i
CONFERENCE ORGANIZER
International Advisory Board
Agus Budiyono, Prof. Dr., Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Australia
Agus Rubiyanto, Prof. Dr.rer.nat., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology (ITS), Indonesia
Arinto Yudi P. Wardoyo, Ph.D., Brawijaya University (UB), Indonesia
Frederic Merienne, Prof., Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Arts et Metiers (ENSAM), France
Gereon Elbers, Prof. Dr. rer. nat., FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Hans Dieter Liess, Prof. Dr.rer.nat., University of Armed Forces Munich, Germany
Hariyadi, Prof. Dr., Ahmad Dahlan University (UAD), Indonesia
Jakrapong Kawkhao, Prof. Dr., NRPU, Thailand
Jazi Eko Istiyanto, Prof. Dr., Gadjah Mada University (UGM), Indonesia
Khairurrijal, Prof. D.Eng., Bandung Instutute of Technology (ITB), Indonesia
Martin Liess, Prof. Dr., RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Mego Pinandito, Dr., LIPI, Indonesia
Mitra Jamal, Prof. Dr.-Ing., Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
Mohd Fua'ad Rahmat, Prof. Dr., University Teknology Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia
Ralf Lucklum, Prof. Dr.rer.nat., Otto von Guericke University, Germany
Tatsuhiko Aizawa, Prof. Dr., Shibaura Institute of Technology (SIT), Japan
Tosawat Seetawan, Prof. Dr., Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Thailand
Warsito, Prof. Dr., Universitas of Lampung, Indonesia
Chairman/Co-Chairman
Chairman : Setyawan P. Sakti, Dr.-Ing., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Co-Chairman : Kuwat Triyana, D.Eng., Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
Organizing Committee
Achmad Nadhir, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Agfianto Eko Putra, Dr., Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
Agus Naba, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Cuk Imawan, Dr.rer.nat., Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Didik R. Santoso, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
D.Djoko H. Santjojo, Ph.D., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Eri Prasetyo, Dr., Gunadarma University, Indonesia
ii Lazuardi Umar, Dr.rer.nat., University of Riau, Indonesia
Hari Arief Dharmawan, Ph.D, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Idha Royani, Dr., Sriwijaya University, Indonesia
Johan A.E. Noor, Ph.D., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Masruroh, D.Eng., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Melania Suweni Muntini, Dr., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Muhammad Miftahul Munir, Dr., Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Muhammad Irfan, Sriwijaya University, Indonesia
Ramli, Dr., Padang State University, Indonesia
Riska Ekawita, Dr., University of Bengkulu, Indonesia
Sugeng Rianto, Dr., Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Suprijadi, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Suyatno, Dr., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Yono Hadipramono, Dr., Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Yulkifli, Dr., Padang State University, Indonesia
Technical Program Committee
Prof. Khairurrijal (Bandung Institute of Technology)
Prof. Mitra Djamal (Indonesia Physics Society)
Dr. Ford Lumban Gaol (Bina Nusantara Univ.)
Dr.-Eng. Didik R. Santosa (Brawijaya University)
Dr. Cuk Imawan (University of Indonesia)
Dr. Melania Suweni Muntini (Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology)
iii
PREFACE
On behalf of the Organizing Committee of The 2016 International Seminar on Sensors, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology, it is a great honor and pleasure to welcome you to the conference. The conference will be held in Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, from 10th to 11th August 2016.
ISSIMM 2016 is jointly organized by Brawijaya University (UB), Gadjah Mada University (UGM), Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Indonesia University (UI) and Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology (ITS). It is supported by Indonesian Physical Society (IPS), Instrumentation and Metrology (Puslit KIM-LIPI) and sponsored by IEEE Indonesia Section. The conference is a fusion of “International Conference on Sensor, Sensor System and Actuator (ICSSSA)” and “International Seminar on Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology."
The conference is for the exchange of information, research, and development in the fields of Sensor, Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology. We hope that the ISSIMM 2016 also creates an opportunity for scientist, engineer, practitioners, students in the fields to meet and make a contact with new peers and colleagues in the fields. The Organizing Committee are doing all efforts to ensure a successful conference. We also hope you enjoy Malang with its beautiful climate, hospitality, and its historic places. Malang is surrounded by active volcanoes, i.e. mount Bromo, Semeru, Welirang and Arjuno. In a clear weather, you can see the volcanoes in the morning from where you stay in Malang.
I cordially invite all of you to join the conference, take the chance to meet with colleagues in the fields and share your research result and knowledge at ISSIMM 2016. We wish you all have a good
experience, friendships and memories on this conference. We wish to meet you again in the next ISSIMM conference.
The organizing committee would like to deeply thanks to the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Physics of the Brawijaya University and Advanced System and Material
Technology Research Centre (ASMAT) for
sponsoring and supporting this conference.
Malang, August 2016
Setyawan P. Sakti (Chairman of ISSIMM 2016)
iv degrees in Nuclear Engineering from University of Tokyo. He is a professor in Department of Engineering and Design, Shibaura Institute of Technology. His current interest includes nano- and micromanufacturing, plasma processing, high dense nanotechnology, and surface design engineering.
Prof. Jakrapong Kaewkhao
NRPU, Thailand
Prof. Jakrapong Kaewkhao received Ph.D. degree in physics from King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thailand, in 2008. He attended a postdoctoral short course research of an X-rays induced luminescence study in glasses, supervised by Prof. HongJoo Kim, at KyungPook National University (KNU), Korea, in 2012. In the same year, he has been awarded as the best alumni of Silpakorn University, Thailand. Through his academic career, his research interests involve glass scintillators, photonic
glasses, color glasses, radiation shielding glasses (gamma and neutron), gemstone enhancements, and imitation jewelry from glasses. His research on imitation jewelry from glasses has been awarded by several national organizations, e.g., Thailand Research Fund (TRF), National Innovation Agency (NIA), The Science Society of Thailand (SST), and National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT). His recent work focuses on the development of imitation of color-changed gemstone for ornament products, and has recently been awarded by National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) in 2015. This project has also been awarded the Best Innovation Awards by the 43rd International Exhibition of Innovation of Geneva, Switzerland, and the Medaille D’Argent Silver Medal Silbermadaille in 2015.
Prof. Gereon elbers
FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences
v Prof. Mohd Fu'aad bin Rahmat
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Prof. Mohd Fu'aad bin Rahmat received Bachelor of Electical Engineering degree in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, in 1989. In 1993 he received Master of Science degree in control system engineering from University of Sheffield, England. In 1996 he received PhD degree in electronic instrumentation engineering from Sheffield Hallam University, England. He got Hinckley Prize for Outstanding Academic Achievement in the field of Engineering in 1997. In 2011, he got the title of professor. His field of specialization in control is system identification and estimation, controller design and process control instrumentation. In instrumentation, he has specialization for process tomography, flow measurement and sensor design.
Prof. Tossawat Seetawan
Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research Development Institute, Sakon Nakhon Rajabath University
([email protected]) Prof Tossawat Seetawan received his Ph.D. in Physics. In 2011, he has been awarded “Outstanding National Research Award” in recognition of his research in thermoeletric entitled “Thermoelectric Generator by Using Raw Materials in Thailand”. His expertises are in the area of thermal properties, thermoelectric,
conductivity and material characterization. At present he is Associate Dean Faculty of Science and Technology, chief of Centere of Excellence on Alternative Energy and Chief of Thermoelectric Research Centre at Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat Univeristy, Thailand and President of Thai Thermoelectric Society.
Dr. Mego Pinandito, M.Eng
Director of Research Center for Metrology LIPI
vi
vii
FLOOR PLANS
viii
FLOOR PLANS
1
PROGRAMME
August 09, 2016
Date & Time Location Event
12:00 - 16:00 1st Floor, MIPA Center Registration & Seminar Kit
August 10, 2016
07:30 - 08:00 1st Floor, MIPA Center Registration & Seminar Kit
08:00 - 08.15 Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
Opening ceremony
08:15 - 09:00 Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
Keynote Speaker: Prof. Tatsuhiko Aizawa
09:00 - 09:45 Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
Invited Speaker I: Prof. Jakrapong Kaewkhao
09:45 - 10:00 Coffee break
10:00 - 10:45 Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
Invited Speaker II: Prof. Gereon Elbers
10:45 - 11:30 Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
Invited Speaker III: Prof. Mohd F. Rahmat
11:30 - 12:30 Lunch
12:30 - 13:00 Main Conference
Room & MC 2.6
Invited Speaker IV & V:
Prof.Tossawat Seetawan &
08:00 - 11:00 Main Conference
Room, MIPA Center
Instrumentation, Measurement & Sensor open Discussion.
Prof. Jazi Eko Istiyanto (Nuclear Energy Regulatory Agency)
Prof. Mitra Jamal (Indonesia Physics Society)
Page | 61
SP01
Design Instrumentation Amplifier (IA) as PreAmp on ECG with 0,35µm
CMOS Technology
Yulisdin Mukhlis
1,a, Dyah Nur'ainingsih
1,band Veronica
3,c1Gunadarma University, Jl. Margonda Raya no 100 Depok, Indonesia a[email protected], b[email protected],
Keywords: gain, Op-Amp, PreAmp, ECG
ABSTRACT. The heartbeat has a frequency from 0.1 Hz to 150 Hz. The electrical signal which is resulted from the heartbeat has amplitude of 100μV - 100 mV. In order that the amplitude can be sampled by the ADC, it must be amplified 100 times, thus amplitude amplifier about 60dB it is required. In this research, the researcher designs a System on Chip ECG based on Einthoven method which has 3 Leads, so amplitude can be amplified based on the different voltage of each Lead. Differential amplifier is an initial amplifier that will amplify the difference of two inputs of voltage. Differential amplifier is designed using 3 operational amplifiers (op-amp). Op-Amp A1 and Op-Amp A2 are used for detecting and sampling the difference of two input levels. The function of Amp A3 is to amplify the difference results of the sampled input level. Op-Amp A1, Op-Op-Amp A2 and Op-Amp A3 are designed with offset voltage of Vos ≈ 0V, Open Loop Gain ≈ 54 dB, Phase Margin ≈ 600 and Unity Gain Bandwidth ≈ 154.8 MHz. Method of the research is design and simulation using 0.35 micro Mentor Graphics technology. Result of the research is a layout of PreAmp for System on Chip ECG with gain of 62.4 dB and 0.034 mm2 area.
Figure 1. Block diagram of research
References
[1] J. Kolczyński, “Design of Operational Amplifier with Low Power Consumption in 0,35µmTechnology” 14th International Conference Mixdes 2007 Ciechocinek, Poland, 21-23 June 2007.
[2] T. Raj Kumar, M. Ganga Ram and M. Maheshwar, “A New High Performance CMOS Differential Amplifier”, International Journal of Electronic Engineering Research, Vol 1 No 2 pp. 147-154, 2009. [3] R. Jacob Baker, “CMOS Circuit Design, Layout and Simulation” 3rd Edition IEEE Press, Wiley
pub1998, New Jersey, pp. 711-738.
[4] K. A. Ng and P. K. Chan, “A CMOS Analog Front End IC for portable ECG/EEG monitoring Application”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and System, 52(11):2335-2347.
on ECG With 0,35 CMOS Technology
Hz. The electrical signal which is resulted from the heartbeat has amplitude of 100μV - 4 mV. In order that the amplitude can be Differential amplifier is an initial amplifier that will amplify the difference of two inputs of voltage. Differential amplifier is designed using 3 operational amplifiers (op-amp). Op-Amp A1 and Op-Amp A2 are used for detecting and sampling the difference of two input levels. The function of Op-Amp A3 is to amplify the difference results of the sampled input level. Op-Amp A1, Op-Amp A2 and Op-Amp A3 are designed with offset voltage of Vos ≈ 0V, Open Loop Gain ≈ 66.42 dB, Phase Margin ≈ 400 and Unity Gain Bandwidth ≈ 160.7MHz. Method of the research is design and simulation using 0.35 micro Mentor Graphics technology. Result of the research is a layout of PreAmp for System on Chip ECG with gain of 62.4 dB and 0.034 mm2 area.Keywords—OpAmp; PreAmp; ECG
I. INTRODUCTION
Electrocardiograph (ECG) is a medical device that is used to measure the electrical activity of the heart. The method used is measuring the biopotential difference on every Lead. ECG signal is an AC signal with a bandwidth from 0.1 Hz to 150 Hz and amplitude of 100 uV up to 4 mV [1,2] .
The amplitude signal will be amplified to 60 dB (AV≈ 100 times) by the Pre Amp (IA) so that it can be processed by the ADC.
The main components of the IA are three pieces of OpAmp (A1, A2 and A3). OpAmp A1 and OpAmp A2 are used for detecting and sampling the voltage difference between the two Leads. The function of OpAmp A3 as a buffer. Amplification of amplifier is determined by the value of Rgain.
Fig 1. Block diagram of Research
The Instrumentation Amplifier as PreAmp ECG must have of several requirements as follows [3.4].
Have a high input impedance (Differential > 2.5 Mohm and common-mode > 100 Mohm).
High CMRR so that have ability to reduce the noise (CMRR > 80 dB).
Assuming R1 = R2 and R3 = R4, the amount ofdifferential can be determined:
The differential is a lot of influencedby the value of Rgain.
II. TRANSCONDUCTANCE CMOSOP AMP (OTA)
Function of op-amp on IA is used on sampling of differential voltages and buffer process. Op-amp requirements and specifications on ADC are [5,6,7]:
Frequency Unity (ƒu) ≥ 0,22(N + 1) ƒclock.
Fig. 2 is op-amp OTA circuits. Differential gain (M1-4) provides two inputs, inverting and non inverting, which cause noise and offset. High gain (M9-7) is almost similiar to not gate if opamp drives low loads, then it is followed by buffer stage, and current M5 (IM5) resulted from current mirror circuits.
Fig 2. Diagram block of OTA Circuit
Idealop-amp has several characteristics namely unlimited open loop mode gain (AoL..), close loop mode gain = 1, unlimited input impedance, value of output impedance is nearly 0, unlimited gain of bandwidth, value of Vout=Av (V+V-), with Av used on design for open loop mode gain.
All oop-amps have restriction on its operating voltage range. CMIR limit (common input mode range) is border range scale of each op-amp input. Beyond the limit, it will cause cause output distortion or truncated.
5 source towards control current, e.g. Iref = Iout.
In fig 2, op-amp of 2 transconductance stages can be
= parameter of channel length modulation
Fig 3. Schematic of CMOS OTA
III. INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER
A2
The testing simulation uses CATsoftware mentor graphicsAMS technology 0,35μm. The testing is focused on the characteristics of the op-amp circuit applied into the ECG. 1. DC Offset (Vos) and Output Swing (OS).
The Op Amp of OTAis giventhe power supply DC 3.3 V and - 3.3 V. The results of the simulation as in figure 5.
Fig 5. Characteristic of Vos and Output Swing On the figure above, it is obtained that the value of voltage output swing (OS) with OS + = 2,87V and OS = -3,19V. And the offset voltage approaches 0V where the meeting point (0,0) is equal to 0,0008V.
2. CMR with Input AC
The testing of CMR using of level input AC is shown in Figure 6 below.
Fig 6. The result of testing CMR
The results of simulation obtained the value of CMR = + 2.673V and - 3V. There is a shift of the graph from the results of the calculation, which means there is value of W / L thatcan be lowered again. Factors shift from the ideal value can be attributed to the influence of in capacitor and the value of Kn, Kp is variable.
3. Testing of Slew Rate, AoL and Phase Margin
The testing of Slew rate are shown as follows:
Fig 7. The Simulation Result of Slew Rate
The result of SR obtained shows that there is difference between calculation and simulation. SR calculation = 289.86V / μS and SR simulation = 130.34 V / μS. Settling time is 14nS for 1%.
Fig 8. Simulation of AoL and PM
with the characteristic of ECG.
Fig 9. Simulation of IA with sinusoidal input
Input V + and V- is a sinusoidal voltage with delay V = 100 μs. The simulation results obtained of differential AV ≈ 62.4 dB.
Fig 10. Simulation of IA with input PWL ECG
The method of simulation is given V+ input PWL ECG normal, while V- given input inverse of V+. To avoid the negative level, added to the DC bias of 0.24 mA so thatoccura phase shift toward the positive level. It aims to PWL ECG signal can be sample perfectly to the ADC.
C. Layout IA as a PreAmp
Pre Amp layout consists of 3 layouts of Op Amp and 7 Resistor as shown in the fig 11. Size of layout is 0.034 mm2.
V. CONCLUSION
The minimum requirements of differential Pre Amp for differential the ECG signal is 60 dB. The result of simulationshowsthe differential Pre Amp 62.4 dB. These results are ideal. If the enlarged differential, noise also increases. Output IA added DC bias of 0,24 mA. DC bias is used like a phase shifting toward a positive level; so that the rule of minimum sampling is1 LSB in ADC is full field. The resulting of size layout is 0.034 mm2.
References
[1] S. Y. Lee and C.J. Cheng, “Systematic design and modeling of a ota-c filter for ecg detection,”IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and System, Vol 3, 2009, pp 53-64
[2] K.A.Ng and P.K.Chan, “A CMOS Analog front end IC for portable
ECG/EEG Monitoring Application”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and
System, 52(11):2335-2347.
[3] T. Kugelstadt, “Getting the most out of Instrumentation Amplifier
design”, Analog Application Journal, 2005, 18(12), pp 25-30.
[4] H. Wu and Y.P. Xu, “A low voltage low noise cmos intrumentation
amplifier for portable medical monitoring system”, IEEE-NEWCAS, pp 295-298. Mixdes 2007 Ciechocinek, Poland, 21-23 June 2007.
[7] Mukhlis. Yulisdin, et al, ” Design ADC Single Slope Embedded For
ECG Application With CMOS 0,35µ Technology”, 2013 IEEE
International Conference on Electronics Technology and Industrial Development, Bali, Oct 23-24, 2013.
[8] T. Raj Kumar, M. Ganga Ram and M. Maheshwar, “A new high performance CMOS differential amplifier”, International Journal of Electronic Engineering Research, Vol 1 no 2, 2009, pp 147-154.
