Jakarta is the capital of the Republic of Indonesia and a mega-metropolitan with a population of over 12 million during weekdays and working hours. Children have been identified as litter pickers both independently and as part of the family workforce. 1 Year 2000 on the prohibition and immediate actions for the elimination of the worst forms of child labor (Government of Indonesia, 2000).
The government appointed PT Jakarta Propertindo, a business entity owned by the Jakarta Provincial Government, to provide technical and operational management of the project. Recently, the Jakarta government is looking for partners to solve waste management in North Jakarta. Fortum plans to invest in a new Waste to Energy (WtE) plant for garbage in Sunter, North Jakarta.
Data from 2011 shows that North Jakarta produces slightly more than 996.65 tons of waste per day, or about 18% of the total amount of waste in Jakarta. The latter group consists mainly of Environment Agency officials, waste bank officials and recycling brokers.
NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS
KEY FINDINGS
This includes individual waste collectors, local informal authorities (scavengers), recycling brokers, industry-sponsored waste banks, large companies providing waste processing services to other companies (also commonly referred to as B2B), and manufacturing industries that purchase recycled waste at the end of the chain. PROCESSES IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN - In the supply chain model, governmental actors and cities are colored green, and non-governmental actors and cities are colored brown. Children help their parents as family workers to collect and sort waste at home (temporary waste collection) or at recycling brokers who sell their collection to the recycling industry (level 2).
Children collect waste as family workers at the final landfill in Bantar Gebang - Bekasi and help parents sort and repackage the waste to sell to the recycling industry (level 2 and 4). It should be noted that although we found that children are involved in the waste management supply chain, the extent of children's involvement seems less significant compared to the period before 2014. Children remain an important part of the informal sector in waste management. supply chain for their economic survival or as free family workers.
There are approximately 26 waste banks in this sub-district compared to only 2-4 waste banks in other sub-districts. Although in this study we met more boys than girls, in reality we do not know if the number of boys is really greater than girls.
AGE RANGE
PARENTAL STATUS
It is important to understand that some children do work long hours and in different shifts. Since we were connected with children currently learning in an informal education program, we were not very exposed to children who worked early in the morning (around 1-7 am) and evening (6-12 pm). According to the existing laws, these children were qualified to be categorized as child labor (under 18 years of age, doing non-light work more than 3 hours a day, and with hazardous conditions and substances).
Sexual violence is less likely as they work in groups and in many cases monitored by parents. Some may start very early in the morning; others should start walking in the afternoon. All these children did not have safety and protective equipment/clothing such as shoes, appropriate hats, gloves and medication for the injury incident.
Most of the participants suffered injuries on the job and took all the measures their parents or colleagues taught them, such as 'applying cobwebs to open wounds. Most children have to carry their collection in a bamboo basket that they have to carry on their shoulders or in a large wooden cart that they pull with their hands and shoulders. It is very common in children because family workers started working early before they reached school age.
Their presence filled the gap in the waste management of the government and the formal sectors.
ATTITUDE TOWARDS THEIR CHILDREN WORKING
The first and dominant reason why parents support their children's work is based on the notion of "halal" (ie things/actions that are permissible according to Islamic law). Most parents who support their children's work argue that as long as the work is halal (that is, not against Islamic law), they allow their offspring to continue picking garbage. The parents claim that scavenging allows their children to at least provide for their own needs.
Very closely related to financial independence is the idea that tidying up is much better than sitting idle, as it will expose their children to harmful activities, such as drinking. What is important is that it is halal, and that he knows what it is like to work. I have this principle, as long as what he does is within what is acceptable, as long as it is halal, then I am fine."
I didn't mind when he asked for permission (trash), it's for his own good so he can be independent in the future. Parents who oppose their children's scavenger hunt often express fear for their child's safety. Interestingly, the physical risks and vulnerabilities we identified were not included in the reasons why their children should not litter.
I'm afraid he will be picked up by officials (who are specifically in the business of getting the underprivileged off the streets). If he picks up unattended items (aka steals), he will be chased by security guards. At first I felt depressed (about the child cleaning up), but other people told me: 'Leave him alone, the important thing is that he is excited about life, that he is confident and wants to be independent.
Parents may not agree with the involvement of children, but it is in their interest to get free assistants and be able to protect their children. The few who support the inclusion of children (middle men) do so because they believe that children can earn money independently and take care of their own needs. ONP Convention on the Prohibition and Elimination of the Worst Form of Child Labor through Law No.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Peraturan Gubernur Provinsi DKI Nomor 50 Tahun 2016 tentang Pembangunan dan Pengoperasian Instalasi Pengolahan Antara Dalam Kota/Instalasi Pengolahan Antara. Diperoleh dari http://pelayanan.jakarta.go.id/download/regulation/peraturan-kode-nomor-3-tahun-2013-about-pengelolaan-sampah.pdf. Temuan 2016 tentang Bentuk-bentuk Pekerjaan Terburuk untuk Anak di Indonesia Diperoleh dari https://www.dol.gov/sites/default/files/images/ilab/child-labor/Indonesia2016.pdf.
ANNEX
CASE STUDIES
The fee is paid when the garbage collectors return the cart at the end of their round. When the cart was 1/5 full, R started sorting the rubbish in his cart and putting it in separate bags that were hung on the outside of the cart. The three of them sat on a terrace of the mosque next to the shop and consumed their food and drinks.
On the way to the dump, they put the three bags of valuable waste at the house of a lady whom A knows well. After emptying their cart, they returned to the recycling broker to return the cart. She rode her bike around the house with her friends, or R 12.30 and they all went back to Learning.
They shouted “waste!” to let residents know that they can ask them to take their household waste to the landfill. She and her two siblings are usually in the cart pulled by her father, while her mother is the one who collects valuable garbage. Back home, ate meatball soup for lunch, changed clothes, back to the intermediate dump with father.
The location of the field is right next to the toll road. . and waste such as pieces of plastic that cannot be sold) and organized valuable waste. She also folded and pressed the cartons so they wouldn't take up too much room in the cart. Most of the time F would get out of the cart and sit by the sidewalk, but sometimes she would stay inside the cart.
They also had to go through small alleys and were scolded by a woman because the wagon was smelly and exposed to her laundry. As soon as a wagon came in, D either waited for it to be unloaded, or jumped directly into the wagon to search for valuable scrap. F and the children stayed in the car, while her grandmother ran to the back of the car to help push the car.
Between the arrival of cars at the landfill, D would buy a drink at the small shop next to the site, chat with his father or other adults, or look for valuable waste. Her father 'parked' the cart outside their house while the collected waste was left inside the cart.
ACT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA NUMBER 13 YEAR 2003 CONCERNING MANPOWER
PROTECTION, PAYMENT OF WAGES AND WELFARE Part One : Protection, Second Paragraph : Children
ROADMAP TOWARDS A CHILD LABOUR-FREE INDONESIA IN 2022
PERIOD OF 2020-2022)
CL and ex-CL Provision of pre-employment education and training for CL and ex-CL.
WORKSHOP
Need to unpack CCT, explain how the education sector can be more accepting - Need to be more precise about the term 'child labour'. Through child-friendly integrated public space for children and their families (e.g. life skills, parenting skills, child-sensitive livelihoods, raising awareness of children's rights and waste management, financial literacy, health management).
CORE RESEARCH TEAM
