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Authors : Munawir K, Abdul rahim, Ismawati, Fadliatun Mutmainna Correspondence : Munawir K
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Character Development of Students in Learning Islamic Religious Education and Character
* Munawir K
1, Abdul Rahim
2Fadliatun Mutmainna
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( Alauddin Makassar State Islamic University , Jeneponto , Indonesia )
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( Alauddin Makassar State Islamic University , Makassar , Indonesia )
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( Alauddin Makassar State Islamic University , Jeneponto , Indonesia )
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ABSTRACT: This article aims to describe the character development of students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character, describe the supporting and inhibiting factors, and describe solutions in overcoming the inhibiting factors that influence the implementation of student character development through learning Islamic Religious Education and Character. at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research using phenomenological and pedagogical approaches. The data collection methods used are observation, interviews and documentation methods. This research instrument is a guide for observation, interviews, and documentation with data analysis including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions or verification. And data validity is carried out by data triangulation. Based on the research results, it shows that the form of character development of students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea is that teachers provide good role models, instill Islamic religious values and character in students, and give assignments as an evaluation. Supporting factors include adequate facilities and infrastructure and cooperation with parents. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors are environmental factors and the influence of technology.
The solution to overcome this problem is that the school provides advice and applies applicable regulations and provides sanctions. This research describes the character development of students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character, the supporting and inhibiting factors, as well as the solutions. This shows the important role of the UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, considering the importance of moral and moral issues of students as the nation's future generation.
Keywords: Character Development, Islamic Religious Education, Character Development.
I. INTRODUCTION
One effort to develop an intelligent generation of the nation is through education, because education is projected to be able to produce reformist people or what are usually called agents of change. Therefore, a good educational process is needed to produce a good process too.
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Education contains the meaning of guidance or assistance given to children by adults consciously and responsibly, both regarding physical and spiritual aspects towards the child's level of maturity. Education has been implemented since humans appeared on this earth in the form of providing inherited knowledge, skills and values from parents in preparing their children to face life and their future. Education is not merely an effort to prepare individuals to be able to adapt themselves to the environment, but is more directed at efforts to establish and be willing to preserve the environment in a harmonious relationship. (Lusitasari, 2016)
Islam strongly encourages its followers to seek knowledge because people who Knowledgeable people are given a special position in the sight of Allah SWT. as He says in QS. al-Mujadilah/58: 11.
ُزُشْناَف ا ْو ُزُشْنا َلْيِق اَذِا َو ْْۚمُكَل ُ هاللّٰ ِحَسْفَي ا ْوُحَسْفاَف ِسِل ٰجَمْلا ىِف ا ْو ْْۙمُكْنِم ا ْوُ َِِلا ُ هاللّٰ ِعَف ْرَي ا ْو
ٌرْيِبَخ َن ْوُلَمْعَت اَمِب ُ هاللّٰ َو ٍۗ ت ٰج َرَد َمْلِعْلا اوُت ْوُا َنْيِذَّلا َو ١١
Translation:
O you who believe, when it is said to you, "Make room in the assemblies", then make room, surely Allah will make room for you. And when it is said: "Stand up", then stand up, surely Allah will raise (the degree of) those who believe among you and those who have been given knowledge to a few degrees. And Allah is most careful in what you do. (Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia, 2017)
The prohibition on whispering revealed in the previous verses is one of the moral guidelines, in order to foster harmonious relationships between people. Whispering in the midst of other people muddies the relationship through the conversation. The verse above is a moral guidance regarding actions in the assembly to establish harmony in one assembly. Allah says "O you who believe, if it is said to you" by anyone: be free. That is, try seriously, even if you force yourself, to give other people a place in the assemblies, namely a place, whether a seat or not a seat, if you are asked to do that, then open up a place for the other person voluntarily. If you do this, Allah will certainly make everything clearer for you in this life. And when it is said: "Stand in another place, or to... sit where you are for someone who is more reasonable, or get up to do something such as for prayer and jihad, then stand up and rise, Allah will exalt those who believe among you, O those who accept this guidance and those who are given knowledge.
knowledge of several degrees later in this world and in the hereafter and Allah is All- Knowing of what you do now and in the future. (Shihab, 2006)
The verse above explains to be enthusiastic about seeking knowledge, be patient, prepare opportunities to attend science councils, be enthusiastic about learning, prepare all resources to improve our knowledge and always increase our faith and piety.
The educational context places a large and strategic role in the position of an educator.
This is because educators are the spearhead in the implementation of education.
Educators directly meet students in process of transferring knowledge as well as educating learners about positive values through example, guidance and example. The role and duties of educators are not only limited to the environment and learning hours at school, but in essence educators are a strategic component that has an important role in determining the sustainability of the nation's life. (Ratnawati, 2018)
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The phenomenon of moral/moral damage that befell teenagers in particular in Indonesian society in general has encouraged the Indonesian Government to implement the National Policy for National Character Development (KNPKB). One effort to realize this policy is to emphasize the importance of character education to be implemented in every educational institution, both formal (school) and non-formal (community) (Amirulloh, 2015)
.The moral problem of the younger generation is still a problem in the world of education, especially in Indonesia, in the increasingly fierce competition for human quality in this modern era. (Komariah & Nihayah, 2023)
Coaching is a conscious and directed effort to instill noble character and moral values in children in accordance with the principles of Islamic teachings. and the guidance and behavior of the life of the Prophet Muhammad (Inayati, 2007) . Meanwhile, character is a person's character, character or personality which is formed from the internalization of various policies which are believed to be used as a basis for the way of seeing, thinking, behaving and acting. (Said, 2010) . Through character development, we teach students an understanding of good habits so that every activity carried out is always oriented towards goodness.
Based on research from Harvard University in the United States, it is stated that a person's success is not only determined by scientific and technical knowledge (hard skills), but also by the ability to manage oneself (soft skills). This research reveals that success is only determined by 20% hard skills and the remaining 80% by soft skills. One way to hone soft skills is to apply them since school (Muslich, 2015) .
In line with this research, it is related to the goals of education in Indonesia in accordance with Law no. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System Article 3 which states that one of the goals of education is to develop the potential of students who have noble character, so character education is formed which is expected for students to have the characteristics of discipline, honesty, piety, responsibility.
responsible and creative. Based on these goals, to carry out educational goals in terms of character development, students are expected to be able to instill character from an early age. The position of morality in human life occupies a very important position, both as individuals and as members of society and the nation. The rise and fall of a nation depends on the morals of the nation itself . (Imam Tabroni & Rahmania, 2022) A student's character is formed through his interactions with his environment, for example his family, where he spends time studying and socializing. Therefore, it can be interpreted that the quality of education can determine the quality of a nation (Susilawati et al., 2022) . In the scope of education, teaching staff have an important role and function in forming children's personalities, in order to prepare and develop human resources and for the progress of the nation and state. Understanding students, educators must be able to know and explore the various characteristics of students as a whole. This is very important because the teaching and learning process involves all the characteristics they have in order to properly handle the formation of students' character, because in essence students are a unity of various characteristics that are integrated within themselves. (Nisa, 2019)
Character development teaches habits of thinking and behavior that help individuals to live and work together as a family, community and nation and helps them to make accountable decisions. This issue of the character of society (nation) is not only an Indonesian problem. Developed countries such as America, Japan and Europe also experience this problem. Students today seem to experience a lack of character. This
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lack of character results in the decline of students' morals. For this reason, character development is needed to develop excellence in students. The formation of character education is a process of transmission, formation, change and development of students' potential. So that they have a good conscience, good thoughts and good behavior in accordance with the values of Pancasila . (Komalasari & Yakubu, 2023)
Character education is closely related to management in schools, this includes, among other things, adequate planning, implementation and control of all activities in schools.
The components can be in the form of instilling values, curriculum, assessment, teaching staff, learning methods, and so on. When these components are adequate, character education at school will run according to what is expected. Teacher has a very important role in the learning process. Therefore, teaching staff must lead their students towards the goals they want to achieve , including character education . (Ikhwan et al., 2020) Deviant events show that the character of Indonesia's young generation is at an alarming point. Several factors that cause low levels of character education are first, an education system that places less emphasis on character formation, but places more emphasis on intellectual development, for example the educational evaluation system emphasizes cognitive/academic aspects, such as the National Examination (UN). Second, environmental conditions do not support good character development (Ekawatiningsih, 2016) .
Religion is still considered an important part in the moral and ethical formation of students at school. There are at least two reasons that strengthen this assumption. First, religious teachers are the first to be blamed when students make mistakes or act outside the limits of good ethics (Elihami, 2021) . There is an opinion that says that character is not to be taught, such as mathematics, physics, social studies, and so on, but to be formed and instilled. Therefore, learning strategies are directed at achieving Islamic Religious Education (PAI) and good character. The aim of education is not only in the cognitive realm but also in character and skills. (Sutejo et al., 2021)
From the description above, researchers can conclude that character building of students is a coaching effort in the process of developing position (fitrah) from an external perspective through the influence of family, school and a good environment. Character development of students is also able to produce strong resources to create people who are intellectually, socially and spiritually intelligent and have dedication and discipline, are honest, diligent, tenacious and innovative. Character development of students not only produces intelligent people with knowledge, but also their personalities and actions. Ideally, education must produce people who are skilled in their skills, intelligent in their intellect, and noble in their morals so that they become perfect human beings, this is what is called a human with character.
Based on initial observations carried out by researchers on January 2-31 2023, researchers found that several students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency still had bad behavior towards educators and their school friends. For example, calling people animals, making fun of them, speaking rudely to fellow friends or people older than them, eating standing up, and throwing rubbish in their place. And it is possible that this lack of politeness and politeness will lead to other bad behavior.
One of the phenomena of the moral crisis and lack of character that is currently affecting students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency. Bearing in mind the importance of the moral and moral issues of students as the future generation of the nation, the author tries to examine several factors that are behind students speaking
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impolite words and then the forms of character development of students and several other related things which are framed in a coaching theme. the character of students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency.
II. METHOD
This research seeks to find out how to develop the character of students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, by going directly to the field. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research using phenomenological and pedagogical approaches. The informants in this research were the principal at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, one Islamic Religious Education teacher at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, and students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, which was done through observation or direct observation. The data collection methods used are observation, interviews and documentation methods. This research instrument is a guide for observation, interviews, and documentation with data analysis including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions or verification. And data validity is carried out by data triangulation.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Forms of Character Development for Students in Learning Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency One alternative that can be done in implementing character education in the school aims to optimize the learning of Islamic Religious Education and Character Education material by developing the character of students from elementary school. The role of religious education, especially Islamic Religious Education, is strategic in realizing the formation of student character. Religious education is a means of transforming knowledge in the religious aspect (cognitive aspect), as a means of transforming norms and moral values to form attitudes (affective aspect), which plays a role in controlling behavior (psychomotor aspect) so as to create a complete human personality.
Schools have a role in developing students' character, namely helping students to find their identity and providing provisions to carry out their roles, status, rights and obligations in their future lives. Teachers of Islamic Religious Education and Character Education have a major role in developing the character of students. In the context of achieving the goals of character education, Islamic Religious Education and Character Education teachers are one of the spearheads of the success of students' character because Islamic Religious Education and Character Education teachers are figures who are imitated in forming students' character.
Based on the results of interviews with the Principal at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea,
information was obtained that character development is the main development of
student behavior at school and outside school. With this character development, it can
at least improve the condition of students both at school and outside of school in
pursuing learning, (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023) so that students become useful
human beings both inside school and outside (society). Meanwhile, according to the
Teacher of Islamic Religious Education and Character, character building is changing
students' thinking patterns or behavior, because elementary school is a time of searching for self-identity, so if behavior and thought patterns are not developed it will lead to the wrong path (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023), so with this character development it is hoped that the direction you want to take is the right path.
Then the character of the students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, based on the results of an interview with the principal, he said that the character of students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea was generally good and obedient, then there were some students who still behaved badly, for example speaking rudely. and likes to make fun of his friends, if teachers hear that students are speaking harshly then they will be reprimanded and advised at that time (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023). Then the principal also said again that: "The character of the students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea is mostly obedient and good. And there are some who break the rules and like to speak harshly"
(Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023). The character of the students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea according to the Islamic Religious Education and Character Education teacher: "They still don't pay enough attention, because there are games so the children still need to be coached" (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023).
1. Teacher's Example
The form of character building for students based on the results of an interview with the principal at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea said that:
A form of character building for students is by making good habits, if a student meets the teacher, how to behave in front of the teacher, they must greet him. With this habit, it will always provide education to students. Then the form of character building for students is by imitating the teacher's behavior, so the teacher's behavior must be able to reflect good characteristics. (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023) From this expression it can be understood that the teacher provides an example in being independent and working hard by always providing motivation, moral messages and guidance if students find it difficult, then involving students to be active in learning, apart from that the teacher provides an example by always being active and passionate about teaching.
Then, is the teacher's attitude good when they are in the school environment? Based on the results of an interview with the school principal, he stated that a teacher must behave well, even though students repeatedly break the rules, for example inviting the teacher, often arriving late, the teacher must not be angry but must always advise and provide understanding to the student. . The PAI teacher also expressed the same thing, according to him, a teacher is required to behave well in front of his students, especially an Islamic religious education teacher, a teacher always tries to adapt, don't let students think of teachers only as educators at school, but students must consider teachers as second parents after their mother and father. (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023)
In its implementation, PAI teachers collaborate with other teachers in developing students' character, as Kasmawati as a teacher of Islamic Religious Education and Character said:
We also as teachers here complement each other, where usually there are children
who are unable to direct, we work together with other teachers so that we can help
each other pay attention to these children, how so that their children can be like their
friends who behave well. (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023)
Based on this expression, it can be concluded that the form of character building for students is through good habits, providing good examples to students so that students are able to understand and apply them in everyday life.
2. Instilling Islamic Religious Values and Character
Religious values based on Allah's revelation must always be instilled both in knowledge and in action to achieve students who are able to implement them with full awareness..
Implementation of the development of religious values and character is carried out through routine activities such as; say hello, speak kind words, pray for each activity, and so on.
As the results of an interview with Kasmawati as a teacher of Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea Jeneponto Regency said that:
Provide enlightenment before starting learning so that students do not forget that we must respect each other, not show each other bad behavior and must not bring outside behavior into school. (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023)
One way to instill good behavior and beliefs in a student is through setting good examples and by creating an environment that supports the development of student character. "We try our best to be able to receive lessons and pay attention to what we teach." (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023)
The teaching strategy or method used to help students understand and appreciate religious teachings and morals according to the Islamic Religious and Character Education teacher: "Providing a kind of practical method so that when children finish elementary school they no longer have to continue to the next level" (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023). What this means is that with this practice students do not carry their bad character to the next level.
3. Giving Assignments as Evaluation
As the results of an interview with Kasmawati as a teacher of Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea Jeneponto Regency said that:
The form of character building for students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea is by giving homework assignments with religious values. In the assignments given, students are expected to be able to practice them in everyday life. (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023)
Based on this expression, it can be concluded that the form of character building for students is by giving assignments as an evaluation for students so that they are able to apply what is taught regarding the learning of Islamic Religious Education and Character so that students are able practice it in life.
Then from the results of interviews with students regarding character development, researchers can conclude that so far the form of guidance carried out by schools and especially PAI teachers has only been to provide material, school assignments, PAI teachers have also given advice related to religious teachings in accustoming good character such as greetings, throw rubbish in the right place, prohibit eating while standing, don't speak rudely, be respectful, and so on. (Salsa, interview, July 28, 2023) It is acknowledged that the character of students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, still has poor behavior compared to other elementary schools. In
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terms of the family background of students, there are still many who don't care about their children's behavior. Therefore, schools strive to develop the character of these students through religious education. The bad character according to the principal is in terms of speaking, in terms of the use of language, conversations with classmates using harsh language, because it is caused by the influence of the environment. (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023)
From the explanation above, the researcher can conclude that the form of character building for students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea has been carried out well, but there are still students whose character needs to be further developed. Education must prioritize character values rather than high achievement. This does not mean that achievements are not important, but if you only achieve achievements but do not have good character then it is useless and can damage yourself and even your family, society and nation. This is what the researchers saw in the school environment, during class hours, there were still many students wandering around, even when the teacher was in the class, students easily lied, such as asking permission to go out to the toilet when in fact the students had gone to the canteen for snacks. This reflects that the character of the students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea is still not good. And the positive value is that before the teacher ends the teaching and learning process, the teacher provides motivation to students, with this motivation it is hoped that students can apply it in their daily lives.
Supporting and Inhibiting Factors that Influence the Implementation of Student Character Development through Learning Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency
1. Supporting Factors
a. Facilities and infrastructure
Supporting factors in developing student character are awareness within students, good cooperation between the school and students' parents, supportive advice and infrastructure as well as good motivational support from students' parents.
The facilities and infrastructure at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea are adequate so that they can be a supporting factor in developing the character of students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character. St. Manurung, the principal of UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, said that there were BOS (School Operational Assistance) funds distributed to students. Apart from that, there are LKS (Student Worksheets), package books and printed books that are used in the learning process, as well as learning curricula that support the formation of students' character (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023).
Meanwhile, Kasmawati as a PAI teacher said that the supporting factor for developing students' character in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character is the existence of textbooks and curriculum to help the learning process. (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023)
Free education is also a supporting factor that allows all students to have the opportunity to receive an education. With free education, there are no financial obstacles that prevent students from obtaining Islamic Religious Education. This ensures that all learners have equal access to deepen their understanding and practice of religion.
From the statement above, there is a supporting factor for developing the character of students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character, namely textbooks. With
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the presence of textbooks, teachers feel helped in the learning process. This helps students strengthen their connection with religious values in reading textbooks provided by the school.
b. Collaboration with Parents of Students
Collaboration between the school and the parents of students is really needed because this cooperation will make it easier for students to form good character because students will also be supervised in school. outside of school by their respective parents.
St. Manurung as the principal of UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea said that:
We involve parents because after all we as educators maybe at school we can educate children but at outside school, after arriving at At home, it is entirely his parents' responsibility to educate him well. (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023) Based on this statement, parents of students are really needed to help develop the character of students outside of school, in this way character development of students is not only done at school but is also carried out outside of school with the help of the students' own parents. It is hoped that this form of collaboration can help the school in developing better student character.
2. Inhibiting Factors
Of course, there are many obstacles faced by a teacher in developing the character of the students, it is impossible to develop the character of the students, everything will run smoothly, there are definitely many problems in developing the character of the students. Indeed, in developing students' behavior and character, they cannot just grow, there are many factors behind the formation of this character, factors that come from oneself and factors that come from outside the self.
Inhibiting factors refer to things that hinder or inhibit a process or progress. In the context of developing student character in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character, inhibiting factors refer to everything that hinders or complicates the process of developing strong and sturdy student character in students. These inhibiting factors can come from the school environment, social environment, curriculum, teacher qualifications, or even individual internal factors such as motivation or confidence.
Based on the results of an interview with the principal of UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, according to him, the problem faced by teachers in developing students' character, the most important problem is the influence of the surrounding environment and the role of the students' own parents (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023 ) . The values that develop in the family, as well as the pattern of attitudes of both parents towards the child, will greatly influence behavior at all stages of growth. Parents respect their children well, and will encourage their children to be respectful towards other people. Meanwhile, according to Kasmawati, a teacher of Islamic Religious Education and Character, there are still some students who are not fluent in reading and are also influenced by external factors, namely the influence of technology such as games (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023).
The principal of UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, stated that the problems faced by teachers in developing students' character were because the students' characters had been formed since they were first born, whether a student's character was
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good or bad depended on the upbringing of their parents at home. Then if there is a student's character that is not good, to change that character to a better direction will be difficult, not 100% capable of changing it, but it takes a long time, if the time at school is only half a day, then the student returns to adapting to his environment. . Children who grow up in a society that appreciates the value of time will usually become disciplined. Cultural competition in a society will encourage its members to be ambitious and may find it difficult to love others. (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023) Another obstacle in forming students' character does not come from the students themselves but the environment outside the school. Moreover, with increasingly widespread technological advances, students spend more time playing with gadgets than studying.
From the statement above, it can be concluded that these inhibiting factors, among others, come from the students themselves. Students come from different backgrounds and habits so they bring different characters. Then factors from outside the school environment, namely the community environment and the influence of technology.
Solutions for Overcoming Inhibiting Factors that Influence the Implementation of Students' Character Development through Learning Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency.
Every problem will definitely have a solution to find a way out of the problem. Based on the results of interviews with PAI teachers, he stated that the solution was:
"By giving assignments there we will assess the children, whether they change their attitude or not means they complete the assignments given." (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023)
Apart from that, if students still do not have awareness of character development, the teacher will give a punishment. Kasmawaati as a teacher of Islamic Religious Education and Character said that:
"Providing punishments that are in accordance with the rules, because students have different characters, so we as teachers try hard to find out how students can change their behavior, for example asking them to clean up in the classroom." (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023)
Meanwhile, the results of the interview with the school principal show that the solution is to provide guidance and advise continuously until the student really understands what is being directed, if later it changes again to misbehaving and misbehaving then it will be handed over to the deputy principal, later if the deputy principal couldn't do it before he conveyed it to the principal and then called his parents. (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023)
That is the solution that has been implemented at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalate, Jeneponto Regency when there are students who behave badly. Efforts made by schools to overcome these obstacles include implementing applicable regulations and providing sanctions for violators.
IV. CONCLUSION
The form of student character development used by schools in developing student character is by using teachers as role models, instilling religious values and manners and giving assignments related to religious teachings as an evaluation to students so that
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students are able to practice them in practice. everyday life. Supporting factors include;
adequate facilities and infrastructure and cooperation with parents. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors are environmental factors and the influence of technology. The solution to the inhibiting factors faced is to provide guidance, advise continuously until the student really understands what is being directed, if later it changes again to misbehaving and misbehaving then it will be handed over to the deputy principal, later If the deputy principal is unable to do so, then report it to the principal. Based on the research results, the implication of this research is that it is hoped that UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea Jeneponto Regency can become the best forum for students in pursuing basic education so that they can become students who are intelligent, tough and have good character, as well as minimizing inhibiting factors and continuing to maintain even increasing supporting factors in the formation of students' character.
VI. REFERENCE
[1] Amirullah. (2015). Theory of Character Education for Adolescents in the Family . Alphabet.
[2] Ekawatiningsih, P. (2016). Development of Character Education-Based Learning Assessments to Increase the Professionalism of School Educators. Proceedings of Culinary Engineering Education FT UNY , 11 (1).
[3] Elihami, E. (2021). An innovation of character of Islamic religious studies education towards education 4.0 in Elementary School: Bibliometric Reviews. Basicedu Journal , 6 (1), 146–156. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i1.1832
[4] Ikhwan, A., Farid, M., Rohmad, A., & Syam, AR (2020). Revitalization of Islamic Education Teachers in the Development of Student Personality. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research , 436 , 162–165.
https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200529.034
[5] Imam Tabroni, & Rahmania, S. (2022). Implementation of Akhlaqul Karimah Through Islamic Religious Education Approach in Early Children. EAJMR: East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research , 1 (1), 33–40.
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[7] Indonesian Ministry of Religion. (2017). The Qur'an and Translation . Ummul Qara.
[8] Komalasari, M., & Yakubu, AB (2023). Implementation of Student Character Formation Through Islamic Religious Education. At-Tadzkir: Islamic Education Journal , 2 (1), 52–64. https://doi.org/10.59373/attadzkir.v2i1.16
[9] Komariah, N., & Nihayah, I. (2023). Improving the Personality Character of Students Through Learning Islamic Religious Education. At-Tadzkir: Islamic Education Journal , 2 (1), 65–77. https://doi.org/10.59373/attadzkir.v2i1.15
[10] Lusitasari, SP (2016). The Principal's Strategy in Efforts to Improve Student Learning Achievement at SMP Negeri 1 Krian Sidoarjo. Educational Management Inspiration , 4 (2), 2.
[11] Muslich, M. (2015). Character Education Answers the Challenges of Multidimensional Crisis . PT. Literary Earth.
[12] Nisa, AK (2019). The Role of Educators in Character Education of Students at SDIT
Ulul Albab 01 Purworejo. Hanata Widya Journal , 8 (2).
[13] Ratnawati. (2018). The Role of Educators as Models in Forming Students' Character.
Proceedings of the National Seminar on STKIP Education Andi Matappa Pangkep , 1 (1).
[14] Said, H. (2010). Development of Cultural Education and National Character . Puskur Balit Bang.
[15] Shihab, MQ (2006). Tafsir Al-Misbah: Impression and Harmony of the Qur'an XIV . Heart Lantern.
[16] Susilawati, S., Aprilianti, D., & Asbari, M. (2022). The Role of Islamic Religious Education in Forming the Religious Character of Students. Journal of Information Systems and Management (JISMA) , 01 (01), 1–5.
https://jisma.org/index.php/jisma/article/view/1/1
[17] Sutejo, E., Nurdin, N., & Syahid, A. (2021). The Implementation of Islamic Education in Building Preprimary Disabled Students Character. International Journal of Contemporary Islamic Education , 3 (2), 41–58.
https://doi.org/10.24239/ijcied.vol3.iss2.38
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Character Development of Students in Learning Islamic Religious Education and Character
ABSTRACT: This article aims to describe the character development of students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character, describe the supporting and inhibiting factors, and describe solutions in overcoming the inhibiting factors that influence the implementation of student character development through learning Islamic Religious Education and Character.
at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research using phenomenological and pedagogical approaches. The data collection methods used are observation, interviews and documentation methods. This research instrument is a guide for observation, interviews, and documentation with data analysis including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions or verification. And data validity is carried out by data triangulation. Based on the research results, it shows that the form of character development of students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea is that teachers provide good role models, instill Islamic religious values and character in students, and give assignments as an evaluation.
Supporting factors include adequate facilities and infrastructure and cooperation with parents. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors are environmental factors and the influence of technology. The solution to overcome this problem is that the school provides advice and applies applicable regulations and provides sanctions. This research describes the character development of students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character, the supporting and inhibiting factors, as well as the solutions.
This shows the important role of the UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, considering the importance of moral and moral issues of students as the nation's future generation.
Keywords: Character Development, Islamic Religious Education, Character Development.
I. INTRODUCTION
One effort to develop an intelligent generation of the nation is through education, because education is projected to be able to produce reformist people or what are usually called agents of change. Therefore, a good educational process is needed to produce a good process too.
Education contains the meaning of guidance or assistance given to children by adults consciously and responsibly, both regarding physical and spiritual aspects towards the child's level of maturity. Education has been implemented since humans appeared on this earth in the form of providing inherited knowledge, skills and values from parents in preparing their children to face life and their future. Education is not merely an
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effort to prepare individuals to be able to adapt themselves to the environment, but is more directed at efforts to establish and be willing to preserve the environment in a harmonious relationship. (Lusitasari, 2016)
Islam strongly encourages its followers to seek knowledge because people who Knowledgeable people are given a special position in the sight of Allah SWT. as He says in QS. al-Mujadilah/58: 11.
ْو ُزُشْواَف ا ْو ُزُشْوا َمْيِق اَذِا َو ْْۚمُكَن ُ هاللّٰ ِحَسْفَي ا ْوُحَسْفاَف ِسِه ٰجَمْنا ىِف ا ْو ْْۙمُكْىِم ا ْوُ َِِلا ُ هاللّٰ ِعَف ْزَي ا
ٌزْيِبَخ َن ْوُهَمْعَت اَمِب ُ هاللّٰ َو ٍۗ ت ٰج َرَد َمْهِعْنا اوُت ْوُا َهْيِذَّنا َو ١١
Translation:
O you who believe, when it is said to you, "Make room in the assemblies", then make room, surely Allah will make room for you. And when it is said: "Stand up", then stand up, surely Allah will raise (the degree of) those who believe among you and those who have been given knowledge to a few degrees. And Allah is most careful in what you do. (Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia, 2017)
The prohibition on whispering revealed in the previous verses is one of the moral guidelines, in order to foster harmonious relationships between people. Whispering in the midst of other people muddies the relationship through the conversation. The verse above is a moral guidance regarding actions in the assembly to establish harmony in one assembly. Allah says "O you who believe, if it is said to you" by anyone: be free.
That is, try seriously, even if you force yourself, to give other people a place in the assemblies, namely a place, whether a seat or not a seat, if you are asked to do that, then open up a place for the other person voluntarily. If you do this, Allah will certainly make everything clearer for you in this life. And when it is said: "Stand in another place, or to... sit where you are for someone who is more reasonable, or get up to do something such as for prayer and jihad, then stand up and rise, Allah will exalt those who believe among you, O those who accept this guidance and those who are given knowledge. knowledge of several degrees later in this world and in the hereafter and Allah is All-Knowing of what you do now and in the future. (Shihab, 2006) The verse above explains to be enthusiastic about seeking knowledge, be patient, prepare opportunities to attend science councils, be enthusiastic about learning, prepare all resources to improve our knowledge and always increase our faith and piety.
The educational context places a large and strategic role in the position of an educator.
This is because educators are the spearhead in the implementation of education.
Educators directly meet students in process of transferring knowledge as well as educating learners about positive values through example, guidance and example. The role and duties of educators are not only limited to the environment and learning hours at school, but in essence educators are a strategic component that has an important role in determining the sustainability of the nation's life. (Ratnawati, 2018)
The phenomenon of moral/moral damage that befell teenagers in particular in Indonesian society in general has encouraged the Indonesian Government to implement the National Policy for National Character Development (KNPKB). One effort to realize this policy is to emphasize the importance of character education to be implemented in every educational institution, both formal (school) and non-formal
(community) (Amirulloh, 2015) . The moral problem of the younger generation is still a problem in the world of education, especially in Indonesia, in the increasingly fierce competition for human quality in this modern era. (Komariah & Nihayah, 2023) Coaching is a conscious and directed effort to instill noble character and moral values in children in accordance with the principles of Islamic teachings. and the guidance and behavior of the life of the Prophet Muhammad (Inayati, 2007) . Meanwhile, character is a person's character, character or personality which is formed from the internalization of various policies which are believed to be used as a basis for the way of seeing, thinking, behaving and acting. (Said, 2010) . Through character development, we teach students an understanding of good habits so that every activity carried out is always oriented towards goodness.
Based on research from Harvard University in the United States, it is stated that a person's success is not only determined by scientific and technical knowledge (hard skills), but also by the ability to manage oneself (soft skills). This research reveals that success is only determined by 20% hard skills and the remaining 80% by soft skills.
One way to hone soft skills is to apply them since school(Muslich, 2015) .
In line with this research, it is related to the goals of education in Indonesia in accordance with Law no. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System Article 3 which states that one of the goals of education is to develop the potential of students who have noble character, so character education is formed which is expected for students to have the characteristics of discipline, honesty, piety, responsibility.
responsible and creative. Based on these goals, to carry out educational goals in terms of character development, students are expected to be able to instill character from an early age. The position of morality in human life occupies a very important position, both as individuals and as members of society and the nation. The rise and fall of a nation depends on the morals of the nation itself . (Imam Tabroni & Rahmania, 2022) A student's character is formed through his interactions with his environment, for example his family, where he spends time studying and socializing. Therefore, it can be interpreted that the quality of education can determine the quality of a nation (Susilawati et al., 2022) . In the scope of education, teaching staff have an important role and function in forming children's personalities, in order to prepare and develop human resources and for the progress of the nation and state. Understanding students, educators must be able to know and explore the various characteristics of students as a whole. This is very important because the teaching and learning process involves all the characteristics they have in order to properly handle the formation of students' character, because in essence students are a unity of various characteristics that are integrated within themselves.(Nisa, 2019)
Character development teaches habits of thinking and behavior that help individuals to live and work together as a family, community and nation and helps them to make accountable decisions. This issue of the character of society (nation) is not only an Indonesian problem. Developed countries such as America, Japan and Europe also experience this problem. Students today seem to experience a lack of character. This lack of character results in the decline of students' morals. For this reason, character development is needed to develop excellence in students. The formation of character education is a process of transmission, formation, change and development of students' potential. So that they have a good conscience, good thoughts and good behavior in accordance with the values of Pancasila . (Komalasari & Yakubu, 2023)
Character education is closely related to management in schools, this includes, among other things, adequate planning, implementation and control of all activities in schools.
The components can be in the form of instilling values, curriculum, assessment, teaching staff, learning methods, and so on. When these components are adequate, character education at school will run according to what is expected. Teacher has a very important role in the learning process. Therefore, teaching staff must lead their students towards the goals they want to achieve , including character education . (Ikhwan et al., 2020)
Deviant events show that the character of Indonesia's young generation is at an alarming point. Several factors that cause low levels of character education are first, an education system that places less emphasis on character formation, but places more emphasis on intellectual development, for example the educational evaluation system emphasizes cognitive/academic aspects, such as the National Examination (UN).
Second, environmental conditions do not support good character development (Ekawatiningsih, 2016) .
Religion is still considered an important part in the moral and ethical formation of students at school. There are at least two reasons that strengthen this assumption. First, religious teachers are the first to be blamed when students make mistakes or act outside the limits of good ethics (Elihami, 2021) . There is an opinion that says that character is not to be taught, such as mathematics, physics, social studies, and so on, but to be formed and instilled. Therefore, learning strategies are directed at achieving Islamic Religious Education (PAI) and good character. The aim of education is not only in the cognitive realm but also in character and skills. (Sutejo et al., 2021) From the description above, researchers can conclude that character building of students is a coaching effort in the process of developing position (fitrah) from an external perspective through the influence of family, school and a good environment.
Character development of students is also able to produce strong resources to create people who are intellectually, socially and spiritually intelligent and have dedication and discipline, are honest, diligent, tenacious and innovative. Character development of students not only produces intelligent people with knowledge, but also their personalities and actions. Ideally, education must produce people who are skilled in their skills, intelligent in their intellect, and noble in their morals so that they become perfect human beings, this is what is called a human with character.
Based on initial observations carried out by researchers on January 2-31 2023, researchers found that several students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency still had bad behavior towards educators and their school friends. For example, calling people animals, making fun of them, speaking rudely to fellow friends or people older than them, eating standing up, and throwing rubbish in their place. And it is possible that this lack of politeness and politeness will lead to other bad behavior.
One of the phenomena of the moral crisis and lack of character that is currently affecting students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency. Bearing in mind the importance of the moral and moral issues of students as the future generation of the nation, the author tries to examine several factors that are behind students speaking impolite words and then the forms of character development of students and several other related things which are framed in a coaching theme. the character of
students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency.
II. METHOD
This research seeks to find out how to develop the character of students in learning Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, by going directly to the field. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research using phenomenological and pedagogical approaches. The informants in this research were the principal at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, one Islamic Religious Education teacher at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, and students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency, which was done through observation or direct observation. The data collection methods used are observation, interviews and documentation methods. This research instrument is a guide for observation, interviews, and documentation with data analysis including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions or verification. And data validity is carried out by data triangulation.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Forms of Character Development for Students in Learning Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, Jeneponto Regency One alternative that can be done in implementing character education in the school aims to optimize the learning of Islamic Religious Education and Character Education material by developing the character of students from elementary school. The role of religious education, especially Islamic Religious Education, is strategic in realizing the formation of student character. Religious education is a means of transforming knowledge in the religious aspect (cognitive aspect), as a means of transforming norms and moral values to form attitudes (affective aspect), which plays a role in controlling behavior (psychomotor aspect) so as to create a complete human personality.
Schools have a role in developing students' character, namely helping students to find their identity and providing provisions to carry out their roles, status, rights and obligations in their future lives. Teachers of Islamic Religious Education and Character Education have a major role in developing the character of students. In the context of achieving the goals of character education, Islamic Religious Education and Character Education teachers are one of the spearheads of the success of students' character because Islamic Religious Education and Character Education teachers are figures who are imitated in forming students' character.
Based on the results of interviews with the Principal at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, information was obtained that character development is the main development of student behavior at school and outside school. With this character development, it can at least improve the condition of students both at school and outside of school in pursuing learning, (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023) so that students become useful human beings both inside school and outside (society). Meanwhile, according to the Teacher of Islamic Religious Education and Character, character building is changing students' thinking patterns or behavior, because elementary school is a time of
Comment [S4]: This research approach is...
The type...
Data and data sources were obtained from...
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Comment [S5]: Focus the discussion on this section, focus on this sub-chapter according to the initial objectives of your research. Extend the discussion by correlating and showing data validation with triangulation, strengthening findings with other findings, supporting one statement with another statement. Include the theories you use, which you wrote in the introduction.
For other factors, I don't think it's necessary
searching for self-identity, so if behavior and thought patterns are not developed it will lead to the wrong path (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023), so with this character development it is hoped that the direction you want to take is the right path.
Then the character of the students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea, based on the results of an interview with the principal, he said that the character of students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea was generally good and obedient, then there were some students who still behaved badly, for example speaking rudely. and likes to make fun of his friends, if teachers hear that students are speaking harshly then they will be reprimanded and advised at that time (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023). Then the principal also said again that: "The character of the students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea is mostly obedient and good. And there are some who break the rules and like to speak harshly" (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023). The character of the students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea according to the Islamic Religious Education and Character Education teacher: "They still don't pay enough attention, because there are games so the children still need to be coached" (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023).
1. Teacher's Example
The form of character building for students based on the results of an interview with the principal at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea said that:
A form of character building for students is by making good habits, if a student meets the teacher, how to behave in front of the teacher, they must greet him. With this habit, it will always provide education to students. Then the form of character building for students is by imitating the teacher's behavior, so the teacher's behavior must be able to reflect good characteristics. (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023)
From this expression it can be understood that the teacher provides an example in being independent and working hard by always providing motivation, moral messages and guidance if students find it difficult, then involving students to be active in learning, apart from that the teacher provides an example by always being active and passionate about teaching.
Then, is the teacher's attitude good when they are in the school environment? Based on the results of an interview with the school principal, he stated that a teacher must behave well, even though students repeatedly break the rules, for example inviting the teacher, often arriving late, the teacher must not be angry but must always advise and provide understanding to the student. . The PAI teacher also expressed the same thing, according to him, a teacher is required to behave well in front of his students, especially an Islamic religious education teacher, a teacher always tries to adapt, don't let students think of teachers only as educators at school, but students must consider teachers as second parents after their mother and father. (Manurung, interview, 27 July 2023)
In its implementation, PAI teachers collaborate with other teachers in developing students' character, as Kasmawati as a teacher of Islamic Religious Education and Character said:
We also as teachers here complement each other, where usually there are children who are unable to direct, we work together with other teachers so that we can help
each other pay attention to these children, how so that their children can be like their friends who behave well. (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023)
Based on this expression, it can be concluded that the form of character building for students is through good habits, providing good examples to students so that students are able to understand and apply them in everyday life.
2. Instilling Islamic Religious Values and Character
Religious values based on Allah's revelation must always be instilled both in knowledge and in action to achieve students who are able to implement them with full awareness..
Implementation of the development of religious values and character is carried out through routine activities such as; say hello, speak kind words, pray for each activity, and so on.
As the results of an interview with Kasmawati as a teacher of Islamic Religious Education and Character at UPT SD Negeri 1 Tamalatea Jeneponto Regency said that:
Provide enlightenment before starting learning so that students do not forget that we must respect each other, not show each other bad behavior and must not bring outside behavior into school. (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023)
One way to instill good behavior and beliefs in a student is through setting good examples and by creating an environment that supports the development of student character. "We try our best to be able to receive lessons and pay attention to what we teach." (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023)
The teaching strategy or method used to help students understand and appreciate religious teachings and morals according to the Islamic Religious and Character Education teacher: "Providing a kind of practical method so that when children finish elementary school they no longer have to continue to the next level" (Kasmawati, interview, 29 July 2023). What this means is that with
