54
Damage Identification Analysis and Maintenance of Breakwater at The Port of Tanjung Tembaga
Probolinggo
Cahya Arief Prakoso, Ronny Durrotun Nasihien
,Hendro Sutowijoyo Civil Engineering Study Program, Narotama University Surabaya
Jalan Arif Rahman Hakim 51, Sukolilo, Surabaya
cahya.ariefprakoso10@gmail.com, ronny.durrotun@narotama.ac.id, hendro.sutowijoyo@narotama.ac.id
Abstract
The Port of Tanjung Tembaga is the part of East Java Region’s PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia III and one of the busiest conventional ports. For supporting service and following the harbourmaster’s investigation, facility repairs will be carried out especially on breakwater. Breakwater is used to protect quayside pool from wave disturbance. By damage identifying of breakwater, The Operational teams will know the proper maintenance methods and the cost estimated (Hamdani, Dedi; Kristiawan, SA; Ikhsan, 2011).
Based on the analysis of the tides, The elevation of Highest High Water Level (HHWL) is 3.722 m, the elevation of Mean High Water Level (MHWL) is 3.265 m, and the elevation of Mean Water Level (MWL) is 1.588 m. At the analysis of influential wind comes from North, East, and Northeast where from the northeast direction gives the maximum speed of 6.5 m/s. Based on the wave analysis for the next 50 years, it gets value of 1.933 m and the height of wave does not exceed the breakwater of 3.925 m, so there’s no need to evaluate the breakwater dimension. Because of the value of the building’s effectiveness on west breakwater is 79.5% (minor destruction) and on east breakwater is 94% (good), the temporary maintenance method is to repair only at the damage segment. The cost estimated of maintenance activity at The port of Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo will spend Rp 3.494.866.406,- (Three Billion Four Hundred And Ninety Four Million Eight Hundred And Sixty Six Thousand Four Hundred And Six Indonesian Rupiah) not including the 10% of tax.
Keywords :
Breakwater Maintenances of Method’s, Destruction Classification, Destruction Identification.
1. Introduction
The Port of Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo is one of the working areas of the East Java Regional PT Pelabuhan Indonesia III (Persero) and one of the Conventional People's Ports and still crowded with visitors. In order to support the service and production capacity at The Port of Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo, facility maintenance is carried out, especially at breakwater. The breakwater found at The Port of Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo has been damaged, which has then been made as a finding by the local Port Authority.
The benefits of damage identifying on breakwater are as follows:
1. Determine the structural damage that occurs at the Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo Breakwater, 2. Knowing the right method for repairing The Port of Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo,
3. Knowing the cost estimated that will arise when doing maintenance.
1.1 Literature Review
Breakwaters are used to protect harbor waters from wave disturbance. The breakwater layout arrangement must not face in the direction of the dominant wave and current. In the following figure is the layout of the breakwater and cross section of the tilted breakwater (Besperi, Agustin Gunawan, 2014).
Figure 1. Breakwate
55 Eldina Fatimah2,
Azmeri3 Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Syiah
Kuala University
Infrastructure Development Factors.
terminal and lack of jetty capacity are among the factors causing
technical aspects to develop.
2 Dedy Hamdani1, SA Kristiawan2 and Cahyono Ikhsan2 1Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan
2Civil Engineering Department, Sebelas
Maret University
Post Flood Bridge Condition Assessment
The damage value classification on the bridge is 4 which means the
need to make a replacement.
3 1Mochammad
Qomaruddin; 2Zuli Rubiatin; 2Tri
Hanafiah Munawaroh;
2Windiya Lista Putri 1Lecturer and 2Civil
Engineering Students, Nahdatul
Ulama Islamic University Jepara
Damage Analysis of Bongpes Bridge in Gerdu
Village, Jepara Regency
Since the construction of the bridge in 1972, there is no maintenance incentive that should be done every
10 years. The community hopes that a widening of 6 to 7 meters will be carried out so that it can easily carry out its accessibility.
1.1.2 Damage Classification
Damage Identification of the breakwater is done by taking into account wind data and water excise elevation plans at the Port of Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo.
Table 2. Damage Classification No Building Effectiveness
Value Information Category
1. 85%-100% Port facilities are functioning properly Good
2. 70%-84%
Damage occurred but the facility is still functioning and does not interfere with
operational activities
Lightly damaged
3. 50%-69%
Damage occurred and remained functioning but disrupted operational
activities
Moderately damaged
4. 0%-49% The facility cannot be used again Heavily damaged
1.1.3 Wind
In the calculation of waves required wind data at an altitude of 10 m above sea level. A formula for converting wind data over land to wind data above sea level is needed because wave generation occurs above sea level while wind measurements are obtained on land.
Correction of wind recording locations :
56
Figure 2. The relationship between wind speed at sea and land
1.1.4 2.4. Fetch
The most influential fetch is the direction of the wind from north, northeast and east. Effective fetch length calculation results.
∑
∑ (2.1)
1.1.5 Height and Period of Deep Sea Wave (Hindcasting)
Hindcasting is a way of forecasting height and wave periods based on wind data. The method used in this hindcasting process follows the method described in the SPM (Shore Protection Manual, 1984). The following formulas used by the SPM Method:
0 1⁄ (2.2)
If the result is bigger (Fully Developed) maka ;
(2.3) (2.4) If the result is smaller (Non Fully Developed) then ;
0 1 ⁄ (2.5)
If the result is bigger (Duration Limited) then ;
0 1⁄ (2.6) (2.7) If the result is smaller (Fetch Limited) then the next steps are :
0 1⁄ (2.8) 0 1 ⁄ (2.9)
Forecasting height and period of waves in the deep sea (hindcasting) using the SPM method and calculating estimated wave heights with repeat periods using the Fisher Tippet I method.
( )
(2.10) * ( )+ (2.11) ̅ ∑ (2.12) ̅ ∑ (2.13)
57
̂ ̂ (2.18)
√ (2.19)
√ , ( ) - (2.20) 0 ∑ ( ̅ ) 1 (2.21)
(2.22)
(2.23)
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2. Research Method
The following methodology flowchart in this study :
Analysis of the data used in this study is a direct survey to the location so that the writer can classifies the damage that occurred at the pier and breakwater at Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo Port based on the damage classification table sourced from the Directors of PT Pelabuhan Indonesia III (Persero) Regulations concerning Guidelines for Facilities Maintenance Ports in the Environment PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia III (Persero), know the cause of the damage, and can provide a reference to the most appropriate maintenance method to be carried out.
Start
Case Identification Input Data
Primary Data Survey Form Volume and Damage Condition
Secondary Data Studi Literatur Peta Lokasi Maintenance List
Data Processing
Building Effectiveness Value < 85%
Data Analysis:
Tides and Winds Analysis Repair Method
The Cost Estimated
Conclusion and Recommendation Finish
Fulfill Not Fulfill
59 No Location Point Name Damage Precentage
(%)
Building Effectiveness
Value (%)
Info.
1
West Breakwater Side A 12,6
79,5
Lightly damaged West Breakwater Side B 8,0
2 East Breakwater Side A 1,6
94,0 Good
East Breakwater Side B 4,3
3.2. Tides and Winds Data
The following are the calculation results of sea water excise from tidal data processed by the admiralty method atThe Port of Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo :
Table 4. Calculation of Sea Level Elevation
Elevation Result (m)
Highest Water Level Elevation 3.722
Average High Water Levels 3.265
Average Water Face 1.588
3.3. Wind Data
The selection of wind data from The Banyuwangi BMKG is based on the proximity of the distance and almost all the winds blown in the city of Probolinggo come from the northeast with an annual maximum wind speed of 6.50 m / s.
3.4. Bathymetry Data
From the bathymetry map, it can be seen that the bottom elevation of the breakwater at Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo Port is 3.925 m.
3.5. Fetch
The greatest direction of the wind is from the northeast. Effective fetch length calculation results. The following are the results of the fetch calculation for the port breaker of the Indonesian Port III (Persero) Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo Terminal :
Figure 3. Effective Fetch from Northeast Direction
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Table 5. Effective Fetch Value
Direction Effective fetch length (km)
North 57.09
Northeast 80.77
East 99.16
Table 6. The wave height with a return period of 50 years
Direction Wave Height (m)
North 1,357
Northeast 1,933
East 1,893
For looking.
Figure 4. The Correlation of Height and Wave Period
From the chart above we get a table of wave periods for the next 50 years with the following results : Table 6. Wave Period
Direction Wave Period (detik)
North 5,55
Northeast 6,23
East 6,19
3.6. Damage Data
Damage data obtained from the results of studies in the field with direct measurements then poured in the calculation of the percentage of damage to determine the value of the effectiveness of the building. Based on the value of the building's effectiveness, the west side breakwater suffered minor damage while the east side breakwater was still in good condition.
Table 7. Analysis Data No Location Point Name Damage Precentage
(%)
Building Effectiveness
Value (%)
Info.
1
West Breakwater Side A 12,6
79,5
Lightly damaged West Breakwater Side B 8,0
2 East Breakwater Side A 1,6
94,0 Good
East Breakwater Side B 4,3
3.7. Replair Method and the estimated
From the results of tidal data processing, bathymetry, and damage that occurs in the breakwater, the condition of the existing size of the breakwater is still fulfilling and there is no overload during maximum tide.
y = -0,6614x2 + 3,348x + 2,2253
1 2 3 4 5 6
0 0,5 1 1,5 2
Period (s)
Wave Height(m)
The Correlation of Height and Wave Period
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4. Finishing Work Rp 164.138.038,09
Total Rp 3.494.866.406,72
(not including the 10% of tax)
4. Conclusions and Recommendation 4.1. Conclusions
Based on the results of the analysis and discussion it can be concluded that :
1. Tidal data has the highest water level elevation of 3,722 m, average water level elevation of 3,265 m, and average water level elevation of 1,588 m. For wind data that have an effect on the Port of Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo, it is originating from the North, Northeast, and East directions, where from the Northeast direction the maximum wind speed is 6.5m / s. Waves that occur in the next 50 years are as high as 1,933 m and the wave data do not exceed the breakwater height of 3,925 m from the LWS, so there is no need to evaluate the breakwater dimensions;
2. Based on the processing of damage data in section 4 shows that the value of the effectiveness of buildings in the west breakwater 79.5% (lightly damaged), east breakwater 94% (good) and point 1. above it can be concluded that the method of repairs carried out for the time being is doing repairs to segments that occur only damage;
3. The cost estimated incurred to repair The Port of Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo breakwater facility is equal to Rp 3.494.866.406,- (Three Billion Four Hundred Ninety Forty Million Eight Hundred Sixty Six Thousand Four Hundred Six Rupiah) not including the 10% of tax.
4.2. Recommendation
This Final Project only deals with the identification of damage, the repair method that will be used, and the estimated costs that will arise. So, to further develop and to develop the Port of Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo is expected to be able to conduct a feasibility study of the Development of Probolinggo Port by Building a Liquid Bulk Dock.
The results of the discussion in this final project can be used as a basis for the study of the submission of breakwater repairs by the Port of Tanjung Tembaga Probolinggo operational team.
References
Abdulkarim, M. N., Sariffuddin, & Ardiansyah, S. Y. (2015). Penilaian dan Pemetaan Kerusakan Lahan untuk Produksi Biomassa di Kecamatan Mijen, Kota Semarang. Jurnal Pembangunan Inklusif: Menuju Ruang Dan Lahan Perkotaan Yang Berkeadilan, 15–29.
Besperi, Agustin Gunawan, dan M. (2014). Analisis Gelombang Terhadap Struktur Bangunan Breakwater Tegak Pantai Tapak Paderi Bengkulu. Jurnal Inersia Oktober, 6(2).
Hamdani, Dedi; Kristiawan, SA; Ikhsan, C. (2011). Damage Analysis. Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Teknik, 15(3).
