ISBN: 978-1-4799-5302-8
2014 6th International Conference on Information Technology and Electrical Engineering
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On behalf of the organizing committee, it is our pleasure to welcome you to Yogyakarta, Indonesia, for our annual conference. This is the 6th conference that is held by the Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada. This year, the conference is differently called as Joint conference 2014 as there will be 4 parallel conferences, including:
1. ICITEE (International Conference of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering) 2014, 2. CITEE (Conference of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering) 2014,
3. RC-CIE (Regional Conference on Computer and Information Engineering) 2014, and 4. CCIO (Conference on Chief Information Officer) 2014.
The joint conference’s theme is “Leveraging Research and Technology through University-Industry-Government Collaboration” emphasizes on the enhancement of research in a wide spectrum, including information technology, communication and electrical engineering, as well as e-services, e-government and information system. The conference is expected to provide excellent opportunity to meet experts, exchange information, and strengthen the collaboration among researchers, engineers, and scholars from academia, government, and industry.
In addition, the conference committee has invited five renowned keynote speakers, Prof. Marco Aiello from University of Groningen (RuG), Netherland, Prof. Einoshin Suzuki from Kyushu University, Prof. Yoshio Yamamoto from Tokai University, Prof. Jun Miura from Toyohashi University of Technology, and Prof. Kazuhiko Hamamoto from Tokai University, Japan. The conference committee also invited Tony Seno Hartono from National Technology Officer of Microsoft Indonesia and Dr. Ing. Hutomo Suryo Wasisto (Associate Team Leader in MEMS/NEMS and Sensor Group) Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany as Invited speaker to present their current research activities.
This conference is technically co-sponsored by IEEE Indonesia Section. Furthermore, it is supported by JICA, AUN/SEED-Net, Ministry of Communication and Information Technology of The Republic of Indonesia, and King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand.
As a General Chair, I would like to take this opportunity to express my deep appreciation to the organizing committee members for their hard work and contribution throughout this conference. I would also like to thank authors, reviewers, all speakers, and session chairs for their support to Joint Conference 2014.
In addition to the outstanding scientific program, we hope that you will find time to explore Yogyakarta and the surrounding areas. Yogyakarta is city with numerous cultural heritages, natural beauty, and the taste of traditional Javanese cuisines, coupled with the friendliness of its people.
Lastly, I would like to welcome you to Joint Conference 2014 and wish you all an enjoyable stay in Yogyakarta.
Sincerely,
Hanung Adi Nugroho, Ph.D.
General Chair of Joint Conference 2014
Welcome Message from the General Chair
-i-On behalf of the technical program committee (TPC), we warmly welcome you to the 6th International Conference on Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (ICITEE 2014) in the cultural city of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The committee has organized exciting technical programs for ICITEE 2014 with conference theme of “Leveraging Research and Technology through University-Industry Collaboration.” As an annual International conference, ICITEE provides excellent platform to share innovative idea and experiences, exchange information, and explore collaboration among researchers, engineers, practitioners and scholars the field of information technology, communications, and electrical engineering.
All 163 submitted papers from 18 countries throughout the world went through a rigorous review process and each paper was evaluated by at least three independent reviewers in accordance with standard blind review process. Based on the results of the rigorous review process, 78 papers have been selected, which constitute the acceptance rate of 47.9%. These papers have been grouped into 5, ranging from the fields of information technology, communications, power systems, electronics, and control systems. Besides those regular sessions, ICITEE 2014 also features world-class keynote/plenary speeches and distinghuish-invited speakers that reflect the current research and development trends in the aforementioned fields.
We are deeply indebted to all of our TPC members as well as our reviewers, who volunteered a considerable amount of their time and expertise to ensure a fair, rigorous, and timely review process. Many thanks should be given to our keynote and invited speakers who will share their experience in this conference. Last but not least, our sincere gratitude should be given to all authors for submitting their work to ICITEE 2014, which has allowed us to assemble a high quality technical program.
Welcome to Yogyakarta and hope you will enjoy a wonderful experience in this traditional city of Indonesia.
With best regards,
TPC Chair
Welcome Message from the TPC Chair
-ii-Committees
Advisory Board Committee
Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Dadang Gunawan (Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia) Yanuarsyah Haroen (Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Indonesia)
Kuncoro Wastuwibowo (IEEE Indonesia Section) T. Haryono (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Chanboon Sathitwiriyawong (KMITL, Thailand) Hidekazu Murata (Kyoto University, Japan) Ruttikorn Varakulsiripunth (Thai-Nichi Institute of
Technology, Thailand)
Lukito Edi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Son Kuswadi (PENS, Indonesia)
Organizing Committee
Sarjiya (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Eka Firmansyah (Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Indonesia)
Hanung Adi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
I Wayan Mustika (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Adha Imam Cahyadi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Sigit Basuki Wibowo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Kuntpong Woraratpanya (KMITL, Thailand) Prapto Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Indonesia)
Teguh Bharata Adji (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Sumet Prabhavat (KMITL, Thailand) Natapon Pantuwong (KMITL, Thailand)
Noor Akhmad Setiawan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Indriana Hidayah (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Kitsuchart Pasupa (KMITL, Thailand)
Avrin Nur Widiastuti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Teerapong Leelanupab (KMITL, Thailand) Iswandi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Budi Setiyanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Bimo Sunarfri Hantono (Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Indonesia)
Yusuf Susilo Wijoyo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Agus Bejo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Husni Rois Ali (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Azkario Rizky Pratama (Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Indonesia)
Lilik Suyanti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Nawang Siwi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Technical Program Committee
Addy Wahyudie (United Arab Emirates University, UEA)
Adha Imam Cahyadi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Alagan Anpalagan (Ryerson University, Canada) Amirthalingam Ramanan (University of Jaffna, Sri
Lanka)
Andy Warner (Google)
Anto Satriyo Nugroho (BPPT, Indonesia) Anton Satria Prabuwono (Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, Malaysia)
Ardyono Priyadi (Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)
Armein Z. R. Langi (Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia)
Awinash Anand (Kyushu University, Japan) Azwirman Gusrialdi (University of Central Florida,
USA)
Boonprasert Suravkratanasakul (KMITL, Thailand) Chalermsub Sangkavichitr (KMUTT, Thailand) Chanboon Sathitwiriyawong (KMITL, Thailand) Chotipat Pornavalai (KMITL, Thailand)
Cuk Supriyadi Ali Nandar (BPPT, Indonesia) Dhany Arifianto (Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)
Dhomas Hatta Fudholi (La Trobe University, Australia) Eiji Okamoto (Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan) Ekachai Leelarasmee (Chulalongkorn University,
Thailand)
Esa Prakasa (LIPI, Indonesia)
F Danang Wijaya (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Fahkriy Hario P (Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia) Fikri Waskito (Nanyang Technological University,
Singapore)
Gamantyo Hendrantoro (Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)
Gunawan Wibisono (Indonesia University, Indonesia)
Gusti Agung Ayu Putri (Udayana University, Indonesia)
Harris Simaremare (Universite de Haute Alsace, France)
Haiguang Wang (Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore)
Haruichi Kanaya (Kyushu University, Japan) Heroe Wijanto (Institut Teknologi Telkom, Indonesia) Hutomo Suryo Wasisto (Technische Universität
Braunschweig, Germany)
I Ketut Gede Dharma Putra (Udayana University, Indonesia)
I Made Yulistya Negara (Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)
I Nyoman Satya Kumara (Udayana University, Indonesia)
I Putu Agung Bayupati (Udayana University, Indonesia)
Ida Ayu Dwi Giriantari (Udayana University, Indonesia)
Igi Ardiyanto (Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan)
Issarachai Ngamroo (KMITL, Thailand)
Ivanna Timotius (Satya Wacana Christian University, Indonesia)
-iii-Iwan Setiawan (Satya Wacana Christian University, Indonesia)
Jaziar Radianti (University of Agder, Norway) Joko Siswantoro (Universitas Surabaya, Indonesia) Kang-Hyun Jo (Ulsan University, Korea)
Kazunori Hayashi (Kyoto University, Japan) Kazuto Yano (ATR, Japan)
Khoirul Anwar (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Japan)
Kitsuchart Pasupa (KMITL, Thailand) Koji Yamamoto (Kyoto University, Japan) Kuntpong Woraratpanya (KMITL, Thailand) Lesnanto Multa Putranto (Hokkaido University,
Japan)
Maleerat Sodanil (KMUNB, Thailand) Mamiko Inamori (Tokai University, Japan) Manop Phankokkruad (KMITL, Thailand)
Marco Aiello (University of Groningen, Netherland) Maulahikmah Galinium (Swiss German University,
Indonesia)
Mauridhi Hery Purnomo (Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)
Mustansar Ghazanfar (University of Southampton, UK)
Natapon Pantuwong (KMITL, Thailand) Nawat Kamnoonwatana (Mahidol University,
Thailand)
Nidapan Sureerattanan (Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology, Thailand)
Nihan Tran (University of Melbourne, Australia) Nol Premasathian (KMITL, Thailand) Rohana Sapawi (University Malaysia Sarawak,
Malaysia)
Rony Seto (Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)
Rukmi Sari Hartati (Udayana University, Indonesia) Ruttikorn Varakulsiripunth (Thai-Nichi Institute of
Technology, Thailand)
Sakchai Thipchaksurat (KMITL, Thailand) Saiyan Saiyod (Khon Kaen University, Thailand) Selo Sulistyo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Singha Chaveesuk (KMITL, Thailand)
Sisdarmanto Adinandra (Universitas Islam Indonesia, Indonesia)
Udayanto Dwi Atmojo (The University of Auckland, New Zealand)
Uke Kurniawan Usman (ITTelkom, Indonesia) Umar Khayam (Bandung Institute of Technology,
Indonesia, Indonesia)
Virach Sornlertlamvanich (NECTEC, Thailand) Wanchalem Pora (Chulalongkorn University) Wawta Techataweewan (Srinakharinwirot University,
Thailand)
Wayan Gede Ariastina (Udayana University, Indonesia) Wimol San-Um (Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology,
Thailand)
Widyawan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Yasushi Kato (Tsuruoka National College and
Technology, Japan)
Yi Ren (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan) Yoshikazu Washizawa (The University of
Electro-Communications, Japan)
Yoshimitsu Kuroki (Kurume National College of Technology, Japan)
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Technical Sessions
Ø
Session 1. Software Engineering, Services, and Information Technology
TS 1 – 01 A Hybrid Technique for Enhancement of Periductal Fibrosis Ultrasound Images for Cholangiocacinoma Surveillance ... 2
Pichet Wayalun (Khon Kaen University, Thailand); Saiyan Saiyod (Khon Kaen University, Thailand)
TS 1 – 02 A Real Time Mission-Critical Business Intelligence for Development of Mixture Composition on Aromatherapy Product Based on Customer Personality Type ... 7
Taufik Djatna (Bogor Agricultral UnIversity, Indonesia); Ida Bagus Dharma Yoga Santosa (Bogor Agriculture University, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 03 An Infrastructure-less Occupant Context-Recognition in Energy Efficient Building ... 13
Azkario Rizky (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Widy Widyawan (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Guntur Putra (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 04 An Integrated Model of Customer Repurchase Intention in B2C E-commerce ... 19 Saowakhon Homsud (King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Singha Chaveesuk (King Mongkut’s
Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand)
TS 1 – 05 An Intuitive User Interface for Motion Retrieval on a Mobile Multi-touch Device ... 25
Natta Tammachat (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Natapon Pantuwong (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand)
TS 1 – 06 Automated Document Classification for News Article in Bahasa Indonesia Based on Term Frequency INVERSE Document Frequency (TF-IDF) Approach ... 29
Ari Aulia Hakim (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Alva Erwin (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Kho Eng (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Maulahikmah Galinium (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Wahyu Muliady (Akon Teknologi, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 07 Automatic Leaf Color Level Determination for Need Based Fertilizer Using Fuzzy Logic on Mobile Application ... 33
Kestrilia Prilianti (Universitas Ma Chung, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 08 Automatic Multi-Document Summarization for Indonesian Documents Using Hybrid Abstractive-Extractive Summarization Technique ... 39
Glorian Yapinus (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Alva Erwin (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Maulahikmah Galinium (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Wahyu Muliady (Akon Teknologi, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 09 Autonomous Monitoring Framework with Fallen Person Pose Estimation and Vital Sign Detection ... 44
Igi Ardiyanto (Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan); Jun Miura (Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan)
TS 1 – 10 Benchmarking of Feature Selection Techniques for Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis ... 50
Noor Akhmad Setiawan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Dwi Wahyu Prabowo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Hanung Adi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 11 Boosting Performance of Face Detection by Using an Efficient Skin Segmentation Algorithm ... 55
Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi (Isfahan University of Technology, Iran); Sayed Masoud Sayedi (Isfahan University of Technoly, Iran)
TS 1 – 12 C2C E-Commerce Trust Level Measurement and Analysis ... 61
Sayid Ali Hadi (Swiss German University, Indonesia); James Purnama (University of Indonesia, Indonesia); Moh. A. Soetomo (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Maulahikmah Galinium (Swiss German University, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 13 Calories Analysis of Food Intake Using Image Recognition ... 67
Natta Tammachat (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Natapon Pantuwong (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand)
TS 1 – 14 Contrast Measurement for No-Reference Retinal Image Quality Assessment ... 71
Hanung Adi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Titin Yulianti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Noor Akhmad Setiawan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Dhimas Arief D (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
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Iwan Setyawan (Satya Wacana Christian University, Indonesia); Ivanna Timotius (Satya Wacana Christian University, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 16 Emoticon-based Steganography for Securing Sensitive Data ... 79
Tohari Ahmad (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Indonesia); Gregory Sukanto (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Indonesia); Hudan Studiawan (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Waskitho Wibisono (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Royyana Ijtihadie (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Indonesia)
TS 1 – 17 Evaluation of Edge Orientation Histograms in Smile Detection ... 85
Ivanna Timotius (Satya Wacana Christian University,Indonesia); Iwan Setyawan (Satya Wacana Christian University, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 18 ICUMSA Identification of Granulated Sugar Using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Colour Moments ... 90
Alfiah Rizky Diana Putri (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Litasari Litasari (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 19 Identification of Malignant Masses on Digital Mammogram Images ... 96
Hanung Adi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Faisal N (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Indah Soesanti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Lina Choridah (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 20 Measuring Domain Decomposition Effect in Estuary Model Parallelization Using High Performance Computer... 102
Santosa Sandy Putra (UNESCO IHE - Institute for Water Education, The Netherlands)
TS 1 – 21 Mobile Tourism Services Model: A Contextual Tourism Experience Using Mobile Services ... 108
Ridi Ferdiana (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Bimo Sunarfri Hantono (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 22 Real Time Key Element Extraction for Design of In-Flight Meal Services Based on Passenger's Personality Traits ... 114
Taufik Djatna (Bogor Agricultral UnIversity, Indonesia); Hety Handayani Hidayat (IPB, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 23 Real Time Static Hand Gesture Recognition System Prototype for Indonesian Sign Language ... 120
Rudy Hartanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Paulus Santosa (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 24 Release of Masking and FAME Performance Evaluation to Improve Speech Intelligibility on Cochlear Implant ... 126
Sena Sukmananda Suprapto (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Dhany Arifianto (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Sekartedjo Sekartedjo (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 25 Statistical Analysis of Popular Open Source Software Projects and Their Communities ... 132
Andi Wahju Rahardjo Emanuel (Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 26 Text-Background Decomposition for Thai Text Localization and Recognition in Natural Scenes ... 138
Ungsumalee Suttapakti (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Kuntpong Woraratpanya (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Kitsuchart Pasupa (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Pimlak Boonchukusol (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Taravichet Titijaroonroj (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Rattaphon Hokking (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand); Yoshimitsu Kuroki (Kurume National College of Technology, Japan); Yasushi Kato (Tsuruoka National College of Technology, Japan)
TS 1 – 27 The Study of Utilization of SIP in Mobile Monitoring Abnormal Events Wireless Sensor Network ... 144
Andreo Yudertha (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Widy Widyawan (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Sujoko Sumaryono (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia)
TS 1 - 28 TIS Dishub DIY: An Implementation of Traveler Information System in Special Region of Yogyakarta ... 150
Daniel Febrian Sengkey (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Sayuri Egaravanda (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Lukito Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
TS 1 – 29 Website Quality Assessment for Portal Hospital Indonesia Using Gap Analysis ... 156
Muhammad Adipridhana (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Maulahikmah Galinium (Swiss German University, Indonesia); Heru Ipung (Swiss German University, Indonesia)
Ø
Session 2. Wireless Communications, Networking and Vehicular Technology
TS 2 – 01 3D Artificial Material Characterization Using Rectangular Waveguide ... 164
Danang Wibowo (ITB, Indonesia); Achmad Munir (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia)
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Budi Setiyanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Rani Aji (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Afatika Adianti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Addin Suwastono (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
TS 2 – 03 Development of Embedded Gateway for Wireless Sensor Network and Internet Protocol Interoperability ... 174
Sigit Basuki Wibowo (Gadjah Mada University, Ireland); Guntur Putra (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Bimo Sunarfri Hantono (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
TS 2 – 04 Dynamic CFO Reduction in Various Mobilities Based on Extended Kalman Filter for Broadband Wireless Access Technology ... 178
Asri Diliyanzah (Telkom University, Indonesia); Rina Pudjiastuti (Telkom University, Indonesia); Budi Syihabuddin (Telkom University, Indonesia)
TS 2 – 05 Experimental Study on Improved Parametric Stereo for Bit Rate Scalable Audio Coding... 184
Ikhwana Elfitri (Andalas University, Indonesia); Rahmadi Kurnia (Andalas University, Indonesia); Defry Harneldi (Andalas University, Indonesia)
TS 2 – 06 FDTD Method for Scattering Parameters Extraction of Rectangular Waveguide Loaded with Anisotropic Dielectric Material ... 189
Achmad Munir (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia); Maulana Randa (Badan Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kementerian Pertahanan RI, Indonesia)
TS 2 – 07 FSS-based Planar Bandpass Filter Using Strip Slotted-Lines ... 194
Eric Simbolon (Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia); Achmad Munir (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia)
TS 2 – 08 High Gain RF Amplifier for Very Low Frequency Receiver Application ... 199
Rahmat Putera (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia); Achmad Munir (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia)
TS 2 – 09 Investigation on Objective Performance of Closed-loop Spatial Audio Coding ... 203
Ikhwana Elfitri (Andalas University, Indonesia); Rahmadi Kurnia (Andalas University, Indonesia); Fitrilina Fitrilina (Andalas University, Indonesia)
TS 2 – 10 Performance of Anti-Jamming Techniques with Bit Interleaving in OFDM-Based Tactical Communications .... 209
Pradini Puspitaningayu (Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia); Gamantyo Hendrantoro (Sepuluh Nopember Institut of Technology, Indonesia)
TS 2 – 11 Performance of Repeat-Accumulate Codes (RAC) for Decode-and-Forward Wireless Relay Channel ... 214
Daryus Chandra (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Sri Suning Kusumawardani (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
TS 2 – 12 Reorganizing Fingerprint Information Using Intersection Technique for RFID-based Indoor Localization System ... 220
I Wayan Mustika (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Sisongkham Phimmasean (NUOL, Laos)
TS 2 – 13 RSSI Based Analysis of Bluetooth Implementation for Intra-Car Sensor Monitoring ... 225
Eka Firmansyah (UGM, Indonesia); Lafiona Grezelda (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Iswandi Iswandi (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia)
Ø
Session 3. Power Systems
TS 3 – 01 A Probabilistic Approach to Analyze and Model the Simultaneity of Power Produced by Wind Turbines in a Wind Farm ... 232
Kaveh Malekian (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Anne Göhlich (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Liana Pop (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Wolfgang Schufft (University of Technology Chemnitz, Germany)
TS 3 – 02 An Improved Maximum Efficiency Control for Dual-Motor Drive Systems ... 239
Luiz Rizki Ramelan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Eka Firmansyah (UGM, Indonesia); Tian-Hua Liu (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan); Shao-Kai Tseng (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan); Jing-Wei Hsu (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan)
TS 3 – 03 CCT Computation Method Based on Critical Trajectory Using Simultaneous Equations for Transient Stability Analysis ... 245
Ardyono Priyadi (ITS, Indonesia); Ony Qudsi (Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia); Mauridhi Purnomo (Institut of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)
TS 3 – 04 Comparison of Economic Models for Two Differently Configured Uninterrupted Power Supply Systems From User Electricity Bill Perspective ... 251
-viii-
TS 3 – 05 Development of a Power Flow Software for Distribution System Analysis Based on Rectangular Voltage Using Python Software Package ... 255
Lukmanul Hakim (Universitas Lampung, Indonesia); Muhamad Wahidi (Universitas Lampung, Indonesia); Trisno Handoko (Universitas Lampung, Indonesia); Herri Gusmedi (Universitas Lampung, Indonesia); Noer Soedjarwanto (Universitas Lampung, Indonesia); Federico Milano (University College Dublin, Ireland)
TS 3 – 06 Efficiency Improvement of a Solar Power Plant Using Combine Cycle: An Experimental Study on a Miniaturized Solar Power Station ... 260
Bishwajit Banik Pathik (American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh); Nipu Datta (American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh); Muhammad Najebul Ahmed (American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh); Roksana Liya (American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh); Nazia Zaman (American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh)
TS 3 – 07 Flower Pollination Algorithm for Optimal Control in Multi-Machine System with GUPFC ... 265
Mohammad Musofa Mulya, Pambudy (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia)
TS 3 – 08 Frequency Dependent Model of Underground Cables for Harmonic Calculations in Frequency Domain ... 271
Kaveh Malekian (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Uwe Schmidt (Dresden University of Technology, Germany); Abdullah Hoshmeh (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Ali Shirvani (TU Chemnitz, Germany)
TS 3 – 09 Fuzzy Logic Principles for Wind Speed Estimation in Wind Energy Conversion Systems ... 278
Agus Naba (University of Brawijaya, Indonesia)
TS 3 – 10 Investigation and Modeling of Transient Voltage Stability Problems in Wind Farms with DFIG and Crowbar System ... 282
Kaveh Malekian (Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany); Uwe Schmidt (Dresden University of Technology, Germany); Ali Shirvani (TU Chemnitz, Germany); Wolfgang Schufft (University of Technology Chemnitz, Germany)
TS 3 – 11 Magnetic Flux Distribution Due to the Effect of Stator-Rotor Configuration in the Axial Machine ... 290
Danang Wijaya (UGM, Indonesia); Nobal Rahadyan (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Husni Ali (UGM, Indonesia)
TS 3 – 12 Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Photovoltaic System Under Partial Shaded Condition by Means
Updating β Firefly Technique ... 296
Yanuar Safarudin (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Ardyono Priyadi (ITS, Indonesia); Mauridhi Purnomo (Institut of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Margo Pujiantara (ITS, Indonesia)
TS 3 – 13 Multi-Resolution Complex Image Method of Horizontal Multilayer Earth ... 301
Qi Yang (Wuhan University, P.R. China)
TS 3 – 14 On the Potential and Progress of Renewable Electricity Generation in Bali ... 307
Satya Kumara (Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia); Wayan G. Ariastina (Udayana University, Indonesia); I Sukerayasa (Udayana University, Indonesia); Ida Giriantari (Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia)
TS 3 – 15 Optimal Configuration of PV-Wind turbine-Grid-Battery in Low Potency Energy Resources ... 313
D Fittrin (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); D Wijaya (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Sasongko Pramono Hadi (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia)
TS 3 – 16 Optimal Solution of Reliability Constrained Unit Commitment Using Hybrid Genetic Algorithm-Priority List Method ... 319
Sarjiya Sarjiya (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Arief Budi Mulyawan (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Andi Sudiarso (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia)
TS 3 – 17 Partial Discharge Analysis Using PCA and ANN for the Estimation of Size and Position of Metallic Particle Adhering to Spacer in Gas-Insulated System ... 325
Firmansyah Nur Budiman (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Yasin Khan (King Saud University, Saudi Arabia)
TS 3 – 18 Quantum Neural Network for State of Charge Estimation ... 331
Kevin Gausultan Hadith Mangunkusumo (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Danang Wijaya (UGM, Indonesia); Yung-Ruei Chang (Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taiwan); Yih-Der Lee (Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taiwan); Kuo Lung Lian (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan)
TS 3 – 19 Reducing Induction Motor Starting Current Using Magnetic Energy Recovery Switch (MERS) ... 336
Danang Wijaya (UGM, Indonesia); Sholihatta Aziz (UGM, Indonesia); Hartanto Prabowo (UGM, Indonesia)
TS 3 – 20 The Dynamic Performance of Grid-Connected Fixed-Speed Wind Turbine Generator ... 342
Husni Rois Ali (UGM, Indonesia)
TS 3 – 21 TVAC PSO for Modal Optimal Control POD and PSS Coordination in UPFC ... 347
-ix-
Ø
Session 4. Electronics, Circuits, and Systems
TS 4 – 01 A Face Detector Based on Color and Texture ... 354
Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi (Isfahan University of Technology, Iran); Sayed Masoud Sayedi (Isfahan University of Technoly, Iran)
TS 4 – 02 Analysis of Single Excitation Signal for High Speed ECVT Data Acquisition System ... 360
Arbai Yusuf (CTECH Labs Edwar Technology Co., Indonesia); Imamul Muttakin (CTECH Labs Edwar Technology Co., Indonesia); Wahyu Widada (CTECH Labs Edwar Technology Co., Indonesia); Warsito P. Taruno (CTECH Labs Edwar Technology Co., Indonesia)
TS 4 – 03 Pulley's Clamping Force and Axial Position Measurements for Electro-mechanical Continuously Variable Transmission in Automotive Applications ... 366
Bambang Supriyo (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia); Kamarul Tawi (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia); Mohd Che Kob (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia); Izhari Mazali (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia); Mohd Che Kob (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia)
TS 4 – 04 Reconfigurable Hardware Implementation of Gigabit UDP/IP Stack Based on Spartan-6 FPGA ... 370
Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi (Isfahan University of Technology, Iran); Sayed Masoud Sayedi (Isfahan University of Technoly, Iran); Batul Mahmoodi (Telecommunication Company of Isfahan, Iran)
TS 4 – 05 The Performance of Three-Phase Four-Wire Grid-Connected Inverter with Enhanced Power Quality ... 376
Susatyo Handoko (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Sasongko Pramono Hadi (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Suharyanto Suharyanto (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Eka Firmansyah (UGM, Indonesia)
TS 4 – 06 Underwater Sound Propagation Characteristics At Mini Underwater Test Tank with Varied Salinity and Temperature ... 381
Niken Yuwono (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Dhany Arifianto (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Endang Widjiati (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia); Wirawan Wirawan (Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia)
Ø
Session 5. Control Systems
TS 5 – 01 A Neural Network Structure with Parameter Expansion for Adaptive Modeling of Dynamic Systems ... 388
Erwin Sitompul (President University, Indonesia)
TS 5 – 02 A New Approach in Self-Generation of Fuzzy Logic Controller by Means of Genetic Algorithm ... 394
Erwin Sitompul (President University, Indonesia); Iksan Bukhori (President University, Indonesia)
TS 5 – 03 Double Target Potential Field ... 400
Ferry Manalu (Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Indonesia)
TS 5 – 04 Robust Residual Generation for Sensor Fault Isolation in Systems with Structured Uncertainty ... 405
Samiadji Herdjunanto (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia); Adhi Susanto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia); Oyas Wahyunggoro (UGM, Indonesia)
TS 5 – 05 Design of Decoupled Repetitive Control for MIMO Systems ... 411
Statistical Analysis of Popular Open Source Software
Projects and Their Communities
Andi Wahju Rahardjo Emanuel
Informatics Bachelor Program
Faculty of Information Technology, Maranatha Christian University Bandung, INDONESIA
andi.wre@it.maranatha.edu
Abstract— Open Source Software (OSS) becomes one of the mainstream software development methodology competing with commercial and proprietary software development. One of the distinct characteristics of OSS projects is the existence group of contributors who joined the project voluntarily called OSS Communities. In this study, the statistical analysis of 263 popular OSS Projects and their communities is performed. The popularity of the OSS Projects is determined from suggestion from selected websites found from Google search engine. The analysis covers information such as OSS Project’s name, description, category, repository, community type, number of contributors, and the start year. There are four important findings of the statistical analysis. First finding is that most of the category of the OSS Projects is computer and networking related. The other findings are that most of the project is in Ad Hoc state and the different trends in the number of contributors in Foundation and Commercial Company of OSS Communities. The last finding is that most of the OSS Projects are using Github, Sourceforge and Ohloh as their source code repositories. These results provide important insights about the structure and activities of OSS Projects and their communities.
Keywords—Open Source Software Project; community; statistical analysis; popular
I. INTRODUCTION
Open Source Software (OSS) has evolved into one of the mainstream software development methodology challenging the already established software engineering methodology used by proprietary and commercial software projects. The OSS products such as Firefox web browser, Apache web server, Android operating system and many more have placed themselves as the major players and benchmarks for other similar applications. Besides these successful projects, there are many OSS Projects are created everyday and some of these projects eventually will evolve into medium to large projects which are developed by many groups of contributors.
One of the distinct characteristics of OSS project is the ability for everyone to download, improve and modify the source code. This characteristic enables the project to attract many contributors to voluntarily contribute to the development of the software project in the form of a group called OSS Communities. Some of the big names of OSS Projects such as Apache Foundation, Mozilla Developer Network, Linux Foundation, and Eclipse Foundation have become the icons of
success of OSS Communities. Studies have shown that the success of OSS Projects are largely depends on the success of their communities.
The OSS Communities comes into many shapes and forms which are interesting to be studied and examined. The knowledge about characteristics of OSS Projects and their communities provides interesting insight about their secret of success. This paper describes the statistical analysis of 263 “popular” OSS Projects and their communites which includes the project’s name, description, category, repository, community type, number of contributors, and start year of the projects. The result of this study should be beneficial in understanding the internal structure and activities in these OSS Projects and their communities. research in order to understand their successes. Several examples of successful OSS projects being studied such as developers [14][15] and the transparent flow of information [16], experienced developers [17], and the more open governance approach [18].
The software system development process of some OSS Projects also has been studied to understand their internal
ICITEE 2014 Yogyakarta, 7-8 October 2014 ISBN: 978-1-4799-5302-8
-132-characteristics and problems. Stewart et al studied 1000
releases of 200 OSS projects to understand the effect of the source code complexity against the interest of the new developer [19]. Alsmadi and Magel have studied the LOC efficiency of several OSS projects that they found that the range of LOC efficiency are 70% - 80% and the function size are 20 – 30 LOC [20]. The problems faced by OSS projects such as resource allocation and budgeting [21], and the lack of mechanism to manage the growth of the project [22].
The uniqueness of the OSS Communities is also the subject of several studies in order to understand their internal structure and motivations. For a small OSS projects the hierarchy of the community are usually simple which is consisted of two roles called core and associate members or developer and handyperson [23][24]. Meanwhile, for a larger OSS projects, the structure of the community are more complex which consisting up to 8 roles called project leader, core member, active developer, peripheral developer, bug fixer, bug reporter and passive user [25]. The hierarchy of the OSS community is in the form of onion layer [26] or 5 layers open onion model [27]. Whereas the motivations of each developers in joining the community varies but it can be categorized into internal and external motivations [28][29].
This study is different from the previous studies in which the focus is the statistical study of the characteristics and communities of “popular” OSS projects. The popularity of the projects is based on recommendations from selected websites found from Google Search Engine by feeding some search strings indicating popularity. There are 263 popular OSS Projects are collected and examined further by gathering more detailed information from the project’s websites, their repositories, project’s community website, etc. The information collected from those OSS Projects is taken during the months of May to June 2014.
III. RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY
The research methodology used in analyzing these OSS Projects and their communities is divided into three phases:
1. Determining the “popular” OSS Projects: the
selection of OSS Projects that are considered popular to be examined further.
2. Collecting information of each of the popular OSS
Projects: collecting information from each OSS
Projects from project’s websites, community
websites, repositories, etc.
3. Statistically analyzing the information collected:
analyzing statistically the information collected in order to find meaningful insight.
The following subsections describe the detail of each of the phases.
A. DETERMINING POPULAR OSS PROJECTS
The first step of the research is to determine which OSS Projects are considered “popular”. Based on online
dictionaries such as Merriam-Webster, Dictionary.com, and The Free Dictionary, the term “popular” is related to the likeness to majority of people. Google search engine is used in finding these projects by using keywords such as “popular Open Source Projects”, “best Open Source Projects”, etc. There are many websites suggesting popularity of OSS Projects, but after carefully reviewing the website’s content and the reputation of the website the list of websites are shortlisted into 8 websites. The websites used as the reference of the popularity of the OSS Projects are:
1. Infoword’s Bossie 2013 Award [31].
2. “Best Open Source Software” from Lifehacker.biz
website [32].
3. “Top 10 Open Source Projects” by V3 Staff at
V3.com website [33].
4. “30 Cool Open Source Software I Discovered in
2013” by Nixcraft at Nixcraft.com website [33].
5. “Best of Opensource.com: Top 10 open source
projects in 2013” at Opensource.com website [34].
6. “Open Source Windows” at Opensourcewindows.org
website [35].
7. “30 Essential Pieces of Free (and Open) Software for
Windows” by Trent at thesimpledollar.com website [36].
8. “Most popular open-source projects hosted at
GitHub” by Dan Nanni at xmodulo.com website [37].
Most of the OSS Projects recommended from these websites are redundant and then compiled into 263 OSS Projects. The following is the list of the selected popular OSS Projects being analyzed in this research shown in compressed alphabetical ordered list:
@SSP, ]project-open[, {less}, ABC, Abiword, AC3Filter, Ack-grep, Activiti, Adminer, Alfresco, aMSN, Android, Android, Angry IP Scanner, AngularJS, Apache Cordova, Apache Drill, Apache Giraph, Apache Hadoop, Apache Hama, Apache HTTP Server, Apache Shiro, Apache Sqoop, AppServ, Arduino, Artica, Audacity, Backbone.js, BBurst!, BigBlueButton, Bitcoin, BitPim, BitTorrent, Bonita BPM, Bootstrap, Brackets, BT++, Cabos, Chosen, Chromium, Cinnamon, ClamWin, Classic Shell, Clonezilla, Cloud Foundry, Cloudera Impala, Coppermine Photo Gallery, Couchbase Server, cURL, CyanogenMod, D3: Data-Driven Documents, DC++, DD-WRT, Debian, DeskWeb, Dev-C++, Ditaa, Django, DocHive, Docker, DokuWiki, DOSBox, DotNetNuke, Drupal, EasyPHP, EasyTAG, Eclipse, Elastix, Ember.js, Emscripten, eMule, Enyo.js, Eraser, ERPNext, Eucalyptus, Express, FFDShow, FileZilla, Firebird, Firefox, Firefox, Firefox OS, Fluxbox, Font Awesome, ForgeRock, Foundation, FoxyProxy, Freemind, FrontAccounting, Gallery, GanttPV, Gephi, Ghostscript, GIMP, GitLab, GLPI, Gnome, GNU Parallel, GnuCash, Gnucleus, HandBrake, HealthMonitor, Hibernate ORM, Homebrew, HTML5 Boilerplate, Impress.js, inBloom, Inkscape, IPCop Firewall, IPython, ISPConfig, jEdit, Jekyll, Jenkins CI, Joomla, jQuery, jQuery File Upload, Juice, Kali Linux, KeePass, Keynote-nf, Koha, Kurogo, LAME, LibreOffice, Linux Kernel, luckyBackup, Maltego, MariaDB, MediaCoder, MediaGoblin, MediaPortal, MediaWiki, MiKTex, Miranda, Miro, Miro Video Converter, Moment, MongoDB, Moodle, Moosic, MP3Gain, MPC-HC, MPlayer, Mule ESB, MusikCube, MySQL, NASA Worldwind, Neo4j, Nginx, Nmap, Node.js, Notepad++, Notepad2, Observium, Odoo, Oh My Zsh, Onion Browser, Open Compute Project, Open edX, Open Source Beehives, Open Studio for Big Data, OpenBravo, OpenCMS, OpenDaylight, OpenEMR, OpenOffice.org, OpenShift, OpenShot, OpenStack, OpenVPN, OpenWrt, OrangeHRM, Orbot, Owncloud, Paint.NET, pdfcreator, PeaZip, PeerGuardian, ISBN: 978-1-4799-5302-8 Yogyakarta, 7-8 October 2014 ICITEE 2014
-133-Pentaho BI, PhoneGap, phpBB, phpMyAdmin, phpSysInfo, Pidgin, Plone, PortableApps, PostgreSQL, Prey, Process Hacker, Process Maker, ProjectLibre, Python, Python, RackTables, Rails, Raspberry Pi, RedPhone, Replicant, RSSOwl, Rubrica, Ruby, Saltstack, Scala, SciDB, Scrollout F1, ScummVM, Serengeti, Service Stack, Shareaza P2P, SharpDevelop, SimpleInvoices, SiSU, Speed Dreams, SquirreL SQL, StepMania, StreamRipper, SugarCRM, SwitchYard, TEA, TeXnicCenter, TextSecure, Three.js, Thunderbird, TightVNC, Tmux, TortoiseSVN, Trinket, True Combat: Elite, Tuleap, Turnkey Linux, Ubuntu, Ultimate++, UltraVNC, Unetbootin, Varnish, VirtuaDub, VLC Media Player, Vtiger, Vuze, WAMP5, WDM, Webkit, Webmin, Wine, WinSCP, Wireshark, Wordpress, Workrave, WURFL, wxWidgets, X3DOM, XAMPP, X-Chat 2, Xine, XOOPS, xTuple, Zanata, Zentyal Server, Zile, ZSNES.
B. COLLECTING INFORMATION FROM EACH OSS PROJECT
Based on the list of popular OSS Projects, the next step is collecting information from each of the 263 OSS Projects. The information is collected from the projects’ official websites, project’s repository, and other relevant information from other websites. The information collected from each of the OSS Projects with its remark is described in Table I.
TABLE I. INFORMATION COLLECTED FROM OSSPROJECTS
Information Remark
Name The official name of the OSS Project
Description Short description of the OSS Project
Category Category of the OSS Project
Host URL link of the OSS Project
Repository Source Code Repository used by the project
Community Name The official name of the OSS Community
Community Type Type of the OSS Community Number of
Contributors The number of contributors
Project’s Start Year The start year of the OSS Project
All information stated in Table I is collected directly from OSS Project’s website and its repositories except for Category and Community Type. The Project’s Category is inferred from project’s description, whereas the Community Type is inferred from the description and activity of the community and its product’s offering.
IV. RESULTOFSTATISTICALANALYSIS
Statistical analysis is conducted of all the information collected from 263 popular OSS Projects to find meaningful Project’s websites are examined to determine the categories of each of the project. Each of the projects is then categorized into 14 groups which are Networking System, Multimedia, Web Design, Software Development, Utilities, Business, Databases, Productivity, Internet Applications, Operating Systems, Education, Security, Embedded System, and Health. Fig. 1 shows the distribution of the OSS Projects’ categories.
Fig. 1. OSS Projects by Category
Fig. 1 shows that most of the OSS Projects are related to computer and networking related applications (Networking System, Web Design, Software Development, Utilities, Databases, Internet Applications, Operating System, and Security). Multimedia applications also has significant number along with business related applications (Business and Productivity). Projects categories in Education, Health and Embedded System are still in small proportions. This observation indicates that the majority of users / customers of OSS Projects are person who involved in computer and networking related areas, while the users in other areas are still in small proportions.
B. OSS COMMUNITY TYPES
The driving force of the OSS Projects is their communities. An OSS Project is usually initiated by one or more person who is organized intially in informal manner or Ad Hoc. As the number of contributors increased, the need for more formal types of organization which clear structure and responsibilities arises. These organizations may evolve into two types of organization which are Foundation / Non-formal organization and Commercial Company. Some community organizations become a Foundation / Non-formal organization if they decided to remain non-profit, while they may also become a commercial company if they decided to commercialize some aspects of their software products or supports. Based in how the communities are developed, they are categorized into 3 typesm of OSS Communities, which are:
ICITEE 2014 Yogyakarta, 7-8 October 2014 ISBN: 978-1-4799-5302-8
-134-1. Ad Hoc: there is no informal structure in the community, every contributors are in the same level of roles and responsibilities. This state of organization is usually in the early form of OSS Communities.
2. Foundation / Non-profit organization: the community
has formal structure of role hierarchy and
responsibility, but they continue to have non-profit orientation. The form of community may remain informal or become foundation.
3. Commercial Company: the community has formal
structure of role hierarchy and responsibility. This organization offers both free or community versions of the software system and the paid versions with professional support.
Table II shows the types of OSS Communities of the 263 popular OSS Projects based on the examination of their activities and product offerings.
TABLE II. TYPES OF OSSCOMMUNITIES
Organization No. Of Project
Ad Hoc 166
Foundation / Non-profit organization 45
Commercial Company 52
Table II shows that most of the OSS Communities (about 63%) are still in Ad Hoc state indicated by unstructured roles and responsibilities among those contributors. The second largest category is Commercial Company for about 19.8%. The third category is Foundation / Non-profit organization for about 17%. Some of the noticable names of Foundation / Non-profit organizations are Apache Software Foundation, The Gnome Foundation, The Eclipse Foundation, Debian
Organization, Hibernate Community, Sharp Develop
Community, etc.
C. CONTRIBUTORS OF OSS PROJECTS
Contributors are persons who participate to the OSS Projects in many forms of contributions. Most of the contributions are in the source code development, translation, documentation, etc. Table III shows the classification of the number of contributors of the 263 popular OSS Projects.
TABLE III. CONTRIBUTORS OF OSSPROJECTS
No. Of Contributors No. Of Project
1 - 30 134
31 - 100 56
101 - 400 40
> 400 30
Table III shows most of the OSS Projects are supported by small groups of contributors (1 – 30 contributors). The number of OSS Projects supported by larger groups of contributors
decreases indicating the increased difficulty in managing larger contributors who almost never meet face to face and only communicate through online channels.
The size of the contributors in OSS Projects can be correlated with the types of communities as discussed in Table II. Table IV shows the size of contributors in Ad Hoc OSS Communities.
TABLE IV. CONTRIBUTORS OF AD HOC OSSCOMMUNITIES
No. Of Contributors No. Of Project
1 - 30 93
31 - 100 36
101 - 400 22
> 400 13
Figure IV shows that most of Ad Hoc OSS Communities are supported by small number of contributors (no more than 30 contributors). Since in Ad Hoc communities there are no explicit roles and responsibilites for each contributors, the overall contribution may become difficult to manage as the number of contributors becomes larger.
The correlation of the number of contributors in Foundation / Non-profit Organization is shown in Table V.
TABLE V. CONTRIBUTORS OF FOUNDATION/NON-PROFIT
ORGANIZATION OF OSSPROJECTS
No. Of Contributors No. Of Project
1 - 30 17
31 - 100 4
101 - 400 12
> 400 12
Table V shows that for Foundation / Non-profit Organization are more suitable to larger groups of contributors in OSS Projects. This is due to the fact that in more formal types of organization such as Foundation or Non-profit organization, the roles and responsibilities are stated explicitly. The explicit roles and responsibilities enables each members of large organization to contribute positively with minimal conflict and overlapping.
The correlation of the number of contributors in Commercial Company OSS Project is shown in Table VI. Table VI shows that for OSS Community that becomes commercial company usually has small groups of contributors in order to remain competitive and manageable.
ISBN: 978-1-4799-5302-8 Yogyakarta, 7-8 October 2014 ICITEE 2014
-135-TABLE VI. CONTRIBUTORS OF COMMERCIAL COMPANY OSSPROJECTS
No. Of Contributors No. Of Project
1 - 30 24
31 - 100 16
101 - 400 6
> 400 5
D. OSS PROJECT REPOSITORIES
All of the 263 popular OSS Projects will use one or many repository portals to maintain their source code and other documentations. Some of the OSS Projects may use more than one portal or may choose to use their own website as their own source code repository. Table VII shows the utilization of repositories by these popular OSS Projects.
TABLE VII. REPOSITORIES OF OSSPROJECTS
Repositories
No. Of Projects
GitHub 85
Sourceforge 68
Own (project’s own website) 29
Ohloh 21
Sourceforge, Ohloh 16
Google Code 10
Launchpad 10
Sourceforge, GitHub 10
GitHub, Ohloh 5
Sourceforge, GitHub, Ohloh 2
Sourceforge, Launchpad 2
Sourceforge, Launchpad, Ohloh 2
Launchpad, Ohloh 1
Launchpad, Sourceforge 1
Table VII shows that the three most popular repositories are GitHub, Sourceforge, and Ohloh, while some of the OSS Projects are using its own website by utilizing version control applications. The other repositories such as Google Code and Launchpad are used in some of these projects.
E. OSS PROJECTS START YEAR
The OSS Projects start year are recorded to examine the age of the project and its relation to other recorded attributes. Fig. 2 shows the classification of start year of OSS Projects.
Fig. 2. OSS Projects Start Year
Fig. 2 shows that there is possible correlation between the age of the project and their popularity. In 2011 showing a significant number of popular OSS projects which related to the emergence of new web technologies such as Javascript, Web Framework, etc. The lowest number of popular OSS Projects are in 2007 in which there are only 8 popular projects that are started in 2007 compared to the average of 17 projects / year. There is one popular OSS Project that started in 2014 that is OpenDaylight.
V. CONCLUSION
OSS Projects becomes one of the mainstream software development methodologies competing with the proprietary / commercial software engineering. The OSS Projects consisting of two co-evolved components which are the OSS System and OSS Community. The analysis of the 263 popular OSS Projects and their communities may provide important insight to better understanding of their popularity and success.
It can be concluded based the statistical analysis of 263 popular OSS Project that:
1. Most of the project’s categories are in the computer and networking related applications and only small proportion in business, education, and health.
2. Most of the OSS Communities are in Ad Hoc state
(non formal and non structured) indicating that most of the projects are not properly managed.
3. The contributors of OSS Projects are in small number in each project (mostly below 30 contributors). Foundation / Non-profit organization usually suitable for more structured large group of contributors, while Commercial Company of OSS Communities remains in small number of contributors.
4. The top three OSS Project repositories are Github,
Sourceforge and Ohloh.
The future work of this research is analyzing the evolution of larger numbers of OSS Projects and their communites based on many attributes so that the framework of the growth and evolution of OSS Projects, systems, and communites can be mapped so the ideal pathways of development of OSS Projects could be measured and identified.
ICITEE 2014 Yogyakarta, 7-8 October 2014 ISBN: 978-1-4799-5302-8
-136-ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Author would like to thank Maranatha Christian University (http://www.maranatha.edu) that provides funding for this research.
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