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PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MESIN BAKAR 2 TAK DAN 4 TAK BERBASIS AUGMENTED REALITY
TESIS
Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Magister Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan
Annafi : 1708039
PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN TEKNOLOGI DAN KEJURUAN SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA
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UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA 2019
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MESIN BAKAR 2 TAK DAN 4 TAK BERBASIS AUGMENTED REALITY
Olehh:
Annafi, S. Pd
Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP), 2009
Sebuah tesis yang diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Magister Pendidikan pada Program Studi Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan
©Annafi 2019
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Juni 2019
Hak Cipta dilindungi undang-undang
Tesis ini tidak boleh diperbanyak seluruhnya atau sebagian,
Dengan dicetak ulang, di fotocopy, atau dengan cara lain tampa izin penulis.
ABSTRAK
Mesin bakar 2 tak dan 4 tak merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran penting di jurusan TKRO. Hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran mesin bakar 2 tak dan 4 tak tergolong rendah disebabkan siswa masih mengalami kesulitan memahami bentuk visual pada materi ini, karena media pembelajaran yang digunakan masih terbatas.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran augmented reality berbasis android sebagai media pembelajaran mesin bakar 2 tak dan 4 tak.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitiatif dan kuantitatiif (mix method) dengan pendekatan deskriptif serta penjaringan data digunakan kuesioner. Proses pengembangan media pembelajaran augmented reality menggunakan pendekatan Analisys, Design, Development, Implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE).
Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian kelayakan pada aspek usability dan penerapan disekolah kepada siswa untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan kognitif maupun psikomotorik siswa. Sampel pada penelitian adalah siswa SMK Negeri 1 Kerumutan kelas XI TKRO. Kemampuan kognitif dan psikomotorik siswa mengalami peningkatan serta memperoleh respon positif dari penggunaan media pembelajaran tersebut. Media pembelajaran augmented reality berbasis android dinyatakan layak dan efektif digunakan untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran mesin bakar 2 tak dan 4 tak di sekolah.
Kata Kunci: media pembelajaran, aplikasi, augmented reality, dan android
ABSTRAK
Two and four stroke engines are not one of the important subjects in the TKRO department. Student learning outcomes in 2 and 4 combustion engine subjects are not low because students still have difficulty understanding the visual form on this material, because the learning media used is still limited. This study aims to develop an Android-based augmented reality learning media as a 2-stroke and 4- stroke combustion engine learning media. This study uses qualitative and quantitative methods (mix method) with a descriptive approach and data collection using a questionnaire. The process of developing augmented reality learning media uses the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) approaches. Furthermore, a feasibility test was conducted on the aspects of usability and application in schools to students to determine the level of cognitive and psychomotor abilities of students. The sample in the study was students of SMK Negeri 1 Kerumutan in class XI TKRO. Students' cognitive and psychomotor abilities have increased and have received positive responses from the use of learning media. Android-based augmented reality learning media is declared feasible and effective to be used to support the learning process of 2 and 4 fuel engines not at school.
Keywords: learning media, applications, augmented reality, and android
DAFTAR ISI
DATA PENULIS ... ii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ...iii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ...iv
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH ... v
ABSTRAK ...vii
DAFTAR ISI ...ix
DAFTAR TABEL ...xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...xiv
DAFTAR GRAFIK ...xvi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ... 3
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ... 4
1.4 Mamfaat Penelitian ... 5
BAB II KAJIAN TEORI ... 6
2.1 Pembelajaran ... 6
2.1.1 Pengertian media pembelajaran ... 6
2.1.2 Fungsi dan Manfaat Media Pembelajaran ... 7
2.1.3 Landasan Teori Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran ... 8
2.1.4 Ciri-ciri Media Pembelajaran ... 9
2.1.5 Aspek Dalam Pemilihan Media Pembelajaran ...10
2.1 6 Pengertian Multimedia ...10
2.2 Mesin bakar 2 tak dan 4 tak (KD 3.3) ...11
2.3 Augmented Reality ...12
2.4 Pengaplikasian Teknologi Augmented Reality Berbasis Android Pada Media Pembelajaran ...13
2.5 Langkah-langkah Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis AR ...15
2.6 Penelitian yang Relevan ...19
2.7 Kerangka Pikir ...25
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ...26
3.1 Desain Penelitian ...26
3.2 Partisipan ...30
3.3. Instrumen Penelitian ...30
3.4 Prosedur Penelitian ...32
3.5 Teknik Analisis Data ...33
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ...35
4.1 Hasil Produk Media Pembelajaran ...35
4.1.2 Hasil Proses Analisis (Analysis) ...35
4.1.2 Hasil dari Proses Perencanaan (Desing) ...39
4.1.3 Hasil Dari Proses Pengembangan (Development) ...43
4.2 Validasi Kelayakan Media Pembelajaran ...47
4.2.1 Pengujian Functional Suitability ...47
4.2.2 Pengujian Portability Effeciency ...48
4.2.3 Pengujian Kelayakan Media ...50
4.2.4 Pengujian Kelayakan Materi ...51
4.3 Efektifitas Media Pembelajaran ...53
4.3.1 Hasil Dari Proses Penerapan (Implementasi) ...53
4.3.2 Pengujian Efektifitas Media Pembelajaran ...55
4.3.3 Hasil Evaluasi ...59
4.4 Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ...61
BAB V SIMPULAN,IMPLIKASI, DAN REKOMENDASI ...64
5.1 Simpulan ...64
5.2 Implikasi ...65
5.3 Rekomendasi ...65
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...66
DAFTAR TABEL
Tebel 2.1 Kompetensi dasar dan indikator pada Teknologi Dasar Otomotif ...11
Tabel 2.2. Kajian Literatur Penelitian Yang Relevan ...19
Tabel 3.1. Kisi-kisi validasi ahli materi ...30
Tabel 3.2. Kisi-kisi validasi ahli media ...31
Tabel 3.3. Kisi-kisi penilaian siswa ...31
Tabel 3.4. Skor Pernyataan ...32
Tabel 3.5 Kategori kelayakan berdasarkan Ranting Scale ...34
Tabel 3.6 Kategori nilai efektifitas siswa ...34
Tabel 4.1 Proses dan Hasil Analisis...35
Tabel 4.2 Storyboard aplikasi media MesinBakAR ...41
Tabel 4.3 Hasil Pengujian Functional Suitability ...48
Tabel 4.4 Spesifikasi Handphone yang Diujicobakan ...49
Tabel 4.5 Hasil uji coba peforma smartphone ...49
Tabel 4.6 Data Hasil Uji Validasi Media ...50
Tabel 4.7 Data Hasil Uji Validasi Materi ...51
Tabel 4.8 Hasil Revisi Produk Media Pembelajaran ...53
Tabel 4.9 Hasil Rekapitulasi Pengujian Usability ...54
Tabel 4.10 data hasil uji reliabilitas instrumen pengguna/siswa ...54
Tabel 4.11 Data Scale Statistik Instrumen Pengguna/Siswa ...54
Tabel 4.12 Daftar Nilai Pre-test dan Post-test Siswa ...55
Tabel 4.13 Uji Indenpendent Samples T-Test nilai Pre-test dan Post-test Siswa 55 Tabel 4.14 “Indenpenden Samples Test” Untuk Nilai Akademik Pre-test dan Post test Siswa ...56
Tabel 4.15 Hasil Nilai Kegiatan Praktikum Siswa ...57
Tabel 4.16 Uji Indenpendent Samples T-Test nilai Pre-test dan Post-test Siswa .58 Tabel 4.17 “Indenpenden Samples Test” Untuk Kemampuan Keterampilan Praktikum Pre-test dan Post test Siswa ...59
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1. Model kerucut pengalaman Edgar Dele (Nurseto, 2011)... 9
Gambar 2. 2 Switch Platform Android ...15
Gambar 2. 3 Klik player setting untuk masuk ke konfigurasi ...16
Gambar 2.4 Merubah setting pada Resolution & Other Settings ...16
Gambar 2.5 Konfirmasi import di Unity ...17
Gambar 2.6 Tampilan package vuforia SDK pada window project ...17
Gambar 2.7 Membuat tampilan marker ...18
Gambar 2.8 Memilih objek targer image marker ...18
Gambar 2.9 Bentuk tampilan marker yang dipilih ...19
Gambar 2.10 Kerangka pikir Penelitian ...26
Gambar 3.1 Model Penelitian (Welty, 2007; Series, 2018) ...32
Gambar 3.2. Prosedur penelitian ...33
Gambar 3.3. Skor kelayakan secara kontinu(Hartog, 1999) ...34
Gambar 4.1 Tampilan autocad pada layar monitor ...36
Gambar 4.2 Tampilan vuforiapada smartphone ...36
Gambar 4.3 Tampilan visual studio pada monitor ...37
Gambar 4.4 Tampilan corel draw pada layar monitor ...38
Gambar 4.5 Desain flow chart Aplikasi MesinBakAR ...40
Gambar 4.6 Halaman Spalsh Screen ...44
Gambar 4.7 Halaman Menu Utama ...44
Gamabar 4.8 Halaman Scan ...45
Gambar 4.9 Halamn Quiz ...46
Gambar 4.10 Bentuk Tampilan Skor Jawaban Siswa ...46
Gambar 4.11 Halamn Feedback ...47
HALAMAN GRAFIK
Gafik 4.1 Pengujian Kelayakan Media ...50 Grafik 4.2 Pengujian Kelayakan Materi ...52 Grafik 4.3 Evaluasi Efektifitas Media pembelajaran ...60
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