atoll research bulletin

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ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN

A p r e l i m i n a r y l i s t of t h e a l g a l f l o r a of t h e Midway I s l a n d s

by

Richard G . Buggeln

I s s u e d by

THE PACIFIC SCIENCE BOARD

N a t i o n a l Academy of S c i e n c e s - N a t i o n a l Research Council Washington, D . C .

J u l y 1 5 , 1965

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A

preliminary list of the algal flora of the Midway Islands

by

1

/

Richard

G.

~uggeln-

Algal collections which have been reported from the Hawaiian Islands are largely based on materials collected from the more acces- sible and most heavily populated islands of Oahu, Maui, Molokai, Hawaii, and Kauai. However, collections have also been recorded from

two of the lesser islands in the northwestern part of the Hawaiian chain: Laysan Island (Lemmermann, 1905) and Pearl and Hermes Reef

(Howe, 1934). To the author's knowledge there have been no published reports of algae collected from the Midway Islands--two islands situated on one of the last atolls toward the northwestern end of the Hawaiian archipelago.

On a trip to the Midway Islands, January 12 through 16, 1962, Dr. Charles H. Lamoureux of the Botany Department, University of Hawaii, collected algae which had drifted onto several of the beaches of both islands after a storm. These algae are listed below.

The Midway Islands (177'25' W. Longitude and 28O 15'

N.

Latitude) are on an atoll located 1300 statute miles northwest of Honolulu, Hawaii. The diameter of this circular coral atoll is about 5 miles.

Wide reefs jut out of the water on the northeast side. The two islands, Sand and Eastern, are situated in the lagoon inside but near the

southern rim. Around the inside of the rim of the atoll is a wide margin of shallow water which drops off toward the center of the atoll

into the depths of the lagoon.

Sand Island, the larger of the two islands, is one and a half miles in length along the north-south axis and a mile wide along the

east-west axis. The island has a maximum elevation of

43

feet. Eastern Island, located about a mile and a half across the shallows to the east of Sand Island is relatively flat and triangular in shape. The longest of the three sides of the island is oriented in an east-west direction and is about one and a half miles long.

-

1/

Botany Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822.

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The c o l l e c t i o n numbers c i t e d a r e t h o s e of t h e c a t a l o g u e d s e r i a l l i s t i n g s of t h e specimens i n t h e herbarium of D r . Maxwell S . Doty, Botany Department, I J n i v e r s i t y of Hawaii. The m a t e r i a l from Sand I s l a n d h a s t h e f o l l o w i n g numbers: 18725 t o 18731, and 18739 t o 18754; t h o s e specimens from E a s t e r n I s l a n d have t h e numbers:

18704 t o 18719, 18732 t o 18738, and 18754 t o 18762.

Acknowledgments

The a u t h o r w i s h e s t o thank b o t h D r . Maxwell S . Doty and

D r . A l b e r t J. Bernatowicz f o r t h e i r c r i t i c a l r e a d i n g of t h i s manuscript and f o r a l l o w i n g t h e a u t h o r t o u s e t h e i r l i b r a r i e s d u r i n g t h e p r e p a r a t i o n of t h i s f l o r a l l i s t .

CYANOPHYTA

Lyngbya majuscula Gomont, 1892: 151, p l . 3 , f i g s . 3 & 4 . C o l l e c t i o n numbers 18756, 18715, 18742B, and 18754F.

Masses of long i n t e r t w i n i n g f i l a m e n t s , 65 microns i n d i a m e t e r were f r e q u e n t l y e n t a n g l e d w i t h l a r g e r a l g a e .

CHLOROPHYTA Ulva s p .

-

C o l l e c t i o n number 18719.

The specimens, t o o young f o r s p e c i f i c i d e n t i f i c a t i o n , were ovoid i n shape, 1 t o 2 cm i n b r e a d t h .

Boodlea vanbosseae Reinbold

&

Weber van Bosse, 1913: 70, 1 2 ; Dawson, 1956: 2 9 , f i g . 6.

T h i s was a t h i c k l y woven mass of f i l a m e n t s composed of c e l l s 150 t o 175 microns wide and 2 t o 4 times a s l o n g . A main a x i s o r a x e s c o u l d n o t be d i s t i n g u i s h e d by t h e s i z e of t h e f i l a m e n t s : They a l l had a

uniform d i a m e t e r . F r e q u e n t l y , t h e a p i c a l c e l l of t h e f i l a m e n t had developed i n t o a long m u l t i c e l l u l a r r h i z o i d of s l e n d e r d i a m e t e r and anastomosed w i t h a n o t h e r f i l a m e n t through t h e p r o d u c t i o n of a t e n a c u l a r c e l l . The m a t e r i a l a g r e e s w i t h t h a t f i g u r e d i n Weber van Bosse (1913).

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Boodlea sp

The m a t e r i a l was matted more o r l e s s l o o s e l y and e n t a n g l e d w i t h and connected w i t h p i e c e s o f c o r a l and Halimeda. Branching ^' o c c u r r e d a t random w i t h l a t e r a l s c u t o f f by a c r o s s w a l l b u t n o t n e c e s s a r i l y n e a r t h e t r a n s v e r s e w a l l of t h e p a r e n t c e l l . F r e q u e n t l y a l a t e r a l o f i n d e t e r m i n a t e l e n g t h was long and a t t e n u a t e d and had produced a t e r m i n a l t e n a c u l a r c e l l which adhered t o a n o t h e r f i l a m e n t . The d i a m e t e r of t h e major a x i s n e a r t h e b a s a l h o l d f a s t was 200 microns and t h a t of t h e secondary axes above was 150 microns.

Microdictyon s e t c h e l l i a n u m Howe, 1934; Egerod, 1952: 366, p l . 33, f i g . 6c-g.

This l o o s e t o compact clump, 1 cm a c r o s s , was growing i n t e r - twined w i t h x a c a p i l l a c e a (187193). The d i a m e t e r of t h e c e l l s was 450 microns w i t h no prominent c e n t r a l a x i s .

S t r u v e a anastomosans (Harvey) P i c c . & Grun. ex P i c c o n e , 1884a;

Egerod, 1952: 359, p l . 31, f i g . 4 a - h . C o l l e c t i o n number 18709.

T h i s specimen was growing on a s m a l l b a s a l t s t o n e .

Udotea j a v e n s i s

-

(Montagne) A . & E . S. Gepp, 1904; T a y l o r , 1950: 73.

: o l l e c t i o n number 18706B.

This s m a l l specimen was 3 . 5 mm h i g h from r h i z o i d t o apex w i t h a s t i p e of 110 microns and w i t h f i l a m e n t s of 55 microns d i a m e t e r compos- i n g t h e monostromatic b l a d e . The b l a d e had a w i d t h of 1 mm; t h e i n d i v i d u a l f i l a m e n t s of t h e b l a d e were c o n s t r i c t e d a t i r r e g u l a r i n t e r v a l s above ,the d i c h o t o m i e s . The specimen was r e f e r r e d t o t h i s s p e c i e s because

g.

j a v e n s i s h a s been commonly r e p o r t e d from Hawaiian w a t e r s . I t i s p o s s i b l e , however, t h a t t h e a l g a might b e a j u v e n i l e s t a g e of a l a r g e r s p e c i e s of Udotea.

Codium arabicum Kuetzing, 1856; Egerod, 1952: 382, p l . 34, b. f i g s . 11-13.

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 18741A and 18712B.

The t h a l l i , 4 cm a c r o s s , were f l a t t e n e d and c l o s e l y a p p r e s s e d t o t h e s u r f a c e of c o r a l f r a g m e n t s .

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Codium e d u l e S i l v a

&

Egerod, 1952: 3 9 2 , p l . 3 5 , b , f i g . 1 8 .

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 18740B, 18759B, 18741B, 18712B, 18725C,and 18733.

The s p e c i m e n s a l l d i s p l a y e d t h e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c a n a s t o m o s i n g

b e t w e e n <he dichotomous b r a n c h e s . The l o n g e s t o f t h e s ~ e c i m e n s

-

was 1 0 cm.

The b r a n c h e s werc f r e q u e n t l y a n a s t o m o s e d w i t h t h e s e g m e n t s o f Halimeda i n c r a s s a t a .

Codium r e e d i a e S i l v a - i n E g e r o d , 1952: 3 8 9 , p l . 3 6 , f i g . 1 7 .

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 18740A, 18733A, 18725A, 18712A, and 18759A.

The c o l l e c t i o n i n c l u d e d s p e c i m e n s of 1 5 , 20, and 25 cm i n

l e n g t h . The b r a n c h i n g was f r e e l y d i c h o t o m o u s w i t h no a n a s t o m o s i n g b e - tween b r a n c h e s .

Halimeda d i s c o i d e a D e c a i s n e , 1842; H i l l i s , 1959: 352, p l . 2, f i g . 5 ; p l . 5 , f i g . 1 1 ; p l . 6 , f i g . 11.

A s i n g l e s t e r i l e s p e c i m e n a b o u t 8 cm h i g h was i d e n t i f i e d . The s i z e o f t h e segments was q u i t e v a r i a b l e i n b o t h w i d t h and l e n g t h and t h e y were l i g h t l y c a l c i f i e d w i t h a n a v e r a g e t h i c k n e s s o f 1 t o 1 . 4 mm.

The l a r g e s t segment was 2 x 1 . 2 5 cm. Two t o 5 s e g m e n t s a r o s e from t h e s p i c a l end of e a c h l o w e r segment. I n s u r f a c e view, t h e u t r i c l e s were 5 t o 7 s i d e s and a s y m m e t r i c a l l y compact w i t h no i n t e r u t r i c u l a r s p a c e s . The o u t e r s u r f a c e s a p p e a r e d smooth w i t h a d i a m e t e r o f 70 t o 100 m i c r o n s .

Halimeda i n c r a s s a t a ( E l l i s ) Lamouroux, 1816; H i l l i s , 1959: 365, p l . 4 : f i g . 1 - 2 ; p l . 5, f i g . 6 , f i g . 21-24.

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 18707, 18747, 18738, and 18758.

The c o l l e c t i o n s i n c l u d e d f r a g m e n t s o f l a r g e r t h a l l i and o n e e n t i r e a l g a 6 cm i n h e i g h t . The s e g m e n t s were h e a v i l y c a l c i f i e d and o f u n i f o r m s i z e and s h a p e , 4 t o 7 mm i n w i d t h and 4 mm h i g h . I n s u r f a c e view, t h e u t r i c l e s were r o u n d t o s l i g h t l y o v a l and m e a s u r e d 1 0 t o 18 m i c r o n s i n d i a m e t e r . The u t r i c l e s w e r e n o t a p p r e s s e d t o e a c h o t h e r and i n t e r u t r i c u l a r s p a c e s were p r e s e n t . The b r a n c h i n g was d i - and t r i c h o t o m o u s and i n one p l a n e .

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PHAEOPHYTA

Ectocarpus i n d i c u s Sonder Z o l l i n g e r , 1854; Bhergesen, 1941: 1 6 , f i g s . 6-7.

The fragmentary m a t e r i a l was s t e r i l e b u t t h e method of b r a n c h i n g was i n ~ i c a t i v e of t h e s p e c i e s . The l a t e r a l s a r o s e from a c e n t r a l u n i s e r i a t e f i l a m e n t w i t h an a c u t e a d a x i a l a n g l e between t h e l a t e r a l and c e n t r a l a x i s . The c e l l s i n t h e f i l a m e n t s were q u i t e v a r i a b l e i n l e n g t h .

S p h a c e l a r i a s p .

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 18746, 18754D, and 18703D.

All. of t h e m a t e r i a l , 8 mm h i g h , was t o o young f o r c e r t a i n s p e c i f i c i d e n t i f i c a t i o n . The p r o p a g u l e s were k n o b - l i k e and measured 100 microns long by 70 microns wide a t t h e expanded apex, b u t i t appeared t h a t t h e d i v i s i o n s a t t h e widened p o r t i o n were n o t y e t com- p l e t e d . A t t h i s s t a g e of growth, t h e propagules c o u l d develop i n t o e i t h e r t h o s e of S. t r i b u l o i d e s o r

2.

n o v a e - h o l l a n d i a e . U n i l o c u l a r s p o r a n a i a w i t h a-diameter of 40 microns were borneon s h o r t p e d i c e l s .

-

The segments o f c e l l s composing t h e v e g e t a t i v e axes had a l e n g t h and b r e a d t h of more o r l e s s e q u a l dimensions.

D i c t y o t a c r e n u l a t a 3 . Agardh, 1847; B6ergesen, 1914: 56, f i g s . 36-37.

The fragmentary m a t e r i a l had t h e d i s t i n c t s m a l l c r e n u l a t i o n s a l o n g t h e margins which s u g g e s t e d t h a t t h e 2 cm p i e c e s c o u l d b e p l a c e d i n t h i s taxon.

D i c t y o t a d i v a r i c a t a Lamourow, 1809; T a y l o r , 1928: 120.

This s i n g l e specimen measured 6 cm i n l e n g t h , 3 mm broad a t t h e t o r n - o f f b a s e , and 10 microns wide a t t h e a t t e n u a t e d t i p s . The m a t e r i a l was f e r t i l e and b o r e mature s p h e r i c a l oogonia 6 t o 8 microns i n d i a m e t e r . These were n o t grouped i n t o s o r i , a l t h o u g h f r e q u e n t l y i n t r i a d s , b u t were g e n e r a l l y e v e n l y d i s t r i b u t e d toward t h e t i p of t h e t h a l l u s . The r e p r o d u c t o r y s t r u c t u r e s were c o n s i d e r e d t o b e o o g o n i a l r a t h e r t h a n s p o r a n g i a l because of t h e absence of t h e c l a s s i c a l ' t e t r a - s p o r i c ' d i v i s i o n s which a r e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c of t h e s p o r a n g i a i n t h i s genus.

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Zonaria sp.

Collection numbers 18729, 18745, and 18716.

The material was young. In cross-section the medulla con- sisted of one layer of large square cells. The cortex, both above and below, was also mostly monostromatic with evidence of ensuing periclinal divisions. On the ventral surface rhizoids were present.

RHODOPHYTA

Falkenbergia hil.1ebrandii (Bornet) Fallcenberg, 1901; ~dergesen, --

1910: 199, fig. 17; Feldmann

&

Feldmann, 1942: 89.

Collection number 18751.

This sterile material was epiphytic on segments of Halimeda incrassata. Fragments of this species were also comonly found with other small. epiphytes.

Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Coll.

&

Herv., 1917; Bbergesen, 1915-1920:

352, figs. 347-351.

Collection numbers 18742 and 18714.

The specimens were 7 to 8 cm high with rhizoidal, creeping bases attached to segments of Ilalimeda incrassata. Club-shaped spermatangial stichidia, 700 microns long,were b x n e on lateral branchlets. These had a basal diameter of 74 microns and 225 microns at the apex.

Galaxaura cylindrica (Ell.

&

Soll.) Kjellmann, 1900: 64, pl. 8, figs. 34-42.

Collection numbers 18750 and 18736.

Two sterile specimens of 7 and 9 cm height were identified by Mr. Gavino Trono, Jr., Botany Department, University of Hawaii.

Hydrolithon reinboldii (W. v-B.

6

Foslie) Foslie, 1909; Weber van Bosse

&

Foslie, 1904: 49, fig. 21, pl. 10, fig. 1-6.

Collection numbers 18748 and 18749.

This coralline crust was growing on coral fragments. The hypo-

thallial cells were 15 microns long and the perithallus was constructed

of irregularly shaped cells. The specimens corresponded well with the

description and figures in Weber van Bosse

&

Foslie (1904).

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J a n i a c.api1lacea Harvey, 1.8!53; Dawson, 1953: 116.

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 1871.2, 187195, and 18'735.

'i'hc small. z l g a of 3 nnn h e i g h t was found f r e q u e n t l y e n t a n g l e d w i t h l a r g e r a l g a e i n c l u d i n g Microdictyon

- -

s e t c h e l l i a n u n ~ . The diameter of t h e dichotomous1.y b r a n c h i z a x e s was 100 t o 110 microns. The m a t e r i a l . was s t e r i l e .

IIypnea s p i n e l l a ( J . Ag.) I<uetzing. 1849; Bhergesen, 1920: 384, f i g . 369.

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 18710 and 18757.

S e v e r a l s m a l l cl.uin~~s 2 t o 4 cm i n d i a m e t e r and 1 cm h i g h were i d e n t i f i e d . These clumps of i n t r i c a t e l y woven, t e r e t c axes w i t h s h o r t s p i n y l a t e r a l branches f r e q u e n t l y anastomosed w i t h each o t h e r and w i t h segments of

---

Halimeda i n c r a s s a t a . The m a t e r i a l was s t e r i l e .

p l . 28, f i - g s . 14-18.

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 18760, 18737, 18728, and 18706.

The specimens v a r i e d i n h e i g h t from 2 t o 8 cm and fragments were commonly e x t r a c t e d froin o t h e r a l g a e . T e t r a h e d r a l t e t r a s p o r e s

were c u t o f f by nodal c o r t i c a t i n g c e l . 1 ~ o f t h e u n i s e r i a t e l a t e r a l s . The t e t r a s p o r e s , o c c u r r i n g 3 t:o 5 on a b r a n c h l c t , tended t o be borne on t h e a d a x i a l s u r f a c e although t h e y were o f t e n produced l a t e r a l l y .

C e n t r o c e r a s

-- -

clavulatuin

-

(Ag.) Montagne

-

i n Durieu,1846; T a y l o r , 1950: 139.

This materiall. was e p i p h y t i c on segments o f Halimeda i n e r a s s a t 5 and a l s o eonunonly found on o t h e r a l g a e .

m - 5 p e d i c e l l a t a -. (C. Agardh) C. Agardh, 1824; T a y l o r , 1937: 326;

Dawson, 1954: 4.51, f i g . 5 6 j . Col%ecti.on number 18743.

A s i n g l e t e t r a s p o r i e specimsn 3 . 5 cm high, a t t a c h e d t o a p i e c e of c o r a l , was i d e n t i f i e d as D. e e d i c e l l a t a by comparison w i t h Daruson's c o l l e c t i o n (1.954) of a s h o r t m a t u r e specimen of s i m i l a r d e s c r i p t i o n which he p l a c e d i n t h i s t a x o n . The main axes were nude below b u t d e n s e l y covered w i t h b r a n c h i n g mon.osiphonous l a t e r a l s above. The l a t e r a l f i l a m e n t s had a d i a m e t e r of 25 t o 35 microns a t t h e b a s e and

5 t o 7 microns a t t h e t i p . The j u v e n i l e s t i e h i d i a were 230 t o 250 microns i n l e n g t h , 8 0 t o 90 microns wide, and l a n c e o l a t e i n shape. The t e t r a - s p o r e s , t h e l a r g e s t w i t h a d i a m e t e r of 25 t o 30 microns, were n o t y e t f u l l y d i v i d e d . With t h e e x c e p t i o n o f t h e s m a l l s t a t u r e , t h i s specimen a g r e e s w i t h t h e d e s c r i p t i o n g i v e n by Tayl-or (1937).

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Taenioma p e r p u s i l l u m J . Agardh, 1.863; Okamura, 1930: I c o n e s 6 , pl.. 264, f i g s . 17-19.

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 18726, 18753, and 18750B.

This a l g a was commonly mixed w i t h t h e o t h e r s m a l l e p i p h y t i c a l g a e and was e a s i l y r e c o g n i z e d by i t s d o r s i - v e n t r a l h a b i t , t e r m i n a l t r i c h o b l a s t s a t t h e ends o f t h e e r e c t a x e s , and t h e s i n g l e - c e l l e d r h i z o i d a r i s i n g from a v e n t r a l p e r i c e n t r a l c e l l w i t h no c r o s s w a l l s e p a r a t i o n . The d i a m e t e r o f t h e p r o s t r a t e f i l a m e n t was 140 microns and t h e r h i z o i d s . 45 microns. The m a t e r i a l was s t e r i l e .

Herposiphonia t e n e l l a (C. Ag.) Ambronn, 1880: Bhergesen, 1918: 286,

- -- ^{-- -}

f i g s . 287-289.

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 18730, 18707, and 18754A.

The c r e e p i n g , p r o s t r a t e p o r t i o n of t h i s s m a l l e p i p h y t e gave r i s e t o e r e c t branches 1 mm i n h e i g h t a t random i n t e r v a l s along t h e d o r s a l s u r f a c e of t h e p r o s t r a t e f i l a m e n t s ; r h i z o i d s were c u t o f f from t h e a p i c a l end of t h e v e n t r a l p e r i c e n t r a l c e l l s of n e a r l y e v e r y segment. The d i a m e t e r of t h e p r o s t r a t e p o r t i o n was 125 microns and t h e e r e c t , 60 t o 85 microns. The a l g a was a common e p i p h y t e among t h e c o l - l e c t i o n s of l a r g e r a l g a e . No f e r t i l e m a t e r i a l was found.

P o l s i p h o n i a s p .

2 - -

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 18713, 18750, and 18705.

These specimens were conmonly found on c o r a l f r a g m e n t s , segments of Halimeda, and mixed w i t h o t h e r s m a l l a l g a l e p i p h y t e s . Both t h e b r a n c h i n g , p r o s t r a t e system and t h e non-branching, e r e c t

f i l a m e n t s had 12 t o 1 5 p e r i c e n t r a l c e l l s . m e e r e c t a x e s , born

d o r s a l l y on t h e p r o s t r a t e a x e s , were s e p a r a t e d from each o t h e r by one o r more seglnents w i t h no a p p a r e n t r e g u l a r i t y . The p e r i c e n t r a l c e l l s were 50 microns long a n d 1 3 5 microns i n d i a m e t e r . U n i c e l l u l a r r h i z o i d s wsre c u t o f f by a c r o s s w a l l and a r o s e from t h e middle of t h e v e n t r a l p e r i c e n t r a l c e l l s 01 t h e p r o s t r a t e a x e s . The t i p s of t h e r h i z o i d s w&re e i t h e r s l i g h t l y branched o r d i s c o i d . No f e r t i l e m a t e r i a l was

found.

P o l y s i p h o n i a s p .

-

C o l l e c t i o n number 18704A.

The e r e c t a x i s , 6 mm h i g h , was composed o f segments of 4 p e r i - c e n t r a l c e l l s ; each p e r i c e n t r a l c e l l measured 140 microns s q u a r e . There were no p r o s t r a t e p o r t i o n s , and t h e e r e c t f i l a m e n t a r o s e from a b a s a l clump of r h i z o i d s . Above one p e r i c e n t r a l c e l l i n each segment was a s c a r c e l l . These l a t t e r c e l l s were a r r a n g e d i n a s p i r a l i n g sequence on t h e t h a l l u s . This specimen a g r e e d w i t h one of D r . G . J . ~ o l l e n b e r g ' s t e n t a t i v e S p e c i e s , i n m a n u s c r i p t .

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P o l y s i p h o n i a s p .

An e r e c t a x i s 7 mm long, w i t h 4 p e r i c e n t r a l c e l l s was borne from a t u f t of r h i z o i d s a t t h e b a s e . The p e r i c e n t r a l c e l l s were 140 microns long and 70 microns wide. P r o s t r a t e p o r t i o n s were n o t a p p a r e n t . T r i c h o b l a s t s were p r e s e n t o n l y a t t h e t i p s of t h e branches w i t h a s c a r c e l l p r e s e n t above one p e r i c e n t r a l c e l l i n e v e r y segment and u l t i m a t e l y a r r a n g e d i n s p i r a l sequence on t h e t h a l l u s . There was l i t t l e b r a n c h i n g e x c e p t f o r s e v e r a l major d i c h o t o m i e s . The m a t e r i a l a g r e e d w i t h one of D r . G . J . H o l l e n b e r g ' s t e n t a t i v e s p e c i e s , i n m a n u s c r i p t .

Laurencia o b t u s a (Huds.) Lamouroux v a r .

densa

Yamada, 1931: 226, p l . 17, f i g . c ; Dawson, 1954: 458, f i g . 61 H .

Densely e n t a n g l e d mats, 3 t o 4 cm h i g h were i d e n t i f i e d . A l l a x e s were a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1 mm i n d i a m e t e r and t h e y were f r e q u e n t l y anastomosed w i t h Halimeda. The primary branches a s w e l l a s t h e secondary l a t e r a l s were g i v e n o f f i n s p i r a l s u c c e s s i o n , t h e l a t t e r were s l i g h t l y t a p e r e d a t t h e b a s e and were up t o 5 mm l o n g . The c o r t i c a l c e l l s were a p p r o x i - m a t e l y 30 t o 4 0 microns wide and 50 t o 60 microns l o n g . The o u t e r p e r i - c l i n a l w a l l of t h e c o r t i c a l c e l l s was about 10 microns t h i c k . L e n t i c u l a r t h i c k e n i n g s were common i n t h e m e d u l l a r y c e l l s . The m a t e r i a l was s t e r i l e . Laurencia p a r v i p a p i l l a t a Tseng. 1943b; Dawson, 1854: 458, f i g . 61g.

C o l l e c t i o n number 187541,.

This s m a l l a l g a , 1.75 cm long corresponded w e l l w i t h Dawson's f i g u r e (1954)

.

Chondria ~ h e r g e s e n , 1924; Tanaka, 1963: 66, f i g . 4a-d.

C o l l e c t i o n numbers 187541: and 18749A.

T h i s m a t e r i a l was common on s m a l l p i e c e s of c o r a l and was f r e q u e n t l y anastomosed w i t h fragments of S e y r i d i a and L a u r e n c i a . T h i s s m a l l a l g a had b o t h a p r o s t r a t e p o r t i o n and a n e r e c t system, the l a t t e r h a v i n g a h e i g h t of 4 t o 5 m . The t e r e t e v e g e t a t i v e t h a l l u s had a n e a r l y uniform d i a m e t e r of 210 t o 250 microns. T e t r a h e d r a l t e t r a s p o r e s 70 t o 130 microns i n d i a m e t e r were s c a t t e r e d a t t h e ends of e r e c t , d e t e r m i n a t e b r a n c h e s . The t e t r a s p o r a n g i a l branches were b r o a d l y c l a v a t e when young and became l e s s expanded when o l d e r . These mature branches had a d i a m e t e r of 720 t o 740 microns a t t h e apex and 250 microns a t t h e a x i l . E r e c t v e g e t a t i v e

branches produced secondary l a t e r a l s s p a r i n g l y . I n c r o s s - s e c t i o n , t h e c o r t i c a l c e l l s were more o r l e s s t h e same s i z e a s t h e medullary c e l l s , about 100 microns i n d i a m e t e r . The specimens a g r e e d w e l l w i t h Tanaka's d e s c r i p t i o n (1963).

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Weber van Bosse, A , , & M. Foslie. 1904. The Corallinaceae of the Siboga Expedition. Siboga Expeditie. 61: 1-100.

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