii)l

l() tltc nltlion's cullul0

bc{iorncs

thc

lbirndation

ol Ki

llacljar Dewantata's c(lucali{)n

lloth

K.ll.

Alrrrad I)irlrlan

lnd

Ki

Hadjar

I)clvallillil

crrl;lltIsizc

thc

inlpottancc

of

thc

culliv!tiorl

ol'goocl

moral

con(lLlct

that can

be

naximizcd

in

thc

bourding

cducalional systcm.

K.ll.

Ahrlud

l)alrlun's

lnrl Ki

llld.jar

[)cwantart's

cor'rccpts

ol'

the

borrding

systcrn

ain

to

develop

chiklrcn's physical urtrl

spiriturl

aspccts,

The

ruldclstarrlinu

ol

lcligioLrs

tclrcltings

and

thcir.

iorplcmcnlation

as rvcll as thc

prcparation

of

prospcclivL' lorrtlcrs

hcconte

th0

goills

of

thc

M rrlrirnr

rlirtliyulr

ltolldirrs

systcrn.'l

hc

lanansiswa

tcrching

institution.

bascd

on Ki

Hadjar |)urr:rrrt:t ,r'

,

ltrttt,tl

,,'

r (

l't.,.

(t

tlr'lit\t/C{ ItotC

_O

cclucation

in

thc l)olrding

systent as an alternalive

lhut hc olli'rc(l

in

trnticiplrtinq

cclucation which

bccotttcs nrrrtc

trntl

rrrLrrc

itrt(llcetuill

ill

naturc.

Eclucation IbcLrsing

on only

intcllcctuality

makes

hurrunity

lccling pclislr

irrtrl crlphlsizcs

only

rllusions.

lioth

ligLrrcs

i'icrl

thut

thc

boardirrg

syslcrn

is

an

approp|iurc

ntodcl

lbr

charactcr

ccluca l ion.

ll' thcir- vicrvs tr|c cornbiIcrl, tll0y car reprcsenl cdLrcationirl pcrspcclivcs that, bcsides enrphasizing

lcligious

nornts.

highly

rcspccr thc ualion's cultural

valLrcs in clcvcloltinq studcnts' chiuilctcrs. Up to tlte

prcsent. characlcr cclucation

in

lncloncsia is

still

in

thc process

of

scalching

alicr

thc

utost appropriate

loInrat.

ll

l)uncasila bccorncs

tltc

lbLrnclation

ol

thc

implementation. chalactcr cclucalion has to conloun

to all

principlcs

in

Puncusilu.

Thc

Iir.st pr.inciplc.

bclicl

in

Cod,

cannot

bc

scporated

fiom

lhe .

corlporlcrts

of thc

intp lemclt

talion

of

the nation's

cllariicter cduciltion.

Ilcligion.

which bcconcs

thc

IbLrnclation

ol

K.ll.

Ahnrad

Dahlan's

character

c.,luca1ion,

is

all

alterniltivc

lbr.

thc

chalactcr

cclucalion inrplcntcntrition

in

lncloncsia, cornbined

c

s

g

d II

d

v

194

rvith thc

cducution

ol

good

nmlal

basccl

on

thc

natioD's

cLlllurc

thut Ki Ilirrljirr

I)cwilnt|ra

tlcvclopcrl.

I\4oruorcr'.

il

llrcl

rrrc slLr(lrc(l

irr

rir()rc

de(ail,

thcse

lrvo ligurcs'birsic

iclcirs

ol

chllucLcr'

cclLtcllion

ntc irr linc $rtlr lclull

lhcorics

on

cha[rctct

c(luelrLioi]

lrl

l)rc\crlL. srreh

its

tlrosc proPoscd by

l-icliorl

i

l99l

I

lnd llohlin

(2005).

1 hc sinrilirr

itl ol

K.l

l.

.,\lrrrurl l)arrlan's

iurd

Ki Iladjrr

l)crluntelu's

conccl'rLs

ol

cha|aclcI

cducnliori\

llrirl

lllc)'cnrl)hirsizc {lrc pIinciPlc

o1

cxcltlp]|[]

tttodel: urrtl

lhc inll)orlirlec ol

il\iit0ltcss

through

a

dial,rgic prrccss

in

tlrc

inculcution

ol'

chllrilctcrs 1o

u\oi(l

in(l()rlriIirti()rr

'l hc lcilchcr. who

is a strbstilrrlc

lir

l)ircuis

anrl is sirrrrltuncorrsly un

cldcr llgurc

.rt

school. has

a

lcsponsibility

ot'

p|oricling

cxunrplcs

li|st l.rlirrc

rclching

rll

goo(l

things 1o lll0 slLrclcnts. Suclr rL corLlition is

plritllcl

to

thc lhcory on tlrc chilluclcr

cdLrcillion

implcnrcntltirrn rtrr()r(1in!

1() I'cills()r]. (10(X);2-1()).

who

st0lcs

Lhlll

tllc

i(

0ill

clrirtxclcr

c(lrrcllli()rr

ploglarr

is

iln

iiltcl]rpt colluboratirell'

trutlc

by

adDlinist[itors.

lcachcrs. courrsclots,

and

prrcnts

.A(ln)itristlrlrlls. le,relreLs. lrtrtl,.r'rLtt:r'lots

\l.rrr

L\{r

drrtics. Onc is cncorrraging llrc plrrclrls' irrvolvcrrrcnl an(l the

olhcr

is

Ir'ovirlinI

n(xlils

li)r

lhc

rI[{lr]ls

Moclcling plays

lt

spcciul

tolc

irs

11rc

cotc

ol

ir

proSrallr. l"irs1,

il

g(x)d

clri[lcLct

llils k)

bc

ittcttlcltlcd

ir

lltc

IetsDcr'lite

ol

"r['

rts

Itlo".

trrl

"do

as

l

say".

Such

a theory

is in linc

rvitlr

r.vhat both

K.H.

Ahnracl

I)uhlar

irn(l

Ki

li

r(liar Dcwirnllrir di(l

ir

thc

chl[irclcr c(lucirliol

ill]l)lcnrcllirlloD.

Bcsidcs cxcnrpluly uro(lcls. both

K.ll.

Ahlrircl

Dahlan ancl

Ki

llarljur

I)c\\.irnlrrir

vicrvccl

lhal

!llxlr(lcr

c(lllcrli\rt

llt,l lu

ttrtr'lt tlrc

lrrels

rrl

awareness

and inrplcmcntltion.

'l

hc

alt0nlpls

to

allrin

awdrcncss

alc

nril(lc

thlouth

a

clilogic proccss.

K.ll. Alrrrld

l)ulrlurr

hckl

a

pIillciplc

Ihirt

cnlbracing a

lcligion

mcans doing good actions; the vcLscs ll ort'r

Al Qur'ln

ilrc

lot

only

lcarucd in tcrms

ol

lhcir

llcilnin!.s

hul lrlso

lrpplictl

irt tclnts

ol

lltcir

instruclions.

llclbrc

his studcnls irpplicd

thc

vcrscs

thal

(hcy hird

lcurnctl.

hc diil

not

tcir.h

thc

intctprctatiort

ol

otlrcr \crscs. Sirrrilurly.

Ki

Illcljll

Dcwantara

cnrphlsizccl

tbill

it

\\'us

inll)orlilnt

lbl'

childrcn 1o

hrt.' rt

lrthit

rrl

hclrrrinu

rvcll

in

accoldancc

with our

cultlllc.

lo

inculc|lc

lhc

0warcncss

ol

thc lovc

ol

cultLrrc.

rnd to

sirongly

holcl artd

lriglrll'

rcsl).el

tl)!.

rlrliorr's cultrrlc.

I;,r'cly tcachcr is obligcd

lo

lcach

ch

rirclcls to thc slLrdcIls

sponlancously bccaLrsc acco|cling 10

hinr

charirctcr

cducllion

is

not

ncccsslrlily

irrplcnrcllccl

irs

a

scparrte subjccl. bLrt

it

is intcglutccl into iLIl sLrbjccts

through

lhc

.\

ui

Ltl,

lutikdt, tre

ti/itl

',r'td

ltukiktr

slagcs.

5.

Conclusions

Willt sirrilirr

blcl.!rL'rrrttls.

l,.ll.

Alrntird

Dahlan

arcl

Ki

llucljaI I)c\!rrrtilra

inrplcllcrllc(l

cdLlcalior

lhlt

nLrl orrlv crlplrasizcLl tlrc intellcctLrlrl

ilspccl bu(

llso

el$cloIcrl tlrc slu(lcIls'

inlcgril),

ancl

pclsonality. Conrbining the

concept

of

good

nr,,rill

condllct

cdui

tion

th

l

K.H. Ahmad

Dahlan

rlcvclopccl and charNotcr c(lucalion

thllt

Ki

Hadjar

Dcwantara

in'rplcmcnted

is

an

alternative

to

li)rr'rulating ar1 idcal conccpt

of

chamcter education

llr

IDcloncsian pcoplc. Both gonccpts

aim

to

_lnake

Inclolesian pcople posscss indeperdent

spirit,

good

nrorirl colldLrc{,

n(l

Bood

chaftrctcrs. Characlcr

educalion

is

iurplenrented

thlough

an

educational ploccss r,vhich is basccl on thc

firmily,

dialogic, and

holistic.

"lhc

cor)ccllls

ol'

cxcrl'rplary

nto(lcls

and

dialogic

proccsscs

to

llnd

out

tlle

roots

of

the

problcnrs ancl

thcir solutions.ilre

applied

,as

an

lttclrl)l

lo

rtlrin

awatcnJss.

Charactcr

cducation

iu

good moral

corduct c(hrcation

accolding

to

K.H.

Ahmad Dahlan

and

rnoral

cdLrcation

in Ki

llad1aL

Dewantara's

pcrspcctive

has

a

sirrilar

conceptual

loundation,

lloth crn bc

lnalognrrs

10

il

twin

lroverncnt,

stlrLggling

to

dcvclop

inclcpcndcnt

spirit

lbr

inrligcnous

pcoplc

nlthough

they have

difforeut

lburldatiorls,

namcly leligion and culture.

Their

con(cr'rs ()vcr tlrc

corrrliliorts

o{ thc

pcttplc

uttdcr

occupalion

madc

thcnl think

of

cducational

c(rrcql)ls

wilh

lhc

slnrc

principle

in

esscnce. Both

crrplrasizcd cclucllion to build studcnts' clraracters,

Sirnplicity, disciplinc,

indcpcndent

spirit,

and good

rrorrl

cor(luct

trccrrrrc

tlrr

r)lin

gouls

ol

b0lh

ctlLrc.itionul

corcL'pts.

Thc

learning

process

acco|ding 10 thcsc

two

figures has

a

silnilarily

in

tlrirl both

crnphrsizc

thc plinciplc

of

cxcnpiary

nrodcls and 4u itwarcucss process through dialogs.

l-hc

tcachcrs play an

inrpo(ant

role

in

building the

slu(lcrts'cllllrelcrs irt

scltool; thcy

ltc

obligcd t0

providc good cxarlplcs

for

the

students

in all

I

aspccts

ol'knowlcdgc

taught to thern, in adtlition to

givirg inspilatiol

to thcnl (hrough

dialogic

learning processes.

Both

K.

H.

Ahrrad

Dahlan

and

Ki

Hadjar

I)cwarlirl

strugglcd

lor

indepcndence

by

dclinding thc rcligiorl and the nation's

cLLIture.

Thcse

two

are

highly

respccled by

our

nation. The

Iocal

cultural

v

lucs

constituting

thc

national

culture bccorne important

pad

in

the development

of

cl)irl0tcr c(iucllior

to

fircc

global

ch

llenges

whioh

arc gotting

nrora

and

mon

powerful

at

p|cscnt.

Thc licld

ol'educatiou has to compete with

rrrirlerrlrlistit

vulucs

ilrrrj

:'cicntific

valucs

arc

rulrrrJtcd fi,.rrr:

lhc

rcligion

and

culture.

Matclialistic

valucs can clcstroy the religion and the

nrtion's

cLlltLlrc

so thal j1

is

necessary

to

build

chllactcrs

basccl

on lcligious

and cultural

values

bcsides humanity valucs.

llrirfr,irriNcras

fll

AbdLrllrh

Syukli

Zarkrsyi. (2010). "lMcrnbangun

keplitrlcliau

darr

kar0ktcr bangsa

tnclalui

llcrdidikirn'. Mul;ulalt. Disanpaikau dalalr scminar

t95

Abdul Munlr Mulkhan

\lgi}J

P

Ilkl ]-'n Klot I

l

ll

)ir"i

-

oi,'t,t,,

ct'l

Mtthttnttttt ti)

dh

J'tlut

'

)irrpiftilp"",t'"t,tu

v'rit'/

lirlarla: [Jrrr]ri Aksirrir

'

12010). Pcvrrr

thut kit'th

Kiti

Ahtttt'l

iiiii'-)nt,,',,

hiltn'th

ltutlttnndJi'ltlt

Yogyakarta: Suara Multarnmacliyah

Abdurrschtnar Surjorrrihar'''ljo

(l'J$6t

fi

//'r'/l'rl

Duwanlora

dan

Tant'n'i"'o rl'tl'tnt

sr'l'ttrttt

traoinerio

Un"lnr,

Jakartu:Pcncrbit Sirrirr IInranrrr

Adi Nuglalrn r2009)

K//

Attntl

D Ln

hk'lr'ttt

singkct I869- I923 Yogynkorl't: Urrasr

Ahmad Adaby Darbarl

(2010)

Seiaruh Kuuntan'

',),"ri,)l

ia"i,,*,

Ktttnptrng

Kurnun

Yogvrkrrlai

Surya Suana Crafika

Ahnlird

Dlhlillr'

{

l08r)

"Trrll

Pcngrkil

lri(ltrr)

,".tt,,tit".

l,,f""t

blrkr'

/'(

/*'

''l'ilh"'I'r

/'r1lrrtr/''r

';;;,;;,;;,;,,tw

dari

nota

k' hn\n

ltti't)\

tt"'It

'",)iii",,t,,

tJ

ot

Yogv;rknlt't:

Pr

D(rr l)rnrcn\i Alfian.

t2010)

Pulirik

kn'n

notlLnt'

yttlttw'tn't'

'

i,',iii,,i,),",i,r,,t,

a'rhttJ'tl'

k' )"tti' t

isnt"

B"t

t' t' !

Jak^r(o: Al Wasnth

[9]

Acus nurn.rnro

{lc)xxl /'/Vt'lrk/r/']'i.l"rrr'1'rl

Kr

''

Hi

k,r DLrintttLt

t(1tt'tttt

iir\t

/,'''(/'ti'r

'\''/\rI'//

2.i,,J,,

r-",,' .'r'''-""'i

rrr"'irni"

Yogv'

k"r't''

I

S1

tt0l

Aorb

Su

ri

ro.

(

lq\51.

nrlrlli ttl''nt

lli'1 1\l

Bil,tn,l,r' Jnhana: LP3llS

0llBobbic

Dc

Poncr

&

N4il( llcrrrir(lr'

r2l)r'l)

Qua tuttl IL\tt ttitlS Jalrtl't

ll2l

Bcrk. Lrrtrla

E

{200?l

D'

r't"/'l,t'ttt

Il1fl'tNlt tlt'

liltrp,n

Bostorll Allyn 'rnd Ilirror)

|31 Bcrlcls,

K

(2007)

tlllio

Jnkartar Cr^lledia'

ll4l

Bosdan

&

Sr$crt lccrt.

r.l,1"''

llai5;/'i';[1'l:;,1]

lo qlloliktlive rctc'tt'Lh t LIht'ds l

Wrlcy & Sons

Il5l

Bocdarl

&

Robert

C

{1982r'

p//'Il/r'//rv'

'i

i"rl

''"7;,*;),,;,,;,;;,

An

i'*''h'''i"t' t'

th*'1\' 'tt,t

it'rrl,,,Jt

-g"o*

Lcrr(l'rn Sy(lnL)

'l0rorrl(': /\rl\r'

d

-Jcarr-C larrtlc PNsscron (1996)

cltrcolion

to.iel.\'

und

L trltrrrt'

l22l

l)cr.(lrkr!r\'

|lnn!t

t'. 't"Itrt't

r"'tttt 1tt

'ltl'/'an hnlt

' '

1t"ir",

lrkirr1ir' Dillcn Dikddsrrrcn

l2-ll

l,)t.r|rrrrrrr

ll

r,llfrl'rrrrrir'

'1"'\t ll'I

ttt

l\ tl tllttnttl

'"

'

',ilti.,,",' ,t,"

i

j

,",'tltt

t

ti' /tt

tt:th

ti

"tw1at K

tt

A

/J(//,/(rr \'()gyrtkll rl: Pcllcltit Pcrsilt

rll

f24l DjurrthLrr,

l (lL)T\'

Saiuftth I'cnLlirlilian Lti\tldr]f,g:

CV llrtrLt

,251 FirelrrrrrlrlIr. A

Il.,lti^Jr' \ti"rtin \l'

t"tt"'ttnhwlt

YogyirkxLtc: N4Lrjlis T'rtrligh

J2f

-

l I

trJlirrr:rrrl^

I

l"\-)

fn'l'l

^l,'

tll"-'ti:

tUltut.ktf

,,.,,',,,

,,,,,,,,,t

l

" t

t- n'tal"t't"tt

J'l't'tt ltnJulikan

Yogylkrl ta:_Malclis Ltlhur PcrsalLrnn Tanllnslswa

t'l

-

l ritl

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lakarta:

llutlti Aksrrs

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sciur'th

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Pl Tirrr

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Nocr'

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'

_{iuJon"rin /gnl)./942} Jakrrtar LPIFS

InAla

142l

Irrani

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tlan

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n: Yllyilslln l)clrcrbit

Fll'

lKlP

Yo!.yirkirllir

l,l3l lsnrLr

1'r'i

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(1009)

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konscp

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Ki

I

liltliilr

I)c\{'llntnr.r yilll!l bcr\\'awilsiln

irasioual

rn00Lritl

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nasiortal:scbuah

pcn(ickatalr hisloris

klllturill Dir!//./ti

Y0gyllkil il:

l'l's t. NY

[,1'1] Jrrnrrs Salrrnr.

(1968)

(.///1.

Dultlutt unul

tlun

p(trljoL'LtngLtttttjtt I)jNkrll.l1r:

DcPot

l)cngirdjilran

Muh.rnrrnadiiah

l.l5l

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lrlc

Iulrlirn

(19()5)

NLttirttt'tlistttt

thtn rcwltr.ti

tli

lntlont:.titt

(Tcli.

Nin

llakdi Socrnllnlo). SLrllrlarlir: ScbcLls N4llrat tJni!crsity

[.16] Krrclarr (2005). ,4/.'/r){L lr]1clltkttt

ktulitilil

hildttg

/i/\irli//.

\

og)irkrrrlir: I)itr l(lrgrnir

f47]Ki

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(19(\1)

KttnnS'kctldtEan

'

'

pr,,,,,,,.,i ,l,,lin,, h,tntn

it

ttttt:a

Yogyakrrrtl: N4rriclis l.rrlrur' -llrnr'sis.

I59l Killpatrick, W., (1992)

llhy

Johny con't tell tight

.y'oar

w?,g.

Ncw Yorki Silron & Schuster, lnc

[60] Kilschenbaum, Howard.

(2000).

"From

valucs clarificatiotl

to

character educatiol:

a

pcrsonal

iountcy. Jr,urnal

ol

hunqnisic

counscling,

"c,)tuttiiun,

an,l levelop,r?/t vol.39.

no

l, p

4

[(rll K cllcr,

Ccor8e

F

(1964). lnuoduction

lo

the

phihts,4th.v

o[

cdr,ctttion

Ncw York:

Chichc'tcr,

Brisbanc, Tolonto

[62] Krippcrldorff,

Klaus (1980)

Content anal)'sis

I

b:;(lucliotl its lheory ahd nelo(lology' Univ'tsily

ol

Pcu)sylvoll,iil'.

_)"

te:l

fuuto*lOjojo.

(1985).

"Muslim

kelas ntenengah

Inchucsia clalanr

rrencari idcrtitas,

1910-1950"'

P;'isra,t/.

hlur. 35-51

[(r4l KLrppcrrrinc, C.P., Lcadbcatcr, B.J, and Blatt, S J '

(2d01).

"school

social clirnatc

and

individu0l

diffcrcnccs

in

vulnerability

to

psychopathology

anrong

nriddlc school

studcnts".

Jonttttl

of

p.r|'choktgy,

vol

39, r1o 2, pp. l4l-159

.05l

K\ri

SYrric.

(2010).

A/,t,/

be

Ituiu!

ki'uh

'

1n:rr,r,iui,

_K

H

Ahntall l)ahlatt

dan

'

It'ltthuntnutliyth nttta aNal 'fangcrang:

Al

Wasath [66]

Lcxy

J.

Molcong

(2002). Mebdologi penelitian

kualitoli/. Bardlng: PT Rcmaja Rosdakarya

[(r?]

Lolland

&

Lollard

(1984).

Anulyzittr: social sellings:

A

guide

b

(Palil.tlive observ!lion and

r,,u,/r'rrir.

Bclmont

Cal

:

Wadsworth Publishing Corrrpitlty

[611] t-ickor10. Thonlas. (1991). Eclu.(ttitlg

lor

Cltul4ctar

llott

rtur :,r'lt,xlt

ttnt lKtlt

tc,V^\I

nntl

t c.tponsibilitv. Ncw York: Balttarr Books

l(,91

--.

(2000)

"11)orlrrs l.ickorrLr', trrlks rrboul

'

-

"lt^'"d

_{vol. 14, no} cducatior" ?, _PP 48-49ProQLtesl educ(tlion ioto'tuls

l7r)l

MiIo.rrt.,.

D$i

H.rstrrti

(20u:r'

"l)(r]LliJiL'rn

'

'

kuruktcr,

prradrgrna

baru

dclalr

pclllbcntukun

martusia

bcrkualitas"

Makalah PPS

53

ITB

[1n]

llel

l50l

l,.tgittt

l).tttttt( l'tulitliku

I uhua l)crsiltuilll -l_illllirnsis\vil

( I ()7?ir).

Arr'l,/

Kl

(l"i7b)

A'.,, 11,

^/

Ilatljar

DLtLuttturt,

Yogyukr

ii

Mliclis

I

Itljur

DL'urrtttrtrt,

Yogyrrkirltl Mrr jclis

hrtgi,ut liLLhu K(l,ltthtIt11ttt

l-ulrut ItcrslrlLrirr) l llr)lirllsiswil

. (200s)

"Kcbunllki1ii1r

pcndidikan rur:r,,llJl. rrr.rrr!,r]i hrrlir brrlrr |r(rrrikirirrr pcrrtlitlikrrn

Ki

I lridjllr De\ilnlitril ullluk

lllcrll!klllli

Kcballgkilan

nirsionitl."

Kttntpttlutt

lltliln

Yogylkar-tal

I'erpLr\lirLirirrr I'rrro I'rrLrrrrllrrrrlrrt

.

( 195 1r).

I ) _{iili( I}

\lr

pcD(li(lik

r;

l)iklrt

K.lLt).

1. 5().1)

l

lstl

ls 2l

[s.]l

.._

.

(l()ilc).

/'r/.vt?. l)j ili(l

Xlll

( 195 r b).

l)jili(l

X

lll

Sif irt clun ntaksud

No.4. (,5-6il

Silrt

(lLln nlirlstt(l

N o.5

pcnclirlikan L

pcrrLliLlikan ll.

btrdipokclti" ''l'clgirtl.iitlun

l,

l7t-174 lJoIduog. Diundult

dari

/'rl.\drd. DJilid XVNo.I

l55l

( l()55

).

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roch

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30 rrhun

lf

2-1952. Y rgyirkanar

Majclis

Luhtrr

Tl,ntansjsrr lr

(l()(ll).

l\,/J-,/.n/r

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ivlLrrl.iclis

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'l _{rrnilrr\is\\'ir}

[57]

Ki

(iLrnaNrrrr.

(l9ii())

AktLr0lisLrsi kortscpsi

pcrxlrtlrkirrr

Ki

Iltr(ljtlr llc\!irlllilril

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ili ltrn

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r L

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l

_{'r'r.rrr'i'rtrr}

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Ki

lnrarr Su(li.jLrt.

(19|i9)

l)arrrtrrtg

ylng

bc|rvatak

sirlriil pinilndhilil (lall l)alrdhita

sinillriil"

l)alattl btrku

Ki

ll,t,liu

l)t\tttttt(ttll tklttttt pttnhttg'ut

lttttrt

&tnttik

dun

tttttik)t.to

Yogyakarta; Muiclis Lrrhtll'

Tittllrnsissll

htlp://tumoutou neV70205 I 23ldwi-hastuti,ht0r'

tanggal 24 ,

\pril20l0

lTll

Mlrzuki. (2011). "Ptirlsip dosur pcndidikan karaktcr

ncrsr)cktif lslarn". Dallrn buku Padidik,ln kotokler'

'd,tl.tt,t pLr.,p"kril

rclti

Jan

pr.Arik

Yogyrkarta:

UNY Prcss

[?2] N.4iles, M.B. and Hr.rbetntan,

AM

1984. Quctlitarive

lakt

an.tlyti)';

A

sutrcehook

ql

new

Metfuxls llcvcrly

llills

CA: Sagc l\rblicLrtiorts.

[73] Mitsuo Nrkarrrtrra (19u3). Thc crc:cenl _'lrires orer

t lN l)tt

D\

t r'cc, Yogylktllltll llcluutilk0n llrlivcrliitllt

Cacl.jah Mado

{741

Mohanrnra<j

l)jazmAn

(!990).

"Pondok

MLrharrrtuliylh scb[tsiti sisterlr Pgndidikln unluk

nrcrtyiapkan kadcr-kader Multartrrrladiyah". Dalom bnku Muhannadiyah, seiarah dan amal nsahanya'

(751 Molrarnrnart Tnuchid.

fl96t).

Kr

lhnh,tr

Dtt*,nruut

l'hl

tft

t thtt

_{lr..lttlJt,t.}

l,,t\litltlidu

_{ti,t.\i,tuul.}

Yogyakana. Majclis Luhur. pcrsatunr) I nnlar)\iswa

197

[r7] sl)jrr,r

{:r)rr)r'.p.,,1rl,r.rrl,t},r.ui

tl,l.tli-.

_{lllttl,,tlult,}

Drs.lrl:likJn _llilrl,r

\!orl,lloll

stt.llc!i pcrrgcn)bnDEan

,hulU,\ckoLrh

bxtr

kctllrtr

iekohh

drrr pcngaias

sckolah ranSgll 7 Aguslus 2010 cli pps UNy

[76] Pcarson.

. Qu

inn M..

Nicholson.

JiIjcc

t.

{2000,

"Conrprchcnsivc

cjtir:l!tcr

cdUc,rtto

tn

lhc

eJclncntary _{school: strtrcgics}

lnr

_{adrninistrator..,}

(CnChL'rc. _{nIC counsClotS..}

.Latt

ttl

t,t

Hu k]tti.\t;,

Coun]tektn, li.hrcution ond Dt,\,ch/)t

(nt.

vti.

lB.

11o. 4. pp.243-251 .

[77] Pocst)oprodio,

W,r

rr,. (1,)d7l

tntt,lr,.r,t,t

llundLrrrg: _CV.

l{crnrjl

Krlyl

P8J Ridj0luddin, 1200tJ.

ptn

rrut

_{tit.\tthtt t\rttitttA,ur}

lthrtt,t.,K. I 1.

./

huatl

D

hl,ul. t,tnt.t,th,tn

ln,hl.nt,t

pendidikan bongsa. Jakclra: _{Lpp Uhrrnka J:rkanu}

[79] Sodiq,

,

A

Kuntoro. {2006).

..Vcrrup:rk lL1uk

p,cndtdrkan

nusiontl

_{lrrdoncsiu... dirl}

rrr

trilLr

Leol'Utttt

.turg ttntli:rtt

h,,ttnt;u-hrttttt,t

_ttttrttl:

.taIing Dtcn{L,nuL yots}JLillir:

U\y

prcsr

[82J Sprrdlcy. J.P..

ttgls).

Tt)1.

E

]n,,xtttt,ttiL tu41.1.1,1,

.

Ncw Yorki Rrncltnrt nn,l Winst(nt, lnc

[83] Srrcfiarja

A.

S-t. Dkk_

t2OO6t.

K,rw

t,,nxk,t,

ut D\h

ti(

a, !.\di-L,tut

lil\thtt

_1,,uttkir

t,nU

_tt,:lih,t

p.'tlutt ddhttn pc4tHngun hLtnt.vtnra. _Jakrrt

:

_11L

UrarDcdia Pust:lka lndoncsiir

[81] Suporro Rnhardjo.

(20t0).

Ki

ttttttittr

_{t)ty.t,tnkutt,}

hh)gt.t/i sintkot lBxg_/rJ0. yotsyJknflili _Carnsi

[85] Scto Mulyadi

. (2008). Tinittttrtn hL\.]\u!tti t!.\tx,k.

Lhottctc: huikling,

h,ryoin<nut

ttnlilili,tn,A

brt

k

rdkhtr'). Yogyakartn: _{Tirr.ir W:re nr}

[86] Sugiyono.

l20ltt.

_{Mcntttc p.,nL.titi.tn pt,nJ^litnul}

pcndcktkth

kuouinril

litaliruri/,

,itn

R&D.

EaDdung: Alfabcta

[89] Tilaar, ]l.A.R. (2000). pttttulignnt _{hrrtt prntlirlikon} a,rrrrrr,r/..lrrkrrrtu: 1,.

l.

l{llcluCil)lit

I90l

--

.

ll

A.tt.

(2006). .tktfttlt\liso.ti Nntidikan

tRxitrrtl

,\utrtu rititrttttn

liritt.t.hrkl

ti

1,1.. l{itcka

Cipta

l13

iil

TyJor.

Eclwarcl. ll.

Retearchey

into

tht:

p h i loxtl:lt

r,

rL,l i.qiot t

Cotlorr l,lcss.

(1914).

l>t

iinitivc

culture..

tlewlopucnt

oJ

nlhoktg.v,

ttt,

ttll

Ltrtotn. Ncw yorkl

IlirnduIg:

Kcllcntcrion

[9r] _

Q002).

I\tntittitiun

t)kt\.t.dr(*al nttuhttti

ltnhtntsitt.

Ilcntirjil llos(hkuryir PT,

['l2J

Ti.n

Pcr rlrrl.l.r

r

Kli.r^rer. lirrrrrl

1xtulilikn liiitlitt,t. .lIlill:

l)cndidikln Nasionitl

[93] Wcllck. _{Rcnc and ALrsrin} \,yar,.en. _{(1962). Theon,}

rl.

l.i.tcrutuft,.

A

lnn

tst

hook

/rr1./r/./.

Ncw york; Ilracc and

Wo

d. lnc.

[94]

WlritIcy.

If.l.

(1960).

' tt

tltnttnrt o/

_rt:;aunh.

Ositkit: O\'orsers llook (.o

[01]l.rrrtrolr r:nr'h,.

.1)rrh,^r..\r

J.n

_{lrurLl,l (irn} Ll.rllll

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blU)Bsir'-. _{l)irlJtn lrrrkrr /i.rr./,,rl.r,r unrnk}

utaryn.ukur

lnlonctio hut,u. Jakan : Cllssirdo

[q7]

-

{2nttr.

Kcbrlrl.rn

pcndidikan

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