Data on children's eating behavior and nutritional status of children were analyzed using the chi-square test

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Third International Seminar on Global Health (3^rd ISGH) Technology Transformation in Healthcare for a Better Life ISGH 3 | Vol 3. No. 1 | Oktober 2019 | ISSN : 2715-1948

School of Health Sciences Jenderal Achmad Yani Page 393

Jenderal Sudirman Canal Road – Cimahi 40533 Phone: +62-22-6631622 – 6631624

EATING BEHAVIOR RELATIONSHIP WITH NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN THE WORK AREA HEALTH CENTER CITY

PURWASARI DESA TAMELANG KARAWANG

Fauziah Rudhiati, M. Kep. Ns. Sp. Kep.A*, Afgal Fathurohman Fudoli [email protected]

Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences Jenderal Achmad Yani Cimahi, Indonesia ABSTRACT

Affect the amount and the intake of food consumed by children. Children with poor or negative eating behaviors may experience problems with Reviews their nutritional status. Based on the prevalence of eating behavior in preschool children related to picky eaters, among others, lack of food variation (58.1%), rejection of vegetables, fruits, meat, and fish (55.8%), and preference for Certain cooking methods by 51.2 % Based on Riskesdas (2013) who experienced malnutrition in West Java (13.8%). This study aims to determine the relationship between eating behavior and nutritional status in preschool-aged children in Purwasari Community Health Center Village Tamelang Karawang City. The research method used in this study was cross-sectional. The sample in this study was 71 respondents' mothers and children who were taken using a purposive sampling technique. Data on children's eating behavior and nutritional status of children were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results of statistical tests Showed that children's eating behavior and nutritional status of children Obtained a p-value (0:01) <α (0:05). This shows that there is a relationship between eating behavior and nutritional status in preschool-aged children in the working area of Purwasari village Tamelang Karawang city. This research is expected to enrich the theory of eating behavior. Moreover, it can develop Efforts to Prevent the incidence of malnutrition in children Preschool.

Keywords: Eating Behavior, Nutritional Status, Preschool

INTRODUCTION

At preschool age, children experience psychological development into a toddler more independent, autonomous, able to interact with their environment and be able to express his emotions.

Emotional outbursts are common in children aged 3-6 years in the form of temper tantrums, which is easy to bubbling, cry or scream when the child does not feel comfortable. Children are also often fussy at mealtimes when the circumstances are not addressed can flourish form the problems associated with feeding behavior (Harinda, 2012). If the feeding behavior not addressed it could affect a child's eating and will ultimately affect the nutritional status. Feeding behavior is the most important behavior that can affect nutritional status.

This is due to the quantity and quality of food and beverages consumed will affect the nutritional intake that will affect the health of individuals and society. (Minister of Health, 2014).

Eating behavior disorders in preschool children as pickiness (United States) and faddiness (British), which means that like picking food. Picky eating is one of the problems of eating disorders.

Kids with picky eating have characteristics that include foods in limited quantities, ask for food served in certain ways, are reluctant to accept new foods, have likes and dislikes strongly to certain foods, and sometimes into tantrums when parents start giving eat. Children who grew up on the family are reluctant to eat will spur the lazy behavior of eating well (Sulistyoningsih, 2012). Research in the US showed that the prevalence of eating behavior in preschool children associated picky eaters, among others, the lack of variety of food (58.1%), refusal in vegetables, fruit, meat, and fish (55.8%), and a fondness for a particular cooking method amounted to 51.2% (Shim et al., 2011). Research in San Francisco in 2010 found the highest incidence of picky eating in children above 2 years of age as much as 13-22%. , In Indonesia, the research results Imawati (2010), who have difficulty eating by 23.9%, which is 45.5% of whom are picky eaters.

The nutritional status of children is an important indicator for measuring the nutritional status of the community. Vulnerable groups affected by the disease are infants and toddlers.The role of nutrition is very important and must be

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Eating Behavior Relationship with Nutritional Status of Preschool Children in The Work Area Health Center City Purwasari Desa Tamelang Karawang

Third International Seminar on Global Health (3^rd ISGH) Page 394

Vol 3 | No. 1 | October 2019 |

considered as related to the development of the child. Skinny nutritional problem is a problem which is commonly found in many developing countries one of Indonesia. Skinny nutritional problems also become one of the world's health problems and deal with the causes of death and the cause of some diseases (WHO, 2013).

Karawang City Health Office data in 2017 showed that there were 165 083 children under five, according to the health center there Purwasari 2,261 toddlers. The first sequence occupied by the village health center Tamelang in Purwasari with a percentage of the nutritional status issue as many as 22 people, as many as 17 children have thin nutritional status. The second-order Mekarjaya village Puskesmas Purwasari experiencing problems nutritional status skinny as many as 13 people based indicators Per Nutritional Status Height (W / H). Because in the region Desa Tamelang still many children who have problems nutritional status at the age of 3-6 years.

RESEARCH METHODS

The research method uses a correlation study with a cross-sectional design is the research or the reviewer's relationship between two variables in a situation or a group of subjects (Notoatmodjo, 2010). The sample size in this study was 71 mothers of children aged 3-6 with every day is mothers who care for their children. Instruments feeding behavior is adapted and modified from CEBQ (Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire) that has previously been translated into the language expert (Sirirassamee, 2016). A questionnaire consisting of

8 subscales consisting of responses to food, emotions against excessive food, Enjoy the food, desire to eat, response to satiety, Slowness in Eating, Emotional against lack of food, demand for food.The statistical analysis used in this study using Chi Square test analysis Person Test.

RESULT

This study revealed that as many as 38 respondents (53.5%) and as many as 23 respondents (32.4%) thin nutritional status, complete the information contained in Table 1 and Table 2. Table 3 shows that there is a relationship between eating behavior and nutritional status of children,

Table 1 Distribution Frequency Behavior Eating In Childhood Preschool in the village Puskesmas

Purwasari Tamelang city of Karawang Eating

behavior

Frequency (n) Percentage(%)

Negative 38 53.5

Positive 33 46.5

Total 71 100.0

Table 2 Distribution Frequency Nutritional Status of Preschool Age Children in the village Puskesmas

Purwasari Tamelang city of Karawang Classification of

Nutritional Status

Frequency (n) Percentage (%)

Very thin 1 1.4

Thin 23 32.4

Normal 42 59.2

Fat 5 7.0

Total 71 100.0

Table 3 The relationship of eating behavior and nutritional status of preschool-age children in the village Puskesmas Purwasari Tamelang city of Karawang.

Feeding behavior

Nutritional status

P-Value

Very thin Thin Normal Fat Total

N% N% N% N% N% 0.01

Negative 1 2.6 23 60.5 14 36.8 0 0 38 100.0

Positive 0 0 0 0 28 84.8 5 15.2 33 100.0

Total 1 2.6 23 60.5 42 59.2 5 15.2 71 100.0

DISCUSSION

Factors that influence eating behavior are social culture leads people to behave, deciding what to eat, how to processing, preparation, and presentation, as well as when a person may or may not eat a meal and how the food is consumed (Sulistyoningsih, 2011). Age also affects food intake through a number of biological processes

(growth). According to Sulistyoningsih (2011) did not offset the high-income knowledge, which would cause someone to be very consumptive of food.

According to the analysis, the researchers that this is happening because of the possible ways of feeding the mother is not creative, mothers can not eat the children's schedule, and because of the possibility of the mother does not have less

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knowledge about how to provide nutritionally balanced meal has on their children. According to Purwaningrum (2008) suggest that eating behavior is the way people choose food and consume it as a reaction to physiological, psychological, social, and cultural. Feeding behavior is the most important behavior that can affect nutritional status. This is due to the quantity and quality of food and beverages in consumption will affect the nutritional intake that will affect the health of individuals and society. Feeding behavior is the most important behavior that can affect nutritional status. This is due to the quantity and quality of food and beverages in consumption will affect the nutritional intake that will affect the health of individuals and society. Feeding behavior is the most important behavior that can affect nutritional status. This is due to the quantity and quality of food and beverages in consumption will affect the nutritional intake that will affect the health of individuals and society.

The theory of psychosocial development of Erick Ericson (1963) states that preschool-age children are in a phased initiative vs guilt.

Characteristics of this development can affect food intake in children because children are able to determine what they want and do not want to eat. so that if something like this is not supervised by an adult will have an impact on the eating behavior of children who become irregular, so the child will refuse food from mother to child so that the child will ask for food that he likes.

Feeding behavior discovers and motif selection of food, more than 50% of women do not know about the feeding behavior so that the child has trouble eating. According to Rasmussen et al (2006), the eating behavior of children is essentially governed by what food is available and accessible to them, and the food provided to them, intentionally or not, will affect what they eat if not dealt with a child will be impaired nutritional status.

This is consistent with the analysis results in Table 4.3 shows that out of 38 respondents mostly had negative eating behavior, 1 (1.4%) of respondents experienced a very thin and 23 (32.4%) of respondents experienced skinny. Many parents who live at village Puskesmas Purwasari Tamelang city of Karawang don’t understand how to give proper feeding in a relation of eating behavior that is covers and motif selection of food, the practice of eating, diet, and food-related problems such as obesity, and eating disorders.

Lack of nutrients affects the child's growth. A

child can not grow optimally when malnutrition. In addition, the shortage of food consumption and morbidity determine the development of the child.

Children who get enough food to show progress in accordance with the normal development of the line.

Malnutrition is not only related to physical growth but is also associated with the development of (Anwar, 2004).

CONCLUSION

Based on the research that has been described, it can be a conclusion that 38 (53.5%) of respondents had children with negative eating behavior, 23 (32.4%) had children with thin nutritional status. Pearson Chi-Square test results obtained p-value = 0.01 (α <0.05) which demonstrated an association between eating behavior and nutritional status.

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