AVOIDING
PLAGIARISM
Academic Writing
Universitas Indraprasta PGRI
Writing a research paper poses challenges in gathering literature and providing evidence for making your paper stronger. Drawing upon previously established ideas and values and adding pertinent information in your paper are necessary steps, but these need to be done with caution without falling into the trap of plagiarism.
INTRODUCTION
Plagiarism is the unethical
practice of using words or ideas (either planned or accidental) of
another author/researcher or your own previous works without
proper acknowledgment.
Considered as a serious academic and intellectual offense, plagiarism can result in highly negative
consequences such as paper retractions and loss of author credibility and reputation.
WHAT IS PLAGIARISM?
AVOIDING PLAGIARISM IN A RESEARCH PAPER?
Do not copy–paste the text verbatim from the
reference paper. Instead,
restate the idea in your own words using effective
paraphrasing techniques.
Understand the idea(s) of the reference source well in order to paraphrase
correctly.
Use quotes to indicate that the text has been taken from
another paper. The quotes
should be exactly the way they appear in the paper you take them from.
Paraphrase your content Use quotations
AVOIDING PLAGIARISM IN A RESEARCH PAPER?
Any words or ideas that are not your own but taken
from another paper need to be cited.
Maintain records of the sources you refer to. Use citation software like
EndNote or Reference Manager to manage the
citations used for the paper
You can use various plagiarism detection tools such as
iThenticate or HelioBLAST
(formerly eTBLAST) to see how much of your paper is
plagiarized.
Cite your Sources Use plagiarism checkers
CITE YOUR SOURCES
Decide your citation style, such as APA 7th ed. style, vancouver, IEEE, or others.
Paraphrase your
sources due to your decided style.
Quote your sources when you reproduce an exact definition.
Citation Style Paraphrasing Quotation
PARAPHRASES
A paraphrase restates another’s idea (or your own previously published idea) in your own words. Paraphrasing allows you to
summarize and synthesize information from one or more sources, focus on significant information, and compare and contrast
relevant details.
Published authors paraphrase their sources most of the time,
rather than directly quoting the sources; student authors should emulate this practice by paraphrasing more than directly quoting.
When you paraphrase, cite the original work using either the narrative or parenthetical citation format.
Velez et al. (2018) found that for
women of color, sexism and racism in the workplace were associated with poor work and mental health outcomes, including job-related burnout, turnover intentions, and psychological distress. However, self-esteem, person–organization fit, and perceived organizational support mediated these effects.
EXAMPLE EXAMPLE
Falsely balanced news coverage
can distort the public’s perception of expert consensus on an issue (Koehler, 2016).
PARANTHETICAL CITATION (INDIRECT CITATION)
NARRATIVE CITATION
(DIRECT CITATION)
QUOTATIONS
A direct quotation reproduces words verbatim from another work or from your own previously published work. It is best to
paraphrase sources rather than directly quoting them because paraphrasing allows you to fit material to the context of your paper and writing style.
For quotations of fewer than 40 words, add quotation marks
around the words and incorporate the quote into your own text—
there is no additional formatting needed.
Format quotations of 40 words or more as block quotations: do not use quotation marks to enclose a block quotation.
Researchers have studied how people talk to themselves:
Inner speech is a paradoxical phenomenon.
It is an experience that is central to many people’s everyday lives, and yet it presents considerable challenges to any effort to study it scientifically. Nevertheless, a wide range of methodologies and approaches have combined to shed light on the subjective experience of inner speech and its cognitive and neural underpinnings.
(Alderson-Day & Fernyhough, 2015, p. 957)
EXAMPLE EXAMPLE
Effective teams can be difficult to describe because “high
performance along one domain does not translate to high
performance along another” (Ervin et al., 2018, p. 470).
SHORT QUOTATION
(FEWER THAN 40 WORDS)
BLOCK QUOTATION
(40 WORDS OR MORE)
EXERCISES
Based on your previous assignment, write down your citations in the following formats:
Paraphrase your sources into a direct and an indirect citations.
Quote your sources in a short and block quotations.
THANK YOU
Academic Writing
Universitas Indraprasta PGRI
