5TH ICBD RESUME
Theme : “Innovations for Environmental Sustainability and Strengthening Global Health Care.”
Title : “The New Technology of Nanomaterials for Bone Engineering”
Speaker : Dr. Chun Xu
Date : Friday, 5th October 2023
Craniofacial or dental bone defects can occur due to injuries, infectioms, and congenital deformity. These condition presents a significant challenge in medical science. Stem cell therapy, a nanotechnology product, emerges as a promising tools in a complex process of bone regeneration. Researchers have been able to penetrated the stem cell in a bone damage and induced osteogenesis as well as mineralization. On the other side, porous nanoparticles which already known for its good biocompatibility, rigid frame, tunable structures, and abundant surfaces, possess high loading ability, controlled release and “shield effect” shows that it can be essential for effective tissue regeneration. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are a prime example, but they come with their own set of challenges, particularly when it comes to biomolecule delivery.
To overcome these challenges, researchers have developed dendritic MSNs with a new core-cone structure equipped with ultra-large pore and highest pore volume. They also show a general supramolecular self-assembly mechanism and can be used to deliver bioactive protein (>100kDa) or genes into cells. This innovation not only enhances the efficiency of delivering essential biomolecules for bone regeneration but also minimizes the need for excessive peptide usage, improving safety and reducing potential side effects.
While synthesizing the MSNs, the phase transition is very important to determines the structure. MSN150 comes within slower transition and produce particles with larger core size (110 nm), more “nucleation” sites, and more cone subunits. Then, the faster transition produces MSN- CC with characteristics such as, smaller particle size (60 nm), less “nucleation” sites on a smaller core, and less cone subunits but a larger base diameter.
An enhanced method for delivering biomolecules involves the utilization of peptides to transport active proteins. In the past, this approach posed safety concerns and demanded large quantities of peptides. However, the incorporation of core-shell nanofibers has revolutionized the field, particularly in periodontal regeneration. These nanofibers allow for the precise administration of growth factors crucial for bone healing and present potential remedies for managing tooth sensitivity. Moreover, they facilitate the effective delivery of therapeutic proteins to joints, highlighting the diverse applications of nanomaterials in healthcare and regenerative medicine.
In summary, stem cell-based therapies and nanotechnology have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of bone defects, particularly in craniofacial and dental contexts. The development of advanced nanomaterials like MSNs and core-shell nanofibers, along with innovative delivery methods, opens new doors for effective bone regeneration and the management of various dental and orthopedic conditions, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for patients.