Analysis of the Effect of in-Late Angle and Lower Valve Position in the Semi Jet Type Water Pump Installation
Against Water Debit
Heri Kustanto1, Wiyono2, Lujeng Widodo3, M. Azzis Purnomo Adji4, Antoni Yohanes5
1,2,3,4Mechanical Engineering Department, Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Warga Surakarta, Indonesia
5Industrial Engineering Department, Universitas Stikubank Semarang, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Received: May 17, 2023 Approved : May 23, 2023
Abstract
The problem that often occurs in people who use semi-jet water pumps is that when the installation of the water pump has been completed, it turns out that the water discharge cannot flow as expected and the electricity consumption is quite large. This research is expected to get optimal results, when installing the water pump installation, it is expected to get the largest water discharge by varying the valve location with the in-late angle, so that it will reduce the time to use the water pump. The experimental results with the linear regression method show that optimal conditions are achieved at variation 8 meaning to maximize the water discharge at the semi-jet water pump, namely the location of the valve above with an in-late angle of 450. The results of the comparison between the average value of water discharge for general use conditions are 29 .6 liters/minute with an average value of water discharge under optimal conditions of 34.8 liters/minute, indicating that the value of water discharge under optimal conditions can increase the water discharge by 5.2 liters/minute = (34.8 liters/minute – 29 ,6 liter/minute), so there is an increase of 8.0745
% = { [5,2 / (34,8+29,6)] x 100%}.
Keywords: semi- jet water pump, in-late angle, valve location, water discharge
Abstrak
Permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada masyarakat pemakai pompa air semi jet yaitu pada saat pemasangan instalasi pompa air sudah selesai ternyata debit air tidak dapat mengalir seperti yang diharapkan dan pemakaian listrik yang cukup besar. Penelitian ini diharapkan akan mendapatkan hasil yang optimal, pada saat pemasangan instalasi pompa air diharapkan mendapatkan debit air yang paling besar dengan cara memvariasikan letak katup dengan sudut in-late, sehingga akan mengurangi waktu pemakaian pompa air.
Hasil eksperimen dengan metode regresi linier menunjukkan, bahwa kondisi optimal dicapai pada variasi 8 artinya untuk memaksimalkan debit air pada pompa air semi jet yaitu letak katup diatas dengan sudut in- late 450. Hasil perbandingan antara nilai rata-rata debit air kondisi pemakaian umum sebesar 29,6 liter/menit dengan nilai rata-rata debit air kondisi optimal sebesar 34,8 liter/menit, menunjukkan bahwa nilai debit air kondisi optimal mampu menaikkan debit air sebesar 5,2 liter/menit = (34,8 liter/menit – 29,6 liter/menit), jadi terjadi kenaikan sebesar 8,0745 % = { [5,2 / (34,8+29,6)] x 100%}.
Kata Kunci: pompa air semi jet, sudut in-late, letak katup, debit air
1. Introduction
There are four types of water pumps on the market that are often used by the general public, namely pumps 1. shallow well water with a maximum suction of only 9 meters 2. semi-jet pump water pump, which is between shallow and deep with a maximum suction of 11 meters 3. jet water pump, namely a water pump for deep wells, the maximum suction is only 50 meters.
The rotation of the motor on an electric motor is important for water pumps, especially for semi-jet pump type water pumps as the drive shaft for the water pump or the occurrence of rotation of the motor due to the existence of an electric motion force, an electric motion force caused by a magnetic field and a magnetic field generated by the presence of a current. electricity.
The installation of a semi-jet type water pump requires an electric current to rotate the shaft on the pump, pi This increase in pressure is directly proportional to the velocity of the liquid [1]. A centrifugal pump is a pump whose working principle is to convert the kinetic energy of the fluid into potential energy through the rotation of the impeller in the casing [2]. In general, pumps can be used for various purposes,
to raise fluid into a reservoir, to flow fluid in industrial processes, for irrigation, irrigation, and so on[3].
Impeller trimming is one method to improve the performance of the pump system [4]. Pes for water lines, pipe connections, valves (tungsten valves), inlet water filters to filter if there is dirt, there are several directions of inflow (in-late) angle of inflow of water (in-late angle). So far, in the installation of semi-jet water pumps, the general public only knows that the flow of water enters only from the side, even though there are still several angles for the direction of the water flow. Therefore, as a researcher, we will look at several angles of water flow (in-late angle). ) which I will test to find the best in-late angle that produces the maximum water discharge. This requires planning for the installation of a semi-jet water pump in selecting materials, thus it is necessary to be careful in selecting water filters that have certain angles. The basic principle of operation of centrifugal pumps is – force vortex flow. This means, when a body of liquid is acted upon by an external torque, it increases the pressure head of the rotating liquid. The hydraulic ram water pumping system has ability to pump water using gravitational energy or the kinetic energy through flowing source of water [5]. The possibility of using a hydraulic ram pump (HRP) as a means of utilizing its energy to produce high head for pump has been investigated [6]. The energy cost is one of the most important cost components in the water supply systems [7]
A pump is a tool that is made to move a fluid from one place to another by increasing the pressure of the fluid so that it can go up or go to the desired place. Pumps with periodic work work from small to large or from large to small as long as the pump is working. The energy given to the fluid is potential energy, so the fluid volume moves to the next volume [8].
The fundamental consideration in this study is to determine the equipment used in the installation of a semi-jet water pump, which is appropriate so that it will get the highest water discharge value, with the largest water discharge so that it will minimize the use of the budget to pay electricity tax due to water discharge. the big one is for filling water in the tendons or the bathtub fills up faster, electricity usage is also more efficient because only a short time the reservoir is full quickly electricity usage for a while, so it will reduce costs in paying electricity taxes.
This research focuses on selecting the angle of inflow (in-late angle), so that it will produce the largest water discharge in the semi-jet pump, so that it can be used as an alternative consideration in making semi-jet water pump installations. This single pump installation functions to raise the water fluid from the water reservoir to the pump and back again to the water reservoir (water tendon), then an observation is made on the flow meter (water meter) to see the flow of water flowing in the semi jet pump installation.
2. Material and Methods
The materials used are SNI certified, while each equipment used in this study has been calibrated beforehand. It aims to produce precise and accurate measuring instrument readings. Besides that, in terms of reading measuring instruments and data collection, more than 1 person was also carried out systematically.
Table 1. Research Materials and Equipment No. Tools and
Materials
Type Source Remarks
1. Water Fresh Water Well clear
2. Foot valve 1 inchi Buy Brass Material
3. Suction pipe 1 inchi Buy PVC
3. Pipe press 1 inchi Buy PVC
4. Water pump Semi jet pump Buy Wasser brand
5. Pipe joint L, T, 1 inci Buy PVC
6. Flow meter Brass Borrow one unit
7. Stop Watch HP Borrow Sconds scale
8. Water resevoir 350 Liter Buy SBI brand
9. Water faucet 1 inchi Borrow One sheet
10. Diper filler 2 liters Borrow Plastic
11. Stavolt 1000 watt Borrow one unit
12. Table/stand for C- shaped semi-jet water pump
Material from iron pipes
Buy one unit
13. Angle in-late 900 Aluminum plate material 0,2 mm
Made Given 8 holes with a diameter of 6 mm 14. Angle in-late 450 Aluminum plate
material 0,2 mm
Made Given 8 holes with a diameter of 6 mm
No. Tools and Materials
Type Source Remarks
15. Angle in-late 00 Aluminum plate material 0,2 mm
Made Given 8 holes with a diameter of 6 mm
16. Switch on/off Plastic/mica Buy One
The steps for making a C-shaped semi-jet type water pump holder which is useful for gripping walls and a semi-jet type water pump located above the base and making a model (level) of the in-late angle (the direction of the incoming water towards the suction pipe).
Figure 1. Holder for a semi-jet type water pump in the shape of the letter C
Figure 2. Valve
angle in-lat 00 angle in-lat 450 angle in-lat 900 Figure 3. In-late angle
Design for assembly (DFA) in the assembly process plays an important role during the manufacturing process of a product [9] [10]. In this test using several tests to get maximum results in the manufacturing process. The performance test process includes:
1. Pump performance test where data is obtained from research [11]
2. Variation of valve opening to the head value of the pump where data is obtained from research [12]
Research variable
The independent variables are the in-late angle in degrees with 3 levels and the valve position with 3 levels. The dependent variable is the size of the water debit in liters/minute. The method of collecting data in this study uses direct observation or periodic observations. So that detailed and accurate data is obtained. As for facilitating data retrieval, the following form is used.
Validity and Reliability
The measuring instrument used is the result of standardized calibration, amounting to 2 each with 2 data collection times, so that the truth and accuracy can be relied upon. The media being tested is a standard product with official specification data from the manufacturer of the PVC pipe. Analysis of experimental results on the calculation process
Experimental data was obtained from testing several rounds, namely by recording the initial data followed by recording the results after being tested. All of this data is recorded in a table and carried out systematically, starting with general use, namely the in-late angle with an in-lat angle of 900 and the location of the valve under the pipe (in the water) to measure the water discharge. Furthermore, the in-late angle with a size of 00, 450, 900 and the location of the valve in the position below (in water), in the middle of the suction pipe and above the suction pipe. Record the water discharge by looking at the flow meter.
The initial data for the installation of a semi-jet type water pump with an in-late angle of 900 and the location of the valve under the pipe (in the water) is measured for the water discharge on the pumping machine, we process it together with direct data from the parameters of the use of the in-late angle and the varied valve locations. So that the comparison can be known to the semi jet pump water discharge. The resulting data can be explained in a diagram comparing the size of the in-late angle and the location of the valve on the semi-jet pump type water pump to the water discharge in the water pump.
3. Results and Discussion
In this test the dependent variable is the water discharge while the independent variable is the in-late angle with 3 (three) levels, namely the angle with sizes: 00, 450, 900. And the valve location with 3 (three) levels, namely with the position: valve below (inside water), in the middle of the suction pipe, above the suction pipe.
The data taken was at the time of installation for general use with an in-late angle of 900 and the location of the valve at the bottom of the pipe (in the water) the water discharge was recorded by looking at the flow meter and repeated every 1 minute 5 times. The data taken can be seen in the table. 2.
Furthermore, the water discharge data taken according to the variations at each level can be seen in table.3.
Table 2. Research data collection at the time of use is generally used with variations in the size of the in-late angle of 900 and the location of the valve below with the water discharge value (liters/minute)
Variation
Test.1 Ltr/Min
2 Ltr/Min
3 Ltr/Min
4 Ltr/Min
5 Ltr/Min
average Ltr/Min Location
Valve
angle In- Late
Below 900 29 31 29 30 29 29,6
Table 3. Retrieval of water discharge value data (liters/minute) No
Variation
Variation
Test 1 Ltr/Min
2 Ltr/Min
3 Ltr/Min
4 Ltr/Min
5 Ltr/Min
average Ltr/Min Location
Valve
angle In- Late
1 Below 00 26 27 27 26 27 26,6
2 Below 450 30 30 31 29 30 30
3 Bawah 900 30 29 30 29 30 29,6
4 middle 00 24 25 25 24 24 24,4
5 middle 450 31 33 33 31 33 32,2
6 middle 900 30 32 32 30 30 30,8
7 on 00 30 29 33 30 33 31
8 on 450 33 36 33 36 36 34,8
9 on 900 33 33 36 33 33 33,6
From Table 3 the highest average value of water discharge is in variation number 8 with the upper valve location level with an in-late angle of 45 0 of 34.8 liters/minute.
Table 4. Comparison of the average discharge value test results for general use
with the highest average (optimal) water discharge value when testing various variations and levels Testing (liters/minute)
General use 29,6
Optimal conditions 34,8
Looking at the graph in Figure 3, the relationship between variations and the average value of water discharge, it can be concluded that the highest average value of water discharge is in variation 8, namely the location of the valve above and the in-late angle. Angle 450, with a flow rate of 34.8 liters/minute, the value is greater with conditions in general where the valve is located below and an in-late angle of 900 is 29.6 liters/minute, then there is an increase in water discharge of (34.8 -29 .6) liter/minute = 5.2 liter/minute.
The comparison between optimal conditions and general use is shown in table 4, showing that the average value of water discharge in variation 8 (optimal) is greater than the average value of water discharge in general use, which is 5.2 liters/minute = (34.8 liters/minute – 29.6 liters/minute), so there is an increase of 8.0745 % = {[5.2:(34.8+29.6)]x100%}.
In the discussion that there was a decrease in the time in filling water for one month using a semi-jet type water pump, namely (84.5 - 71.75) hours = 12.75 hours.
By reducing the time to use a semi-jet type water pump in a month, it will save electricity usage costs, the price of electricity per hour is Rp. 1,400, -, then you can save on electricity consumption costs of:
12.75 x Rp. 1,400, - = Rp. 17. 850, -, can reduce monthly expenses, so that it can be economical and efficient.
By looking at Table 4. Comparison of the average test results for general use water discharge values at the valve location below and the in-late angle of 900 of 29.6 liters/minute with the average value of the largest (optimal) water discharge at the valve location above and the in-late angle of 450 is 34.8 liters/minute, here there is an increase in water discharge of (34.8 -29.6) liters/minute = 5.2 liters/minute.
In the installation of a semi-jet type water pump, the placement of the valve is above and the selection of the in-late angle of 450 can increase the water discharge, when filling the water reservoir / filling the water is faster, so it will reduce the working time of the semi-jet water pump, for example in general use to fill a water reservoir with a volume of 1000 liters takes time (1000 liters : 29.6 liters/minute) = 33.8 minutes, optimal test (1000 liters : 34.8 liters/minute) = 28.7 minutes, time difference (33.8 minutes – 28.7 minutes)
= 5.1 minutes with less time to use the semi jet pump, so time will be efficient.
Example :
The average family needs 5,000 liters of water per day.
An average month requires 30 x 5,000 liters = 150,000 liters of water.
General usage conditions for filling a 1000 liter reservoir takes 33.8 minutes, - in a day it takes [(5,000 : 1,000) x 33.8)] minutes = 169 minutes,
- in a month (30 x 169) minutes = 5,070 minutes = 84.5 hours.
The optimal condition for filling a 1,000 liter reservoir takes 28.7 minutes.
- in a day it takes [(5,000 : 1,000) x 28.7)] minutes = 143.5 minutes, - in a month (30 x 143.5) minutes = 4,305 minutes = 71.75 hours.
There was a decrease in time in filling water for one month
using a semijet type water pump that is equal to (84.5 - 71.75) hours = 12.75 O'clock.
4. Conclusion
The relationship between variations and the average value of water discharge, it can be concluded that the highest average value of water discharge is in variation 8, namely the location of the valve above and the in-late angle. Angle 450, with a flow rate of 34.8 liters/minute, the value is greater with conditions in general where the valve is located below and an in-late angle of 900 is 29.6 liters/minute, then there is an increase in water discharge of (34.8 -29 .6) liter/minute = 5.2 liter/minute.
The comparison between optimal conditions and general use is shown in table 4, showing that the average value of water discharge in variation 8 (optimal) is greater than the average value of water discharge in general use, which is 5.2 liters/minute = (34.8 liters/minute – 29.6 liters/minute), so there is an increase of 8.0745 % = {[5.2:(34.8+29.6)]x100%}. In the discussion that there was a decrease in the time in filling water for one month using a semi-jet type water pump, namely (84.5 - 71.75) hours = 12.75 hours.
By reducing the time to use a semi-jet type water pump in a month, it will save electricity usage costs, the price of electricity per hour is Rp. 1,400, -, then you can save on electricity consumption costs of: 12.75 x Rp. 1,400, - = Rp. 17. 850, -, can reduce monthly expenses, so that it can be economical and efficient.
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