Dinda Aulya Rahmah 11200140000001 4A
Book Response Form
Book title: Practice Makes Perfect:
English Conversation Author: Jean Yates
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education Date published: 2012
Type of book: Reference
Number of pages: 176 Book code: 9780071770859
Chapters
1. Chapter 1 - Introducing yourself and others
This chapter consists of the example of conversation while meeting at a party, and the expression to improve the conversation like I’m, glad/happy to meet you, right, correct, Am, do etc. as a matter of fact, just, to get in, I can assure you that… /you can be sure (that)…, party animal, extraordinaire, what do you do, tell me about yourself, awesome, nonstop schedule, a mix, hopefully, a couple of, a good guy, the local scene, to show someone a good time, thanks so much, to be in good shape, to be looking forward to something, to have in store for, and to show up on someone’s doorstep.
2. Chapter 2 - Expressing opinions, likes, and dislikes
This chapter consists of the example of a conversation getting acquainted, and the expression to improve the conversation like love, what do you think of..., are you kidding me, up for, stand, big fan, going-away present, tell, say, speak, finally, so, actually/as a matter of fact, even if, plus, to be honest with you, yeah, man, get along, hang out, grab a bite, roomie, scholarship, and little league.
3. Chapter 3 - Describing people, places, and things
This chapter consists of the example of a conversation talking about roommates, and the expression to improve the conversation like so, to be like, will, well, dude, basically, actually/ the truth is, really, hardly ever, at least, what about..., I mean, in the first place, then, come on, wonder, quite the character, and fraternity.
4. Chapter 4 - Striking up a conversation
This chapter consists of the example of a conversation running into a friend, and the expression to improve the conversation like what's up, run into, fancy running into you here, for ages, before you know it, as soon as, used to, try, there is/there are, wow, I'll bet, no way, on the..., trendy, run of the mill, tip, the thing is, a step
in the right direction, be about to, which reminds me, have one’s fingers crossed, pumped, bank on, splurge, get together, keep in touch, catch up, get ahead of oneself, have a feeling, make sure, let someone know, and me, too.
5. Chapter 5 - Making dates and appointments
This chapter consists of the example of a conversation making an appointment with a doctor, and the expression to improve the conversation like in/on/at to indicate events, an example of modal auxiliaries, have to, supposed to, wish, how about..., let's say, oh dear, look, listen, both, though, have too much on one’s plate, right, perfect, of course, and no problem.
6. Chapter 6 - Expressing wants and needs
This chapter consists of the example of a conversation looking for a new apartment, and the expression to improve your conversation like need, want, mind, there is and there are, have a look, get rid of, preferably, go-to, worthwhile, out there, utilities, all the bells, and whistles, country, a heads-up, say, in the meantime, and one more thing.
7. Chapter 7 - Making requests and offers
This chapter consists of the example of a conversation helping a classmate, the expression of making requests, and offering assistance.
8. Chapter 8 - Expressing doubts and uncertainty
This chapter consists of the example of conversation advice to a friend, and the expression to improve your conversation like in the first place, for a start, plus, in addition, besides, as if that weren’t enough, at least, after all, cry on someone’s shoulder, matter, just the opposite, out to get, on someone’s case, take it all out on, work out, not have a clue, not lift a finger, spend, pig out, sick and tired, out of the blue, want one's space, throw in the towel, do you mind...?, why don’t...?, from time to time.
9. Chapter 9 - Talking about future events
This chapter consists of the example of conversation scheduled events, plans for the very near future, long-term plans, predictions for the more distant future, and the expression like I'll bet, going to, will probably, may/might, maybe, will, won't, hit the sack, pack light, catch up on, take care of, pick up, happy medium, a bunch of, the same old thing, on the other hand, since, still, overseas/abroad, freshman, just think, good luck with that, and no way.
10. Chapter 10 - Making a case or arguing a point
This chapter consists of the example of a conversation selecting a company officer, and the expression to improve your conversation like in the first place/plus/in addition, besides, so far, still, since, yikes, good grief, just sayin', I mean, you guys, friction, really, total, zero, squat, obviously, hardly, not exactly, inside out, keep on,
think outside the box, fall off, put one’s two cents in, a bit uppity, put someone’s name up, go along with, handle, and had better.
11. Chapter 11 - Narrating a story
This chapter consists of the example of a conversation a traffic accident, and the expression to improve your conversation like first/second/next/then/after that, finally, thank goodness, to top it all off, all of a sudden, the best thing and the worst thing, the upshot, paper, bummer, pain in the neck, cop, pouring down rain, pumped up, stressed out, freaked out, creeped out, stuck with, chill out, realize, wish, to tell you the truth, and in front of.
12. Chapter 12 - Retelling a conversation
This chapter consists of the example of a conversation in the present tense, in the present perfect tense, in the past tense, in future tenses, how to use the present perfect tense, the form of modal verbs, direct and indirect discourse, and some expression like dude, how’s it going, at the last minute, pressure, learning the ropes, at a loose end, end up, babysit, give someone a ride, and pick up.
13. Chapter 13 - Electronic conversation
This chapter consists of the example of electronic devices for communication like e-mail, IM or "instant message", texting, tweeting and acronyms.
Table of content
Preface vii
1. Introducing yourself and others 1
2. Expressing opinions, likes, and dislikes 13
3. Describing people, places, and things 25
4. Striking up a conversation 35
5. Making dates and appointments 47
6. Expressing wants and needs 59
7. Making requests and offers 69
8. Expressing doubts and uncertainty 81
9. Talking about future events 93
10. Making a case or arguing a point 103
11. Narrating a story 115
12. Retelling a conversation 127
13. Electronic conversation 139
Appendix A: Irregular past tense and past participle forms 145
Appendix B: Short tag questions and answers 149
Appendix C: Glossary 155
Answerkey 161
Questions and Answers
1. Chapter 1 - Introducing yourself and others Q: How to introduce yourself and others?
A: To introduce yourself and others, you can use common expressions like using
"I’m" and then say your name, use "glad/happy to meet you" when you have been introduced to someone, use "right?" to ask for confirmation, use "correct!" to answer a question that asks for confirmation, use "as a matter of fact" to confirmation of what was previously said, use "just" to indicates that something happened only a short time before, use "I can assure you that... /you can be sure (that)..." to say that you believe something to be true, use "party animal" to characterize someone who spends a lot of time with friends or acquaintances for entertainment, use "extraordinaire" to exaggerate the meaning of the previous word, use "what do you do?" to asks what one’s job, use "tell me about yourself" to let someone know that you are interested in learning more about him or her, use
"awesome" to say that you think something is really good, use "a good guy" to recommend a male as being understanding of someone’s situation, helpful, or generous, use "thanks so much" to appreciate, use "to be looking forward to something" to indicates that the speaker is very happy about a future event, use "to have in store for" to indicates an unknown situation that someone presents to someone else.
2. Chapter 2 - Expressing opinions, likes, and dislikes Q: How do expressing opinions, likes, and dislikes?
A: To express opinions, likes, and dislikes, you can use expressions like "love" to indicate a thing or an activity that a person finds very pleasing, "what do you think of...?" is a way of asking someone’s opinion of something, "are you kidding me?"
is an expression that indicates that something is so true—or untrue—that it doesn’t need to be said, "up for" something means to want to do it, "stand" means to tolerate/to accept, use "big fan" to indicates that someone does or does not like something, use "going-away present", "tell", "say" to indicates making an utterance but without indicating that it is directed at any particular person. "speak" means to use a language orally, "finally" to indicates relief that something long-awaited has happened, "so" to introduces information that both people already know, use
"actually/as a matter of fact", "even if" to introduce a fact that seems a little hard to believe, use "plus", and use "to be honest with you" to introduces a statement that you think a person might not want to hear.
3. Chapter 3 - Describing people, places, and things Q: How to describing people, places, and things?
A: To describe people, places, and things, you can use expressions like "so" to begin a question that is not surprising and may have even been expected, "to be like" for a description of a person, place, or thing, "will" to make an offer to do something,
"well" to say next may need a little explanation, "dude" to call a male friend or acquaintance instead of using his name, "basically" to indicates a summarized or generalized opinion, "actually/the truth is" to indicate that the speaker is telling the truth, even if it is surprising, "really" to ask if what was said was the truth, "hardly ever" means almost never, "at least" to indicates that a situation could be worse,
"what about...?" to ask the same question about a different topic, "I mean" to precedes a further explanation of the previous information, "in the first place" is used to present the first example of why you do or don’t like something, "come on"
to say that someone is exaggerating a little bit, "wonder" to expresses an unanswered question or doubt, "quite the character" is to be unusual in some way, and use "fraternity" to established social group of university men.
4. Chapter 4 - Striking up a conversation Q: How do striking up a conversation?
A: To strike up a conversation, you can use expressions like "what's up" to ask people how they are, "run into" to see someone by chance or in an unexpected place, use fancy running into you here", use "for ages" for a very long time, "before you know it" means very quickly, "as soon as" to indicates that something will happen at the same time that something else happens, use "used to", "try", "there is/there are", "wow" is a common way to express surprise, "I’ll bet" to indicates a sincere belief that what you are going to say is true, even though you have no proof, "no way" is two opposite things: definitely no or that’s good news, "on the..." to be
working as a salesperson in a store, "trendy" to describes the latest fashions, use
"run of the mill", "the thing is" to introduces an explanation for a situation, use "a step in the right direction", "be about to" means to be going to do at that moment,
"which reminds me" to introduces new information that is remembered because of something that was just said, "have one’s fingers crossed" to indicate strong desire or hope that something happens, use "pumped", "back on" to rely on, count on, or trust certain information, "splurge" to spend more money than necessary on something, "get together" means to meet, "keep in touch" means to continue to contact each other, use catch up", "get ahead of oneself" to make plans based on something that may not happen, use "have a feeling", "make sure", "let someone know" means to tell a person information that he or she needs, and use "me, too.
5. Chapter 5 - Making dates and appointments Q: How to making dates and appointments?
A: To make dates and appointments, you can use expressions like "have to" to indicate obligation or necessity, "supposed to" to indicate advice to follow a custom,
"wish" means to be sorry that something is not true, how about...? is a way of making a suggestion, "let’s say" is a way of making a more forceful suggestion, use
"oh dear", "look" to indicates that you want the person you are speaking to understand what you are going to say next, use "listen", "both, "though", "have too much on one’s plate" to indicates that someone is very busy— probably because of an unusual project or happening, "right" indicates that you understand or agree with what was just said, "perfect" to indicates that you accept a suggestion or offer, "of course" indicates that what was said is agreed to or obvious, and use "no problem can mean that a request" is accepted.
6. Chapter 6 - Expressing wants and needs Q: How to expressing wants and needs?
A: To express wants and needs, you can use expressions like “need” to require urgent attention or action to prevent damage, "want" to indicate some belief that it will be attained, "mind" to have a good idea of the kind of thing you want, "there is and there are" to indicates that something exists, "have a look" to make a short investigation, "get rid of" to make sure to no longer have something, "preferably"
to indicates someone’s first choice, "go-to" is an expression used as an adjective to describe a person, place, or object, "worthwhile" to describes something that has value in terms of time, money, experience, or purpose, "out there" is an expression that refers to the real world, at the present time, using "utilities", "all the bells and whistles", "country", "a heads-up" to warn that something is going to happen, "say"
to introduce an example of a possibility, "in the meantime" to indicates a period of time between two events, and "one more thing" is an expression used at the end of a series of remarks.
7. Chapter 7 - Making requests and offers Q: How to making requests and offers?
A: To express making requests you can use expressions like "can you", "will you",
"could you", "would you", "to mind", and "a favor", to offer the assistance you can use several expressions like "I’ll + verb", "Let me know if I can help you" or "I’ll be glad to help you", "can I help you?", "How can I help you?" and "is there any way I can help you?", "any chance?", "How about if?", and "I’ll get back to you".
8. Chapter 8 - Expressing doubts and uncertainty Q: How to expressing doubts and uncertainty?
A: To express doubts and uncertainty, you can use expressions like "in the first place" when trying to convince someone of something, "for a start" to precede the first suggestion related to a plan, "plus" to introduce a second, third, or further point in a positive or negative argument, "in addition" to introduces a second, third, or further point in a positive argument, "besides" to introduces a second, third, or further point in a negative or defensive argument, "as if that weren’t enough" to introduces a final point at the end of a series of positive or negative arguments, "at least" to indicates a minimum possible amount, "after all" to introduces a reason or a justification of what was just said, "cry on someone’s shoulder" means to tell someone that you need sympathy and support, "just the opposite" to indicates that the truth is very different from what was just said, "out to get" means to want to hurt or make trouble for that person, "take it all out on" means to build up anger and frustration over a problem and then show that anger toward a person unrelated to the problem, "throw in the towel" means to stop trying to do something, "do you mind..?" is a way of asking someone’s permission to do something, and "why don’t...?" is another way of suggesting an activity to one or more people.
9. Chapter 9 - Talking about future events Q: How to talking about future events?
A: To express talking about future events, you can use expressions like "I'll bet"
meaning I’m pretty sure it will happen, "going to" to indicate events planned for the near future (95 percent probability), "will probably" to indicate about a 75 percent probability of happening, "may/might" to express about a 50 percent possibility of something happening, "maybe" to express about a 50 percent possibility of something happening, "will" to make a promise (99 percent probability), "won’t"
to indicates a very low probability that something will happen, "happy medium"
means to agree by accepting some parts of one argument and some parts of the opposing argument, "a bunch of" means a lot of, "the same old thing" to indicate that activities are routine, "on the other hand" to introduces an argument that is contrary to—or opposite to—a previously mentioned argument, and "no way" to indicates that something is impossible, unbelievable—or even wonderful.
10. Chapter 10 - Making a case or arguing a point Q: How to making a case or arguing a point?
A: To express a case or argue a point, you can use expressions like "in the first place/plus/in addition" to begin a series of arguments that are intended to convince someone to agree with your pro (positive) argument, "besides" to express a con (negative) argument, "so far" to indicates what has happened between the beginning of something and the present time, "still" to indicates that what follows is contrary to and more important than what preceded it, "since" to indicate the beginning of a time period that extends to now, "yikes" to indicates surprise—either good or bad,
"good grief" to indicates mild displeasure, "just sayin'" to subtly show the speaker’s desire that you consider something just suggested, "I mean" to introduces an explanation or further comment on what was previously said, "go along with" to accept an idea or decision, and "had better" to indicates a warning and implies that if something isn’t done, there will be negative consequences.
11. Chapter 11 - Narrating a story Q: How to narrating a story?
A: To express narrating a story, you can use expressions like
"first/second/next/then/after that" in chronological order it can be made clearer,
"finally" to indicate relief or joy that something long-awaited or expected has happened, "thank goodness" to express relief, joy, or satisfaction, "to top it all off"
to introduce a final event that adds weight to the sum of the previous events, "the best thing and the worst thing" to indicate the most or least desirable aspect of an issue, "the upshot" to avoid telling a complete story or explaining an issue in detail,
"bummer" is an item of bad news or bad luck, "pain in the neck" refers to anything or any person that is annoying, "pouring down rain" means to be raining heavily,
"pumped up" means to be excited, "stressed out" means to be very tense, nervous, or worried about something, "freaked out" means to be extremely scared, angry, or excited, "creeped out" means to be disgusted or frightened by something, "stuck with" means to have to cope with an uncomfortable or undesirable situation, "chill out" means to relax or calm down, "realize" means to be aware of, to already know,
"wish" means to be sorry that something isn’t true, "to tell you the truth" to precedes information that may surprise the listener, and "in front of" to indicates the location of something in relation to something else.
12. Chapter 12 - Retelling a conversation Q: How to retelling a conversation?
A: To express retelling a conversation, you can using the present perfect, tense, use expressions like "already" to indicate that the action does not need to be repeated,
"yet" to find out if something has been done, "not yet" to indicate that something has not been done—and that it should be done in the future, "so far" means as of this date or time, "ever" means at any time in the past or future, "at the last minute"
to indicates that something happened immediately before it was too late, "learning
the ropes" means to be getting acquainted with a new job or routine, "at a loose end"
means to temporarily not have anything to do or not know what to do, and "end up"
means to find one’s self doing something unplanned or in an unexpected situation.
13. Chapter 13 - Electronic conversation Q: What is electronic conversation?
A: Electronic conversations are conversations that rely on electronic devices for communication. In addition to fixed telephones, which have been around since 1876—and are still ongoing, conversations are now also carried out via cell phones, email, and other electronic devices.
Dinda Aulya Rahmah 11200140000001 4A
Book Response Form
Book title: Counselling Skills in Social Work Practice
Author: Janet Seden
Publisher: Open University Press Date published: 2005
Type of book: Reference
Number of pages: 174 Book code: 0335216498
Chapters
1. Chapter 1 - Counselling skills and social work: a relationship
This chapter consists of contexts for practice, the relationship between counselling and social work, social work and counselling in the twenty-first century, training deficits in social work, and choice and control.
2. Chapter 2 - Counselling skills for communication and building relationships
This chapter consists of how to recognize the other’s way of communicating, interviewing, exploring counselling skills further, frameworks for interviewing, and skills for direct work with children.
3. Chapter 3 - Assessment: relevant counselling skills
This chapter consists of an assessment of relevant counselling skills, the origins of social work assessment, a focus on risk assessment, risk assessment revisited, moving to a needs-based model, understanding defences, using immediacy, managing strong feelings, assessment in services for adults, single assessment, counselling skills and assessment in services for adults, counselling skills and compulsion, and preparation for assessment.
4. Chapter 4 - Planning, acting and providing a service: relevant counselling skills
This chapter consists of starting with yourself, social work theories for action, an eclectic approach to theory, three key approaches, social work methods, the practitioner’s use of self in intervention, social worker qualities, empathy, understanding life stages, and endings.
5. Chapter 5 - Supporting service user choice and advocacy: relevant counselling skills
This chapter consists of the strength’s perspective, empowerment, empowerment and social work with adults, counselling skills for empowerment, challenge, assertiveness, and advocacy.
6. Chapter 6 - Managing risk and working together: relevant counselling skills
This chapter consists of inter-agency and inter-professional collaboration, skills for partnership work, understanding and working with boundaries.
7. Chapter 7 - Practice within organizations: relevant counselling skills This chapter consists of accountability, the role of the social worker, organizations and organizational climate, some aspects of human services organizations, social work territory, information technology, and confidentiality, voluntary and independent sector agencies, working in multidisciplinary teams specialist counselling services, adoption and fostering services, safeguarding children, learning disabilities, hospices, death and dying, disasters and crises, globalization, and alcohol and substance use.
8. Chapter 8 - Developing professional competence: relevant counselling skills
This chapter consists of listening to people who use services, a developmental, related, approach, using evidence from research, working in a team and groups, supervision, self-care, and taking responsibility for self-development: becoming a reflective practitioner.
Table of content
Preface to the second edition ix
Note on the questions and activities for self-development xiii 1. Counselling skills and social work: a relationship 1 2. Counselling skills for communication and building relationships 19
3. Assessment: relevant counselling skills 37
4. Planning, acting and providing a service: 58
relevant counselling skills
5. Supporting service user choice and advocacy: 79 relevant counselling skills
6. Managing risk and working together: 100
relevant counselling skills
7. Practice within organizations: relevant counselling skills 120
8. Developing professional competence: 138
relevant counselling skills
References 158
Index 169
Questions and Answers
1. Chapter 1 - Counselling skills and social work: a relationship Q: What is the relationship of counselling and social work?
A: The relationship between counselling and social work has always been complex and interactive, as two distinct activities, they share some theoretical origins and ways of thinking. Counselling and social workers consistently use counselling skills to underpin and carry out their day-by-day social work roles and tasks.
2. Chapter 2 - Counselling skills for communication and building relationships
Q: What are counselling skills for communication and building relationships?
A: Counselling skills are the foundation for communicating with others, even when the situation is imposed on the people involved rather than chosen by them. In social work, people have to relate to each other simply because one person is a service user and the other the professional involved. The skills here may appear to be straightforward but they need to be learned, practiced in training, developed, and refreshed for effective use in real situations. For example, combining a practical and realistic approach to theory and employing sound, taught interviewing techniques is the most competent and skillful approach it seems the more practice you get, the more confident you become, and with this, your confidence grows, so you become an effective and skillful helper.
3. Chapter 3 - Assessment: relevant counselling skills Q: What are relevant counselling skills in assessment?
A: Professional judgment based on knowledge and skill is required in at least equal measure to well-researched assessment tools. Assessment tasks require a reflective practitioner whose personal skills include the ability to engage with users to assess their motivation and capacity to change. An understanding of defensiveness, blocks, and resistance, and the ability to enable users to abandon such strategies and engage openly in tasks is helpful.
4. Chapter 4 - Planning, acting and providing a service: relevant counselling skills
Q: What are planning, acting, and providing a service in relevant counselling skills?
A: Actions in social work depend upon legislation, policy, and procedural frameworks. They are informed by social work theories and methods and services may be provided. The process is implemented and coordinated by individuals whose abilities, judgments, and choices uniquely affect the quality of the service user’s experience. A counselling skills approach to underpin actions can lead to an authoritative, ethical, holistic approach to a range of practice tasks and methods of work.
5. Chapter 5 - Supporting service user choice and advocacy: relevant counselling skills
Q: How do supporting service user choice and advocacy in relevant counselling skills?
A: Social workers can use counselling skills to hear and respond to what people say they need. Strength’s perspective and empowerment strategies can be underpinned by counselling skills. Person-centered approaches to people who use services can be combined with the authority in the social work role. Empowerment strategies should be linked to service user consultation and advocacy.
6. Chapter 6 - Managing risk and working together: relevant counselling skills
Q: How do managing risk and working together in relevant counselling skills?
A: To manage risk and work together, partnership work depends on good systems and skilled interpersonal work in practice to be effective. Inter-agency collaboration is essential to manage risks to service users and protect them from harm. Effective collaboration requires the identification of a key coordinator who can initiate, actively sustain and evaluate the work.
7. Chapter 7 - Practice within organizations: relevant counselling skills Q: What is the practice within organizations that relevant counselling skills?
A: Organizational arrangements affect social workers’ roles and define how they carry out their tasks and the way they can relate to the people who use their services.
Social workers can use counselling skills to represent service users and work for ethical practices in organizations.
8. Chapter 8 - Developing professional competence: relevant counselling skills
Q: How do developing professional competence in relevant counselling skill?
A: Understanding human developmental needs and working in relationship to meet them remains central to effective practice. Agencies have responsibilities for developing staff and for enabling learning throughout the organization. Counsellors and counsellor training emphasize the need to learn the capacity to stay in touch with the emotional and psychological needs of others. Social workers also need to develop the capacity to understand the emotional needs and feelings of those they work with and to manage the strong feelings often involved in the work.
