Supplemental table 1. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical characteristics of individuals with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis from Catanzaro stratified by PNPLA3 I148M genotype.
Catanzaro cohort
PNPLA3 I148M
II IM MM P
value
N 87 65 6
Demographic and Anthropometric
Male gender n (%) 53 (62) 40 (62) 4 (67) -
BMI (Kg/m2) 25±4 26±5 24±2 -
Age (years) 46±13 44±14 42±16 -
Diabetes n (%) 7 (8) 6 (9) 0 -
ALT (U/L) 19±10 27±23 39±44 0.035§
ALT > 40 U/L n (%) 3 (3) 8 (12) 2 (33) 0.004
Total bilirubin mg/dL 0.6±0.4 0.6±0.4 0.5±0.2 -
Direct bilirubin mg/dL 0.2±0.1 0.2±0.1 0.2±0.1 -
CAP value (dB/m) 236±49 254±50 236±19 0.029§
Liver Stiffness value (kPa) 5.33±1.90 5.49±1.95 4.73±0.81 - Steatosis Presence
Sonography* n (%) 41 (63) 30 (75) 2 (50) -
Transient Elastography** n (%) 41 (65) 31 (78) 3 (100) 0.036§ Disease characteristics
Crohn’s Disease/Ulcerative Colitis n (%) 31/56 (36/64) 19/46 (29/71) 3/3 (50/50) -
Disease duration (years) 8±7 8±6 13±6 -
Remission n (%) 37 (43) 30 (46) 2 (33) -
Disease location n (% of CD patients)
Ileal 16 (52) 7 (37) 0 -
Ileocolonic 11 (36) 10 (53) 1 (33) -
Colonic 1 (3) 1 (5) 1 (33) -
Upper disease 3 (10) 1 (5) 1 (33) -
Ileocecal resection n (% of CD patients) 9 (29) 4 (21) 1 (33) - Disease location n (% of UC patients)
Proctitis 5 (9) 5 (11) 0 -
Proctosigmoiditis 7 (13) 5 (11) 1 (33) -
Left-side 8 (14) 7 (15) 0 -
Pancolitis 35 (63) 29 (63) 2 (67) -
Medication use
Steroids n (%) 6 (7) 1 (2) 1 (17) -
Thiopurine n (%) 16 (19) 9 (14) 1 (17) -
Mesalamine n (%) 75 (87) 63 (97) 6 (100) 0.027
Anti TNFα n (%) 12 (14) 14 (22) 0 -
*Liver Sonography was performed in 109 individuals; of these 65(60%) were II, 40 (37%) were IM and 4 (3%) MM.
**Liver Transient Elastography was successful performed in 106 individuals; of these 63 (59%) were II, 40 (38%) were IM and 3 (3%) were MM. Only results with 10 valid shots and
interquartile range/median liver stiffness ratio ≤30% were included according to manufacturer (24).
§P values remained significant also after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, mesalamine use and disease duration (p=0.034, p=0.035 and p=0.033 for ALT levels, steatosis presence measured by transient elastography and CAP values respectively).
Continuous variables are shown as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical variables are
presented as number and proportion (%). Categorical variables distribution across genotypes was compared by χ2 test. The p values for continuous variables were calculated using linear
regression analysis under an additive model after adjusting for age, gender, BMI and mesalamine use when appropriate. The p values for steatosis presences were calculated by binary logistic regression analysis under an additive model after adjusting for age, gender, BMI and mesalamine use. P values <0.1 are shown.
Non-normally distributed variables were log-transformed before entering the model.
Abbreviations: N, number; BMI, body mass index; ALT, alanine transaminase; CD, Crohn’s Disease; UC, Ulcerative Colitis; CAP, controlled attenuation parameter; PNPLA3, patatin-like
phospholipase domain-containing protein 3; II, homozygous for the PNPLA3 148I allele; IM, heterozygous; MM, homozygous for the PNPLA3 148M allele.