• Tidak ada hasil yang ditemukan

Comprehensive References on Pandemics, COVID-19, and Disaster Management

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2023

Membagikan "Comprehensive References on Pandemics, COVID-19, and Disaster Management"

Copied!
20
0
0

Teks penuh

(1)

REFERENCES

A&E Television Network. (2021). Pandemics That Changed History. History.

Retrieved 10 April 2021, from https://www.history.com/topics/middle- ages/pandemics-timeline

Abdullah, M., Dias, C., Muley, D., & Shanin, Md. (2020). The Impacts of COVID-19 on Travel Behavior and Mode Preferences. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 8, 1-13.

Adams, J. (2002) Risk. London: Taylor & Francis Group.

AHK Indonesia. (2021). COVID-19 Developments in Indonesia. EKONID AHK

Indonesia. Retrieved 3 March 2021, from

https://indonesien.ahk.de/en/infocenter/news/news-details/covid-19-developments-in- indonesia

Ahmadun, I. M. S. F., & Said, A. M. (2003). A review of disaster and crisis. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, Vol. 12 (1), 24 – 32.

Ainiyah, N., Deliar, A., & Virtriana, R. (2016) The Classical Assumption Test to Driving Factors of Land Cover Change in the Development Region of Northern Part of West java. In: The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. [online] Prague, Czech Republic, pp.205-210. Retrieved 9 April 2021 from <http://10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B6-205-2016>

Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behaviour. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211.

Albarq, A. N. (2013). Applying a SERVQUAL Model to Measure the Impact of Service Quality on Customer Loyalty Among Local Saudi Banks in Riyadh. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 3, 700.

Aliaga, M. & Gunderson, B. (2002). Interactive Statistics. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

Allen, G. & Albaba, K. (2007). The Business of Food, USA: Greenwood Press.

Alneng, V. (2002). The modern does not cater for natives Travel ethnography and the conventions of form. Tourist Studies, 2, 119- 142.

Andrianto, T., & Sugiama, A. G. (2016). The Analysis of Potential 4A’s Tourism Component in the Selasari Rural Tourism, Pangandaran, West Java. Asia Tourism Forum 2016 – The 12th Biennial Conference of Hospitality and Tourism Industry in Asia (ATF-16). Atlantic Press.

(2)

Akyeampong, O. A. (2007). Tourism in Ghana: The accommodation sub-sector. Accra, Ghana: Janel Publications.

Akyeampong, O. A. (2007). Tourism in Chana: The Accommodation sub-sector. Accra, Ghanna: Janel Publications.

Ariana, N. & Sudiarta, I.N. (2006). ‘Impliementasi Marketing Mix pada Masing- Masing Tahap Life Cycle Pariwisata Bali’, Journal Manajemen Pariwisata,
6 (2), 85 - 102.

Arof, K. Z. M., Ismail, S., & Saleh, A. L. (2018). ‘Contractor’s Performance Appraisal System in the Malaysian Construction Industry: Current Practice, Perception and Understanding’, International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(3.9), 46-51.

Babin, B. J., D’Alessandro, S., Winzsar, H., Lowe, B., & Zikmund, W. (2020).

Marketing Research (5th ed.). Australia: Cengage.

Badan Pusat Statistik. (BPS) (2018). Jumlah Devisa Sektor Pariwisata (Milliar US$).

Badan Pusat Statistik. Retrieved 2 March 2021, from https://bps.go.id/indikator/indikator/view_data/0000/data/1160/sdgs_8/1

Badan Pusat Statistik. (BPS) (2020). Perkembangan Pariwisata dan Transportasi Nasional Juni 2020. Indonesia: Badan Pusat Statistik.

Badan Pusat Statistik dan Kementrian Dalam Negeri. (BPS) (2021). Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2020 di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Indonesia: Badan Pusat Statistik.

Badan Pusat Statistik dan Kementrian Dalam Negeri. (BPS) (2021). Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2020 di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Indonesia: Badan Pusat Statistik.

Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi DKI Jakarta. (2021). Keadaan Angkatan Kerja Provinsi/

Oki Jakarta Agustus 2020. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi DKI Jakarta.

Baines, P., Fill, Chris., & Rosengren, S. (2017). Marketing (4th ed). United Kingdom:

OXFORD University Press.

Bajpai, K. P. (2000). Human Security: Concept and Measurement (Kroc Institute Occaasional Paper No. 19). University of Notre Dame.

Bali Post. (2020). Di Luar Ekspektasi, Segini Jumlah Kunjungan Wisdom ke Bali Saat Libur Pannjang Ini, Bali Post, Retrieved 25 April 2021 from https://www.balipost.com/news/2020/10/30/154987/Di-Luar-Ekspektasi,Segini-

Jumlah...html

Batra, A. (2008). Foreign Tourists’ Perception Towards Personal Safety and Potential Crime While Visiting Bangkok. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 19, 89-101.

(3)

Batra, S. K., & Kazmi, S. H. H. (2008). Consumer Behaviour Text and Cases (2nd ed.).

New Delhi: EXCEL BOOKS.

Bauer, R. A. (1960). Consumer Behavior as Risk Taking. Chicago, IL: American Maarketing Association.

Becken, S. (2009). The Carbon Footprint of domestic Tourism. Lincoln University.

Environment, Society and Design Division. 


Bevans, R. (2020). An Introduction to Multiple Linear Regression. Scribbr. Retrieved 10 May 2021 from https://www.scribbr.com/statistics/multiple-linear-regression/

Black, K. (2012). Business Statistics for Contemporary Decision Making (7th ed.).

United States: John Wiley & Sons.

Blythe, J. and Martin, J. (2019) Essentials of Marketing (7th ed.). England: Pearson Education.

Bodosca, S., Gheorghe, S. and Nistoreanu, P. (2014) Tourist Consumption Behaviour Before and After the Crisis from 2008, Paper presented at the 21st International Economic Conference 2014, IECS 2014, 16-17 May 2014, Sibiu: Procedia Economics and Finance.

Bonet, D. G. and Wright, T. A. (2014) Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability: Interval Estimation, Hypothesis Testing, and Sample Size Planning. Journal of Organizational Behavior. Doi: 10.1002/job.1960

Bowling, A. and Elbrahim, S. (2005) Handbook of Health Research Methods:

Investigation, measurement and analysis. United Kingdom: Bell and Bain Ltd.

Breda, Z. & Costa, C. (2006). Safety and Security Issues Affecting Inbound Tourism in PRC, MA: Elsevier.

Briciu, V. (2013). Differences between Place Branding and Destination Branding for Local Brand Strategy Development. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brașov, 6(1), 9-14. 


Brouder, P. (2020). Reset Redux: Possible Evolutionary Pathways towards the Transformation of Tourism in a COVID-19 World. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 484- 490. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1760928


Brown, J. D. (2001). Using Surveys in Language Programmes. Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press.

Buhrmester, M., Kwang, T., & Gosling, S. D. (2011). Amazon’s Mechanical Turk: A new source of inexpensive, yet high-quality, data?. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6(1), 3–5.

Caldito, A, L., Dimanche, F., & Ilkevich, S. (2015). Chapter 4: Tourist Behaviour and Ttrends in book: Tourism in Russia: A Management Handbook. Emerald Editors.

(4)

Camilleri, M. A. (2018). Travel Marketing, Tourism Economics and The Airlines Product: An Introduction to Theory and Practice. Malta: Springer.

Camilleri, M. A. (2019). Tourism Planning and Destination Marketing. Bingley, UK:

Emerald Publishing Limited.

Campbell, M., & Goodstein, R. (2001). The Modeling Effect of Perceived Risk on Consumers’ Evaluations of Product Incongruit: Preference for the Norm. Journal of Consumer Research, 28(3), 439-449.

Cant, M. c., Strydom, J. W., Jooste, C. J., & du Plessis, P. J. (2006). Marketing Management. Cape Town: Juta & Co. Ltd.

CIMA Official Terminology. (2005). Chartered Institute of Management Accountants, London: CIMA Publishing.

Chan, J., Yuan, S., Kok, K., To, K., Chu, H., & Yang, J. et al. (2020). A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. The Lancet, 395(10223), 514-523.

https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30154-9

Chang, S. Y. (2009). Australians’ Holiday Decisions in China: A Study Combining Novelty-seeking and Risk-perception Behavior. Journal of China Tourism Research, 5, 364-387.

Chatuvedi, P. D., & Chatuvedi, M. (2011). Business Communication Concepts, Cases, and Applications (2nd ed.). India: Dorling Kindersley.

Chebli, A. & Said, F. B. (2020). Perceive Threat of COVID-19 and Future Travel Avoidance: Results from an Early Convenient Sample in Slovenia. Journal of Tourism Management Research, 7(2), 196-207.

CNN Inodnesia (2020) Pariwisata Bali Rugi Rp 138T Karena Corona. CNN Indonesia.

Retrieved 3 March 2021 from

https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20200424184540-92-497101/pariwisata- bali-rugi-rp138-t-karena-corona

Cobb, M., Puchalski, C. M., & Rumbold, B. (2012). Spirituality in Healthcare. Oxford:

Oxford University Press.

Cohen, E. (1972). Toward A sociology of International Tourism. Social Research, 39(1), 164-182.

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research Method in Education (6th ed.).

Abingdon: Routledge.

Connaway, L. S., & Powell, R. R. (2010). Basic Research Methods for Librarian (5th ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Libraries Unlimited.

Conn, P. M. (2006). Handbook of Models for Human Aging. United States: Elsevier.

(5)

Cooper, C., Fletcher, J., Gilbert, D., & Wanhill, S. (2008). Tourism Principles and Practices (4th ed.). England: Pearson Education Ltd.

Cooper, C., & Hall, M. (2008). Contemporary Tourism: An International Approach.

London, Butterworth- Heinemann.


Cooper, D. R. and Schindler, P. S., 2014. Business Research Method. 12th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of V. (2020).

The Species Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus: Classifying 2019-ncOv AND Naming IT sars-cOv-2. Nar Microbiol, 5, 536-44.

Couto, G., Castanho, R., Pimentel, P., Carvalho, C., Sousa, Á., & Santos, C. (2020).

The Impacts of COVID-19 Crisis over the Tourism Expectations of the Azores Archipelago Residents. Sustainability, 12(18), 7612. doi: 10.3390/su12187612

Crane, L., Gantz, G., Isaacs, S., Jose, D., & Sharp, R. (2013). Introduction to Risk Management Understanding Agricultural Risks: Production, Marketing, Financial, Legal, Human (2nd ed.). USA: Extention Risk Management Education and Risk Management Agency.

Crompton, J. L. (1979). Motivations for Pleasure Vacation. Annals of Tourism Research. 6, 408-424.

Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the interval structure of tests.

Psychometrika, 16, 297–334.

Cui, F., Liu, Y., Chang, Y., Duan, J., & Li, J. (2016). An overview of tourism risk perception. Natural Hazards, 82(1), pp. 643-658. doi: 10.1007/s11069-016-2208-1 Dagnaux, M. C. & Granjon, N. (1990).’Luxury Tourism’, Dossier Espaces, 7, pp. 111.

Damanik, C. (2019). Jumlah Turis ke Bali pun Turun gara-gara Tiket Pesawat Mahal.

Kompas, Retrieved 6 March 2021 from

https://regional.kompas.com/read/2019/06/03/13420161/jumlah-turis-ke-bali-pun- turun-gara-gara-tiket-pesawat-mahal

Dane, F. C. (2011). Evaluating Research Methodology for People Who Need to Read Research. United States: SAGE Publications.

Darby, M. L., & Walsh, M. (2010). Dental Hygiene Book: Theory and Practice, Missouri: Saunders Elsevier.

Das, K. R., & Imon, A. H. M. R. (2016). ‘A Brief Review of Tests for Normality’, American journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), pp. 5-12.

(6)

Denscombe, M. (2014). The Good Research Guide for Small-scale Social Research Projects (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Dewi, N. I. K., Astawa, I. P., Siwantara, I. W., & Bagus, I. G. A. (2017). Strategy Development: Case Study on Two Cultural Villages in Bali. Journal of Advances in Humanities and Social Sciences 3(6), 293-302.

Dinas Pariwisata Kota Denpasar. (2018). Analisa Pasar Wisatawan Nusantara di Kota Denpasar. Denpasar: Dinas Pariwisata Kota Denpasar.

Dinas Pariwisata Kota Denpasar. (2019). Analisa Pasar dan Indeks Kepuasan Nusantara.

Denpasar: Dinas Pariwisata Kota Denpasar.

Dixit, S. K. (2017). The Routledge Handbook of Consumer Behaviour in Hospitality and Tourism. New York: Routledge.

Dolma, S. (2010) The Central Roles of Unit Analysis Concept in Research Design.

Journal of the School of Business Administration, 39(1), 69-174.

Dolnicar, S. (2005). Understanding Barriers to Leisure Travel: Tourist Fears as a Marketing Basis. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 11(3), 197-208.

Dwityas, N. A., & Briandana, R. (2017). ‘Social Media in Travel Decision Making Process’, International Journal Humanities and Social Science, 7(7), 1-9.

Efflein, J. (2021). Number of Cumulative Cases of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Worldwide from January 22, 2020 to March 16, 2021, by day. Satista. Retrieved 25th March 2021 from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1103040/cumulative-coronavirus- covid19-cases-number-worldwide-by-day/

Eichhorn, V., & Buhalis, D. (2011). Accessibility: A Key Objective for the Tourism Industry. Accessible Tourism: Concepts and Issues, 46-61.

Elliott, A. C., & Woodward, W.A. (2007). Statistical analysis quick reference guidebook with SPSS examples (1st ed.). London: Sage Publications.

Engel, J. F., Kollat, D. T., & Blackwell, R. D. (1968). Consumer Behavior. New York:

Holt Rinehart and Winston.

Embassy of The Republic of Indonesia in Brussels Belgium. (2020) Policies by The Indonesian Government Related to the Coroavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic. Embassy of The Republic of Indonesia in Brussels Belgium. Retrieved 5 March 2021 from https://kemlu.go.id/brussels/en/news/6349/policies-by-the-indonesian-government- related-to-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic

Erasmus, A.C., Boshoff, E.,&Rousseau, G. G. (2001). Consumer decision-making models within the discipline of consumer science: A critical approach. Journal of Family Ecology and Consumer Sciences, 29, 82 –90.


(7)

Fall, L. T., & Massey, J. E. (2005). The Significance of Crisis Communication in the Aftermath of 9/11: A National Investigation of How Tourism Managers have Re- Tooled their Promotional Campaigns. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 19(23), 77–90.

Fernando, S. (2010). Mental Health Race and Culture (3rd ed.). London: Red Globe Press.

Fletcher, J., Fyall, A., Gilbert, D., & Wanhill, S. (2017). Tourism Principles and Practice (6th ed.). Pearson.

Floyd, M. F., et al. (2004). The Effect of Risk Perceptions on Intentions to Travel in the Aftermath of September 11 2001. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 15, 19-38.

Formica, S. (2002). Mesasuring Destination Attractiveness: A Proposed Framework.

Journal of American Academy of Business, 1(2), 350-355.

Francionni, F., & Vrdoljak, A. F. (2020). The Oxford Handbook of International Cultural Heritage Law. Oxfors, UK: Oxford University Press.

Gaur, K. D. (2009). Textbook on The India Panel Code (4th ed.). India: Universal Law Publishing.

George, D., & Mallery, P. (2008). SPSS for Windows Step by Step. Boston: Pearson.

George, R. (2003). Tourists Perceptions of Safety and Security while Visiting Cape Town. Tourism Management, pp. 575-585.

Ghozali, I. (2011). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan menggunakan SPSS.

Gramedia.

Ghozali, I. (2013). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 21 Update PLS Regresi. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Ghozali, I. (2016). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariete Dengan Program IBM SPSS 23 (8th ed.). Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Golets, A., Farias, J., Pilati, R., & Costa, H. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic and Tourism:

The Impact of Health Risk Perception and Intolerance of Uncertainty on Travel Intentions. doi: 10.20944/preprints202010.0432.v1

Gómez-Vega, M. and Picazo-Tadeo, A.J. (2019). Ranking World Tourist Destinations with a Composite Indicator of Competitiveness: To Weigh or Not to Weigh? Tour.

Manag, 72, 281–291. 


Granhag, P, A., Vrij, A., & Verschuere, B. (2015). Detecting Deception Current Challenges and Cognitive Approaches. UK: John Wiley & Sons.

Green, G. P., & Haines, A. (2018). Asset Building & Community Development. USA:

SAGE Publications.

(8)

Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan COVID-19 Republik Indonesia. (2021). Statistik COVID-19 per Provinsi. Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penangannan COVID-19 Republik

Indonesia. Retrieved on 31 March 2021 from

https://datastudio.google.com/u/0/reporting/fda876a7-3eb2-4080-92e8- 679c93d6d1bd/page/h6oVB

Gujarati, D. N. (2004). Basic Econometrics. 4th ed. McGraw-hill.

Gustafson, P. (2012). Managing Business Travel: Developments and Dilemmas in Corporate Travel Management. Tourism Management, 33(2), 276–284.

Gut, P. and Jarrell, S. (2007). Silver Lining on a Dark Cloud: The Impact of 9/11 on a Regional Tourist Destination. Journal of Travel Research, 46(2), 147-153.

Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., & Anderson, R.E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th Ed.). Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.

Hair, J., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis. New Jersey: Pearson New International.

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Hall, C. M. (2008). Tourism planning: Policies, processes and relationships. London:

Pearson Education.

Hanggara, A. (2020). Linnimasa Kebijakan Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 di Jakarta.

Layanan Darurat Covid-19. Retrieved 25 April 2021 from https://corona.jakarta.go.id/id/artikel/linimasa-kebijakan-penanganan-pandemi-covid- 19-di-jakarta

Harisonn, P., Cowen, P., Burns, T., & Fazel, M. (2018). Shorter Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Haryana, A. (2020). Economic and Welfare Impacts on Indonesia’s Tourism Sector.

Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan, 4(3), 300-311.

Heale, R. & Twycross, A. (2015). Validity and Reliability in Quantitative Studies. BMJ Journals, 18(3), 66-67.

Henderson, J. C. (2007). Tourism Crisis: Causes, Consequences, and Management.

USA: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Herle, F. A. (2018). The Impact of Destination Image on Tourists’ Satisfaction and Loyalty in the Context of Domestic Tourism. MID Journal, 1(2), 14-26.

(9)

Heung, V. C. S., Qu, H., & Chu, R. (2001). The Relationship between Vacation Factors and Socio-demographic and Travelling Characteristics: The Case of Japanese Leisure Travelers. Tourism Management, 22, 259-269.

Hewstone, M., & Stroebe, W. (2020). An Introduction to Social Psychology (7th ed.).

Hoboken: Wiley.

Higgins-Desbiolles, F. (2020). Socialising Tourism for Social and Ecological Justice after COVID-19. Tourism Geographies, 1– 14.

Hill, R. C., Griffiths, W. E., & Lim, G. C. (2011). Principles of Econometric (4th ed.).

United States: John Wiley & Sons.

Hirschmann, R. (2021). Number of Foreign Tourist Arrivals to Bali, Indonesia from 2011 to 2020. Satista, Retrieved 7 March 2021 from https://www.statista.com/statistics/976842/foreign-tourist-arrivals-numbers-bali- indonesia/

Holloway, J. C., & Taylor, N. (2006). The Business of Tourism. London: Pearson Education.

Honigsbaum, M. (2009). Living with Enza: The Forgotten Story of Britain and the Great Flu Pandemic of 1918. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Hotle, S., Murray-Tuite, P., & Singh, K. (2020). Influenza Risk Perception and Travel- Related Health Protection Behavior in the US: Insights for the Aftermath of the COVID-19 Outbreak. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 5, 100127.

Houser, R. (2009). Counseling and Educational Research: Evaluation and Application.

United States: Sage.

Houser, J. (2012). Nursing Research: Reading, Using, and Creating Evidence (3rd ed.).

United States: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Howard, J. A., & Sheth, J. N. (1969). The Theory of Buyer Behaviour. New York:

Wiley.

Huang, J., Chuang, S., & Lin, Y. (2008). Folk Religion and Tourist Intention Avoiding Tsunami-affected Destinations. Annn Tour Res, 35(4), 1074-1078.

Hystad, P. W., & Keller, P. C. (2008). Towards a Destination Tourism Disaster Management Framework: Long-term Lessons from a Forest Fire Disaster. Tourism Management, 29(1), 151-162.

Ikart, E. M. (2019). Survey Questionnaire Survey Pretesting Method: An Evaluation of Survey Questionnaire via Expert Reviews Techniques. Asian Journal of Social Science Study, 4(2), 1-17.

(10)

Indonesia Industrial Estates Directory. (2019). Bali Province. Indonesia Industrial

Estates Directory. Retrieved 3 March 2020 from

https://industrialestateindonesia.com/files/provinces/rYKJ4zaMXFNJC6aBLn9tnHFk YeQe8G8sIO5baSDL.pdf

Inglehart, R. F., & Norris, P. (2012). The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse:

Understanding Human Security. Scandinavian Political Studies, 35(1), 71-96.

Jacoby, J., & Kaplan, L. (1972). The Components of Risk Perception. In Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Conference, 382-393. Associations for Consumer Research Champaign.

Jafari, J. (Ed.). (2002). Encyclopedia of Tourism. Oxford: Routledge.

Jain, P. L. (2001). Quality Control and Total Quality Management. New Delhi:

McGraw-Hill.

Jamal, T., & Budke, C. (2020). ‘Tourism in a world with pandemics: local-global responsibility and action,’ Journal of Tourism Futures, 6(2), 181-188.

Jr, R. M. G., Gabor, P. A., & Unrau, Y. A. (2016) Program Evaluation for Social Workers (7th ed.) United States: Oxfords University Press.

Juergensmeyer, M., Sasse, S., & Steger, M. B. (2018). The Oxford Handbook of Global Studies. USA: Oxford University Press.

Juvan, E., Omerzel, D., & Maravic, M. (2017). Tourist Behaviour: An Overview of Models to Date. In Management International Conference (pp. 23-33). Venice: MIC.

Kabote, F., Mamimine, P. W., & Muranda, Z. (2017). Domestic Tourism for Sustainable Development in Developing Countries: A Conceptual Paper. Journal of Tourism – Studies and Research in Tourism, 23 (3).

Kasimoglu, M. & Aydin, H. (2012). Strategies for Tourism Industry Micro and Macro Perspective. Croatia: Intech.

Kementrian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia. (Kemenlu) (2021). No.

D/00060/01/2021/64. Kemenlu. Retrieved 31st March 2021 from https://kemlu.go.id/download/L1NoYXJlZCUyMERvY3VtZW50cy8yMDIxMDExN F9DTiUyMFJlZ2FyZGluZyUyMENvdmlkLTE5JTIwVGFzayUyMEZvcmNlJTIwQ2 lyY3VsYXIlMjBOb3RlJTIwTm8uMiUyMDIwMjFfJTIwRDAwMDYwLUV4dGVud Glvbi5wZGY=

Kementrian Koordinator Bidang Pembangunan Manusia dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. (Kemenko PMK) (2019). Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, Kemenko PMK. Retrieved 31 March 2021 from https://www.kemenkopmk.go.id/pembatasan- sosial-berskala-besar

(11)

Kementrian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif (Kemenparekraf). (2015). Data Ranking Devisa Pariwisata. Kemenrparekraf. Retrieved 2 March 2021 from https://www.kemenparekraf.go.id

Kementrian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif (Kemenparekraf). (2021). Perkembangan Bulanan Kunjungan Wisman 2016-2020. Indonesia: Kemenparekraf.

Khan, M. (2006). Consumer Behaviour and Advertising Management. New Age International.

Kibicho, W. (2016). Sex Tourism in Africa: Kenya’s Booming Industry. Africa:

Routledge.

Kim, C., Cheon, S.H., Choi, K., Joh, C. H., & Lee, H. J. (2017). Exposure to Fear:

Changes in Travel Behavior during MERS outbreak in Seoul. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 21(7), 2888-2895.

Kim, H. Y. (2013). Statistical notes for clinical researchers: Assessing normal distribution (2) using skewness and kurtosis. Restor Dent Endod, 38, 52–54.

Komite Penanganan COVID-19 dan Pemuliahn Ekonomi Nasional (KPCPEN). (2021).

Data Sebaran. KPCPEN. Retrieved 3 March 2021 from https://covid19.go.id/peta- sebaran

Kotler, P. & Armstrong, G. (2003). Principles of Marketing. New York: Prentice Hall.

Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2010). Principles of Marketing. New York: Prentice Hall.

Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2008). Principles of Marketing (12th ed.). New Jersey:

Prentice Hall.

Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2018). Principles of Marketing (17 ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education.

Kotler, P., Bowen, J., & Makens, J. (1999). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism (2nd ed.) US: Prentice Hall Inc.

Kotler, P., & Keller, K.L. (2012). Marketing Management (14th Ed.). USA: Pearson Education.

Kotler, P., et al., Keller. K. L., Goodman, M., Brady, M., & Hansen, T, (2019).

Marketing Management (4th ed.). United Kingdom: Pearson Education Limited.

Korstanje, M. (2011). The Fear of Traveling: A New Perspective for Tourism and hospitality. Anatolia, 22(2), pp. 222-223.

Kumar, S. R. (2008). Conceptual Issues in Consumer Behaviour the Indian Context.

India: Dorling Kindersley.

(12)

Kuo, H.I., Chen, C. C., Tseng, W. C., Ju, L.F., & Huang, B. W. (2008). Assessing impacts of SARS and Avian Flu on international tourism demand to Asia. Tourism Management, 29(5), 917-928.

Lam, J. (2017). Implementing Enterprise Risk Management from Methods to Applications. Canada: John Wiley & Sons.

Lapan, S. D., Quartaroli, M. T., & Riemer, F. J. (2012). Qualitative Research: An Introduction to Methods and Design. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Law, R. (2006). The Perceived Impact of Risks on Travel Decisions. International Journal of Tourism Research, 9, 233-242.

Leask, A. (2016). Visitor Attraction Management: A Critical Review of Research 2009- 2014. Tourism Management, 57, 334-361.


Leiper, N. (1979). The framework of tourism: Towards a definition of tourism, tourist, and the tourist industry. Annals of tourism research, 6, 390-407.

Leiper, N. (1995). Tourism Management. Melbourne: RMIT Press. 


Lepp, A., & Gibson, H. (2003). Tourist Roles, Perceived Risk and International Tourism’, Annals of Tourism Research. 30, 606-624.

Levine, D., & Stephan, D. (2015). Even you can learn statistics analysis. New Jersey:

Pearson Education Inc.

Lohmann, G., & Netto, A. P. (2008). Tourism Theory Concepts, Models and Systems, Potugese: CABI.

Mackenzie, S. H. & Goodnow, J. (2020). Adventure in the Age of COVID-19:

Embracing Microadventures and Locavism in a Post-Pandemic World. Leisure Sciences, 0(0), 1–8.

Madubuike, S. (2020). Perceive Threat of COVID-19 and Future Travel Avoidance:

Results from an Early Convenient Sample in Slovenia, Haaga-Heila University of Applied Research, Finland.

Mathers, N., Fox, N., & Hunn, A. (2009). Surveys and Questionnaires. Yorkshire: The NIHR RDS for the East Midlands.

Marcg, R. G., & Woodside, A. G. (2005). Tourism Behavior: Travelers’ Decisions and Actions. Cambridge: CABI Publishing.

Martin, H.S., & Bosque, I. A.R. (2008). Exploring the Cognitive-Affective Nature of Destination Image and the Role of Psychological Factors in its Formation. Tourism Management, 29, 263-377.

Mashabi, S. (2021) Targetkan Vaksinasi 182 Juta Penduduk Selesai Akhir Tahun, Jokowi Bicara Ketersediaan Vaksin. Kompas, Retrieved 3 March 2021 from

(13)

https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2021/02/20/12385301/targetkan-vaksinasi-182-juta- penduduk-selesai-akhir-tahun-jokowi-bicara

Mathison, S. (2005). Encyclopaedia of Evaluation. United States: Sage Publications.

Mathieson, A., & Wall, G. (1982). Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts.

New York: Longman.

Medlik, S. (2012). Dictionary of travel, tourism and hospitality (3rd ed.). Oxford:

Routledge. 


Merdeka. (2021). Hari ini, DKI Sumbang Kasus Covid-19 Tertinggi CaPAI 4.121 Positif. Merdeka. Retrieved 10 April 2021 from https://www.merdeka.com/jakarta/hari- ini-dki-sumbang-kasus-covid-19-tertinggi-capai-4121-positif.html

Mertens, D. M. (2005). Research and Evaluation in Education and Psychology:

Integrating, Diversity with Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods, 2nd ed.

California: Sage Publications.

McAullife, G., et al. (2008). Culturally Alert Counselling a Comprehensive Introduction, USA: SAGE.

McDivitt, J. F., & Leinbach, T. R. (2020). Indonesia. Encyclopedia Britannica.

Retrieved 3 March 2021 from https://www.britannica.com/place/Indonesia

Mclean, D. D., & Hurd, A. R. (2015). Recreation and Leisure in Modern Society (10th ed.). Burlington: Jones & Barlett Learning.

McMullan, C. K. (1997). Crisis: When Does a Molehill Become a Mountain. Disaster Prevention and Management, 6(1), 4-10.

Milner. T., & Rosentreich, D. (2013). A Review of Consumer Decision-making Models and Development of a New Model of Financial Services. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 18(2), 106-120.

Molina, A., Gomez, M., & Martin-Consuegra, D. (2010). Tourism Marketing Information and Destination Image Management. African Journal of Business Management, 4(5), 722-728.

Morgan, N., Pritchard, A., & Pride, R. (2011). Destination Branding: Managing Place Reputation. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 8(4), 129-142. 


Murthy, E. K. (2008). Introduction to Tourism and Hospitality Ethics. India: ABD Publisher.

Nashoha, M. R. (2019). Pengaruh Faktor Kebudayaan, Sosial, Pribadi, dan Psikologis Terhadap Keputusan Memilih Baank Syariah di Kota Yogyakrta (Studi Pada Maasyarakat non Muslim di Kota Yogyakarta, Master’s thesis. Univesitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta.

(14)

Nassaji, H. (2015) Qualitative and Descriptive Research: Data Type Versus Data Analysis. Language Teaching Research, 19(2), 129-132.

Nazneen, S., Hong, X., & Ud Din, N. (2020). COVID-19 Crises and Tourist Travel Risk Perceptions. Nankai University, China.

Nicosia, F. M. (1966). Consumer decision Processes: Marketing and Advertising Implications. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall.

Ninemeier, J. D., & Perdue, J. (2008). Discovering Hospitality and Tourism: The World’s Greatest Industry (2nd ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Norcross, J. C., & Goldfried, M. R. (2019). Handbook of Psychotherapy Integration (3rd ed.). UK: OXFORD University Press.

Oliver, R. (1997). Satisfaction: A Behavioural Perspective on Consumer. Boston:

McGraw- Hill

Papatheodorou, A. (2006). Managing Tourism Destinations. Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishers

Parady, G., Taniguchi, A., & Takami, K. (2020). Travel Behavior Changes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Analyzing the Effects of Risk Perception and Social Influence on Going-out Self-Restriction. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspective, 7, 1-15.

Paranhos, R., Figueiredo-Filho, D., Rocha, E., Silva-Júnior, J.A., Neves, J.A., & Santos, M. (2014). Unveiling the Mysteries of Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient: The Return.

Leviathan.

Park R. E. (1966). Estimation with Heteroscedastic Error Terms. Econometrica, 34(4), 888.

Park, S., & Tussyadiah, I. (2016). Multidimensional Facets of Perceived Risk in Mobile Travel Booking. Journal of Travel Research, 56(7), 854-867. doi:

10.1177/0047287516675062

Perić, G., Dramićanin, S., & Conić, M. (2021). The Impact of Serbian Tourist’s Risk Perception on Their Travel Intentions during the COVID-19 Pandemic. European Journal of Tourism Research, 1-22.

Perriman, H., Ramsaran-Fowdar, R., & Baguant, P. (2010). The impact of the global financial crisis on consumer behaviour in Z Haqq (ed.). Proceedings of Annual London Business Research Conference. 12-14 July, Imperial College. London, UK, World Business Institute, Melbourne, Australia, 1-14.

Peters, K., Peres, J., & Peters, N. (2020). Australia: KPPM STRATEGY.

(15)

Pfleeger, C.P., & Pfleeger, S.L. (2003). Security in Computing. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall Professional.

Pizam, A., & Mansfeld, Y. (2006). Toward a Theory of Tourism Security. Burlington:

Butterworth-Heinemann.

Plog, S. (1974). Why Destination Areas Rise and Fall in Popularity. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 14(4), 55-58.

Project Management Institute. (2008). Guide to Project Management Body of Knowledge (4th ed.). USA: PMI.

Rani, P. (2014). Factors Influencing Consumer behaviour. International journal Current Research Academy Rev, 2(9), 52-61.

Raven, P. H., Hassenzahl, D. M., & Berg, L. R. (2012). Environment (8th ed.). United States: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Remler, D. K., & Van Ryzin, G. G. (2015). Research Methods in Practice Strategies for Description and Causation (2nd ed.). New York: SAGE.

Ridley, D. (2012). The Literature Review (2nd ed.). London: Sage.

Rittichainuwat, B. N., & Chakraborty, G. (2009). Perceived Travel Risks regarding Terrorism and disease: The case of Thailand. Tourism Management, 30(3), 410-418.

Rizal, J. G. (2020). 10 Provinsi dengan Kasus Covid-19 Aktif Terbanyak di Indonesia.

Kompas. Retrieved 3 March 2021 from

https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2020/11/24/203500465/10-provinsi-dengan- kasus-covid-19-aktif-terbanyak-di-indonesia?page=all

Roehl, W. S., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (1992). Risk Perceptions and Pleasure Travel: An Exploratory Analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 30(4), 17-26.

https://doi.org/10.1177%2F004728759203000403

Rohrmann, B. (1998). The Risk Notion: Epistemological and Empirical Considerations (In M. G. Steward & R. E. Melchers Eds.). Rotterdam: Balkama.

Rohrmann, B. (2008). Risk Perception, Risk Attitude, Risk Communication, Risk Management: A Conceptual Appraisal. In The International Emergency Management Society TIEMS-2008 in Prague/Czechia. Prague/Czechia.

Roma, Dr. (2019). IELTS Tips and Techniques, Chennai: Notion Press.

Rosidin, I. (2021) Jumlah Wisatawan ke Bali Pada Libur Paskah 2021 Capai Setengah dari Sebelum Pandemi. Kompas. Retrieved 26 April 2021 from https://travel.kompas.com/read/2021/04/05/170500227/jumlah-wisatawan-ke-bali- pada-libur-paskah-2021-capai-setengah-dari-sebelum

(16)

Rosopa, P., Schroeder, A., & Schaffer, M. (2013). Managing Heteroscedasticity in General Linear Models. Psychological Methods, 8, 335-351.

Sapriel, C. (2003). Effective Crisis Management: Tools and Best Practice for the New Millennium. Journal of Communication Management, 7(4), 1-7.

Satuan Tugas Penanganan COVID-19. (2021). Pengendalian COVID-19 Dengan 3M, 3T, Vaksinasi, Disiplin, Kompak, dan Konsisten Buku I. Indonesia: Satuan Tugas Penanganan COVID-19.

Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2016). Research Methods for Business Students (7th ed.). Essex: Pearson Education.

Satyarini, N. W. M., Rahmanita, M., & Setarnawat, S. (2017). The Influence of Destination Image on Tourist Intenntion and Decision to Visit Tourist Destination (A Case Study of Pemuteran Village in Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia). Tourism Research Journal, 1(1), 81-97.

Saxena, R. (2006). Marketing Management (3rd ed.). Delhi, India: Mc-Graw-Hill.

Schneider, A., Whitehead, D., Wood, G. L., & Haber, J. (2013) Nursing and Midwifery Research: Methods and appraisal for evidence-based practice (4th ed.). Australia:

Elsevier.

Scott, N., Laws, N., & Prideaux, B. (2010). Safety and Security in Tourism. London:

Routledge.

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business: A Skill- Building Approach (7th ed.). United Kingdom: John & Wiley Sons Inc.

Sekretariat Kabinet Republik Indonesia. (2020). Indonesia Tutup Pintu Masuk Bagi WNA Pada 1-14 Januari 2021. Sekertariat Kabinet Republik Indonesia, Retrieved 5 March 2021 from https://setkab.go.id/indonesia-tutup-pintu-masuk-bagi-wna-pada-1- 14-januari-2021/

Shalihah, N. F. (2021). Daftar Terbaru Zona Merah Covid-19 di Indonesia, Bali

Terbanyak. Kompas. Retrieved 10 April 2021 from

https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2021/03/27/082000465/daftar-terbaru-zona- merah-covid-19-di-indonesia-bali-terbanyak?page=all

Simamora, B. (2002). Panduan Riset Perilaku Konsumen. Jakarta: Gramedia.

Simpson, P. M., & Siguaw, J. A. (2008). Perceived Travel Risks: The Traveler Perspective and Manageability. International Journal of Tourism Research, 10, 315-327.

Singh, R. (2020). Go to UGC Net Paper 1 Guide. New Delhi: Disha publication.

Smith, M., & Puczko, L. (2009). Health and Wellness Tourism. Elsevier, USA.

Smith, R. D. (2013). Strategic Planning for Public Relation (4th ed.). New York:

(17)

Routledge.

Sohn, H. K., Lee, T. J., & Yoon, Y. S. (2016). Relationship between Perceiver Risk, Evaluation, Satisfaction, and Behavioral Intention: A Case of Local-festival Visitors.

Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(1), 28-45.

Sousa, C., de Freitas, I. V., & Marques, J. (2019). Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Tourism Research University Portucalense. Porto, Portugal: ACPI.

Sukmawati, N. R., Ernawati, N. M., & Nadra, N. M. (2018). ‘Luxury Tourism: A Perspective of Facilities and Amenities. International Journal of Applied Research, 2(1), 32-37.

Suprihatin, W. (2020). Analysis of Tourist Consumer Behavior in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era (Case Study of Tourism in West Nusa Tenggara). Journal Bestari, 1(1), 56-66.

Susanto, V. Y. (2021). Anies Baswedan Perpanjang PSBB DKI Jakarta Hingga 22 Februari. Regional Kontan. Retrieved 25th April 2021 from https://regional.kontan.co.id/news/anies-baswedan-perpanjang-psbb-dki-jakarta- hingga-22-februari?page=all

Swarbrooke, J. (2001). Key Challenges for Visitor Attraction Managers in the UK.

Journal of Leisure Property, 1(4), 318-336.

Swarbrooke, J., & Horner, S. (2001). Business travel and tourism. Oxford: Routledge.

Swarbrooke, J., & Horner, S. (2004). Consumer behaviour in Tourism, Burlington, MA:

Butterworth-Heinemann.

Taherdoost, H. (2016). Sampling Methods in Research Methodology; How to Choose a Sampling Tech- nique for Research. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM), 5(2), 18-27.

Tapps, T., & Wells, M. S. (2019). Introduction to Recreational and Leisure. USA:

Human Kinetics.

Tejada, J. J., & Punzalan, J. R. B. (2012). On the misuse of Slovin’s formula. The Philippine Statistician, 61(1), 129-136.

Tsai, C. Y. (2010). Applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Explore the Independent Travellers’ Behaviour. African Journal of Business Management, 4(2), 221- 234.

Turnšek, M., Brumen, B., Rangus, M., Gorenak, M., Mekinc, J., & Lešnik Štuhec, T.

(2020). Perceived Threat of COVID-19 and Future Travel Avoidance: Results froman Early Convenient Sample in Slovenia. Academica Turistica, 13(1), 3-19.

https://doi.org/10.26493/2335-4194.13.3-19

Turpin, M., & Iwama, M. K. (2011). Using Occupational Therapy Models in Practice a

(18)

Field Guide. China: Elsevier.

Ulak, N. (2020) A Preliminary Study of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Pandemic Leading Crisis in Tourism Industry of Nepal. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Education, 10, 108–131. 


United Nations (UN). (2020). COVID-19 to Slash Global Economic Output by $8.5 Trillion Over Next Two Years. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Retrieved 25th March 2021 from https://www.un.org/en/desa/covid-19-slash- global-economic-output-85-trillion-over-next-two-years

UNWTO. (2006). Form of Tourism. Madrid: United Nations World Tourism Organizations.

UNWTO. (2010). International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics 2008. New York: UNWTO.

UNWTO. (2012). UNWTO Tourism Highlights. 2012 Edition. Madrid: United Nations World Tourism Organization.

Urdan, T. C. (2010). Statistics in Plain English (3rd ed.). New York: Routledge.

Urry, J. (1990). The Tourist Gaze: Leisure and Travel in Contemporary Societies.

London: Sage Publications.

Veal, A. J. (2018). Research Methods for Leisure and Tourism (5th ed.). Pearson.

Vincent, W. J., & Weir, J. P. (2012). Statistics in Kinesiology (4th ed.). United States:

Human Kinetics.

Vollman, A.R., Anderson, E. T., & McFarlane, J. (2008). Canadian Community as Partner Theory & Multidisciplinary Practice (2nd ed.). United States: Wolters Kluwer Health.

Vo Thanh, T. (2006). Time for Risks: A Marketing Approach for a Tourist Destination in the Face of the New Global Tourism Context. The Journal of Management Sciences, 222(6), 35-45.


Wachyuni, S. S., & Kusumaningrum, A (2020). The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic:

How are the Future Tourist Behavior?. Journal of Education, Society, and Behavioural Sciences, 33(4), 67-76.

Waltz, C., Strickland, O., & Lenz, E. (2016). Measurement in Nursing and Health Research (5th ed.). New York: Springer Publishing Company.

Wen, Z., Huimin, G., & Kavanaugh, R. R. (2005). The Impacts of SARS on the Consumer Behaviour of Chinese Domestic Tourists. Current Issues in Tourism, 8(1), 22–38.


Whiston, S. C. (2012). Principles and Applications of Assessment in Counselling. USA:

(19)

Cengage Learning.

Wonderful Indonesia (2019) Bali Crowned World’s Best Destination 2017 by TripAdvisor. Wonderful Indonesia. Retrieved 3 March 2021 from https://www.indonesia.travel/gb/en/news/bali-crowned-world-s-best-destination-2017- by-trip-advisor

Wong, J., & Yeh, C. (2009). Tourist Hesitation in Destination Decision Making. Ann Tourism Research, 6(1), 6-23.

Woodsie, A. G., & MacDonald, R. (1994). General System Framework of Customer Choice Processes of Tourism Services. Thaur: Kulturver-lag.

World Economic Forum (2019) Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index Report 2019.

World Economic Forum. Retrieved 2 March 2021 from https://reports.weforum.org/travel-and-tourism-competitiveness-report-2019/rankings/

World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic. World Health Organization. Retrieved 2 March 2021 from https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019

Worldometer. (2021). COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic. Worldometer. Retrieved 7

March 2021 from

https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/?utm_campaign=homeAdUOA?Si

World Travel and Tourism Councils (WTTC). (2020). Indonesia 2020 Annual Research:

Key Highlights. WTTC.

Wright, K., Sparks, L., & O'Hair, H. (2013). Health Communication in the 21st century.

Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.

Yacob, S., Johannes,. & Qomariyah, N. (2019). Visiting Intention, A Perspective of Destination Attractiveness and Image in Indonesia Rural Tourism. Sriwijaya International Journal of Dynamic Economics and Business, 3(2), 122-133.

Yamamoto, T. (2013). Pandemic Control Measures. JMAJ, 56(1), 51-54.

Yan, T., Kreuter, F., & Tourangeau. (2012). Evaluating Survey Questions: A Comparison of Methods. Journal of Official Statistics, 28(4), 503-529.

Yang, E. C. L., Sharif, S. P., & Khoo-Lattimore, C. (2015). Tourists’ Risk Perception of Risky Destinations: The Case of Sabah’s Eastern Coast. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 0(0), 1-16.

Yeoman, I., Page, S., Connell, J., Walker, L., Munro, C., & Aschoft, B. (2006) An influenza pandemic: what it could mean for Scottish tourism. Quarterly Economic Commentary, 30(4), 47-54.

(20)

Young T.J. (2016). Research Methods in Intercultural Communication: A Practical Guide. Oxford: Wiley.

Yousaf, A., Amin, I., & Santos, J. A. (2018). Tourist’s motivations to travel: A theoretical perspective on the existing literature. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 24(1), 1–15.

Zeithaml, V. A. (1988). Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value: A Means- end Model and Synthesis of Evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 2–22.

Referensi

Dokumen terkait

These datasets cover six different COVID-19 related indices, namely COVID index, medical index, vaccine index, travel index, uncertainty index, and aggregate COVID-19 sentiment

Measures introduced to contain the pandemic are having wide-ranging economic effects; disrupting tourism and travel, supply chains and labour supply, and feeding into lower economic

Artikel_How Socio-Economic Impact Tourism Development in Pandemic COVID-19 Study of Bintan Regency, Indonesia ORIGINALITY REPORT PRIMARY SOURCES republika.co.id Internet Source

Impacts and measures covid-19 pandemic and tourism industry in Sabah ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant adverse influence on the country’s economic and social

The challenges and risk of laboratory handling on a histology specimen during COVID-19 pandemic Abstract The Coronavirus Disease 2019 COVID-19 pandemic has taken the world into

The impact of covid-19 pandemic on micro & small scale tourism entrepreneurs: A literature review ABSTRACT The tourism sector is the single largest contributor to the total Gross

The motivation of this research is to help the tourism industry, especially Umrah and Hajj travel, to bounce back after the Covid-19 pandemic plus the issue of the global recession in

Lecturer and Students’ Perception Toward Synchronous and Asynchronous in Learning Speaking During Covid-19 Pandemic An emergency situation due to the Covid-19 pandemic that makes