i
AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGES USED IN THE ALCHEMIST NOVEL
THESIS
BY
HERLIA YUNITA NIM 372016010
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PALEMBANG FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM APRIL 2021
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AN iANALYSIS iOF iFIGURATIVE iLANGUAGE iUSED iIN iTHE iALCHEMIST iNOVEL
THESIS
Present ito
Universitas iMuhammadiyah iPalembang In iPartial iFultillment iof ithe irequirements
For ithe iDegree iof iSarjana iin iEnglish iLanguage iEducation
By Herlia iYunita NIM i372016010
UNIVERSITAS iMUHAMMADIYAH iPALEMBANG i FACULTY iOF iTEACHER iTRAINING iAND iEDUCATION
ENGLISH iEDUCATION iSTUDY iPROGRAM APRIL i2021
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iv
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MOTTO iAND iDEDICATIONS
Motto:
"don't istop iwhen iyou're itired, ibut istop iwhen iyou're idone."
"dream iwithout ia iplan ijust ia iwish"
"prove ithem iwrong"
"don't iwait ifor iopportunity, ibut icreate iit" i This iThesis iis iDedicated ito:
iAllah iSWT iand iProphet iMuhammad iSAW iwho ialways igive ihis ifull iof irohmah iand iblessing.
iMy isuper iFather, iAslinudin. iwho ialways igive ispirit iand iyou iare ia ihero. iThank iyou ifor isupporting ime iin ievery isituation.
iMy ibeautiful iMother, iRusmala iDewi. iyou iare ithe ireal iangel.
iThank iyou ifor iyour ipray, iadvice, ilove iand ieverything iyou ihave idone.
iMy iBrothers iand imy iSister, iHerpin iZaiyanto, iHeri iSupriadi, iHerdimansyah iand iHersi iKarimala. iThank iyou ifor ibeing ibest ipart iof imy ilife.
iMy ibeloved iboyfriend, iDavid iSanjaya. iThank iyou iso imuch ifor isupport, ilove, iand iall iyou ihave idone.
i iAnd ito iall imy ibig ifamily. iThank iyou iso imuch.
iKurnia iSaputri, iS.Pd., iM.Pd i ias ithe ifirst iadvisor iwho ihas ialready iapproved ithis iresearch iand igiven ia ilot iof iguidance iand isuggestion iin icompletion iof ithis ireseach. i
iAndriamella iElfarissyah, iS.Pd., iM.Pd ias ithe isecond iadvisor iwho ihas ipatienly iand ikindly igiven ivaluable i, iadvice, ias iwell ias iencouragement iin imaking iand icompleting ithis ithesis.
iTo iall imy ilecturers iin iEnglish iEducation iStudy iProgram ithat iI icannot imention ione iby ione, ithank iyou ifor ithe itime iand iknowledge. i
iMy ibest ifriends i( iJalaludin, iRiana iYuliansari, iRika iWidiyah iAgustin, iIndri iLestari iand iDesi iRomika) ithank iyou ifor iyour isupport iall ithis itime. i
iLast, ito imy igreen icampus. iThank iyou!
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ABSTRACT
Yunita, iHerlia i2021. iAn iAnalysis iof iFigurative iLanguage iUsed iin i“The iAlchemist”iNovel.iThesis,iEnglishiEducationiStudyiProgram,iSarjanaiDegreei(S1),F acultyiofiTeacher iTraining iand iEducation iUniversitas iMuhammadiyah iPalembang. iAdvisors:i(I) iKurniaSaputri iS.Pd., iM.Pd. i(II) iAndriamella iElfarissyah,S.Pd.,M.Pd. i
Keywords:iAnAnalysisiofiFigurativeiLanguageiUsediiniTheiAlchemistiNovel.
This ithesis iis ientitled i“An iAnalysis iof iFigurative iLanguages iUsed iin i“The iAlchemist” iNovel. iThe iobjectives iof ithe istudy iare ito idescribe ihow imany isentences ithat icontain ifigurative ilanguage ifound iin ithe inovel iand ito iidentify ithe imost idominant ifigurative ilanguage iused iin ithe inovel. iThe imethod iused in this research qualitative research. In icollecting ithe idata irelated itoitheisubjectiofithisiresearchiisidocumentationbecauseithe iresearcher icollected ithe idata ifrom inovel.iThisiresearchiwasiconducted iby icollecting iany irelevant idata iand iinformation iabout ithe itopicor iproblem iof ithe istudy ifrom inovel iand iinternetthatareavailablefor ithe ianalysis.Theidata icollection iused ithe ifollowing isteps: ireading ithe inovel, iand ithen iselecting ithe idata ithat iused ithe itypes iof ifigurative ilanguage. iWhile ithe isteps ito ianalyze ithe idata iare iidentifying ithe itypes iof ifigurative ilanguage iaccording ito iLeech, iidentifying ihow imany ifigurative ilanguage iused iin ithe inovel, iand ithe ilast iis iinterpreting ithe idata.
iThe iresult ishows ithat ithere iare i70 isentences ithat ihave ifigurative ilanguage.
iFrom iall ithe isentences, ithere iare i30 iitems i iof isimile, i27 iitems iof ipersonification, i12 iitems iof imetaphor, iand i1 iitem iof ihyperbole. iIt ican ibe iindicated ithat ithe idominant itype iof ifigurative ilanguage iin ithe inovel iis isimile ias imany ias i30 items. iThe iauthor iuses isimile ito iexplain icircumstances, ito idescribe ithe icharacters, ito iexpress iemotion iof ithe icharacters, iand ito imake ihis iwriting imore ivivid iand ientertaining. iIt ican ibe iconcluded ithat ifigurative ilanguage ihas iimportant iroles iin ithis inovel. iThat‘s iwhy ithe iauthor iused iso imany isentences ithat ihave ifigurative ilanguage iin ithis inovel. iUsing ifigurative ilanguage imakes ithe inovel imore iinteresting ito iread, iand ihelps ithe ireaders ito iimagine ithe istory, ithe icharacter ibased ion ithe iillustration ithat ithe iauthor ihas ialready igiven iin ithe istory. i
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillahiirabbil’ialamin,,itheihighestigratitudeand igreatfulireward
iareionlyiforAllahiSWTiwho has igiven iblessing iand iability ito
itheresearcheritoifulfilliandicompleteithisithesisientitlediAniAnalysisofFigurative iLanguagesiUsediini“Theilchemist”iNoveliasioneofrequirementsiforithe
iSarjanaDegreei(S1)iniEnglishEducationStudyiProgramiatiFacultyofTeacherTraining and iEducation, iUniversitas iMuhammadiyah iPalembang.
The iresercher iwould ilike ito iexpress iher igreatful ito ithe iRector iUniversitas iMuhammadiyah iPalembang iDr. iAbid iDjazuli, iS.E., iM.M., ithe iDean iof iTeacher iTraining iandiEducation iFaculty iDr. iH iRusdy iA iSiroj, iM.Pd., ithe iHead iof iEnglish iStudy iProgram iSri iYuliani, iS.Pd., iM.Pd. iand ithanks ito iall ilecturers iof iEnglish iStudy iProgram i iwho ihave itaught iand ihelped ithe iresearcher iduring ithis itime.
Theiresearcherigiveithe ihighest iappreciation ito iher itwo ibestiadvisors:
iKurnia iSaputri, iS.Pd., iM.Pd. iand iAndriamella iElfarissyah, iS.Pd., iM.Pd.
iThanks ito ithem ia ilot ifor iunderstanding iin iguiding ithe iresearcher, iand ihelping iin ifinishing ithis ithesis. i
The iresearcher iwould ilike ito iexpress iher ideepest iappreciation ito iher ibeloved iparents i(Aslinudin iand iRusmala iDewi) iwho ihave igiven ithe isupport, ilove, ipray, iadvice iand iattention iwhen ishe iwrote ithis ithesis. iMoreover, ithe iresearcher ialso ithanks ito iher ibrothers iand isister i(Herpin iZaiyanto, iHeri iSupriadi, iHerdimansyah iand iHersi iKarimala), iher igrandfathers iand igrandmothers i( iRuslan, iHatta, iZainun iand iKaya), iand iall ifamily, ifriends, iand ieveryone iwho ihelped iher iin idoing iand icompleting ithis ithesis.
The iresearcher irealizes ithat ithis ithesis ireally ifar ifrom ibeing iperfect.
iThat iis iwhy iall icomments, icritics, iand isuggestions iare iwelcomed ifor ithis ithesis. iThe ilast, ishe ihopes ithat ithis ithesis iwill ibe iuseful ifor ithe ipeople iwho iread iit iand ifor ianother iresearcher iin ithe ifuture. i
Palembang, i i i i iApril i2021 The iResearcher
HY
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CONTENTS
Pages
TITLE... i
AGREEMENT iPAGE ... ii
APPROVAL iPAGE ... iii
MOTTO iAND iDEDICATION... iv
ABSTRACT ... v
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ... vi
CONTENTS ... vii
LIST iOF iTABLES ... ix
LIST iOF iAPPENDICES ... x
CHAPTER iI iINTRODUCTION 1.1 iBackground iof ithe istudy ... 1
1.2 iProblem iof ithe iStudy ... 4
1.2.1 iLimitation iof itheProblem ... 4
1.3 iFormulation ithe iProblem ... 4
1.4 iThe iObjective iof iStudy ... 5
1.5 iSignificance iof ithe iStudy ... 5
CHAPTER iII iLITERATURE iREVIEW 2.1 iSemantics ... 6
2.2 iFigurative Language in Semantic View ... 8
2.3 iTypes iof Figurative Language ... 10
2.4 iNovel ... 15
2.4.1Kinds of Novel ... 16
2.5 Synopsis of The Al Chemist Novel ... 18
2.5.1The Characters of the Al Chemist Novel ... 22
2.6 iPrevious iRelated iStudy ... 25
CHAPTER iIII iRESEARCH iMETHODOLOGY 3.1 iResearch Method ... 28
3.2 Data Source ... 30
3.3 iTechnique iof iCollecting ithe iData ... 31
3.4 iTechnique ifor iAnalyzing iData ... 32
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CHAPTER iIV iFINDINGS iAND iINTERPRETATION
4.1 iFindings ... 33
4.1.1 Figurative Language Analysis ... 33
4.2 iInterpretation i ... 46
CHAPTER iV iCONCLUSION iAND iSUGGESTIONS 5.1 iConclusion ... 48
5.2 iSuggestions ... 49
5.2.1 iFor English Learner ... 49
5.2.2 i For Other Researchers ... 49
5.2.3 For Teacher of English ... 49
REFERENCES ... 51
APPENDICES. ... 54
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LIST iOF iTABLE
i i i iTable i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i page i
4.1 Simile Found in the Alchemist Novel ... 34
4.2 Personification Found in the Alchemist Novel i ... 37
4.3 Metaphor Found in the Alchemist Novel ... 42
4.4 Hyperbole Found in theAlchemist Noveli ... 44
4.5 The Most Dominant FigurativeLanguageFound in the Alchemist inovel ... 45
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LIST iOF iAPPENDICES
Appendix i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i page i
1. over The Alchemist Novel ... 54
2. Surat Keputusan Pembimbing Proposal ... 55
3. Laporan Kemajuan Skripsi ... 56
4. Persetujuan Ujian ... 62
5. Bukti itelah iMelakukan Perbaikan Skripsi i ... 63
6. CuriculumiVitae i ... 64
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CHAPTER iI INTRODUCTION
This ichapter ipresents i(1) ibackground iof ithe istudy, i(2) iproblem iof ithe istudy, i(3) ilimitation iof ithe istudy i(4) iformulation iof ithe iproblems, i(5) iobjectives iof ithe istudy, iand i(6) isignificances iof ithe istudy
1.1 Background iof ithe istudy
A ilanguage iis ia itool iof icommunication iowned iby ia ihuman iin ilife, ias istated iby iSiahaan i(2008) ithat ilanguage iis ia iunique ihuman iinheritance ithat ivery iimportant irole iin ihuman ilife, isuch ias iin ithinking, icommunicating iideas, iand inegotiating iwith iothers i(p.1). iIt ican ibe iinterpreted ithat ilanguage iplays ia isignificant irole ibecause ipeople ican itell iand iexpress itheir iopinions, iideas, ifeelings, ior ianything ielse ito ipeople iby iusing ilanguage. iIn ithis iera, imany icountries iuse iEnglish iin icommunication iboth iin ispoken ior iwritten iforms.
iAccording ito iFirth iin iKirkpatrick i(2011), iEnglish iis ia ilingua ifranca ithat iis ia i‘contact ilanguage’ ibetween ipersons iwho ishare ineither ia icommon inative itongue inor ia icommon i(national) iculture, iand ifor iwhom iEnglish iis ithe ichosen iforeign ilanguage iof icommunication i(p.2). iIt imeans ithat ipeople imust ilearn iEnglish ito ibe iable ito icommunicate iwith iother ipeople iwho icome ifrom idifferent icountries.
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In ilearning iEnglish, iwe iwould ifind isome icomponents iand ithey iare iphonology, imorphology, isyntax, iand isemantics. iIn ithis iresearch, isemantics iis ione iof ithe icomponents ithat iwould ibe ianalyzed iby ithe iresearcher.
iAccording ito iOlmen i(2018), isemantics iis ithe ifield iof ilinguistics iconcerned iwith ithe istudy iof imeaning i(p.1). iSo iwe iknow ithat isemantics iis ithe istudy ifocused ion imeaning, ias ialso istated iby iPatrick i(2006) ithat isemantics iis ithe istudy iof ithe i“toolkit” ior imeaning: iknowledge iencoded iin ithe ivocabulary iof ithe ilanguage iand iits ipatterns ifor ibuilding imore ielaborate imeanings, iup ito ithe ilevel isentence iof ithe imeanings i(p.1). iIn ianother iwords, iit ican ibe isaid ithat isemantics iis ia istudy iabout imeaning ior itools ifor ithe ilearning iprocess ithat iencoded iin ithe ivocabulary ito ibuild idetailed imeanings. i
In isemantics, ifigurative ilanguage iis ione iof itopics ithat ishould ibe ilearned iby ithe istudents. iPerrine iand iThomas ias icited iin iSafitri i(2018) istates ithat ifigurative ilanguage iis ipersuasive ilanguage. iIt iis ianother iway ifor iadding ian iextra idimension ito ilanguage, iwhich ican iattract ithe ireader‘s iattention.
iFigurative ilanguages iconvey imeaning ior iheighten ithe ieffect, iit iwill igive imore imeaning ito ithe iwords, ibeautify ithem, iand iemphasize itheir imeaning i(p.44). iIt ican ibe isaid ithat ifigurative ilanguage iis ia ipersuasive ilanguage ithat ican ihave imore ithan ione imeaning iand ithe iwords imore iinteresting ito iread. iThere iare ikinds iof ifigurative ilanguage iand ithey iare isimile, imetaphor, ihyperbole, ipersonification, imetonymy, iirony, iand ilitotes. iIn ithis ianalysis iof iresearch, ithe iresearcher ijust ifocused ion isimile, imetaphor, ihyperbole, iand ipersonification.
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One iof ithe imedia ithat ican ibe iused iby ithe istudents iin ilearning iis ireading ia inovel. iThe inovel iis ia igood imedia ifor ipeople iin istudying ifigurative ilanguage ibecause ifigurative ilanguage iusually iappeared iin inovelsisuch ias isimile, imetaphor, ipersonification, ihyperbole, ietc. iNovels iare iliterary iworks ithat iserve ias ia iplace ito ipour ithe iauthor's ithoughts iin ireaction ito iits isurroundings, ias istated iby iKenney iin iRahayu i(2014) ithat ithe inovel iis ia ilong iand inarrative ifiction iis ian iimitation iof ithe isituation iin ifact i(p.45). iIt imeans ithat inovel iis ione ikind iof ivariety iprose iit iis ione iform ilong istory, iinvolving imany icharacters iwith ieach icharacter iand iis ia iseries iof ievents irelating ito ihuman ilife. iSo iin ithis icase, ithe iresearcher iwould ichoose ia inovel ias imedia iin idoing iher ianalysis.
As iwe iknow ithat iwhen iwe iread ia inovel isometimes iwe ifind isome iterms ithat iare idifficult ito beiunderstood ibecause ithere iwill ibe iso imany ifigurative iexpressions ithat iwe iwill inever ifind iin iour idaily iconversation. iWe ineed ito iknow ithe imeaning iof ithe ifigurative ilanguage ithat ifound iin ia inovel iso iwe ican iimagine iwhat ihappens iin ithe istory, iso iwe ican ifeel ithe iemotion iof istory iin ithe inovel. iAccording ito iKnatchal icited iin izaimardiansyah i(2019), ifigurative ilanguage iallows ipeople ito iexpress itheir ithoughts iabstractly, ican ihelp ipeople iplay iwith iabstract iideas, iand ialso iit ican ihelp ito iconnect ilanguage iwith ian iemotional iresponse iquickly iand ieffectively i(p.17). i
In ithis ithesis, ithe iresearcher ianalyzed ithe ifigurative ilanguage iused iin ithe iAlchemist inovel iby iPaulo iCoelho. iThe iAlchemist inovel iis iinteresting
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istory iand ihas imany imoral ivalues ican ibe ilearned.iThe istory iof iAlchemist inovel itold iabout ithe imagical istory iof iSantiago, ian iAndalusian ishepherd iboy iwho iyearns ito itravel iin isearch iof ia iworldly itreasure iasiextravagant ias iany iever ifound.iIt ican imake ithe ireaders icurious iabout ithis inovel. iThe iresearcher iwas iinterested ito ifind ithe ifigurative ilanguage iused iin ithat inovel. iBased ion ithe iexplanation iabove ithe iresearcher itook iinterest iin ithe ifigurative ilanguage iused iin ithe iAlchemist inovel. iSo, ithis ithesis iis ientitled: iAn iAnalysis iof iFigurative iLanguage iUsed iin ithe iAlchemist iNovel. i
1.2 i Problem iof ithe iStudy
The iproblem iof ithis istudy iwas iregarded iin i“An iAnalysis iof iFigurative Language iUsed iin iThe iAlchemist iNovel.”
1.2.1 Limitation iof ithe iStudy
In ithis istudy, ithe iresearcher ilimited ithe iproblem ion iher ianalysis iof ifigurative ilanguages iused iin i“ iThe iAlchemist” inovel. iFigurative ilanguage ihas iseven itypes, ithere iare isimile, imetaphor, ipersonification, ihyperbole, imetonymy, iirony, iand ilitotes. iIn ithis iresearch, ithe iresearcher ifocused ion isimile, imetaphor, ihyperbole,and ipersonification ithat iwere iused iin ithe iAlchemist inovel.
1.3 Formulation iof ithe iProblem
Based ion ithe ilimitation iof ithe iproblem iabove, ithis iresearch iwas iformulated iin ithe ifollowing iquestions i:
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1. How imany isentences ithat icontain ifigurative ilanguage iused iin ithe Alchemist inovel i?
2. What iis ithe imost idominant ifigurative ilanguage iused iin ithe iAlchemist inovel?
1.4 Objectives iof ithe iStudy
Considering iwhat ihas ibeen iexplained iin ithe iformulation iof ithe iproblems iabove, ithe iobjectives iof ithis istudy iwere ito ifind iand idescribe ithe ifigurative ilanguages iused iin ithe iAlchemist inovel iand ito ianalyze ithe imost idominant i ifigurative ilanguage ithat iused iin ithe iAlchemist inovel.
1.5 Significance iof ithe iStudy
This istudy iprovided iinformation iabout ithe iresult iof iAn iAnalysis iof iFigurative iLanguage iUsed iin ithe iAlchemist inovel. iThe iresult iof ithe istudy iexpected ican ibe iuseful, ia igood icontribution, iadditional iinformation, iand iexpected ito iimprove iin iunderstanding ithe ifigurative ilanguage ithat iused iin ia inovel, ithey iare istated ibelow.
1. For ithe iResearcher iherself
By idoing ithis istudy, ithe iresearcher iwould ihave ibetter iunderstanding i iin ianalysis iof ifigurative ilanguage iused iin ithe iAlchemist inovel
2. For ithe iReaders
It iis ihoped ithat ithis iresult ican igive imore iinformation iand ialso ihelp ithem ito iunderstand imore iabout ifigurative ilanguage.
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3. For ithe iOther iResearcher
It iis iexpected ican ibe iused ias ireference ifor iother iresearcher iwho iwant ito imake ia iresearch ion ithe irelated ifields iso ithat ithey ican iconduct ithe iresearch imore ibetter.
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