A STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF LEXICAL COHESION AS FOUND IN WILLIAM FAULKNER'S SHORT STORY "BARN BURNING".

(1)

A STYLISIIC ANALYSTS OF LEXICAj- COSESION

AS FOI'ND IN WILLIAM FATJLKNER'S SIIORT STORY 'BARN BVRNING'

A TIIESIS

Subniled i" Ptf,idl

Futli

n

l to the Requlftm

fot Soiato

Sdtu

De{ee

FITRA ADELIZA

(2)

ABSTRAK

Dalan sk.ipsi ini dibahd renrMs kemuncul.n k.hcsi l€ksikaL yan!

t

rdapat

ddm

cerita pendek karya Willianr Faullner. NilLianr

Frulkiq

3d3l3h sallh

*ru

De.ulis,Amerika yang tulisanny! menginspirli

krqr Lrrlr

tulnrn modern sekdrn! ini.

Tuju

phulhd

skipsi ini adalah umul nen8eranui lipe kohesi leksikJ yanB muncul, apa clekny! yang dirdskap oleh pembaca

dsi

kenunculan kohesi lekikal

ien

apa makna sdra yda bk! dibngkap oleb pemblca dllcm cerirateDebut. D3r. salisis diambilddi @dta pendek william Faulknerdcnsanjudul lram Buningdan dibabsi hdya sbanyak 20

pragEt

Kemudim anrliris Jlta dilakuku dengM ncnggunakan merode padan distribusional. Dara tcrsebut dianalhis densd heng8unakm teori lohesi yonA dikemukaku olch Halliday

d

Hrkn

(l97rj) dan

tcoristilisrika oleh Peter Verdonk (2002) sena didtrkuis dcngin rcori pcrg.Plikosi0n stilislika analisis oleh plul Sinpson (2004). Daa analisk disajiko seara dcsknptif

J

didukun! dengrn t bel

y

g digundkrn unluk menggrnrMrkan koh.si leksikal

t$e

nunctrl dalam cerira Gscbur.

ii$il

anrlisis dcnunjukkan bahR. kohc5i Leksikal

)rng

puling bmy k munrrl

,d.l.h

penlu angdn _G.pelnlon)yaf8 mefekank.n pada scvr0lu hal ylng rcrjadi

ds

kolokdi (collocation) yang melekat pda

tal!

boda dtn klrx

sirlds

metrgganbdkb subyck

dlu

oblek

ddm

cerih.

Dri

kenu.culm kohesi leksikal

dih&apkd memudahk pemb.cadalam m.mahanri

n.kn.

d.ri .erit, i.6eb!i.

D'ri

pcneeu.sn kohesi leksikal

dallm

karyany,

penb!$

dsl)rr meras

rn

Jm menbu.ngkar

tarahelndusia

yan8 kcms, pcnuh dcncM enosi, bcbas da. li

(3)

CEAPTER

I

INTRODUCTION

1.1

D.ckFutd

of rh. SrudY

The@ de sone Pavs 10 expE$ our feeling as

hd@

lt

cd

b€ feelings

ol

Dgry, happy. sad,

jo'

or *h.re!er ve

fe'l

The

Bt

se dpEss it

c

be in the

fom

or painrins, drawins'

!.€nsi

sho!1 $ones, noveh

er'

Painrs or dBwe6

exprcss {En leelinss via pictues or painls pod or novclisl e4iess dleir feelings

By usina

le8ugc,

dvone cm comhunicare his or her feelinS'

rhoudl'

md wiat he or sh.

wor

lo

shm

sir!

orhes Pcople

cd

Ee ltuiguag'

ir

Lwo

loms, spoken md Mitten. The winen

'orn

cd

be Eprq'nted in the

lbft

ol

reyr such as snon slotv. Aeordins lo H3llidav aod

Has

(19?6:t):

fhe

*ord

t€xr is used in lincuislics to

rfer

mv pdqsases spokcn or wilren' of vhatcvcr

lened!thaldoesformauific.lwhole

-shon $ory

s

the olhe. kinds

ol trinen

Gxr is 3 kind

ol

lilc6'v

worls Nhich

t

defincd

s

repEsenlation of hnmm

life

lt pEser* ihe social condilion fiat happe. 10

hmo

being Shon slo.v is one of lnetuv wo*s tha! explain aborl scnses

dd

messages &od rhe aurhox 10 express rhcir feelinSs or thousnb

$onl

emerhins lhlt comecled to socill

life

shon $ory like olher liletuv

workl

use a combinarion of votds or sentences rhaL hos

ill

oM

stvle ro na]re the story more

(4)

To

6dc^rrnd

a story. the rcad.a

m

bopefirlly pay denrions to

dy

se

of laglage, b€cause one of the

inporL

thi4

in a srory is

{€

ldBU.Se dEi sed by tbe author. As stlt€d hy Paul Sinpson in his book.Sr/ltrti.]:

'1telonce

hook

lot

staleds (2@4:2): slylislics

n

a nelhod

ol

texrual

i.l..P€lation

in which primary of lace

h

6sisled to

/d,8,zg?

Thc reson why

l

suse

is ro inpolt@r ro styListicids is beause the vdjous loms. pallems,

dd

lweh

rhal

co.sti$e linguistis

shctr

m

o

inponMl i.dex

ofllc fddion

ollhe lext ' H@cq stylisrics. which is concem wilh the sludy oasLtle id le8uase, will

be appropliat€ to rn lyze rhe l&guagc slyle

shicl

is used by llle anhor. As saled by Pcter Verdonk in his

book.tllti.r

(2002:4): "So slylisrics, Ute sludy ol slyle,

ce

be defined as rhe malysis

ol

disnncive exprBsior

in

laDsase

rnd lh.

desoipuon of i1l purpose

dd

€fet."

so. stylislics is th. sludy of explorins the ld8rrage ol the authoB

ud tr

s*

the orealivity of the

altloi

ir

usins |ne la.slase lo creale a _eoodpsem in the

story tluoush 11€

l

_snage

ln

otncr wdds, slylislics

h

used

io

idenrill md cldsiay 1le elemen&

ol

l

guge

&al being 6€d. Tne ebnents

ol

langDge which is used by

$e

aurhor cm be claled to lhe study of texl, bequse rhe lmsuas€

thlt

uscd by

de

allhor in

witte.

lext, in lhis cde j6 a shorl siory. is

Cohcsion is one olthc elenents thal buijt a textwe

ol!

Gxr. s shted by Halliday

ud

H6d

(19?6:8): Cohesion

is a

scmmtic Elalion benven

&

(5)

CHAPTER 4

Cohesion devices

dc

the inporrant element in a lext lhat buill lhe texl lexrurc. wirhorr cohesion there is no relaled neanins mons rhe scdenes, Thec

r€

sone coiesive devices *hich

m

doninmlly occm in litcBry worLs Thc5s

cohesile dcvices

re

used by the du6or ro nate the conlenr oaihe

work

mor

bcaulitul md inleEsted lo rcad, Throush the deyices, the aulhor tries lo delivc! rhe meani.g

lia

lmEuaae md the delic€s,

i.

this

cse

lhe devices is lexical cohesion.Ir is hopelullt the @ders could convey the nemins md givc theelect

ro the eadcr which is comnonly c5l1cd by forcsroundine or psychological _efect, Faulkn$ uses loi€ties ol *ords io deliv*ing hn id€d in the sbon story Faulk.ff rcnds ro Mire

mo)

long enlmc.s to descnbe his idea\ Tne choice

.l

*ods

lhlt

hd bem choscn

pc

ops lends 10 m0ke thc Eadcr involvc in thc story

whcrc rhcy could fe€l @d inagine the smc siiMtion shich is descnb.d by rhc

rulnor

in

dE story. Alier

utyzing

ilc

lcxical

coheio;

&on l,!c dahh,

n

h

lound rhlt lerical concsior ielps lhe reldem

b

convey lhe literary

neuir8

in the shon sory. aaulkner dominatly uscs rcpctilioned collo.arion in expEssing

sd

slJessing thc ideas. Tbrough Lhe nalysis. repetition is the

donin

t

tlpes

ol

lcxical lhat occur wirh 57.6% followed by collocarion (17.92%), nemnyn

(6)

a!.lrry.zoo{Ie.to.i

u

t.kh*t'l-t.\rt l

Chapnm, Raynold. (1913)

LinEu;lic:

and

Lit*atue:

An

lturoductid

to

ttel,{r,St/tsticr.

Illinoisr whi|ehall Conpmy, wheelins.

Frcnrrin.

vicbna

d Rob€n

Rada6

(1993).

A

lntadtctian

10 Lanstase. Fihn Lidition. Harcoul Brlce Jovaovich Coll*e Publisbe6.

H.llid.y, M.A.K

hd

Ruqaiya

H6

. (1976). Coheljon atul English. ]..ntJon:

Lonsne

croDp Ltd.

---'.

. (r93s). tu,8aate, coht.r1, .na

ki:

.4:pe.t ollunsuaqe in u

soc ial-se nir, i. pers pect ivc. D.akia U niresit! .

Hrllida', M.A.K. (1985).,,1 /,//o.tuction la I'unttioml

AtMnu.

Second Edilion.

I.nd.n:

EdBrrd Amold Ltd

Hatch. E. 1t992). Discowse anti Lansuaae tulucation

N.w

York

Canbrids. Udivenity Press

lloey.U.(1991) Pultet8

ofLd,r

D lelr. Oxford: OUP

Link,Alcr.(2004)',t/,&nsEverythksDnit:AStylhticsAnatsisofLi"s,istics

Pattems

ih

Hilh

likc White Etephdnts (CtitiLal

Esat

. F.en]evel

on

A!.il

ll,

20C9

li.n

h otttulaticle!

ennp/ttittelni

67it/is 2

23/ai n28l9J2/-i/?tap

..,1|,1..11

BTBLTOCRAPIIY

Ruilkiene. Janina. (2001).

variou

oI Cohesfie Deticet in

lrillqdt

ttesiters.

20. 2009

Renkena Jan (l 993).

Di!,,^!

91r/t: ,'1n tnttu.tucbry Tert Baak Philadelphi : Jobn Benimrin !ublisninA comFsy

Serden,

Rmd

md

Peter Wi{ldowson.

l.1tt3).

A

ReaAet\

G"ide Conlenp.tury Lnerurt: meot!. I hnd Edilion. Ihe Mivereity Press

s\cms.

i\.er- (lodr'

,

.t'rof

and

_SDliiL

' r' r..?

SrLd\

,