User Experience, Usability, and Interaction Design

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[email protected]

Sunu Wibirama

[email protected]

Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Faculty of Engineering

Universitas Gadjah Mada INDONESIA

User Experience, Usability, and Interaction Design

Version: 18 August 2021

Week 01

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❑ 2008–now : Faculty memberin the Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

❑ 2015 : Post-doctoral researcherin Tampere Unit for

Computer-Human Interaction, Tampere University, Finland

❑ 2016–2019 : Visiting research fellowin Anadolu University Turkey,

Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan, and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia

❑ 2018–now : Section Editor-in-ChiefASEAN Engineering Journal (AEJ)–Computer and Information Engineering (ASEAN University Network, JICA, and UTM - indexed by Scopus and ASEAN Citation Index )

❑ 2019–now. : Chair, IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Indonesia Chapter

❑ 2014 Dr.Eng. Science and Technology Tokai University, Tokyo, Japan

❑ 2010 M.Eng. Electronics Engineering KMITL, Bangkok, Thailand

❑ 2007 B.Eng. Electrical Engineering UGM, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

q Human-computer interaction / touchless technology q Eye tracking applications and eye movements analysis q Virtual reality and human factors

q Applied artificial intelligence

Dr. Sunu Wibirama

Education Positions

Interests

sunu_wibirama

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User Experience

So many people talk about user experience (UX) But, what is UX ?

(Magain & Chambers, 2014)

3 The User Experience

How a product behaves and is used by people in the real world

the way people feel about it and their pleasure and satisfaction when using it, looking at it, holding it, and opening or closing it

“every product that is used by someone has a user experience: newspapers, ketchup bottles, reclining armchairs, cardigan sweaters.” (Garrett, 2010)

“all aspects of the end-user's interaction with the company, its services, and its products. (Nielsen and Norman, 2014)

Cannot design a user experience, only design

for a good user experience

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User Interface vs. User Experience

User Interface User Experience

UI is the bottle UX is not having to think about the bottle

UI is normally visual / tangible element

UX is non-tangible element (sometimes non-visual also)

UI serves as first impression of marketing

UX sustains the use of the product

UI can be designed with or without consideration of who

the users will be

To get a good UX, UI should be designed with consideration

of who the users will be

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UI focuses on product’s functionalities UX focuses on how user perceives

those functionalities

@jagdishahire

User Interface vs. User Experience

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7 Your common problem with USB connector

You have to see the USB, which side you should plug it vertically ?

MicroUSB is a little bit smarter!

www.baddesigns.com

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Bad Vending Machine

www.baddesigns.com

• Need to push button first to activate reader

• Normally insert bill first before making selection

• Contravenes well known convention

9 Common problem in your daily cooking activity

How can you know

that you must refill the LNG?

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TiVo Remote Control

11 Good Design : TiVo Remote

• Why is the TiVo remote so much better designed than standard remote controls?

– Peanut shaped to fit in hand

– Logical layout and color-coded, distinctive buttons

– Easy to locate buttons

Resource:

http://gizmodo.com/5017972/story-of-a-peanut-the-tivo-remotes-untold-past-present-and-future

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Why was the iPod user experience such a success?

• Quality user experience from the start.

• Simple, elegant, distinct brand, pleasurable, must have fashion item, catchy names, and cool.

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What to Design

• Need to take into account:

– Who the users are

– What activities are being carried out

– Where the interaction is taking place

• Need to optimize the interactions users have with a product:

– So that they match the users’ activities and needs

Visually pleasing product doesn’t always satisfy users’ need

15 Understanding Users’ Needs

• Need to take into account what people are good and bad at

• Consider what might help people in the way they currently do things

• Think through what might provide quality user experiences

• Listen to what people want and get them involved

• Use tried and tested user-centered methods

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User experience goals

Improving desirable aspects

satisfying helpful fun

enjoyable motivating provocative

engaging challenging surprising

pleasurable enhancing sociability rewarding

exciting supporting creativity emotionally fulfilling entertaining cognitively stimulating

Removing undesirable aspects

boring unpleasant

frustrating patronizing

making one feel guilty making one feel stupid

annoying cutesy

childish gimmicky

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Usability

Wait….what?

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What is usability?

19 Usability goals

Effective to use Efficient to use Safe to use Have good utility Easy to learn

Easy to remember how to use

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Usability and user experience goals

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Selecting terms to convey a person’s feelings, emotions can help designers understand the multifaceted nature of the user experience

•

How do usability goals differ from user experience goals?

•

Are there trade-offs between the two kinds of goals, e.g. can a product be both fun and safe?

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How easy is it to measure usability versus user experience goals?

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Interaction Design

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What is interaction design?

• “Designing interactive products to support the way people communicate and interact in their everyday and working lives.” -- Preece, Sharp and Rogers (2015)

• “The design of spaces for human communication and interaction.” -- Winograd (1997).

• Interaction design is the part of the overall user

experience that deals with the connection of a system and its user.

• An interaction designer would be more focused on

how the system and user interact with each other

https://www.invisionapp.com/design-defined/interaction-design/

23 IxD vs. UXD

• An interaction designer (IxD) defines the structure and behavior of

interactive systems to create meaningful relationships between people and the products they use.

• A user experience designer (UXD)

focuses on the entire experience

between a user and the product, not

just the interactions. A UX designer is

also striving to create meaningful

experiences with people and the

products they use.

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If both UX designers and Interaction designers were working together on Siri, Alexa, or Cortana, they would both be interested in how the system interacts with a user. But an interaction designer would be focused on the voice itself:

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What kind of tone does the assistant have? Happy, sad, serious, quirky?

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What is the voice of the assistant? Feminine, masculine, robotic?

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How do you address or talk to the assistant?

•

Does it have a name?

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How does it respond to answers?

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Does it take sides or is it unbiased?

•

Are a user’s interactions purely voice-based or is there an on-screen component, too?

•

When things go wrong, what happens?

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Can the device answer a user without an active internet connection?

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Does this assistant identify itself as an AI to new users?

What interaction designer asks during

a project

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A user experience designer on the same project would be focused on similar but more widespread issues:

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What is the form factor of the device?

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How does a user set it up?

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Is there a set of instructions in the box?

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Does it have a companion app?

•

Is there a status indicator on the device?

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Are there buttons to interact with?

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Is there a screen?

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What happens if a user can’t set up the device properly?

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What happens without an active internet connection?

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Can this device pair via wireless and bluetooth?

•

What does this device look like in the space that it lives in?

What UX designer

asks during a project

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Dimensions and teams

Dimensions of interaction design:

Words

Visual representations Time

Physical objects/space Behavior

Multidisciplinary teams:

Many people from different backgrounds involved Different perspectives and ways of seeing and talking about things

Benefits: more ideas and designs generated

Disadvantages: difficult to communicate and progress forward the designs being create

27 Conclusion

User experience (UX): the way people feel about it and their pleasure and satisfaction when using it, looking at it, holding it, and opening or closing it

Usability: the way a product is useful to the people while helping people achieving their goals in efficient and effective manners.

Interaction design (ID): concerned with designing interactive products to support the way people communicate and interact in their everyday and working lives