Faith must be placed in the God of the evidence and not in the evidence for God. Like Aristotle, Aquinas believes it is the function of the wise person to know order.
FOOTNOTES
Further, "this system is to be objected to because it does not take revelation as an indispensable point of departure, and therefore leaves the truth at the mercy of the clever philosopher" (Bernard Ramm, Problems in Christian Apologetics [Portland, Oreg.: Western Baptist Theological Seminary, 1949], p 22-23). Even Gordon Clark, despite his defense of "literal" talk about God, would not reach this kind of Platonic dogmatism. Weaver wrongly assumes: (1) that Aquinas believed that “man can know some things about himself and the world, whether God exists or not”; (2) "that all beings under God are to some extent involved in non-being as well as in being"; and (3) that only Van Til holds.
My biographical approach follows that of the Roman Catholic pontifical scholars from whom I took courses at a Jesuit institution, in The verse says: "This is the book of the commandments of God, and the law is forever" (Holy Bible, Douay Version, 1609).
ST. THOMAS AQUINAS
LIFE
In 1251 or 1252, the general master of the order, on the advice of Albertus Magnus and Hugo a S. Yielding to the demands of his brothers, he on several occasions took part in the deliberations of the general chapters of the order. The Summa Theologica had only been completed up to the ninetieth question of the third part (De partibus poenitentiae).
At the urgent request of the monks, he dictated a short commentary on the Song of Songs. The right arm, awarded to the University of Paris, and originally in the St. Thomas Chapel of the Dominican Church, now preserved in the Dominican Church of S. Maria Sopra Minerva in Rome, where it was transferred during the French Revolution.
WRITINGS
The monks of Fossa Nuova were eager to preserve his sacred remains, but by order of Urban V the body was ceremoniously given to his Dominican brethren. translated to the Dominican Church at Toulouse, January 28, 1369. A beautiful shrine built in 1628 was destroyed during the French Revolution and the body was transferred to the Church of St. Sernin, where it now rests in a sarcophagus of gold and silver, which was solemnly blessed by Cardinal Desprez on July 24, 1878. Prümmer, op. cit., p. 401), who says that his features corresponded to the greatness of his soul.
His complexion was “as the color of new wheat”: his head was large and well formed, and he was somewhat bald. The same illustrious Pope, by letter dated August 4, 1880, appointed him patron of all Catholic universities, academies, colleges and schools throughout the world.
General Remarks
Touron (op. cit., p. 69 sqq.) says that copies of the manuscripts were found in almost all European libraries, and that after the invention of printing, copies multiplied rapidly in Germany, Italy, and France, the works of the Summa Theologica being one of the first important printed part. Numerous other editions of this and other works were published in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The Leonine edition, begun under the patronage of Leo XIII., and now continued under the Master General of the Dominicans, will doubtless be the most complete of all.
Qajeelfama Leo XIII (Motu Proprio, Guraandhala 18, 1880) jalatti, Summa Contra Gentiles yaada Sylvester Ferrariensis waliin kan maxxanfamu yoo ta’u, yaadni Cajetan ammoo Summa Theologica wajjin deema. Fakkeenyaaf, Summa Theologica, waan baay’ee falaasama kan of keessaa qabu yoo ta’u, Summa Contra Gentiles ammoo adda durummaan, garuu addatti miti, falaasama fi dhiifama gaafachuudha.
His Principal Works in Detail
Thomas juxtaposes words from the New Testament that affirm Christ's real presence in the Blessed Sacrament and texts from the Old Testament that refer to the types and figures of the Eucharist. It is divided into two parts, known as the first part of the second (I-II or la 2ae) and the second of the second (II-II or 2a 2ae).
He deals with human actions, firstly, in general (in all but the first five questions I-II), secondly, specifically (in the whole . II-II). At the end of the diploma thesis, the answer to the criticisms is given, namely ad primum, ad secundum, etc.".
Method and Style of St. Thomas
- INFLUENCES EXERTED ON ST. THOMAS
It is impossible to mention the various editions of the Summa, which has been in continuous use for more than seven hundred years. Of all the old editions they consider the two most correct published in Padua, one in 1698, the other in 1712, and the Venice edition of 1755. He assigns its proper place to reason used in theology (see below: Influence of Saint Thomas). , but he keeps it within his own sphere.
Thomas is a medium between the rough expressiveness of some Scholastics and the fastidious elegance of John of Salisbury; it is remarkable for accuracy, brevity and completeness. Pope Innocent VI (cited in the Encyclical, Aeterni Patris, of Leo XIII) declared that, with the exception of the canonical writings, the works of St.
Natural Causes
The mere enumeration of the texts of Scripture quoted in the Summa Theologica fills eighty columns of small letters in the Migne edition, and it is not unreasonably assumed by many that he memorized the Holy Books while imprisoned in the Castle of San Giovanni. . Consutudo ecclesiae – the practice of the Church – must prevail over the authority of any doctor (II-II, Q. x. a. 12). Thomas thought that whatever there was of truth in the writings of the heathen philosophers should be taken from them, as from "unrighteous possessors," and adapted to the teachings of the true religion (Sum. theol., I, Q. lxxxiv, a 5).
In the Summa alone he quotes from the writings of 46 philosophers and poets, his favorite authors being Aristotle, Plato and among Christians. Thomas' conceptions and the majestic dignity of his treatment methods speak strongly of the sublime Plato.
Supernatural Causes
In general, the Stagirite was his master, but the sublimity and greatness of the idea of St. Thomas and the magnificent dignity of his healing methods speak strongly of the sublime Plato. Explaining why he read parts of Cassian's conferences every day, he said: "In such reading I find piety, from where I easily ascend to contemplation" (Prümmer, op. cit., p. 32). When, out of humility, he considered himself unworthy of a doctorate, a venerable monk of his order (presumably St. Dominic) appeared to encourage him and suggest the text for his introductory speech (Prümmer, op.
He takes pains to explain the various ceremonies of the Mass (De ritu Eucharistiae in Sum. Secundae knows how admirably the saint explains the gifts and fruits of the Holy Spirit, as well as the Beatitudes, and their relations with the various.
Influence on Intellectual Life
Thomas's services to the faith are thus summed up by Leo XIII in the encyclical Aeterni Patris: "He won for himself this title of distinction: that he single-handedly combated the errors of former times victoriously, and supplied invincible weapons to destroy those that might hereafter spring up. Augustine (see I, Q. lxxxiv, a. 5), followed in the footsteps of Alexander of Hales and Albertus Magnus, St. The next step was to press reason into the service of faith by putting the Christian doctrine into scientific form.
In the Encyclical Aeterni Patris Leo XIII, quoting the words of Sixtus V (Bull "Triumphantis", 1588), declares that we owe the proper use of philosophy to "those noble gifts which make scholastic theology so formidable to the enemies of truth.", because "that ready coherence of cause and effect, that order and array of a disciplined army in battle, those clear definitions and distinctions, that force of argument and those sharp discussions by which light is distinguished from darkness , the true from the false. , expose and expose, as it were, the lies of the heretics enveloped in a cloud of deception and error." Since their days no essential improvements have been made in the plan and system of theology, though the field of apologetics has expanded and positive theology has become more important.
St. Thomas’s Doctrine Followed
The objections to Aristotle would cease if the real Aristotle were known; therefore his first concern was to obtain a new translation of the works of the great philosopher. On the death of Thomas, the University of Paris sent an official letter of condolence to the General Chapter of the Dominicans, stating that, like his brothers, the University was saddened by the loss of one who was theirs by many titles. (see the text of the letter in Vaughan, op. cit., II, p. 82). In the encyclical Aeterni Patris, Leo XIII mentions the universities of Paris, Salamanca, Alcalá, Douai Toulouse, Louvain, Padua, Bologna, Naples, Coimbra as "homes of human wisdom, where Thomas reigned, and the mind of all teachers as well as instructed, rested in a wonderful harmony under the shield and authority of the Angelic Doctor".
But the main and special glory of Thomas, which he did not share with any Catholic doctor, is that the Tridentine Fathers made the laying on the altar part of the order of the conclave, together with the codex of the Holy Scriptures and the decrees of the Supreme Pontiffs, the Summa of Thomas Aquinas, where to seek advice, reason and inspiration. Thomas in verse", and commentators trace the divisions and descriptions of the great Florentine poet's virtues and weaknesses in Secunda Secundae.
Appreciation of St. Thomas (1) In the Church
- ST. THOMAS AND MODERN THOUGHT
Doctor, the blessed Thomas", calls him "the great source of light of the Catholic Church, the gem of the priesthood, the flower of the doctors and the bright mirror of the University of Paris" (Drane, op. cit., p. 431). On the pages of the encyclical immediately preceding these words he explains why the teaching of St. Thomas would have justified Leo XIII in itself in assuring the men of the nineteenth century that the Catholic Church was not opposed to the proper use of reason.
Thomas' writings; and the doubters think of the physical and experimental sciences, for in metaphysics the scholastics are admitted as masters. Thomas' writings the principles and wise rules which should govern scientific criticism of the holy books.
CONTENTS
THE FIRST PART
FIRST PART OF THE SECOND PART
SECOND PART OF THE SECOND PART
THIRD PART
Of Christ's circumcision, and of the other legal observances which were accomplished in regard to the Child Christ.
THE SUPPLEMENT
A COMMENTARY ON
General judgments as to the time and place in which it will be.
