45
2. Knilans K, Ventevogel M, Zhu W, Anderson J, Oldach L, Hobbs M, et al.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Supresses Dendritic Cell Induced,
Antigen-Dependent CD4 T Cell Proliferation. [internet]. 2012. [dikutip 22 Nov
2015]: 7(7):2. Didapat dari:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3402525/
3. Unemo M, William M. Antibiotic Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in
the 21st Century: Past, Evolution, and Future. [internet]. 2014. [dikutip 23
Nov 2015]: 27(3):587. Didapat dari:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4135894/
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease
Surveilance : Gonorrhea : Reported Cases and Rates of Reported Cases by
State/Area and Region in Alphabetical Order, Unites States and Outlying
Areas, 2010-2014. [internet]. 2014. [dikutip 17 Nov 2015]: Didapat dari:
5. Semarang Public Health. Health Profile in 2010 [internet]. Semarang:
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Treatment Failure and Suspectibility to Cefixime in
Toronto, Canada. JAMA. [internet]. 2013. [dikutip 9 Jan 2016]:
309(2):163. Didapat dari:
http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1556149
8. CDC. Updated CDC’s Sexually Transmitted Disease treatment guidelines.
Oral cephalosporin no longer a recommended treatment for gonococcal
infection. [internet]. 2012. [dikutip 08 Des 2015]: 61(31):590. Didapat
10.Ohnishi M, Golparian D. Is Neisseria gonorrhoeae Initiating a Future Era
of Untreatable Gonorrhea?: Detailed Characterization of the First Strain
Jan 2016]: Didapat dari:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3122416/
11.Rindi R, Rita E. Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Test Against
Neisseria gonorrhoeae In Vaginal Swab on Commercial Sex Workers at
Jondul, Rejosari, Tenayan Raya, Pekanbaru.[internet]. 2013. [dikutip 06
Jan 2016]: Didapat dari: repository.unri.ac.id.
12.Runtuboi R, Waworuntu L. Sensitivity Test Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Against Multiple Antibiotics on Commercial Sex Workers at Lokalisasi
Tanjung Elmo Jayapura. Papua Biologic Journal. [internet]. 2014. [dikutip
3 Nov 2015]: Didapat dari: ejournal.unicen.ac.id
13.Rahma D. The Difference in Sensitivity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae towards
Kanamycin and Ceftriaxone in In vitro.[internet]. 2015. [dikutip 22 Jan
2016]: Didapat dari: eprints.undip.ac.id.
14.CDC. Antibiotic Resistant Threat in United States, 2013. [internet].2013.
[dikutip 03 Feb 2016]: Didapat dari:
http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/threat-report-2013/pdf/ar-threats-2013-508.pdf
15.Jawetz, Melnick, Adelberg. Medical Microbiology. Edisi ke-25. Jakarta:
EGC; 2013. 256-60.
16.Pharmacology and Therapeutic Departement Medical Faculty of
Indonesian University. Pharmacology and Therapi. Edisi ke-5. Jakarta:
17.Rx List the Internet Drug Index. Clinical Pharmacology : Mechanism of
Action of Levofloxacin. [internet]. 2014 [dikutip 01 Jan 2016]: Didapat
dari: http://www.rxlist.com/levaquin-drug/clinical-pharmacology.htm
18.Nightingale, Murakawa, Ambrose. Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics In
Theory And Clinical Practice. Edisi ke-12. New York: Marcel Dekker,
Inc; 2002. 20-4.
19.Brunton L, Lazo J, Parker K. Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological
Basis of Therapeutics. Edisi ke-2. London: McGraw Hill Professional;
2015. 314-20.
20.Rashid N, Nadeem M. Formulation and in-vitro Evaluation of
Levofloxacin Tablets by Using Different Superdisintegrants. American
Journal of Research Communication. 2013. [dikutip 05 Feb 2016]:
1(4):193. Didapat dari: www.usa-journals.com
21.Croom K, Goa K. Levofloxacin. A Review Of Its Use In the Treatment of
Bacterial Infection in United States. [internet]. 2013. [dikutip 14 Jan
2016]: 63(24):313. Didapat dari:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14664657
22.Anderson V, Perry C. Levofloxacin. A Review of Its Use as a High Dose,
Short Course Treatment For Bacterial Infection. [internet]. 2008. [dikutip
05 Des 2015]: 68 (4):535. Didapat dari:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18318569
23.Martodihardjo S. Urethritis Gonorrhoea and non Gonorrhea Diagnostic
24.Murtiastutik D. Sexual Transmitted Disease. Edisi Pertama. Surabaya:
Airlangga University Press Surabaya, 2008. 109-14.
25.Bedeschi L, Pedroso C, Neto V, Souza V, Teixeira M. Antimicrobial
Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates from Patients Attending a
Public Referral Centre for Sexually Transmitted Disease in Belo,
Horizonte. States of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira
de Medicina Tropical. [internet]. 2013. [dikutip 23 Des 2015]: 46(3):304.
Didapat dari:
http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rsbmt/v46n3/0037-8682-rsbmt-46-03-304.pdf
26.Harvey R, Cornelison C, Fisher D. Microbiology. Edisi ke-3. London:
Wolters Kluwer Health; 2012. 309-12.
27.Wong B. Gonorrhea [internet]. 2014. [dikutip 16 Des 2016]: Didapat dari:
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/218059-overview#aw2aab6b2b4aa
28.Medical Faculty of Indonesian University. Medical Microbiology. Edisi
ke-2. Jakarta: Binarupa Aksara Jakarta; 1994. 143-53.
29.Morse S, Ballard C, Holmes K, Moreland A. Atlas of Sexually
Transmitted Disease and AIDS. Edisi ke-3. Spain: Mosby; 2003. 114-7.
30.Vipascita E. The Difference in Sensitivity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
towards Azithromycin and Ceftriaxone in In vitro.[internet]. 2015. [dikutip
21 Des 2015]: Didapat dari: eprints.undip.ac.id.
31.Christy A. STD Awareness : Ceftriaxone-Resistant Gonorrhea. [internet].
http://advocatesaz.org/2015/12/07/std-awareness-ceftriaxone-resistant-gonorrhea/
32.Breithaupth H. Tackling resistence : Bacteria, humans, animals, and
environtment: An Interview With Stuart Levy, Professor at Tufts
University School of Medicine and President of the Alliance for the
Prudent Use of Antibiotics. [internet]. 2014. [dikutip 15 Mei 2016]:
15(2):127. Didapat dari:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3989856/
33.Wikler M. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Suspectibility
Testing, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Edisi ke-16. New
York: Cornell Inc; 2011. 178.
34.Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Pedoman Nasional
Penanganan Infeksi Menular Seksual. [internet]. 2011. [dikutip 24 Juni
Lampiran 3. Data hasil penelitian
Lampiran 4. Analisis SPSS
Crosstabs
Seftriakson * Levofloksasin Crosstabulation
4 2 6 % wit hin Lev of loksasin Count
Expected Count % wit hin Lev of loksasin Count
Expected Count % wit hin Lev of loksasin Sensitif
Measure of Agreement N of Valid Cases
Value
Asy mp.
St d. Errora Approx. Tb Approx. Sig.
Not assuming the null hy pothesis. a.
Lampiran 5. Dokumentasi
1. Media transport kuman (Thayer Martin cair)
3. Koloni pada media thayer martin
5. Hasil tes oksidasi
Lampiran 6. Biodata Mahasiswa
Identitas Peneliti
Nama : Dewi Ulfa Mei Saroh
NIM : 22010112110117
Tempat/tanggal lahir : Lamongan, 23 Mei 1994 Jenis Kelamin : Perempuan
Alamat : Jalan Raya Tanjung no 132 Lamongan, Jawa Timur Nomor Telepon : 082225921715
e-mail : dewiulfams@yahoo.com
Riwayat Pendidikan Formal