Description of Coutieralpheus setirostris, new genus, 1

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CRUSTACEANRESEARCH. NO.34:4n--52.2005

Description of Coutieralpheus setirostris, new genus, new species, an infaunal alpheid shrimp (Crustacea:

Decapoda) from Florida, U.S.A.

Arthur Anker* and Darryl L. Felder* *

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Abstract.- Coutieralpheus, new genus, is established for C. setirostris, new species, on the basis of two specimens, a complete male and an incom- plete female, collected from burrows on the tidal flats bordering Fort Pierce Inlet on the Atlantic coast of Florida, U.S.A. The new genus belongs to a large group of alpheid genera characterized by the presence of a posteroventral articulated plate on the sixth abdominal pleuron. The holotype male bears robust, subsymmetrical and equal-sized cheIipeds. The mesial side of the cheliped carpus bears several rows of short setae, which are present in only three other, non-related alpheid genera. The two thickened terminal setae on the rostrum are also diagnostic.

Coutieralpheus appears to combine primitive and highly evolved features and is presumably related to the mono- typic genus De io ne u s Dworschak, Anker & Abed-Navandi from the Eastern Atlantic. However, in some characters the new genus also resem- bles the genera Sod.m oneu.s Holthuis, Atpheopeis Coutfere and Parabetaeu...

Go u t.Ie r e. The host of C. setirostris remains unknown, although both the holotype and paratype were collected from substrates richly burrowed by thalassinidean shrimp, stomatopods, and large polychaetes.

Introduct ion

Infaunal alpheid sh r im ps ha ve be en

object s of numerou s taxonomic and ecolog i- calstud ies that reveal theirsurprisinglyhigh morphological and phylogen etic diversity.

Twelv e alpheid genera tLeptalbh eus Williams, 1965 (s. I.), FenneralpheusFeld er

& Manning , 1986, Amphibetaeus Coutiere,

1896,Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955, Deioneus Dwor schak , Anker & Abed-Navandi , 2000, Orygmalph eu s De Grave & Anker, 2000, Betaeus Dan a , 185 2,Athanas Leach , 1814, Athanopsis Couti ere , 1897 . Stenalpheops Miya, 1997 (=Chelomalph eus Kim, 1998, =

CauipeltaHayashi, 1998),Automatede Man, 1888 and AlpheusFabricius, 1798) include about 20 species reported asobliga te or fac- ultative assoc iate s of burrowin g animal s suc h as thala ssinid ean mudshrimps , larg er burrowing alpheid s ,crabs. sto mato po ds, ec h iu ra ns, aco rn worms, mud gobles and mudskippers (e.g. , Coutiere , 1899: Sch mitt , 1926; Hart , 1964; 'Williams, 1965; Daw son , 1967;Salornan,1971: Chace & Abbott , 1980;

Miya, 1980, 1984; Felder & Manning , 1986;

Berggren , 1991: Branch et al.,1994;Feld er etal.,1995,20m; De Grave & Wilkins, 1997;

Feld er & Manning, 1997; Frog lia &

Atkins on , 19 98; Hayashi, 19 98 , 2002 ; Dwor schak & Coelho , 1999; Dworsch ak et al., 2000; De Grave &Anker, 2000; Nomura , 2000: Anker et al., 2001; Anker , 2003a;

Sillima n et al. ,2003; Itani, pers. co rn m.:

Anke r,pe rs, obs.).

Sha llo w marine water s of sou t he rn Florid a harbor a rich assemblag e ofinfaunal alpheid s.wit h thre e de scr ib ed spe cies , Leptalpheus forceps William s , 196 5 , Feiineralph eus chace i Feld er & Ma n n ing , 198 6 an d Sa l mo ne us cauico lu s Feld er &

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NEWALPHEID GENUSFROi\·1FLORIDA 41

Manning , 1986 (Sal om an , 1971, Felde r &

Manning , 1986; Feld er et al.,2003) and at lea st five mor e kno wn but as yet unde- scribe d species, three putatively assignable or very closely relat ed to Lepialpheus and two assig nable to Salmoneus aft cauicolus (Fel de r& Manning, 1997;Felderet al., 2003;

Feld e r , pers. obs.; Anke r, pers . obs.) . In addition to the aforem enti on ed undescrib ed for ms is als o a very peculia r unde scrib ed alp heid collec te d from burro ws of an unknown host on intertidal sand flat s bor - dering FortPierce Inlet on theAtlanti ccoast ofFlorid a. Becau se of the unique combina- tion of morphologi c al feature s th is new spec ies cou ld no t be as si gn ed to any pre s en tl y kno wn genus of the fam ily Alp he idae. Th is species is here with de scrib ed and placedina new genus.

Mate rialsandMetho ds

Specime ns were collected by sieving sediments extracte d with a bait suct ion pump, also termed a "yabby pump" (see Manning, 1975), that was applied to burrow ope nings on an tida l mudfl a t of the Indian River Lagoon near the For t Pierce Inlet, St. Lucie County, Flo rida. Specimens were init ially fixed in 10%buffered formali n solut ion and subseq ue nt ly pre s erve d in 70%eth anol.

Drawings were made with the aid of a cam- eralucida, and mostwe re based on moulted exuviaoftheholotype spec ime n (thus avoid- ing thedissection of the appe ndagesand the re sulting unavoidable dama ge of the unique complete specime n). An alcoho l based solu- tion of Ch lorazo le Black E sta in (Sig ma Chemica lCompany®was used to enhance visibility of fine sutures and artic ulations in the integumen t pr io r to illu s tr at io n . Carapace leng th (Cl.) and the total leng th (TL) were measured in± O.l mm with a cali- brated ocula r microm et er. Measure me nts wer e made along the dorsome dial linefrom the rostral tip to theposte rior margin of the car apace (CL), or to the poste rior margin of the telso n (TL). The type specimens were deposite d in the collec tions of the Natio nal

Muse um of Natural Histo ry , Smithsonian Inst itut ion , Wash ington D.C., U.S .A. (USNM).

Taxo nomy

Alphe idaeRafinesque, 1815 Co u rier a lp h.e ue,new genus Diagnosis.-Carapace glabrous, with very fine ly ma r ked anterolat eral suture;

bran chi ostegial margi n of carapace without prono unced ventra l lip; frontal regi on with rost rum bea ring 2 th ickened setae, orbita l teeth absent; pterygost om ial ang leproduced ante r iorly, round ed ; eyes comp le te lycon- cealed in dorsal view, partlyvisible inlateral and fronta lview,eyestalk witho utanterome- sial process or tube rcle ; antennular peduncle robust, first segment with ventromesial tooth; sty locerit e short, robust, not appressed; second segment not elong ate d ; outer an ten nular flagellum biramo us; mand ible ty pic a l for family, with inc is o r process be arin g tr ia ng ula r dist al te e th , molar proce ss bearin g arow oflam ellaeand setae, and with short 2-segmented palp; first maxillipedwith caridea nlobe expanded; second maxillip e d with epipod elongate; third maxillipe d pediform, lateral plate conspic u- ously elongate, subacute , terminal segment with rows of long, distally thickened setae, tip armed with 1 small subdistal spine; first pere iopods (chelipeds) enlarged ,eq ual in size and sha pe, rob ust, carried extended;

major che liped with ischium bearing 1spine on ventrolat er almargin;me rus robu st , ventrally not depressed or excavated; carpus short, robu st, cup -s haped, mesia lly with ro ws ofsetae;chela subcylindrical; palm smooth, linea impressa abs ent; cutting edgesof fingersarmed with irregularteeth , snapping mechanism absent;adhesiv ediscs absent;second pereiopodwith 5-segmented carp us; third pereiopod ischi um and merus arme dwith spines onventra l marg in, carpus unarm ed;propodu s arme d with smallspines on ventral margin. dac ty lu s simp le; fifth pereiopo d with is ch iu m and mer u s unarmed, propodus with well developed

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42 A. ANKER& D.L.FELDER

brush of setae; sixth abdominal segment with articulated plate at posterolateral angle;

second male pleopod with appendix interna and appendix masculina; uropod with exopod bearing lateral spine and diaeresis, lat- ter without particular modifications; telson with 2 pairs of dorsal spines and 2 pairs of posterolateral spines, posterior margin rounded, anal tubercles absent; gill formula typical for family: 5 pleurobranchs (Pl-5), 1 arthrobranch (Mxp3), 0 podobranch, 2 lobedepipods (Mxpl-2), 5 strap-like epipods

= mastigobranchs (Mxp3, Pl-4), 5 sets of setobranchs (Pl-5),3exopods (Mxpl-3).

Type species.-·Coutieralpheus setirostris, new species.

Gender.-Masculine.

Etymology.-This new genusis dedicated to Professor Henri Coutiere (1869-1952), an eminent French carcinologist, for numerous contributions to the knowledge of alpheid shrimps that included a major monograph of the family Alpheidae (Co utiere, 1899).

Coutiere was the first author to report the association of an alpheid shrimp with cal- lianassid ghost shrimp and other burrowing animals in Djibouti.

Relationships.-See remarks under Coutieralpheussetirostris, new species.

Coutieralpheue s etirosrris ,new species (Figs. 1-6)

Material examined.-Holotype: South margin of Fort Pierce Inlet channel, beside U.S. Highway AlA South Causeway, sparely vegetated intertidal sand flat, Indian River Lagoon, St. Lucie County, Florida, 27"

27.7'N,80" 18.7'W, 11 August 1986, collected by R.B. Manning, D.L. Felder and W. Lee, 1 male, CL 8.6 0101, TL 21.8 0101, USNM 1072201. Paratype: Same location, date, anel collectors, 1 female, CL 4.00101, TL 9.10101, USNM 1072202.

Description.-Body relatively stout, slightly elongated (Fig. 1), not particularly com- pressed laterally, carapace and abdomen glabrous. Carapace with distinct suture proximal to base of antenna (Figs. 1, 2a).

Rostrum triangular, broad at base, longer than wide, rostral carina very slight, termi- nus bearing 2 thick anteriorly directed setae (Fig. 2a). Orbital teeth absent (Fig. 2a, b). Pterygostomial angle protruding anteriorly, rounded (Fig. 2b). Branchiostegial margin with scant setae (Fig. 2g). Cardiac notch well developed (Fig. 2g). Eyes completely covered by carapace, not visible in dorsal view, exposed in lateraland anterior view, without anteromesial process or tubercle, cornea well developed (Fig.2a, b). Ocellar beak not conspicuous. Epistornial sclerite with low, subacute process, without pro- nounced acute tooth.

Antennular peduncle stout (Fig. 2a, d), second article not much longer than first or third; stylocerite almost reaching distal margin of first article, distally acute or subacute (Fig. 2a); ventromesial carina with blade-like tooth as illustrated (Fig. 2d); lateral flagellum biramous, with shorter ramus well developed, situated at 4th segment (Fig. 2d).

Antenna with basicerite bearing strong ventrolateral tooth (Fig. 2b); scaphocerite broadly oval, anterior margin of blade con- vex, slightly protruding beyond distolateral spine (Fig. 2a, e, f); carpocerite robust, not reaching distal margin of scaphocerite (Fig.

2b, e).

Mouthparts not especially modified, typical for family. Mandible with incisor process bearing 6 teeth, third dorsal largest (Fig.

3a). Maxillule with palp bilobed, dorsal lobe with a few slender setae, ventral lobe with 1 robust seta (Fig. 3b). Maxilla with scaphog- nathite expanded (Fig. 3c), palp (endopod) small, not segmented. First maxilliped with caridean lobe on exopod expanded (Fig. 3d);

palp (endopod) segmented.Second maxi1- liped with epipod elongated; propodus with fine transverse suture on mesial side (Fig.

3e). Third maxilliped relatively slender (Fig.

3g); lateral plate elongated, distally subacute

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NEWALPHEIDGENUSFROiVIFLOR I[)!\

ischiu m una rmed; merus le s s than twice len gth of isch iu m and 1.3 times leng th of car pus, unarmed or armed with 1spine on ventrola teral margin (Fig . 5f, h) ; carpus unarmed; propod us about 1.8 len gth of carpus. ventrally with few small spines and at leas t 8rows ofsetae (Fig.5g) ;dactylusonly 0.3times len gth ofpropodus , otherwise similar to thatof third andfourt hpereiopod.

Abdo m inalsegments I-V with post erolat- era l angle s of pleu ra rounded to weak ly angul ar (Figs. 1.2k); seg me nt V1 posteriorly with acute midlateral projecti on abo ve ar tic- ulated post erolat eral plate (Fig.2k); prean al plate posteriorly rounded (Fig.21).Male first pleop od with endopod less than half length of exo po cl (Fig. 2h). Male second pleop ocl with both appendix masculina and appen dix interna; appe ndix masculina slender,twi ce leng th ofappen d ix intern a , rea ch ing 3/4 len gth ofendopc d, distally bearing slender spines (Fig . 2i. j). Fema le se con d pleopod withappendix internaonly.Telson relatively slen cler, sligh tly tapering, proximal width abo u t 3 time s median length; dorsal surface with 2 pairs ofspine s position ed well dors al to lateral mar gin,anterio r pair jus t posteri or to mid-len gth and posterio r pair in distal 1/4 of tel son len gth(Fig . 20); posterior margin rounded ,with2pairs ofrobust posterolater- alspine s , lateral sho rte r tha n me sial (Fig.

20);anal tubercl esabsent. Uropods distinct- ly exceed ing telson (Fig. 1):lateral lobe of sym podite dista lly formin g single acu te tooth (Fig. 2m) ;endopod su be q ua l to exopod in length (Fig. 2m);exopod with diaeresis for m ing relativ el y st r a ig h t sut u re between mesialmar gin and triang ularlateral tooth (Fig.2n) ;late ral spine sto ut,short (Fig.

2n). Gillform ulaasgive n for genus.

Size .- Fo r the two known specimen s. CL ran ge s from 4.0 mm in what is likely an immat ure female paratype to 8.6 mm in the apparently mat ure male holotype specime n;

TLin th ese specimen s rang es from 9.1 mm to21.8mm , respectively.

Colou r. - Ove ra ll whit ish tran slu cent, with faint patterning of re ddish pink to pale

roseorang e color (Fig.6).Colourmost obvi-

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(Fig.3h,j);ante pe nu ltimate segme nt somewhat flattened, su btr iangu lar in cross-sec- tion ;terminal seg me nt with tipsubacu te and ar med with 1 su b d ista l spine (F ig . 3i) ; arth ro branc h well developed (Fig. 3j) .

First pereiopod s (chelipeds) equal insize an d sim ila r (su bsy m metrica l) in sha pe, robust and carried extended (Fig. 1);ischium short, robust ,ventrolateral margin with 1spine (Fig. 4a) ;merussho rt, stout, sligh tly widening distally, ma rg ins unarmed (Fig. 4a); car pus sto ut,cup-sha ped, with 2 blunt proces sesdistally (Fig.4a.c) ,with 3rowsof setae mesi ally (Fig.4c, d);chela subcylindrical,smooth , palm about twice length of fingers ; palm with sha llo w ventroproximal depre ssion (Fig.3a, c); linea impressa and adhesi ve discs absent; fingers not ga p ing when closed (Fig.4b). tips strongly curve d distally. crossing (Fig.4b); cutting edge s of pollex an d dact ylu s ar med with irregular teeth and bearing numerous setae,as illustrated (Fig . 4e, f); dactylus ar me d on on ly proximal 3/5 len gth of cutting edg e, pollex armedoncutting edge exce ptfor most distal part:armature on left che liped differinglittle fro m that on right cheliped (d. Fig. 4e and I); cutting edges of fingers with numerou s.

conspicuo us, regularl y spaced setae alo ng almostentire len gth (Fig.41).

Second pereiop od slender; ischiummor e than 1/2len gth of me ru s ; carp uswith 5seg- ments having ratio of3 :1:1:1.2: 1.5 (Fig . Sa) ; chel a sim ple , fingers dis tinc tly longer than palm (Fig. Sa). Th ird pereiopod relatively slender; ischium bearin g 2 spines on ventrolat eralmargin (Fig. 5b); merus abou t twice length of ischium and 1.8timeslength ofcarpus. armed with 1spine on ventrolateral ma rg in; ca rpus unarm ed , with sm all dis- tovent ral seta; propodus 1.5 times longer than carpus,ventra llywith4-5sma llspines+ 1distoven tr al sp ine proxim al to dacty lus (Fig . 5b, c); dactylus sim ple ,conica l, slender, curved ,abo u t 0.4 length of prop odu s (Fig. 5b, c). Fourth pereiop od sim ila r to third; merus armedwith 1or 2 spines (Fig. 5c1.e). Fifth pereiopod slight ly more slende r tha n th ird and fourth pereiopods (Fig . Sf);

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ous on abdominal somites 2-5 in posterior half of each tergite, creating faintly banded appearance on abdomen. Similar colour weakly in evidence on antennular peduncles where closely set spots produce a weakly banded appearance proximally but are more diffuse distally.

Habitat.-Specimens are known from only the type locality, which is a sandy intertidal flat immediately north of the Highway AlA South Causeway between the town of Fort Pierce and Fort Pierce Beach on the Atlantic shoreline. The habitat borders the southern margin of the Fort Pierce Inlet channel and is separated from the north shoreline of the causeway by a shallow (1 m deep) channel. Upper reaches of the nat are exposed at low tide and bear a sparse cover of short sea gr a ss, though this cover becomes denser and longer where the flat slopes to greater depths. Sediments and burrow waters were extracted from a variety of burrow openings in the course of sampling at this site, but no identifiable host was noted to have been found in the specific sample or samples from which these alpheid specimens were collected.While samples were taken during low tide, it also is uncer- tain as to whether the extracted sediments were taken on the crest of the flat or along the flooded margins, which were typically sampled to water depths of about 0.3 m.

Although the host of Coutieralpheus setirostrisremains unknown, the flat is richly burrowed by thalassinidean shrimp, stomatopods, large polychaetes, nemerteans, bivalves and sipunculans. The single male and single small female of this new genus and species were collected on the same date from same site, and may well have occurred together in the same sample taken from the same host burrow. Only years later. after sorting and separate archival.was it recog- nized that they represented the same unde- scribed form. It is remarkable that, despite over twenty years of recurrent, concerted collecting there by one of us (DLF) and the late Raymond B. Manning, no additional specimens have been found.

Distribution.-Presently known from only intertidalsubstrates of the type locality near Fort Pierce Inlet on the Atlantic coast of Florida, U.S.A.

Etymology.-Specific name derived from the presence of two very characteristic, thickened terminal setae on the rostrum.

Remarks.-The paratype female, which is much smaller than the male holotype,was somewhat damaged during collection and lacks its first pereiopods.While it appears to rather closely match the holotype male in those characters that can be examined,noth- ing is known of possible sexual dimorphism in the chelipeds. The fine anterolateral suture of the carapace is extremely difficult to see in this specimen,but is alsodifficult to visualize in the holotype male without stain- ing (though it is readily evident in the exuvia of this specimen).

The phylogenetic relationships of Coutieralpheus setirostris and the genus Coutieralpheus are not clear. Several features considered to be plesiomorphic within the family Alpheidae (Anker, pel's.obs.).

such as symmetrical chelipeds,a complete set of epipods on coxae of pereiopods, and the presence of a row of setae on the mesial side of the cheliped carpus,suggest that Coutieralpheus is a relatively basal alpheid genus. The new genus appears to be most closely related to the mono typic ge n us Deioneus.The type species of Deioneus, D. sandizelli Dworschak, Anker & Abed- Navandi, 2000, is known from only two females collected from burrows of the cal- lianassid mudshrimps Corallianassa intesi (de Saint-Laurent & Le Loeuff, 1979) and Neocallichirus pachydactylus (A. Milne- Edwards, 1870) in the Cape Verde Islands (Dworschak et al., 2000;Abed-Navandi, 2000).Both genera are characterized by the following features: (1) sixth abdominal pleuron with an articulated plate; (2) broadly triangular rostrum;(3) carapace with anterolateral suture; (4) well developed arthrobranch and elongated lateral plate on the coxa of the third maxilliped; (5) complete set of strap- like epipods (mastigobranchs): (6) chelipeds

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NEW ALPHEID GENUSFROM FLORIDA 4!i

Fig.1.Coutieraipheussetirostris,n. gen.. n.sp.. holotypemale(USNM1072201):habitus.Scale:I mrn,

subequal or equal insize; and (7)expande d caridean lobe and elonga ted epipod on the first and second maxillipeds, respectively.

Howev er, Coutieralbheus differ s from Deioneusin manyre spects,including the fol- lowin g: (1) ischium and merus of the third and fourthpereiopod sarmedwithspine s (as com pared to unarmed in D. sandizellii; (2) frontal mar gin lackin g orbitalteeth (vs.with small ex tra-corneal teeth in D. sandizelli) ;

(3) chelipeds much more sto ut and carried ex te nde d (vs.more slender and carried fold- ed in D. sandizellii ;(5) merus of the che - lipeds ventrally not particularly depressed

(vs ,ventrally excavated in D.sandizellii; (6) chela e of the che lipe ds symmetrical on the two sidesof the body, differing insignificant- ly in teeth armature (vs.very asymmetrical and differently armed in D. sandizelli); (7) carpus of the chelip ed mesiallybearingrows of setae (absent in D.sandizellii;(8) posteri- or mar gin of the telso n broadly rounded (vs.

small and truncate inD.sandizelli);(9) stylocerite shor t, barely reaching to the dist al margin of the first article of the antennular peduncle (vs. longer, reaching tothe middle of the second article in D. sandizelli): (10) rostrum bearin g two thickened set ae (absent inD.sandizelli) and (11) ischium of the cheli ped bearin g sm a ll ventrol ateral spine (absentinD.sandizellii,

Dei oneus is pos sibl y als o allied to SalmoneusHolthui s,1955,at leastto asma ll gro u p ofspecie s with an enlarged minor cheliped (Dwors cha ket al.,2000).However,

Coutieralpheus can be separat ed fro m all species of Salmoneus by man y feature s.

Among these , its sixth abdom ina lsegment bears an art ic ulate d posterolatera l plate (lacking in Salmoneusiand the merusonits third and fourt h pereiopo ds is typi c all y armed with one or two spines (u narmed in Salmoneusi. It is als o sepa ra ted from Salmoneusby several of the same above-list- ed feature s that sepa rate it fro m Deioneus (2) , (3), (6), (7), (8,truncate or with median incision in Sal m oneus ), (9) and (10). Furtherm ore. the sec o nd pleopod of the female paratype does not have an append ix ma s culin a, wherea s specimens of Salmoneus, including ovigerou s fem ales, always have a well-develop ed appendix mas- cu li na (Carv ac ho, 1989; An ker, 20 0 3b;

Anker, pers. obs.).The differences betw een Deioneusand Leptalpheuswere discu ssed in det ailby Dworsc ha ket al. (2000).

The new genus also shows some affini- ties to the generaAlpheopsisCoutiere, 1896 and ParabetaeusCoutiere, 1896. Alpheopsis, as presently defined (e.g.,Banner& Banner, 1973; Chace, 1988).is morphologically very heter ogen ou s an d po s sibl y no t a 1110n o-

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Fig. 2.Couiieralphcussetirostris,n.gen. ,n.sp., holotypemale (USNM 1(72201):a,frontal region, dorsal view ;b,same, lateralview ;c.rostrum, dorsal view;d,ante nnule, lateral view; e,ante nna,ventral view ;f.same, scaphocerite.dorsal view;g,posteriormar gin ofcara pace;h,firstpleopod :i,seco nd pleopod; j,same, detail ofappe ndix mas culina and appendix interna:k, sixth abdominalseg ment.late ral view;I, same,preanal plate,ventralview ;m,uropod;n, sam e,dist alportion ofexopod: o,telson ,dorsal view.Scales:1 mm,

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Fig.3.Coutieralbheus setirostris,n.gen.. n.sp., holotype male (USNM 1072201): a.mandib le; b. maxillule:c. maxilla; d.first maxilliped:c, secondmaxilliped :f. same,distal portio nofendopod,mesial view; g, third maxilliped (arthrobranch notdrawn) ;h.same,basalportion (arthrobranchnotdrawn) ; i. same.

distalportion;

i.

same.detailofarthro branch. Scales:1mrn.

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Fig.4. Coutieralpheus setirostris, n. gen., n. sp., holotypemale (USNM1072201): a, leftcheliped ,lateral view;b, same,carpusand chela,mesial view; c,same , ischium, merusand carpus,mesial view ;d.detail of setalrows on carpus;e,same,fingers of chela;f,right cheliped,lingersofche la. Scales:1ml11.

phyletic genus (Anker, pel's. obs.).

Parabetaeus, as redefined by Nomura &

Anker (2000), appears to be closely relat ed to some species within Alpheopsis (s. lat.).

Coutieralpheus differs from both Alpheopsis (s. lat). and from Parabetaeusin thefollow- ing characteristics: (1) elongate lateral plate on thecoxa of the third maxilliped (notelon- gateinAlpheopsisand Parabetaeus); (2) carapace with a distinct anterolateral suture (absent inAlpheopsis and Parabetaeus); (3) rostrum bearingdistally two thickened setae

(absent inAlpheopsis and Parabetaeus); (4) carpus of thechelipeds bearingmesial rows of seta e (lacking in Alph eobsis and Parabetaeus); (5) short and stout stylocerite, barely reachin g the distal margin of the first article of the antennularpeduncle (vs. much longer, reaching at least to themiddleof the second article or to the third article in Alpheopsisand Parabetaeus); (6) expanded caridean lobe and elo ng ate epipod on the first and second maxillipeds, resp ectively (caridean lobe not ex pa nde d , epipod not

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Fig.5.Coutieralpbeussetiros tris. n.gen.,n.sp.,holotyp e male (USNM 1072201):a.rig ht secondpereio- pod;b. right thirdpere iopod: c. same. distal propodus and dacty lus;d, right fourth pereiopc d:e. left fourth pere iopod: f. rightfifth pereiopod: g.same.distalpropodusand dactylus :h.left fifth pereiopod, Scales:1 mm.

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Fig. 6.Coutieralph eussetirostris,11.gen., 11.sp.,post-moultholotypemaleprior to preservation(USNM 10722(1): a, lateral view;b. dorsalview(photographs by DLF).

elongate inAlpheopsisand Parabetaeus); ancl (7) ischium of the chelip ed bearing small ventrolateral spine (absentinAlpheopsisand Parabetaeus).Thenew genuscan be separated fromParabetaeusby at leastthreefurther features: (1) rounded posterior margin of thetelson (vs. with mediantriangular protru-

sian inParabetaeus); (2) frontal margin bearing broadly triangular rostrum and lacking orbital teeth (vs. without or with small blunt rostrum, and with more or less developed extra-corneal teeth in Parabetaeus); and (3) chelipe ds stout and carried exte nded (vs. more sle nde r and capable of t1exion due to

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NEW ALPHEID GENUSFROM FLORIDA 51

the ventral flattening or depression of the merus in Parabetaeus).The chelipeds of Coutieralpheussetirostris are superficially similarto the chelipeds of several species of Alph eopsis. However, all species of Alpheopsis with non-sculptured chelipeds have spines on the dorsal margin of the ischium of the chelipeds; these spines are lacking in Coutieralpheussetirostris. From the preceding morphological comparisons, it appears that Couiieralpheus is not closely related to any other alpheid genus, with the possible exception ofDeioneus.

Acknowledgements

We owe a tremendous debt to the late Raymond B. Manning of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, for his leadership in studies of the Indian River Lagoon infaunal decapods.

As in the present paper,the materials that he collect ed, independently and in collabora- tion with one of us (DLF), will continue to advance our understanding of decapod diversity in this region for many years to come. We are also grateful to Mary E.Rice and Valeri e Paul (formerand present station directors , respectively) for their continued support of research efforts by DLF based at the Smithsonian Marine Laboratory, Fort Pierce,both through small grants and provi- sion of accessto facilities.Additional support for this study was provided under US National Science Foundation grant no. DEB- 0315995 to DLF. We are also indebted toA.

Richard Palmer (Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton) for the financial support from his NSERC operatin g grant (A7245), enabling AA to travelto Lafayette inNove mbe r 2003.Thisis contribution number 611 from the Smithsonian Marine Station, Fort Pierce.

and contribution number 105 fr o m the University of Louisiana Laboratory for Crustacean Research.

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