One first-time visitor to Starbucks said, “What I like best is the comfy couch, and I think the first time I saw Starbucks, I walked in and sat on the couch. But after drinking the coffee, the sugar remained at the bottom of the cup. The Japanese system has four characteristics: (1) a structure dominated by many small intermediaries doing business with many small retailers, (2) control of channels by manufacturers, (3) a business philosophy shaped by a unique culture, 3 and (4) ) laws that protect the bedrock of the system—the small retailer.
Competition from large retail stores had been almost completely controlled by the Daitenho - Large Retail Law (and its more recent incarnations). 19; Miguel Bustillo, “New Chief at Wal-Mart Looks Abroad for Growth,” The Wall Street Journal, February 2, 2009, online. 13 Carrefour, a French global marketer, merged with Promodes, one of its fierce French competitors, to create, in the words of its CEO, "a worldwide retail leader." England.
Described as "one of the most dramatic changes in the distribution of consumer products of the decade," the exchange is expected to lower costs for both buyer and supplier. That is, firms must be understood in the context of the commercial networks of which they are part. We thought it would be understood here as well." The change in policy has left some unsatisfied.
4; "In China, Some Distributors Have Really Cleaned Up Amway," The Wall Street Journal, August 4, 1997, p. Coverage is difficult to expand in both highly developed areas and sparse markets—the former because of fierce competition and the latter because of insufficient channels. In the United States, this termination is usually a simple act, regardless of the type of intermediaries; they are simply dismissed.
It is essential to know such things.” The merchants around him, some with blood stains on their tunics, shake their heads. It is the cruel global economic wave that finds even the destroyed crossroads of countries like Birqash. Myers, “The Performance Implications of Strategic Fit of Relational Norm Governance Strategies in Global Supply Chain Relationships,” Journal of International Business Studies 36, no.
Julian, “The Internet, Strategy and Performance: A Study of Australian Export Market Enterprises,” Journal of Global Marketing 21, no. 28Carlyle Farrell, “The Role of the Internet in the Delivery of Export Promotion Services: A Website Content Analysis,” Journal of Global Marketing 21, no. 32Gary Gregory, Munib Karavdic, and Shoaming Zou, "The Effects of E-Commerce on Export Marketing Strategy," Journal of International Marketing pp.
34 Juliet Ye, "Chinese Video Targets Online Censorship," The Wall Street Journal, February 11, 2010, online.
CROSSING BORDERS 15.4
This difference greatly influences the role of the Internet as part of the marketing mix in international markets. In the narrowband world, highly graphic and video-based websites are not viable. Although the same site ultimately serves customers in both the UK and the Middle East, the ad presentation is adapted to the more conservative attire appropriate in the latter region.
For example, in the United States, the cost of an online reservation for Marriott is less than half of a telephone reservation. Some countries have private investment driving the development of the telecom technology systems required to enable Internet access (eg, the United States), while in other countries, state-owned telephone companies have this responsibility. In general, markets that have depended on state investment have lagged behind in the Internet space.
Should we have a website in the French language that meets the needs of the LOCAL French market. Promotional approaches were also different for France than for other French-speaking countries. example to illustrate, lotteries are far more popular and accepted in the US than in Europe. While red may be highly regarded in China or associated with love in the US, in Spain it is associated with socialism.
Foreign customers are more likely to visit websites in their own country and in the local language. Massey, Mitzi Montoya-Weiss, and Robert O'Keefe, “Cultural Differences in Online Consumer Behavior,” Communications of the ACM 45, no. At some point in the growth and expansion of an international business, costs other than transportation are such that an optimal cost solution to the physical movement of goods cannot be achieved without considering the physical distribution process as an integrated system.
Although there will not always be a cost difference, the examples illustrate the interdependence of the different activities in the physical distribution mix and the total costs. The concept behind physical distribution is to achieve the optimal (lowest) system cost, consistent with the company's customer service objectives. If the activities in the physical distribution system are considered separately, without taking into account their interdependence, the final distribution costs may be higher than the lowest possible costs (optimal costs) and the quality of service may be negatively affected.
Additional variables and costs that are interdependent and must be factored into the overall physical distribution decision add to the distribution problems facing the international marketer. As an international company expands its scope of operations, additional variables and costs become more critical in affecting the efficiency of the distribution system.
