Android-Based Covid-19 Prevention Campaign Model for Early Childhood

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4 (2) (2021) 103-111

Journal of Curriculum Indonesia

http://hipkinjateng.org/jurnal/index.php/jci

Android-Based Covid-19 Prevention Campaign Model for Early Childhood

Istyarini, Rafika Bayu Kusumandari Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Info Articles

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Keywords:

Campaign model, android- based, Covid-19

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Abstract

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This research program is designed with an "RnD" approach, meaning that a research program is followed up with a development program for improvement. The results of the study were: Results from one-to-one trials and results of small group trials, from media users. This result for each student's answer per item is summed divided by 2. The total number of 50 points divided by 10 obtained a value of 4.5. So this application is in the good category. After the improvement of the one-to-one test results, a small group test was then carried out. This result for each student's answer per item is summed divided by 4. The total number of totals is 47 divided by 10 so that a value of 4.7 is obtained. From the overall results obtained because it is above 4.5 (with a scale of 1-5), the Android-based Covid-19 spread prevention campaign model application for early childhood can be categorized as very good.

e-ISSN 2549-0338

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Journal of Curriculum Indonesia 4 (2) (2021) INTRODUCTION

The Government of the Republic of Indonesia has determined that Corona Virus Disease 2019 Coronavirus or corona virus is a large family of viruses that cause mild to moderate upper respiratory tract infections, such as flu. The rise of information circulating about Covid-19 often causes unrest among the public. Apart from the fact that most of the information circulating is a hoax, it is also due to the lack of public understanding of Covid-19. For this reason, there needs to be a Covid-19 prevention campaign model for the community starting from early childhood so that a healthy lifestyle will be easy to implement. This will make it easier to suppress the high number of Covid-19 cases. Today's technological advances are very rapid and increasingly sophisticated. Many advanced technologies that have been created make such great changes in human life in various fields. One of the famous communication technologies today isSmartphonesor a smartphone. Of course, this can be used as a model for Covid-19 prevention campaigns. In addition to the public will easily access it, they will also find it easier to understand about Covid-19.

The use of gadgets is one of the media for Covid-19 prevention campaigns for early childhood. Campaign is an action and effort aimed at gaining support, campaign efforts can be carried out by individuals or groups of people who are organized to achieve a decision-making process in agroup, regular campaigns are also carried out to influence, inhibit, deflect achievements.

This campaign aims to help accelerate the dissemination of health message information as an effort to prevent the development and spread of COVID-19, minimize HOAKS (fake news) information related to COVID-19 circulating through social media, and increase community participation and empowerment.

METHODS

Referring to the goals to be achieved, this research program is designed with an "RnD"

approach, meaning that a research program is followed up with a development program for improvement or improvement (Arikunto, 1996: 9). To produce a prototype Android-based Covid-19 spread prevention campaign model for early childhood, systematic steps are taken in the form of a process of action, reflection, evaluation and innovation by applying qualitative, descriptive, development, experiment, and evaluation research methods. This research is expected to build an inductive theory from the abstractions of data collected about the Android-based Covid-19 spread prevention campaign model for early childhood. based on the finding of meaning in the setting experienced. Early childhood that became the object of the study was children aged 6-7 years in Central Java with samples in areas with red zones and green zones using random sampling.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A. Research and Development Results

After the expert assessment for the application made, an FGD is carried out to get input from stakeholders on the application that has been made. This activity was carried out in the same place, namely the Semarang City Pembina State Kindergarten Hall by inviting resource persons and 20 participants. The second FGD was held on September 7, 2020. From the results of this FGD, several inputs were obtained, namely:

1. The background music was replaced with a nursery rhyme.

2. The buttons on the fourth through 6th sub information do not yet exist.

3. It is necessary to make more and varied games so that children do not get bored.

4. The existing writing is made briefly, it is better to use voice only.

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Journal of Curriculum Indonesia 4 (2) (2021)

5. Added voice to give appreciation to the child's answer, good for the right answer and not right for the wrong answer.

6. Scoring at the end so that children know the number of scores obtained.

7. The end button is made easier to easily log out of the application.

a. Draft model II

The draft II model is a revision of the draft I model based on suggestions and input from two experts. When conducting validation tests with media experts, material experts and linguists, researchers display the campaign application and then experts provide suggestions and input. The input received includes aspects of media and learning media used in this media. The following is an explanation of the revision process carried out on the draft I model based on suggestions and criticisms given by media expert examiners, material experts and linguists, based on the suggestions given. An explanation of the revision process is shown in two pictures.

b. Model Draft II (Improvement of Model Draft I)

The resulting draft II model is a revision of the draft model 1. From the results of this improvement, the third FGD was carried out by inviting experts, principals, teachers, parents, and students. The third FGD activity was held on September 22, 2020. This FGD activity, FGD participants consisting of principals, teachers, guardians and students were asked to assess the applications made. The results of the FGD can be summed up as follows.

1. The application is easy to run, children are happy and quick to capture information.

2. For games, it is necessary to add variations.

3. The song used as the background music was given a songwriter source.

4. The navigation buttons are still missing so there is a confusing part.

After the third FGD, the product is ready for trial. For this trial activity, 3 stages were carried out, namely one to one trials, small group trials and small group trials. For this research activity, trials will only be carried out. Results from one-to-one trials and results from small group trials, from media users. The one-to-one trial was held on Thursday, September 24, 2020 at Semarang City Pembina State Kindergarten with two 6-year-old students. Meanwhile, the small group trial was held on Monday, September 26, 2020 in the same place as the one-to-one test with respondents as many as 4 students with heterogeneous abilities. Respondents were asked to observe and study the content of the campaign application with direction from the researcher. Then students were interviewed using interview guidelines regarding their suggestions and impressions of the campaign application created. From one-to-one trials and small group trials, feedback was obtained that the campaign application made was interesting and fun to play. To find out the extent of the effectiveness of the application made, there are 10 observation points carried out and 5 questions.

The narrative of one-to-one test results from 2 students can be written as follows.

- At the beginning of using the application there is a child who turns upside down to open the application.

- Children have a bit of difficulty in closing.

- Kids enjoy operating campaign model apps.

- Children love the android-based Covid-19 prevention campaign model.

- Children easily understand the material.

- Children are able to campaign for health protocols.

Table 1. Feasibility of One on One Group Test Results

No. Statement Result

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1. Children can operate an Android Smartphone-based Covid-19 prevention campaign model application

4

2. It's easy for children to operate the Android Smartphone-based Covid-19 prevention campaign model application

5

3. Children enjoy operating the Android Smartphone-based Covid-19 prevention campaign model application

4

4. Children like the Android Smartphone-based Covid-19 prevention campaign model 4

5. Children easily understand the material provided 4

6. It's easy for children to use the application for the Covid-19 prevention campaign model based on an Android Smartphone

4

7. Children understand the material in the Android Smartphone-based Covid-19 prevention campaign model application

5

8. Children can answer information about covid-19 5

9. Children can play games in the application model for the Covid-19 prevention campaign based on an Android Smartphone

5

10. Children can campaign for the prevention of covid-19 5

Amount 45

This result for each student's answer per item is summed divided by 2. The total number of 50 points divided by 10 obtained a value of 4.5. So this application is in the good category. After the improvement of the one-to-one test results, a small group test was then carried out. The results of the small group trial can be seen in the following table and figure. This result for each student's answer per item is summed divided by 4. The total number of totals is 47 divided by 10 so that a value of 4.7 is obtained. The narrative of the results of the small group test of 4 students can be written as follows.

- At the beginning of using the application, children easily open the application.

From the overall results obtained because it is above 4.5 (with a scale of 1-5), the Android- based Covid-19 spread prevention campaign model application for early childhood can be categorized as very good.

Table 2. Feasibility of Small Group Test Results

No. Statement Result

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1. Children can operate an Android Smartphone-based Covid-19 prevention campaign model application

4

2. It's easy for children to operate the Android Smartphone-based Covid-19 prevention campaign model application

4.5

3. Children enjoy operating the Android Smartphone-based Covid-19 prevention campaign model application

5

4. Children like the Android Smartphone-based Covid-19 prevention campaign model 5

5. Children easily understand the material provided 4

6. It's easy for children to use the application for the Covid-19 prevention campaign model based on an Android Smartphone

4.5

7. Children understand the material in the Android Smartphone-based Covid-19 prevention campaign model application

5

8. Children can answer information about covid-19 5

9. Children can play games in the application model for the Covid-19 prevention campaign based on an Android Smartphone

5

10. Children can campaign for the prevention of covid-19 5

Amount 47

1. Product Eligibility

The results of product development are carried out theoretical and empirical feasibility tests.

The feasibility test process is carried out in several stages, namely expert tests, one to one test and small group tests. After going through a series of feasibility tests, the results of this development product were determined to be in the form of "Development of an Android-Based Covid-19 Prevention Campaign Model for Early Childhood".

In the process of development using qualitative descriptive methods. The qualitative method is to seek a deep understanding of everything symptoms, facts or reality (Raco, 2017: 1-2). Facts, realities, problems, symptoms and events can only be understood if researchers explore them in depth, not limited to visible phenomena. This method is most suitable to be used to find out how effectively Android-based game learning products can optimize learning in disaster areas and to reduce trauma in children victims of post-disaster disasters. Researchers in qualitative research try to understand the meaning of an event or event by trying to interact with people in the situation / phenomenon (Yusuf, 2014: 328). Murphy (2017: 49) states: As a qualitative researcher, it is vital for the interviewees to trust you. Overcoming the lack of trust with many of the interviewees took time and effort, including providing my resume, my detailed background information, IRB paperwork, overview of the study, and rescheduling the interviews.

As a qualitative researcher, it is very important for interviewees to trust you. Overcoming the lack of trust with many interviewees took time and effort, including providing my resume, my detailed background information, IRB documents, research overviews, and rescheduling interviews.

To overcome this tension, phenomenographic research methods are used in ways that are unusual in

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some ways. The main feature is that the qualitative phenomenography process is combined with quantitative frequency analysis before and after the number of responses of students who go into each description category, which is part of the results of the phenomenography study. Thus, this qualitative method can be used to describe the results of research on the development of an android- based COVID-19 spread prevention campaign model to optimize learning and reduce trauma in children after disasters in disaster areas.

2. Implementation of Field Test Activities

Research activities at this stage were carried out to determine the extent to which the android- based Covid-19 spread prevention campaign model for early childhood is effective. The management of research permits is carried out in Semarang City. The selection of the location of this study was based on the Covid-19 spread zone where the red zone in Semarang. Although in the implementation of the research, the zone of each district / city has changed the status of the distribution zone. From each research location, 2 schools were taken from different sub-districts so that 1 sub-district only had 1 school. This is due to government regulations regarding the implementation of teaching and learning activities that use online. This field test was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the Android-based Covid-19 spread prevention campaign model for early childhood before this application was disseminated. The implementation of this activity is carried out from September – October 2020 by observing health protocols and adjusting the teaching and learning activities of each District/City. Teaching and learning activities during the pandemic were carried out in SFH, so that the research sample was only taken by 5 children for each school.

The field test was held on Saturday, October 1 – 30, 2020 with respondents as many as 10 children aged 5-7 years, with heterogeneous abilities. This activity is carried out in accordance with the rules of the District/City Education Office regarding the implementation of learning. Children are asked to observe and study the contents of the application with direction from the researcher.

Then they were asked their opinions regarding the use of the Covid-19 spread prevention campaign application for early childhood. The results of the field test can be seen in the following table and figure. The narrative of the field test results can be written as follows.

- At the beginning of using the application, children easily open the application.

From the overall results obtained because it is above 4.5 (with a scale of 1-5), the Android- based Covid-19 spread prevention campaign model application for early childhood can be categorized as very good. In addition, from field tests, there are several information obtained, namely:

- Not all children have their own cell phones, their cell phones belong to parents so that the implementation of research adjusts to the free time of parents (who work in rice fields / fields and for those who work in offices).

- This condition is beneficial for the effectiveness of the campaign to prevent the spread of Covid- 19 because children will continue to remind parents to be disciplined in carrying out health protocols.

Discussion

In the discussion of this research will be discussed about the supporting and inhibiting factors of model development, implementation to model dissemination. Also conveyed the advantages and disadvantages of the resulting model.

1. Model Development

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The model is essentially a visualization or conceptual framework that is used as a guideline in carrying out activities. Gustafon and Branch (2001: 1) define a model as "a model is a simple representation of more complex forms, processes and functions of physical phenomena or ideas". A model is said to be a form that is presented simply from a complex form, containing the processes and functions of physical phenomena or ideas. The model can be developed according to needs, so it must be developed by taking into account the suitability of the user's needs to achieve effective, efficient and interesting learning objectives. Some of the supporting factors of model development are: (a) Support from various parties in designing the program and (b) the need for solutions for campaigns to prevent the spread of Covid-19.

While some obstacles in model development are: (a) The pandemic situation makes it difficult for researchers to get input from stakeholders related to the content of the Covid-19 spread prevention campaign model material, and (b) Limited research time makes researchers have to be able to design a campaign model application to prevent the spread of Covid-19 in a short time.

The model developed in this study is an android-based covid-19 prevention campaign application for early childhood. Campaign is a method and technique of political communication in order to convey the vision and mission of gaining support in a choice. The goal is to influence the political attitude of the public in order to make their political choices on those concerned rationally and objectively. Rogers and Storey (1987) quoted by Antara Venus (2007:7) define a campaign as "a series of threatened communication actions with the aim of creating a certain effect on a large number of audiences carried out continuously over a period of time". The campaign model to prevent the spread of Covid-19 is made based on Android because of the availability of facilities and infrastructure that support more optimal use of the application.

The term Android refers to an operating system for Linux-based mobile devices that includes operating systems, middleware, and applications. Android provides an open platform for developers to create their apps. Android is the operating system that powers more than a billion smartphones and tablets. Android is a platform for mobile operating systems that is open source, based on the Linux kernel. The platform allows developers to create programs in the Java programming language. The Android operating system was chosen because Android is an open operating system that allows users to add their own desired applications freely in addition to the basic applications default mobile phone.

The campaign model to prevent the spread of Covid-19 is made based on android is suitable to be applied because the teaching and learning process is carried out in SFH where students learn by utilizing cell phones. Campaign is a method and technique of political communication in order to convey the vision and mission of gaining support in a choice. The goal is to influence the political attitude of the public in order to make their political choices on those concerned rationally and objectively. In an election, of course, campaigning is the need for a candidate's spouse to socialize his political program in order to influence the public in determining his political choices. A successful campaign will succeed in attracting votes from voters, whereas a failed campaign will obviously not be able to achieve the goal of producing maximum votes in an election.

2. Model Implementation

According to Whitman & Aldinger (2009: 19), implementation is defined as a specified set of activities designed to put into practice an activity or program of known dimensions.

Implementation is defined as a specific set of activities designed to practice an activity or program with known dimensions. Furthermore, Gitlin & Czaja (2016: 366) define implementation is the constellation of processes intended to get an intervention into use within an organization, it is the means by which an intervention is assimilated into an organization. Implementation is a constellation of processes intended to obtain interventions used in an organization, it is the way in which interventions are assimilated into organizations.

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Implementation is the execution, execution, or practice of any plan, method, or design, idea, model, specification, standard or policy for doing something. As such, implementation is an action that must follow every preliminary thought in order for something to actually happen.

Implementation is defined as a specified set of activities designed to put into practice an activity or program of known dimensions (Hussein, 2013: 1). Implementation is defined as a set of activities designed to put into practice an activity or program with known dimensions.

The activity or program being implemented is described in sufficient detail so that independent observers can detect its presence and strength (Harold, 2004). The implemented activity or program is described in sufficient detail so that independent observers can detect its presence and strength. In other words implementation simply means carrying out the activities described in a work plan, therefore making Project implementation or project execution the phase where visions and plans become reality (Young, 2013). In other words, implementation means carrying out the activities described in the work plan, making Project implementation or project execution, the phase in which the vision and plans become reality.

As described above, after the model is developed, model trials are carried out ranging from one to one tests dan small group tests. In model development, expert validation tests are also carried out which include material experts, media experts and linguists. Some of the supporting factors of model implementation include: (a) This Android-based Covid-19 campaign model application program can be installed on children's cell phones because almost 100% of children have the latest series of Android phones with large capacity, (b) Operation of the program requires only the internet at the beginning of the installation of the program and all children who have, and (c) Kids are used to playing android games so it is easy for them to play the games made.

CONCLUSION

Based on the formulation of the problems raised in this study, namely: This study aims to produce an android-based campaign model application to prevent the spread of Covid 19 for early childhood. The following conclusions were obtained: (a) The resulting model is an Android-based Covid 19 spread prevention campaign model application for early childhood, (b) The results of product development are carried out theoretical and empirical feasibility tests. The feasibility test process is carried out in several stages, namely expert tests, one to one tests and small group tests.

After going through a series of feasibility tests, it was determined that the results of this development product were in the form of "Android-based Covid 19 spread prevention campaign model application for early childhood", and (c) This application can be easily installed on all brands and types of Android phones, can be played without using the internet, is interesting for children to adults, and this application is effective for campaigns to prevent the spread of covid-19.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to thank the Ministry of Education and Culture-Research and Technology for funding this dedication activity so that it is carried out well.

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