Specifically, you must state that the work was originally published in Strategies for Sustaining Digital Libraries (2008), Katherine Skinner and Martin Halbert, Eds. Digital Libraries and the Fate of Faculty Scholarship and Publications (Bradley Daigle, University of Virginia). The Woodruff Library sponsored the Sustaining Digital Libraries symposium held at Emory University in the summer of 2006.
First of all, we would like to thank all the planners, performers, presenters and attendees who helped make the Sustaining Digital Libraries Symposium a success. Executive Summary: Provides an overview of the themes and contributions of Sustainable Digital Libraries Strategies and provides summary conclusions on the core topics discussed. It is these questions that have led us to develop digital library preservation strategies.
The collective sense of the field is that we must begin the transition from an intermittent, project-based mode of fostering innovative information services to an ongoing programmatic mode of sustaining digital libraries for the long term. This collection of essays began with discussions at a symposium entitled Sustaining Digital Libraries, held at Emory University on October 6, 2006.
The invention of the digital medium created such a paradigm shift and we are now faced with the challenge of maintaining the information products created with this transformative technology. After another two millennia, we saw the advent of paper, which must surely rank as one of the most significant inventions in our civilization. Until the invention (or rather harnessing) of electricity, paper was unrivaled in the role of sharing knowledge in our world.
In fact, the digital medium has been like a black hole where most of the information produced has been lost due to limited storage strategies and rapid obsolescence of storage devices. Paper was the latest with its invention in China some 2,000 years ago, surprisingly close to the beginning of the Common Era that has since marked time throughout our civilization. If the past is any indication of the future, the digital medium will be with us for millennia to come.
Looking back through time, we recognize that information in our civilization has been largely managed through libraries and archives. Libraries largely manage information based on the content of the information resources, as with the subject categories of the Dewey Decimal System.
Similarly, each new communication medium has greatly increased our ability to produce information, as shown by the relative amounts of information that have emerged. In addition to content and context, there is a third element of information to establish meaning, and that is its structure (Figure 1.2). ³%RUURPHDQ 5LQJV RI 0HDQLQJ´ LOOXVWUDWH WKH WKUHH inseparable elements of information (content, context and structure) that provide a basis for understanding and synthesizing knowledge.
The paradigm shift created by digital technologies offers the opportunity to dynamically use the structure of information, as well as its content and context, for knowledge management and discovery. However, it is not possible to automatically break down a printed book into smaller grains of information (chapters, pages, paragraphs, etc.) that can be managed or discovered independently. The digital medium has made it possible to use content and context as well as structural patterns (such as the white space formed by an indent or carriage return) to manage sets, subsets and supersets of information resources.
Content, context and structure of information create meaning that can be interpreted across a spectrum of understanding (Liebowitz 1999). Knowledge, which can be defined simply in terms of information relations, is the epitome of learning (Bloom 1956) and the aspiration of all educated people.
These adjustments in NSDL reflect the distributed-centralized continuum of architectures that can be implemented for digital information organizations in general. All vignette projects involve not-for-profit companies, suggesting that a corporate framework is necessary for large or small digital information organizations to manage their fiscal and financial affairs. Furthermore, all vignette projects involve government support to produce results that can be communicated openly, effectively making them.
As such, these projects produce non-rivalrous resources that can be consumed by anyone without reducing their availability to others. A significant hurdle for NSDL, as with many digital IT organizations, is to leverage current support for future revenue streams that will fuel its long-term stability. Government agencies, universities, and other institutions with public mandates, flexible infrastructure, and access to long-term support can provide social anchors to maintain networks of digital information resources.
Part of the solution can also be philanthropic contributions, as with the Carnegie Libraries (Bobinski 1969, Slyck 1995). In addition, sustainability is likely to include strategies for selling valued information goods and services (Stein 2007), such as providing access to scientific journals through online databases (http://www.jstor.org/).
How is value established with digital information organizations that user, sponsor, and developer communities
I thank the various members of the Sustainability Standing Committee (SSC) for sharing their knowledge, passion and creativity to support the National Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Education Digital Library (NSDL). With the advent of the World Wide Web and the release of the first free browser, Mosaic, in 1993, the popular revolution in digital information began. Cooperative units or institutions undertake a set of planned and coordinated activities to achieve a specific goal (eg, preservation of digital library content, as is the case with the MetaArchive Cooperative program).4 Below is a hypothetical model in which the sustainability of the organization is achieved by building layers of interconnections between organizations.
In other words, the sum of the whole (ie, the program) is greater than its parts (ie, the institutions). Jug.14,15 Some of the institutions involved in the MetaScholar Initiative formed the MetaArchive Cooperative to address issues related to the preservation of digital archives. In 2006, the founders of the MetaArchive Cooperative began to look beyond the LC/NDIIPP partnership and the Cooperative.
The outline contains the content and structure of the metadata schema developed by the Cooperative. In the first years of the MetaArchive cooperative, we started solving its economic needs. Applying the sustainability model described in the work of the MetaArchive Cooperative should result in a dynamic organization that is well equipped to address the networking issues of digital archiving.
Linking these activities to the academic mission of the institution and the development of a robust cyber infrastructure is crucial to the continued relevance of libraries in higher education. The many factors that go into how libraries and universities support faculty needs make a single model unlikely. This is the part of the cyber infrastructure that the faculty consults to meet both their immediate and long-term digital scholarship needs.
34;Librarians should involve educators in transforming scholarly communication at the beginning of the process" (Maloy 2006). This helps librarians as stewards of the fair as well as creators themselves as owners of their own intellectual property (Marcum 2002). This services need to be aware of the different needs scientists have depending on where they are in their scientific career.
Our cultural commonwealth: The report of the American Council of Learned Societies Commission on Cyberinfrastructure for the Humanities and Social Sciences, ed. Much of the ground-breaking digital library work of the past decade has been heavily funded by grants and other research funds.
C CULTURE AND SCHOLARLY COMM UNI CATI ONS
Mellon Foundation at IATH and the University of Virginia Library, conducted a broad investigation into the issues involved in developing and maintaining such projects. 7KH8QLYHUVLW\RI0LFKLJDQ/LEUDU\¶V digital collections ± exclusive of the titles scanned in partnership with Google ± count the tens of thousands of items. The Romance Studies series from the Office of Digital Scholarly Publishing (ODSP) resulted from several years of small experiments between the Penn State University Libraries and Penn State Press, all aimed at building trust and discovering what each organization at the others can learn (Eaton) 2004).
At the time, curating collections seemed like a different endeavor than curating digital objects. The ultimate goal of our digital curation efforts is to enable the long-term use of objects in our collections. Digitizing an image to the highest possible resolution potentially supports a closer inspection than is possible when handling the original.
Preservation of the digital is one of the ultimate goals, but beneath that goal lies a default question. Digital Curation and Preservation: Defining the Research Agenda for the Next Decade, Report of the Warwick Workshop 7/8 November 2005. For the past seven years we have run the Digital Library for Earth System Education (DLESE ± www.dlese.org), with generous funding from the Geoscience Directorate of the National Science Foundation (NSF). Like all good things, IURPWKH16)HQGDWVRPHSRLQWLQ'/(6(¶VFDVHLQ)DOO.
One outcome of the Portals workshop was the DLESE Community Plan (Manduca & Mogk, 2000), which established a framework for governance and a committee structure for the library. A key challenge in sustainability planning is separating components of the library and determining what needs to be maintained. One of the most enduring artifacts of the DLESE experience is a community with an enhanced level of digital library expertise, sharing resources for the common good.
How to identify the "best" resources for the revised Earth System Education Digital Library collection. In addition, he serves as Chair of the Standing Sustainability Committee for the National Science Digital Library program. Bradley Daigle is Director of Scholarly Resources, part of the Digital Scholarship Services group at the University of Virginia Library.
Furlough is the assistant dean of scholarly communication and co-director of the Office of Digital Scholarly Publishing at Penn State University Libraries. She is responsible for leadership, strategy development and executing the DLS research program.
