Name : Adelia Puspita SRN : 2223042006 Data Analysis
1. Research question
“What sentences (simple, compound, or complex) do students use?”
2. Theory of the sentences (simple, compound, and complex) - Simple sentence
A simple sentence is very easy to recognize when it is short and has no extensions at the beginning, middle and at the end of the words. It can be as short as one word, or it may appear in some combinations with verb, direct object and indirect object. To this level, the structures of simple sentences are understandable by the students without structural confusions (Demirezen, 2013). The possible structural formula of a simple sentence can be epitomized as a) S + V
b) S + V + (Object 1) c) S + V + ((Object 1) + (Object 2))
- Compound sentence
Compound sentence is a sentence which consists of two or more independent clauses. These clauses are connected by coordinate conjunction, for instance and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so, etc. As an example of compound sentence “she is smart but arrogant”, this sentence consists of two clauses which are connected by coordinate conjunction that is but (Sari, Syarif, and Amri, 2019).
- Complex sentence
Complex sentence is a sentence which consists of one main clause and one or more subordinate clauses namely adjective clause, noun clause, and adverbial clause. The independent clause is connected to the main clause by a subordinating conjunction. Further, subordination involves two ideas, one of which is more important than the other. The more important idea is placed in the independent or main clause. These sentences can be joined by using adverb clause, those are when, while, because, although, if, so and that, adjective clause,
those are who, whom, which, whose, and that and noun clause, those are that, whether or if (Sari, Syarif, and Amri, 2019).
3. Data source
This data was obtained from several students’ writing concerning their self-introduction.
Further, the writer only focused on the types of the sentences used by them, and compared their work to other students’ work. Below are the data of students’ writing:
a) Nabila Wahyu Nadhiroh 1513042016 (Adelia Puspita’s work) b) Rika Monika 1513042064 (Kiromil Baroroh’s work)
c) Yudha Bagus Kuncoro 1413042067 (Ranti Pratiwi’s work) d) Shofura Caturhani 1513042026 (Annisa Azzahra’s work)
4. Result and Discussion
Below are the data gathered from some students’ sentence (simple, compound, and complex) writing. It comes from Nabila Wahyu Nadhiroh 1513042016 (Adelia’s work), Rika Monika 1513042064 (Kiromil’s work), Yudha Bagus Kuncoro 1413042067 (Ranti’s work), and Shofura Caturhani 1513042026 (Annisa’s work).
Table 1. Amount of Sentence Made Sentence Type Adelia’s Result
(Nabila)
Kiromil’s Result (Rika)
Ranti’s Result (Yudha)
Annisa’s Result (Shofura)
Simple 29 28 14 15
Compound 4 7 11 11
Complex 5 2 5 9
Total 38 37 30 35
From the table above, it shows various sentences type made by the students. The first one comes from Adelia’s result which analyzes Nabila’s writing. She finds out that for simple sentences there are 29, compound sentences are 4, and complex sentences are 5, therefore the total sentences made by Nabila are 38. The second is Rika’s work which is analyzed by Kiromil. The data provides that the total sentences made by Rika are 37 sentences which are divided into 28 simple sentences, 7 compound sentences, and 2 complex sentences. Next is Ranti’s work that gathers the data from Yudha’s work. It shows that the total sentences are 30 which are
categorized as 14 simple sentences, 11 compound sentences, and 5 complex sentences. The last data is from Annisa’s work that analyzed Shofura’s writing. She finds 15 simple sentences, 11 compound sentences, 9 complex sentences from Shofura’s writing, therefore the total sentences are 35.
Based on the data found, Nabila has the most sentences in their writing which consist of 38 sentences, followed by Rika, Shofura, and the last is Yudha. It also goes for the simple sentences made by them. Nabila takes the first place with a total of 29 simple sentences, followed by Rika, Shofura, and Yudha. Further, the compound sentences made by the students, Yudha and Shofura get the same total sentences of 11 sentences, Rika and Nabila are 7 and 4 for each of them. The last one is for the complex sentences, Shofura has the highest number which is 9 total for complex sentences, Yudha and Nabila get the same total complex sentences of 5, and the last one is Nabila with the total number of complex sentences is 2.
Table 2. Students’ Sentence Writing Percentage Sentence Type Adelia’s Result
(Nabila)
Kiromil’s Result (Rika)
Ranti’s Result (Yudha)
Annisa’s Result (Shofura)
Simple 76 % 75,68 % 47 % 43 %
Compound 11 % 18,81 % 37 % 31 %
Complex 13 % 5,41 % 16 % 9 %
Total 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %
After knowing the amount of sentences made by students in their writing, then change it into the percentage. The first one comes from Adelia’s result for simple sentences are 76%, compound sentences are 11%, and complex sentences are 13%, therefore the total percentage is 100%. The second is Rika’s work which has the percentage 75,68% for simple sentences, 18,81% for compound sentences, and 5,41% for complex sentences. Next is Ranti’s work that gathers the data from Yudha’s that shows 47% for simple sentences, 37% for compound sentences, and 16% for complex sentences. The last data is from Annisa’s work that analyzed Shofura’s writing. She finds 43% for simple sentences, 31% for compound sentences, 9% for complex sentences from Shofura’s writing.
Based on the percentage found, Nabila takes the first place with a total of 76% of simple sentences, followed by Rika, Yudha, and Shofura. Further, of the compound sentences made by the students, Yudha gets the highest percentage of 37%, followed by Shofura, Rika, and Nabila. The last one is for the complex sentences, Yudha gets 16%, followed by Nabila, Shofura, and Rika.
5. Conclusion
It can be concluded that Nabila has the most sentences in their writing which consist of 38 sentences. It also goes for the simple sentences made by them. Nabila takes the first place with a total of 29 simple sentences. Further, the compound sentences made by the students, Yudha and Shofura get the same total sentences of 11 sentences. The last one is for the complex sentences, Shofura has the highest number which is 9 total for complex sentences. Based on the percentage found, Nabila takes the first place with a total of 76% of simple sentences. Further, of the compound sentences made by the students, Yudha gets the highest percentage of 37%.
The last one is for the complex sentences, Yudha gets the highest percentage of 16%.
References
Demirezen, M. (2013). The Recognition of Extended Simple Sentences as A Teaching Writing Problem. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 70, 560-566.
Sari, I. D., Syarif, H., and Amri, Z. (2019). An analysis of compound sentences in students’
writing. In Seventh International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018) (341-348).
Atlantis Press.
Kiromil Baroroh’s work Ranti Pratiwi’s work Annisa Azzahra’s work