Volume, 10 Nomor 2 July 2022 Hal. 157-161 p-ISSN:2541-4232 dan e-ISSN: 2354-7146
DEVELOPMENT OF ROTATING MACHINES ON FRACTIONAL MATERIALS FOR GRADE III ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Sinta Nurcahyana1, Kowiyah2
1,2 Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka, Indonesia Email: [email protected] , [email protected]
©2022 –Daya matematis: Jurnal inovasi pendidikan matematika. This article open acces licenci by CC BY-NC-4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a rotating jentera learning media for class III fractions at SDN Pondok Bahar 05. This research is included in research and development (R & D). This study uses a 4D model with four stages, namely: 1) define stage, 2) design stage, 3) develop stage, 4) disseminate stage. The address of this research is at SDN Pondok Bahar 05. The object of the experiment was carried out by 30 third grade students at the elementary school. This data collection uses a media expert validation questionnaire, a material expert validation questionnaire, and a student response questionnaire. The result of product development is a rotating jentera learning media for fractional materials. The results of the material expert validation got an average score of 80%
in the "valid" category. The results of media expert validation obtained an average score of 92.85% with the "very valid" category. The results of student responses based on field trials obtained an average score of 97.92% which included the "very valid" category. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the rotating jentera learning media on fractional material is very suitable to be used as a learning medium for fractional mathematics.
Keywords: Development, Rotating Jentera Media, Fractions
INTRODUCTION
Caused by the parameters of the education staff who are declared to be developing and successful Examined from two stages, namely academic and non-academic. Academic education is students who are able and want to do a lesson, while non-academic is the behavior and attitude of students who are orderly and have noble behavior. So behavior is an important element that must be considered in the field of education. And a very optimal awareness to know how much education is needed continues to increase. andEducation has meaning and prioritizes potential interests and talents. (Febriyani, Frida, 2022). There are various kinds of education in schools learning that is followed by students.
Mathematics material. Due to the very important role for students because where students are taught how to count, subtract, multiply and divide. By learning mathematics it will help students to solve problems in everyday life, and mathematics can help in logical and clear thinking (Khotimah and As'ad, 2020) .
Learning in schools has also adapted to technological changes. With that will come something change.
In learning mathematics in elementary schools, teachers are able to provide optimal mathematics teaching so that the way of learning becomes useful. Because learning mathematics at this school requires high concentration and understanding (Adawiyah and Kowiyah, 2021). An example of learning mathematics is in fractions material, although fractions have been found and applied in their lives . However, the truth is that in schools, many students find it difficult to solve everyday problems involving fractions. Problems at the elementary school level are still not able to answer about how to distinguish the denominator, addition and subtraction.
Difficulties in learning mathematics, especially fractional material by means of teacher learning become one of the main aspects of learning to be less effective. Because most likely the teacher applies the lecture method only. cause boredom to the teacher's teaching method in applying the material . By using
(Received:4-4-2022; Reviewed: 9-4-2022; Revised: 21-05-2022; Accepted: 26-06-2022; Published: 29-07-2022)
158 media, it is very useful for classroom learning so that students can understand how to do school problems or exercises easily.
The reason is that the ability in learning mathematics with fractions is very important. The complexity of the fractional material advances researchers to make changes in learning and work through the creation of learning media. Making changes and this creativity can create and realize the learning process with the media. Learning media can also be applied by teachers to provide learning materials in class.
The media is also the limit of his success in teaching . With this media, it makes students motivated to learn (Kowiyah, 2018)
With the above problem, the researcher will make changes to the fractional material with learning media, namely using a rotating machine. The rotating shutter is an effectiveness that can be used in learning activities . With this media, students do not just listen to the material by educators , but students can observe, understand, and demonstrate, so that the learning explained by the teacher is easy to understand.
Media Jentera is a tool shaped like a construction machine that can be rotated and has a circular shape.
And also has a characteristic edge. (Saiful, 2018). The media of the spinning wheel is easy to understand for fractional material development. The purpose of rotating media is to achieve learning outcomes that are not bored in the teaching and learning process. The use of this media spinning wheel Provides excellent stimulation for students in various kinds of learning, such as those involving the development of students' skills in teaching and learning using rotating shutters media is very helpful in learning in today's era, this rotating wheel media can be applied directly to students. students in class because the government has implemented 100% PTM so that students can return to learning in the school environment. So the results of learning mathematics at the elementary school level, there are some students who are still categorized as low, because teachers are minimal in the use of mathematics learning media in optimizing students' understanding and knowledge of equivalent fractions. And encourage researchers to make a study entitled "Development of Rotating Radiant Media for Fractions in Class III at SDN Pondok Bahar 5"
METHODS
The method to be used is to use the general development method name Research and Development (R&D). The method is the method of use reach the success of certain products or media , and test success this medium . (Nurafni, Pujiastuti and Mutaqin, 2020) . Research development or in English is Research and Development is the use of methods to realize certain media and test the success of the developed media products. This research was conducted in the even semester of the 2022/2023 academic year, to be exact, starting on July 21, 2022. This research was conducted at Pondok Bahar 05 Elementary School.
Pondok Bahar 05 Public Elementary School is located at Jl. Ciledug. Beautiful. II. RT. 05/01poncol Pedurenana. Central Coral, Tangerang. The stages of using R&D research using 4D model development are: define, dissemintate, design, develop
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Based on the results of this study, the development of the media engine revolves around learning fractions in grade III elementary school students with the Four-D (4D) model which has four stages: (1) Define stage (Definition), (2) Design perspective (Planning)., (3) Stages of development (Development), and (4) Stages of Dessiminate (Dissemination). The presentation of the trial data states the results of the product development validity test in the form of rotating media of fractional material. With the results of the validation test for the development of rotating media, three subjects will be explained, namely:
(1) the validity of material experts, (2) media experts, and (3) student questionnaires. The same as the product development model used in the development of rotating media media, namely using the 4D stages used. And the stages in conducting this research are: The definition stage includes final analysis, concept analysis, student analysis, and role analysis. The initial to final analysis is to find and determine the standard problems encountered in the fractional material in elementary school. At this stage, this research covers the curriculum and problems that are in school and really need an efficient solution according to the problems faced. This research aims to understand the characteristics of each student.
With the results of student research, the nature of students at SDN Pondok Bahar 5, especially grade 3, has a passive attitude, and some students have an active attitude and steal attention. There are students
who are cool to joke with their friends. With the information above, so the development of a rotating spark on the fractional material. With this media, students can realize the ability of students to distinguish between fractions, numerators and denominators briefly. So that students do not feel bored and can be understood because the material is short. In analyzing the concepts, what is done at this stage is to identify, parse and arrange in a structured manner what students will learn in fractional mathematics material. Based on the information in the field , students will be more active if it is explained using media so that students solve problems briefly and understandably. With the task analysis stage, researchers have compiled the content of the material through teaching with core competencies (KI) and basic competencies (KD) which are applied at SDN Pondok Bahar 5.
Design Phase (Planning) With this stage, the researcher will create a product outline in word first. Then choose the size, shape, pattern that aims to design content and form learning media that aligns with the 2013 curriculum learning materials used. With the media development format chosen, it covers all the objectives of learning mathematics, especially on fractional numbers which will be applied by the media through questions that have been conceptualized. With this design stage, the product will be realized in the form of an initial picture of the media that will be developed at the development stage. From the results of the design of learning media at this stage, it is a learning media based about students who are easier to understand by using teaching aids with short answers.
This development stage creates a final form of learning media after making revisions based on data from several experts and trials. The next stage of this stage is the work of rotating media media using 2 square plywood materials then 1 plywood is perforated and coated with another plywood which is made as creatively as possible with a large size so that students can understand and demonstrate it directly in front of the class. In this rotating circle, there are 2 colors, namely yellow and blue which can be rotated clockwise for 1 round, so that students can distinguish the numerator and denominator in grade III SD.
When finished preparing the plywood then the plywood is colored using wood paint and thinner. When the plywood is colored, then prepare duplex and cardboard as much as 2 blue and yellow colors. The duplex is coated with cardboard to make it strong and durable in use. Then cut to adjust the circle on the plywood that has been perforated. The next step is to prepare mica digits (rigid) in the form of a circle according to the questions used. When the mica has become a circle, it is then lined with a marker and given a small hole in the center of the circle. For example, fractions 4, 8 and so on. Adjusting the questions that will be made because the media requires concepts.
The characteristics of this learning media are seen in several aspects, from the physical aspect of the media as much as 93.22% with very valid criteria, seen from the aspect of the form of the media as much as 90% with very valid criteria, from the color aspect as much as 80% with valid criteria, then viewed from the aspect of location is 100% very criteria), then lastly seen from the aspect of supporting media components as much as 100% very valid criteria. There is input by media experts, namely the existence of identity and the circle must be tougher. After making validation by media experts before being applied to class III students, this learning media will be tested for validity by material experts to determine the feasibility of adjusting to core competencies (K1), Basic Competencies (KD.) and Indicators.
The characteristics of some aspects of the assessment above, namely the material/content aspect as much as 80% with valid criteria, and language & writing aspects as much as 80% with valid criteria. With an assessment by the results of the validation of the material experts, the development of a rotating machine is valid with an average percentage of 80% with valid criteria and can be used for learning activities.
The dissemination stage (dessiminate) and the final stage of the Four-D. model (4-D). The rotating media media that is completed at the end is the development stage. Furthermore, the trial process can be carried out to 30 students of class III at SDN Pondok Bahar 5. With the results obtained by the trial of class III students stating that the quality of the media aspect is 97.6% in the very valid category, the material is 97% in the very valid category, the learning process is 99.66% with very valid criteria.
In accordance with (Kulsum and Husnul, 2021) that the media aims to standardize learning activities with significant media media so that the objectives of the learning media are achieved following what has been planned. and this type of media adapts to the characteristics of students and motivates those
who grow in development which becomes a reference because the learning objectives have been achieved. Media jentera has advantages, namely 1) Can be used efficiently. 2). Very useful for students as a backup of the original objects and easy to use in distinguishing addition and subtraction fractions.
3) Can participate in fractions in the form of conclusions. 4) Can be made with cardboard of two different colors coated with duplex, plywood, flannel and decorations that attract students. 5) In the form of a circle that can be rotated, so that students easily understand the design of fractions and can distinguish fractions because they are real. While the media jentera has advantages, there are disadvantages in this medium, namely: a) it can only calculate addition and subtraction. b) Can only rotate 1 circle. c) More effective with small fractions. d) If the number of fractions is large, the more mica is used. And also the manufacture in making with the manufacture of this media requires a fairly large cost. That way this media can be used for a long time.
This rotating media media has a good effectiveness category. The spinning wheel proves that the material it has is very strong or sturdy such as plywood, duplex, bolts and then attached using nails, iron glue so that the strength of this media is categorized as durable for a long time. And also this rotating machine has fractional problems using animated characters that have been laminated and coated with magnetic paper so that it is not easily damaged and water-resistant and students just stick the questions with a magnetic board covered with flannel, so it's not difficult to have to stick with pins. The size of this window is large enough so that students can pay attention in their respective seats. While other studies only use boards, cardboard, the decorations are less attractive and the size is so small that students sitting behind cannot pay attention, because of their small size. on the question part , it only uses a piece of cardboard written with a marker. If the question is exposed to water, it will cause the question to be damaged and fade.
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
Research on the development of rotating media of fractional material for third grade students uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with this 4-stage Four-D model. Define, Design, Develop, Desiminate . This rotating wheel media was tested with third grade students at SDN Pondok Bahar 5.
The final result of the rotating wheel media was developed through concrete media. So that students can demonstrate directly so that students are easy to understand. The results of the research on the student's questionnaire response test are in the valid category. Furthermore, the validation of the experts in the media field was declared to be very valid, and finally the validation of the experts in the field of study was declared valid. With that, the criteria that have been collected are that the development of rotating media on fractional material is very valid and can be applied in learning. Suggestions for other research are to be able to improve the rotating media media which is better, more efficient and more focused so that the rotating media media is more attractive.
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