Balinese Culture - Indonesia
Group Presentation
UHMZ – Malaysian Culture Course
Outlin e
01 About Indonesia
02 Bali Island
Subak System
Balinese Attire
Balinese Marriage
03
04
05
About Indonesia
Official Name : Republic of Indonesia Capital : Jakarta
Official Language : Indonesian
Regional Language : Over 700 languages Ethnic groups : over 1300
Province : 38 Independence
- Proclaimed : 17 August 1945 - Recognition : 27 December 1949 Population : ~ 270 Million
Motto : Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversity)
•Religion (2018) : - 86.7% Islam
- 10.7% Christianity - 1.7% Hinduism - 0.8% Buddhism
Flag
(Merah Putih)
Coat of arms (Burung Garuda)
Bali Island
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Area
Bali : 5,780 km2
Negeri Sembilan : 6,658 km2 Singapore : 733 km2
Bali 0.87X than Negeri Sembilan Bali 7.8X than Singapore
Capital : Denpasar
Nickname(s) : Pulau Dewata (Indonesian) "Island of gods“
Languages : Indonesian (official), Balinese (native) Religion: - 86.91% Hinduism
- 10.05% Islam
- 2.35% Christianity - 0.68% Buddhism - 0.01% others
Subak System
The Balinese are predominantly wet-rice farmers Individuals own tiny plots of paddy
Owners of paddy plots watered by the same irrigation canal
• Subak is farmers’ organizations that collectively manage irrigation systems on rice terraces, as well as water template
• It inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2012
• The subak system, which dates back to at least the 12th century, embodies the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana (three causes of goodness): harmony between humans and the spiritual realm, between humans and nature, and among humans
• Bali has about 1,200 subaks
The Balinese believe that all land belongs to deities, and every action on the land
requires a ritual to seek the gods’
permission, or else the farmers will have bad luck, in the form of pests, diseases or other disturbances
Balinese Attire
Udeng
kamen belt
Bun
to tidy up the woman’s hair
Kebaya
for women top- outfit
Flowers
Accessories
Balinese Marriage
The married system in Bali follows the Male line descendant.
Balinese follows Wangsa system that divides their society into a particular social group
There are two kinds of Wangsa different marriage in Bali, Jero and nyerod.
Those are wife Wangsa is lower than husband Wangsa that is called jero
Those are wife Wangsa is higher than husband Wangsa that is called nyerod
Wangsa is a grace or gift from the local ruler, and it is passed down through generations.
Wangsa obtained through bloodlines father.
The title of wangsa is divided into two, namely the title of triwangsa and the title of jaba.
Triwangsa titles It consists of Brahmins, Knights, and Weisya.
The title of jaba for the fourth dynasty is Sudra
Balinese Foods
Sate Lilit
Sate Lilit is made by wrapped the meat around
Previously, the meat was finely chopped and mixed with Balinese spices
Then wrap it around the stems of lemongrass or bamboo stalks
In general, the meat that used in Sate Lilit includes chicken, pork, or mackerel
Balinese Foods
Ayam Betutu
Ayam Betutu is flavored with spices with a very spicy texture.
Uniquely, the spices are put into the inside of the chicken’s stomach.
Then the meat is wrapped in banana leaves and baked using husk fire embers which take up to 24 hours, so that it can produce an authentic savory, soft and spicy flavor.
In addition, Betutu does not always use chicken meat, sometimes it use ducks.
Balinese Foods
Lawar is a mixture of vegetables and minced meat which is specially made using Balinese spices.
Generally, Lawar is processed using a mixture of pork, but it turns out that Muscovy duck is also an alternative meat that is favored by the Balinese people.
Usually, the chopped Muscovy duck meat will be mixed with pieces of long bean and grated coconut and covered with Balinese spices.
Lawar Kuwir will be more enjoyable if eaten with
warm white rice with satay wrap, peanuts, shredded Ayam Betutu, and a bowl of jukut ares (banana stem
Preserving Culture
1.Formal and Official Regulation (Bali Governor’s Regulation) 2.Local Community Engagement
3.Architecture 4.Language
5.Education (formal & Non-Formal)
Formal and Official Regulation
Section 3 : Balinese Language Usage Section 4 : Balinese Script Usage
Section 5 : Balinese Language Month
Section 6 : Establishment of Language Institutes and Their Organizations
IMPLEMENTATION
1. The province and resident government: Inventory, security, maintenance, rescue, and publication
2. Inventory: recording and documenting, assigning, and updating data.
3. Security: updating data on Balinese language, script, and
The Banjar
Bale Banjar [Suwardani et all, 2018]
Bali has a community organization system consisting of traditional villages or now to be called Pakraman Village.
Each pakraman village has several smaller territories called banjar.
Banjar is led by one or more leaders who can act both inside and outside for the benefit of their citizens and possess material and material
wealth.
There are two types of banjar in the Balinese community, namely the traditional banjar and the official banjar.
Usually between one banjar and another banjar has a different structure and number of administrators
The organizational structure of the banjar:
(1) Kelian Banjar (Head of Banjar)
(2) Petajuh, as a clerk to help Kelian Banjar (3) Kesinoman (interpreter), as a liaison (4) Krama (member) of the banjar.
Architectural preservation
The Balinese Culture manifested in the Balinese Architecture Form
Entrance Gate Lotus Pond Entrance Hall
Description:
Straight entrances (vehicles and pedestrians) (enclosed in flower gardens and coconut trees) are symmetrical placed against a lotus pond in front of the entrance hall. The entrance hall building and the stacked Limas roof lobby building (Suryono) - the stone fence is a form representing harmonious-spiritual relations with the local nature
Stone Fence
Lotus Pond
Balinese Script
- Balinese Scripts known as anacaraka, Java script Hanacaraka - Same words, same meaning : dahar (eat), sampun (already), etc - Same words, different meaning :
- budal (B: return, J: go)
- gedang (B: papayas, J: banana) - rabi (B: Wife, J:to marry)
Balinese Script
Java Script
Balinese Script Usage
The Use of Balinese Scripts (Bali’s Governor regulation no 80/2018, Article 6) Balinese Scripts is mandatory to be placed above Latin Scripts in the writing name of :)
a. Balinese temples;
b. Customary institution;
c. Building inauguration inscription;
d. building;
e. government institutions;
f. private institution;
g. road/street name;
h. tourism facilities; and
Language and Script
Balinese Temple
Bali International Airport
Governor Office Restaurant
Street Name
Community House
Tourist Destination Name Tag
Education
The Denpasar Art Institute of Indonesia Local Art Studio Bali Carnaval
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