Analysis of Steam Needs at Stelilizer Station With 80 Minutes at Pt Socfindo Seunagan Palm Oil Factory
Asri Refendia,1 , Sulaiman Alib,2*, Joli Supardib,3
a Mechanical Engineering Department, Teuku Umar University, Meulaboh, 23615, Indonesia
I. Introduction
Indonesia is a company engaged in the oil palm fresh fruit bunches which are converted into CPO (Crude Palm Oil), shells andThis oil palm plantation company has a production of 23 tons/hour.
The raw materials for this company are obtained from its own plantations.[1][2]
The sterilizing station is one of the initial processes for the production of palm oil processing by operating by boiling fresh fruit bunches of palm oil in a pressure vessel of saturated steam. In boiling oil palm fresh fruit bunches it takes 80 minutes to 85 minutes.[3][4]
For the sake of an increase in company performance, stability and production processes are needed as well as stability in the processing process, including steam power, where one of the important roles in the palm oil processing process. As for the role of steam power, one of them is the stellizer station. [5][6]
Steam power is one of the generators of kinetic energy from steam that produces electrical energy. Where in the industrial sector plays a very good role in the industrial world, one of which is the palm oil industry.[7]
II. The Proposed Method 1. Secondary method.
A data
orcompany documents that can be or are permitted to be published.
2. Primary Method.
The primary data method is where the author collects data by taking data directly in the field by observing and interviewing operators.
ARTICLE INFO A B S T R A C T
Article history:
Accepted The process of turning fresh fruit bunches (FFB) into Crude Palm
Oil (CPO) Palm oil will go through many processing stages. Each stage of the processing is carried out at various stations, including receiving stations, sorting stations, receiving stations, thresher stations, digester stations, sterilizer stations, and presses, as well as clarification stations. One very useful process lies in the sterilizer station. The quality of the CPO produced, one of which depends on the boiling process at the sterilizer station. FFB boiling process at PT. Socfindo seunagan uses a triple peak system, with pressures near 2.5 to 3 bar. The boiling process is tried for 80 to 85 minutes. The processing time, which takes so long, will ripen the fruit to the bottom layer.
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Keywords:
Stellilizer TBS CPO
III. Method
A. Identification Results
Steam power is needed in every palm oil processing process. Most palm oil processing utilizes steam power. Where it becomes a heating medium, driving and boiling. In palm oil processing, the need for steam is not justified less than the standard palm oil production process that has been applied. If this happens, the CPO production process will be imperfect.
Most of what happens is that there is a lack of steam power in the digester tool, there will be wear on the digester blade, the screw press is damaged, the screw is worn, the intermediate shaft is bent on the screw, the screw cage expands, so it will interfere with the palm oil production process. . The need for steam is very important in the CPO processing process, so the author tries to do an ANALYSIS of the fulfillment of steam needs of PT.Socfindo Seunagan, Raya.Nagan. [8]
B. CPO processing process
There are several stages of producing fresh fruit marks into CPO.
1. Processing The bridge for weighing is to get the total weight of the fresh fruit mark, the weight of the vehicle leaving the factory so that it gets the net weight result.
2. Grading FFB
Where Grading is the process of checking the fruit that enters the loading ramp, where it is sorted properly and gets the percent yield as determined by the company PT Socfindo Seunagan.
Table 1. Sorting to check fruit quality.
NO Kriteria Pola Keterangan
1 Raw Fruit Blackish purple in color and no
loose fruit
2 Mengkal Fruit Reddish orange in color but
the number of loose fruit is not as much as ripe fruit.
3 Ripe Fruits Reddish orange in color but
the amount of loose fruit is not as much as ripe fruit.
4 Overripe Fruits Reddish orange in color but
the amount of loose fruit is not as much as ripe fruit.
3. Loading Ramp Station The loading
ramp is a building with a floor in the form of an iron lattice with a slope of 450. Where serves as to separate the dirt in the form of sand, gravel and garbage that is included in the sign of fresh fruit.
4. Station stelilizer
Stellizer is a process of boiling fresh fruit bunches of palm oil which has a pressure vessel of saturated steam power.
5. Threshing Station
The threshing station is useful for separating loose fruit from the bunch.
6. Pressing Station
The purpose of the pressing station is to make it easier to separate the pulp and seeds of the oil palm fruit.
7. Clarification Station Clarification
process is the stage of FFB processing which aims to obtain oil.
8. Kernel Station
At this station, activities are carried out to separate the fiber from the nut, separate the core from the shell and also dry the core.
9. Boiler Station The
function of the station is to heat water to create a steam power pressure that can be used for the purposes of processing palm oil.
10. Machine room
station This station serves to deliver electrical energy to all machine stations as well as electrical needs in the factory environment
11. . Water Treatment Station.
The function of the water treatment station is to store clean water.
12. Oil Tank and Delivery of CPO
This station is used for storage of palm oil (CPO) as well as the location for filling shipments.
IV. Results and Discussion A. Results
at the Sterelizer Station (Boiling) Strelizier is a tool for processing oil palm fruit by utilizing saturated steam power from the ex turbine to boil fresh fruit bunches (FFB) in a vessel with a three-peak boiling system withfirst pressure of 2 kg/cm
2for the second peak is 2.7 kg/cm
2, and for the third peak 2.8 kg/cm
2injected from the back pressure valve (BVP), with certain pressures in three stages during 80 minutes, with a temperature of 130
0
C this tool is equipped with 2 doors that can be opened and closed at the bottom of the sterilizer and the top of the sterilizer, steam inlet and exhaust, steam pressure valve (sevety valve pressure gauge). One horizontal type sterilizer can only accommodate 16 (sixteen) tons of Fresh Fruit Bunches.
The process of boiling fruit is the most vital factor in FFB processing because it greatly determines the results of processing at the next stage of the process, both losses that arise and also the quality
ofproduction. at PT. Socfindo Seunagan, Kab. Nagan Raya, the specifications for the horizontal sterilizer are as follows. Three units of horizontal type steam boiler, with two doors, each with a capacity of 7 lorries. In one lorry has 2.4 tons of BTS.
Table 1. Boiling steps within 80 minute
1.
Diameter : 2800 mm2.
Length : 24500 mm3.
Plate material : Carbon steel plate ASTM A 516 grade 70 or equivalent4.
Plate thickness :16mm5.
Working Pressure : Working pressure : 3.0 Kg/cm2Expected to be able to achieve the FFB processing production target. Boiling too long:
1.
Losses in the condensate are getting higher2.
The quality of the resulting CPO gives imperfect colors.3.
Causing the value of loose fruit in jankos and the amount of catecopene to increase4.
The process of pulverizing oil palm fruit in the digester is not perfect5. The process of breaking seeds is fatal or incomplete.
Figure 1. Horizontal sterilizer PT.Socfindo
Perfection in the boiling process will make it easier for the next process, both at the Thresser station, screw press, Digester and others. Some of the functions of the
sterilizer:
1. Deactivating the lipase enzyme
fruit contains lipase and oxidase enzymes which continue to work in the fruit before the enzyme is deactivated, where the lipase enzyme acts as a
catalystin the formation of free fatty acids (ALB).
2. makes it easier to separate fruit and levels
in the palm oil processing
processit is necessary to have an oil extraction process because in this section the fruit needs to be separated from the level (oil and palm
3. Wherekernel. through
evaporationboth in the boiling tube and before being put into tressing
4. Soften the fruitPericarp (fruit skin) which gets heat treatment and pressure will show its shape Where the fiber will be easier to
separatethe fiber from the others
5. Facilitate the separation of fiber and seeds
Boiling the fruit that is not good can make it difficult to separate the fiber from the seeds in the polishing drum, which makes it difficult to break the seeds in the crusher - good steam penetration will facilitate the process of separating the pericarp and seed fibers, which is accelerated by the hydrolysis process.
6. Facilitates the process of removing the core from the shell
Pere A good foam will reduce the moisture content of the seeds by up to 20%. a decrease in the seed content of up to 20% will cause the core to shrink but the seed shell will remain - hence the core is loose from the shell. This will facilitate the fermentation process in the Nut silo, so that the splitting of the seeds can take place properly, as well as the separation of the core and shell in the dry or wet separation process can produce a core that has smaller impurities.
A. Boiling
System The boiling system used by the
palmoil mill PT.Socfindo Seunagan, Kab.
Nagan Raya is Triple Peak. Besides functioning as a physical action, mechanical processes
can also occur, namely the presence of shocks
Fig. 1. Three Peak Boiling System PT. Socfindo Seunagan
The sterilization process is carried out using triple peaks (boiling 3 peaks). The first peak is used to remove air in the boiling vessel. Air is a flow barrier in steam and must be carried out to remove air, so that the heat transfer process to FFB is more perfect
Second Peak serves to repress the remnants of air that are still in the vessel and remove the air and water vapor at the same time as the condensate also comes out so that the air content in the air decreases. The third peak is for steam penetration into the deepest berondolan group at its level.
So that it can deactivate the enzyme and soften the composition of the mesocarp so that it is easy to separate from the bunch and the nut. The condensate is removed first then followed by the exhaust steam. Condensate can absorb heat and if it is not removed it will slow down efforts to reach peak pressure and will dampen lorries containing FFB so that it can cause corrosion at the sterilizer station.
Table 2. Boiling steps within 80 minutes
Step Inlet Condensate Exhaust Time
(menit) Tekanan Peak
1 O O C 2 0-0,5
2 O C C 10 1,5-2,0 1
3 C O C 2 0,8-1,2
4 C O O 3 0
5 O O C 2 0-0,5
6 O C C 10 2,0-2,5 2
7 C O C 2 1,5-1,2
8 C O O 3 0,5-0
9 O C C 13 2,8
3
10 O O C 1 2,6-2,7
11 O C C 15 2,8
12 O O C 1 2,6-2,7
13 O C C 15 2,8
14 C O C 2 1,2-0,8
15 C O O 1 0
Total 80
Description: C=Close ; O=Open 0
0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3
0 10 13 20 30 45 75 80
Vapor Pressure Kg/cm2
Time
Three Peak Boiling System
1. Before Starting Operation
A. Check and make sure all equipment, security systems, automatic control systems, pressure and temperature gauges are functioning properly.
B. Check and make sure there are no leaks in the stew body, door packing, valves and steam pipes based on previous shift reports or based on observations.
C. Check and make sure the stew strainer & rail track are clean.
2. Operating procedure
A. Install a chart according to processing hours
B. Heat the installation and initial rest in the stew for ± 10 minutes to peak 1 (steam pressure reaches 2.0 kg/cm2
C. Drain the condensate water first, open the exhaust valve and remove steam until the pressure is correct =0.0
D. Open the door, plug it in, the stew bridge, Pull the ripe fruit in the ransom.
E. Next, put the following lorry with FFB ribs into the stew F. . Make sure the stew door is properly closed and fully locked.
G. Enter the steam by opening the condensate valve for 3 minutes with the aim of exhaust the air.
H. After closing the condensate valve and boiled using a triple peak system (three peaks).
I. Increase the pressure to peak I = 2 kg/cm2 then lower the pressure to 0 kg/cm2 by removing the condensate ± 2 minutes and the blow up valve
J. . pressure to peak II = 2.7 kg/cm2 then lower the pressure so that it reaches 0 kg/cm2 by removing condensate ± 2 minutes and valve blow up
K. Increase pressure to peak III = 2.8 - 3 kg/cm2 Hold for ± 45 minutes, remove condensate ± 9 minutes with steam valve up until pressure reach 0 Kg/cm2
l. Open the stew door by first opening the spui handlebar.
m. Pull the lorry from the stew using a standard cap while pulling the unripe fruit.
n. One cycle ±85 minutes.
3. Environmental Aspects.
- Hot, required to wear gloves
- Slippery, required to wear septic shoes
- Oil palm loose fruit, cleaned and collected into the lorry.
- Palm oil spills must be cleaned - Clean working environment.
V. Conclusion
As for the data obtained from observations, I can conclude several conclusions. cm2/ for 80 minutes. Perfectly ripe fruit, so that loose bunches with bunches are easily separated, and do not reduce the quality.
1. oil and reduce oil losses.
2. Capacity of PKS PT. Socfindo Seunagan is 23 tons/hour and processing Fruit Bunches Fresh or also called (FFB) into Crude Plam Oil (CPO).
3. The process of palm oil production in PKS PT. Socfindo Seunagan consists of several stations including fruit reception stations, sorting stations and also loading ramp stations. Station sterilizer. capstand station, press station and clarification station and also Kernel Station.
Provide a statement that what is expected, as stated in the "Introduction" chapter can ultimately result in "Results and Discussion" chapter, so there is compatibility. Moreover, it can also be added
the prospect of the development of research results and application prospects of further studies into the next (based on result and discussion).
Acknowledgment (HEADING 5)
The author would like to thank PT. Socfindo which has received the Independent Campus Internship Program to the Company Manager of PT. Socfindo, namely Mr. Wandi Cahyadi and as supervisor Nico Sitohang ST and Field Assistant Lecturer Mr. Joli Supardi, ST, MT and Scientific Paper Supervisor Mr. Sulaiman Ali, ST, MT.
References
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[3] Masruroh, Lilis, and Hermiza Mardesci. "The process of boiling oil palm FFB at the sterilizer station (a case study at PT. Tri Bakti Sarimas PKS 2 Ibul, Riau)." Journal of Agricultural Technology 10.1 (2021):
43-48.
[4] Masruroh, Lilis, and Hermiza Mardesci. "The Process of Boiling Palm Oil FFB at the Sterilizer Station (Case Study at PT. Tri Bakti Sarimas PKS 2 Ibul, Riau)." Journal of Agricultural Technology 10.1 (2021): 43-48.
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[6] Sinaga, Maria Fransiska. "Factors Related to Compliance with the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Oil Palm Harvesting Workers at PT. Socfindo Tanah Gambus in 2017." (2017).
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