20 Wilda Zaki Alhamidi et al., “The Indirectness of Prophet Muhammad's Directives in Hadith. 21Wilda Zaki Alhamidi et al., “The Indirectness of Directive Speech by Prophet Muhammad in The Hadith of Bukhari”, International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation (IJLLT), Literature International Sebelas Maret University Conference (Ellic) Proceedings, p.
Statement of the Problems
The researcher believes that it is important to study directing and expressive actions to influence the listener in every conversation. By studying directive and expressive actions, we can know how to properly communicate and understand the intent or purpose so that the goal of communication can be achieved.
Research Focus
Illocutionary acts find conversation not only in daily life, but also in dialogues of the novel or movie. The researcher is therefore interested in analyzing the type of illocutionary acts based on Searle's theory in the novel 'She Wore Red Trainers'.
Objectives of the Study
So anyone who hears or reads can grasp the purpose of communication quickly and accurately.
Significances of the Study
The researcher intends to encourage the future researchers to conduct a study related to the pragmatic field, especially focusing on the topic about speech acts used in a daily communication. The researcher hopes that this writing will be a supporter or frame of mind or the starting point for the other researchers to find out what is the best of the study.
Limitation of Research
Future researchers can use this research as a reference that can discover useful theories or knowledge about speech acts and use them in a communication, to help them in developing their studies.
Previous Research Findings
The following study was written by Harun Joko Prayitno entitled “Politeness of Directive Speech Acts on Social Media Discourse and Its Implications for Strengthening Student Character Education in the Era of Global Education”. The researcher's goal of this study is to investigate forms of directive speech acts, identify politeness strategies for directive speech acts; and formulate the implications of the politeness strategies that drive the speech acts of #sahkanRUUPKS social media comments on students' character formation in the era of global computer communications. The results of this study showed that there were four types of illocutionary acts; representatives, directives, commissives and expressives.
Research Methods
- Research Approach and Design
- Data and Source Of Data a. Research Data
- Data Collection Technique
- Data Analysis Techniques
- Organizations of the Study
This motivated the researcher in analyzing directive and expressive actions in the religious novel. The researcher uses the following codes to identify the types of directive and expressive actions.
Speech Acts
Searle develops the theory of speech acts by publishing a book “Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language”. Searle states that speech acts can take place directly or indirectly.
Illocutionary Acts
Like the voters of Austin, representatives have a truth value: they tie the speaker to something that is the case, to the truth of the statement expressed. The illocutionary point of directives is that "they are attempts by the speaker to get the hearer to do something."53 The direction of agreement is world-to-words and the condition of sincerity is need (or wish or desire). 54 The propositional content is always that the.
Directive Acts
As a result, if the speaker asks listener to do anything, listener has the option to refuse as part of the speech act. In contrast, if speaker orders listener to do anything, the speaker is more imperative and gives listener no other choice in speaker's speech act. The purpose of a request is to get the listener to do something when the speaker is confident that the hearer will be able to perform the requested action.73 A request can be granted or denied at the discretion of the hearer.
The only difference between a request and direct is that the speaker in the subject allows the hearer to refuse to perform the future action indicated by the predicate. The function of this type is to give commands or instructions.74 When a task is assigned by the speaker to the hearer, command is a type of directive action delivered in the form of an order.75 Command means a sentence that has no grammatical subject. The speaker used this type of directive action when trying to prevent the listener from performing an action that focuses on the speaker's utterance.77.
Suggestives are statements made by the speaker to convey assumptions from the speaker to the hearer about an opinion that should or should not be made by the hearer.79 A suggestion is an attempt by the speaker to offer the hearer an alternative method of performing a task. . .80 The function of this type is to give the hearer people's opinions about how the command should act.
She Wore Red Trainers Novel 1. Definition of Novel
Kinds of Novels
In this type of novel, the author's narrative is set in another time and place, with marked attention to historical accuracy.89 This novel originates from real life in the past, although the characters are fictional characters. The book focuses on activities that take place in the community and on the character as well as on the community. It is also called a novel of sensibility or sentimentality, which was popular in Europe in the late 18th century.
An example of this type of novel is Thrall and Hibbard, Richardson's Pamela, or Thunderstorm License (1740). The psychological novel is a work of fiction that highlights the aspects of the feelings, thoughts, and motivations of the characters in the story more than the actions of the external story.92 Psychological novels are realistic fiction. An epistolary novel is therefore the type of novel whose story is told in the form of letters written primarily by the important characters in the novel.94 The epistolary novel is the literary genre that deals with letters, where writers use letters and diaries. , articles, diaries, to tell their stories.
Anti-novel is literature in which the author nullifies the use of novel structure in the traditional sense, especially in the development of the grooves.
She Wore Red Trainers Novel
I'm not sure honey,” I replied, but if we don't hurry, you're going to be late for madrasa. Son, I sincerely hope you don't go off track when you're on break. Well, you are no longer a child, Amirah.'
I mean all this stuff – sports and that – is great, but you need more deen. Why don't you have any classes for the boys, something that would really benefit them. We haven't gone out together, just the two of us, in ages - and I miss it.
Some kids are like that, son," "You try your best for them, but in the end they have to do it themselves. Believe me, Umar, I would give anything to spare you this uncertainty - but I cannot take your journey for you. I'm sure she's changed since we were kids, and if you're going to marry someone, make sure she's the one.'
Discussion
- D22/SWRT/Comd
- D2/SWRT/Comd
- D5/SWRT/Req
- D1/SWRT/Req
- D1/SWRT/Forb
- D4/SWRT/Forb
- D1/SWRT/Sugg
- D2/SWRT/Sugg
- D1/SWRT/Ask
- D8/SWRT/Ask
- Expressive Acts
The dialogue context on D2/SWRT/Comd code shows a scene in Amirah's house. Based on the above statement, Ali asked Nana to talk next week when they meet at Ali's house. The directional action in this conversation can be identified from the utterance “Do you think we could make pancakes today?” said Jamal.
Based on the above explanation, the utterance is of the directive action type, especially requesting. The context of the dialogue about the code D4/SWRT/Forb shows Amirah and Taymeeyah's conversations in the dining room. The context of the dialogue about the code D1/SWRT/Sugg shows the conversation between Amirah and Yasmin.
The context of the dialogue on the code D1/SWRT/Ask shows the conversations between Ali and Amirah in the summer school.
Findings
Greeting is something friendly or polite that someone said or did when she/he met or welcomed someone.111 The greeting is an expression that shows a polite attitude, assuming that the speaker has just met the hearer.112 There can also be said that greeting is something that people say or do to greet someone and have a message of good wishes for someone else's happiness or health.113.
Discussions
- D1/SWRT/Apg
- D3/SWRT/Apg
- D1/SWRT/Th
- D2/SWRT/Th
- D4/SWRT/Gree
- D1/SWRT/Gree
The context of the dialogue about the code D1/SWRT/Apg shows the conversation between Amirah and Zayd (Amirah's big brother). The context of the dialogue about code D3/SWRT/Apg shows the conversation between Hassan and Amirah. The context of the dialogue about code D1/SWRT/Th shows Amirah's expression of gratitude for Ali.
The context of the dialogue on code D2/SWRT/Th shows Amira saying thanks for her mother. The speech situation is described when Amirah thanked her mother because she praised Amirah's beautiful paintings. The dialogue context on the code D4/SWRT/Gree shows the conversation between Ali and Zayd.
The context of the dialogue on the code D1/SWRT/Gree shows the conversation between Ali and Amirah.
CLOSING
- Suggestion
- Cover of She Wore Red Trainers Novel By Naima B. Robert
- Synopsis of She Wore Red Trainers Novel By Naima B. Robert
- The Characters in The Novel She Wore Red Trainers By Naima B. Robert
The Indirectness of Directive Speech by Prophet Mohammad in The Hadith of Bukhari, International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation (IJLLT), Literature International Sebelas Maret University Conference (Ellic): 2019. Illocutionary Acts in Religious Discourse: The Pragmatics of Nouman Ali Khanovi govori. Langkawi: Journal of The Association for Arabic and English 6, št. Strategija vljudnosti direktivnih ilokucijskih dejanj Oprah Winfrey v oddaji Oprah Winfrey.« Univerza Brawijaya, 2013.
The novel "She Wore Red Trainers" tells the lives of the two main actors from their respective perspectives. At the beginning of the story, his mother is said to be dead, so Ali lives only with his desperate father. In London they live in the house of their father's friend Jamal and his wife Usamah.
At the end of the story, they got married before finally going to Medina together.