Some affixes must be added at the beginning of the word, these are called prefixes.13 Other affixes must be added. While most of the loanwords are nouns, only some of them are verbs or adjectives.
Concept of English Derivation
This chapter will deal with how adjectives can be derived from nouns, nouns from verbs and so on (this will be explained in the next assignment). Here are some suffixes used to derive nouns from adjectives and verbs. a) Noun derived from adjective.
Concepts of Novel a. Definition of Novel
If this were true, it would be an unusual word class, where all its members are derived.50. Each novel is unique, but for each there will be a writer, of a certain gender and age, who lived or lives in a certain time and place. This individual has ideas and attitudes towards life which will be expressed in the novel because she or he wrote it.
A novel is written in a language structured into sentences, paragraphs and (probably) chapters.54 Nugriyantoro stated that prose in literature is called fiction or narrative text. Fiction here means an untrue story or an imaginary story.55 While a novel is a work of fiction that offers a world, a world created by the author, an imaginary world built by many kinds of internal elements such as event, plot, character, environment, point of view and so on that everything is imaginative.56. Based on the above explanation, it can be concluded that novel and prose are similar.
The novel has a kind of intrinsic element that even plot, character (actor), qualities of actor, and point of view.
Popular Novel
Serious Novel
The love problem was also often adapted into a serious novel, but it is not the one important and interesting problem to be told, because the life problem is not only about love story, but also about social relations, theology and so on.59 In addition, serious. novel in the wrong way, that is, as a document or a case history, as that which, for its own purposes of illusion, sometimes professes to be a confession, a true story, a story of a life and a time.60 Based on the above description of the novel Every Silence has a Story is categorized as serious as there are various things such as Every Silence has a Story must be read with a high concentration to be able to easily understand it which is also a love scene but not quite, and a much moral value can be gleaned from Every Silence has a history of education, social and romance that can be beneficial.
Previous Study
Second, the results of data analysis clearly show that most passives are marked by the attachment of both prefix di- (di- + verb base and di- + verb base + suffix) and prefix ter- (ter- + verb and ter- + adjective/noun) which is also translated into passive in English (be+ past participle) + stated or implied agent per phrase and the rest is translated into active. This clearly shows that some passives are preserved in SL, namely in English they are translated into passive and some others are translated into active. Dissertation: Contrastive Analysis on English and Indonesian Prefixes and Suffixes in the Narrative Texts of Students' Textbooks for High School. English Department of Education English Faculty State Islamic Studies Institute (STAIN) Salatiga.62 The conclusions of this research are: (1) English prefixes that mostly appear in the narrative text of students' textbooks for senior high school are negation prefixes, and the suffixes are nominal suffixes and adjectival suffixes.(2).
Durdurii Indooneezhiyaa barreeffama seeneffamaa barreeffamoota barattoota sadarkaa lammaffaa keessatti baay’inaan argaman durdurii gocha uumu yoo ta’u, fufiin immoo xumura maqaa uumudha. Sana booda, gosoonni xumuraa walfakkaatan Ingiliffaa fi Indooneezhiyaa lamaan isaanii iyyuu xumura maqaa, gocha fi maqibsa uumuu danda’u qabu. 62 Dina Fitria Amalia, "Xiinxala Faallaa Durdurii fi Fuftoota Ingiliffaa fi Indooneeshiyaa Barreeffamoota seeneffama Barreeffamoota Barattoota Mana Barumsaa Sadarkaa Lammaffaa keessatti", (Thesis, STAIN, Salatiga, 2013), 77. lakkoofsa fi gaaffilee uumuun, akkasumas Afaan Ingiliffaa keessatti fuftoonni gosoota kana hin qaban.
In this case, the researcher constructed different patterns of English derivation and Indonesian derivation in the novel 'Every Silence has a Story' and its translation 'Cerita Dalam Keheningan' by Zara Zettira ZR.
Research Methodology a. Research Approach
Based on the above research conclusion, the researcher takes the different focus on word formation, especially in derivation. In this study, the researcher conducted library research, the type of this research is descriptive research with qualitative approach method and morphosyntax study. Based on the explanation above, the researcher concluded that qualitative research is research that is used to investigate in natural object state, and its result gives more importance to significance than generalization.
In descriptive research, the researcher worked hard to solve the problems based on the data, and then the researcher provided, analyzed and interpreted the data. Based on the above statements, the researcher conducts qualitative descriptive studies, staying close to his data and word surface and. With this qualitative descriptive, the researcher can systematically and effectively solve many problems about the facts and characteristics of popularity, not only in real life but also in literature.
Data also includes what others have created and the researcher finds, such as diaries, photographs, official documents and newspaper articles.73 Whereas, source is place or thing from which something is obtained or where something starts.
Primary Data Source
The term data refers to the raw materials researchers collect from the world they study; they are the details that form the basis of the analysis.72 Data include materials that the people doing the research actively record, such as interview transcripts and participant observation field notes. Based on that explanation, it can be concluded that the data source is materials that the researcher has obtained from the basis of analysis, where and when the research started. In other words, primary source is the most important source used by the researcher to analyze data.
Sugiyono stated that primary data source is a data source that provides data to the researcher directly.75 This source is a direct description of reality by people who make observations or witnessed the event, or by people who proposed the first theory.76 In educational research, the description of a study is analyzed by the researchers themselves. This resource contains the text of the report of research or theory in full or complete, detailed and technical.77 From this explanation it can be known that primary data source is direct description of people's reality. The main data source is taken from the novel "Every Silence has a Story" written by Zara Zettira ZR and its translation "Cerita dalam Keheningan" translated by Ronaldo.
A new part of this data source is a derivation-related word that focuses on suffixes (eg prefixes and suffixes).
Secondary Data source
Sugiyono stated that secondary data source is a data source that gives data so the researcher undirectly.80 Secondary sources are materials written and published by authors who does not directly observe or participate in the fact that she describes or not invent the theory. The secondary data sources in this research are books, journals, dictionary and data from internet that related to analysis derivational of the novel. The document that the researcher used is novel Every silence has a Story and its translation Cerita dalam Keheningan by Zarra Zettira.
Bogdan argued that data analysis is the process of systematically searching and organizing the transcripts of interviews, field notes and other materials that researchers collect to expand her/his knowledge of them and to enable the researcher to add what you have discovered to to present to others.86. Based on the above statement, the data analysis was performed when the researcher collects data, and the data analysis can be performed when the researcher completes the data collection process. In this study, the data obtained through translation research documentation would be reduced by selecting the primary data.
The data that selected only the data that will be analyzed is in this case only on word formation when translating the novel "Every silence has a story".
Organization of the Thesis
This chapter discusses the main types of English prefixes and suffixes found in Novel. In this chapter, the researcher would analyze the data through categorizing the data into their English derivation types.
Analysis of English Derivation
In this case it has a different meaning because added with the suffix –ing (Writing / N) it means "something that has been written or printed". In this case it has a different meaning because it is added with the suffix –ness (happiness/adj.), it means "a feeling of happiness". In this case it has a different meaning because added with the suffix –ment (Investment/N) it means "the act of investing".
In this case it has a different meaning because added with the suffix -ance (management/N) it means "help and advice on how to do something". In this case it has a different meaning because it is added with the suffix –ible (responsible/Adj.) which means "to be under the control of someone or something". In this case it has a different meaning because it is added with the suffix -al (political/adj.) it means "relating to politics".
In this case it has a different meaning because added with the suffix –ic (diabetic/adj.) it means "related to diabetes". In this case it has a different meaning because added with the suffix –ive (insulting/adj.), it means "use of rude and offensive words". In this case it has a different meaning because it is added with the suffix –ly (final/adv.) meaning "after a long time/some trouble".
Analysis of the mostly found English Derivation in Novel
The most common type of English suffix found in the novel "Every Silence has a Story" is nominal suffix. Based on the table above, the researcher concludes that in the novel "Every silence has a story" there are four types of English suffixes. From these percentages, the researcher concludes that nominal suffix is mostly found in that novel.
CLOSING
Conclusion
Recommendation
