Available online at HABITAT website: http://www.habitat.ub.ac.id
Determinants of Farmer's Participation in Implementation Community Empowerment: A Case Study of Thematic Village in Indonesia
Agus Subhan Prasetyo*, Annisa Firdauzi
Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Prof.
Soedarto Road, No.50275, Semarang, Indonesia
Received: 24 January 2023; Revised: 20 February 2023; Accepted: 20 June 2023
ABSTRACT
Farmer participation has been in the spotlight in agricultural socio-economy academia as a tool to induce sustainable agricultural development. Farmer participation should be present as a basic human need and human right. However, farmer participation is often hampered due to unequal power relations. This condition makes community empowerment programs often fail, and farmer participation becomes ineffective. The research aimed to analyze the influence of the determinants of farmer participation. The research location conducted was Wates Village, Semarang City, Central Java in July – September 2022.
This study uses quantitative methods with SEM-PLS analysis tools and descriptive quantitative. A purposive sampling method was used for Respondents, with total respondents of 125 farmers. Observations and Interviews were used in data collection using questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and scored using a Likert scale and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method. Two variables in this research showed no significant direct effects between individual characteristics and the intensity of program activities with farmer participation. In other conditions, there is a significant direct influence between the environment and socioeconomic with farmer participation. Environmental and socioeconomic aspects influence farmer participation in community empowerment programs. This condition can mean the farmer can express their aspirations and participate. The practical implications of the results of this research can be used to optimize empowerment programs that involve farmers to be independent and implement sustainable farming practices. Reducing the risk of failure that may occur, can also facilitate the performance of agricultural extension workers in delivering programs.
Keywords: empowerment; farmer; intensity; participation; structural equation modelling How to cite:
Prasetyo, A. S., & Firdauzi, A. (2023). Determinants of Farmer ’ s Participation in Implementation Community Empowerment : A Case Study of Thematic Village in Indonesia. HABITAT, 34(2), 178–
189. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.habitat.2023.034.2.16 1. Introduction
The challenge of increasing agricultural productivity and sustainability in underdeveloped nations must be addressed (Dutta et al., 2023). One solution is increasing farmers' roles to adopt innovation. Adoption is the constant attempt to use new methods or approaches (Olayide et al., 2021).
Extension is one of the many ways that can be utilized to approach farmers because extension serves as a source of knowledge for farmers and can help to encourage sustainable agriculture (Alotaibi et al., 2021). Furthermore, thegovernment can implement guarantee mechanisms to assist farmers in dealing with various uncertainties in the production process,
thereby reducing farmers' ambiguity aversion and risk aversion and increasing the adoption rate of new agricultural technologies (Wu et al., 2023).
Efforts to grow the local economy can be done by involving and empowering farming communities that have the potential to increase family income.
The Semarang City Government launched a thematic village implementation program through Semarang Mayor Regulation No. 22 of 2018. The aim is to show local identity, or the potential raised from each village, and highlight the results of community agreements, reduce poverty and unemployment, improve slum settlements, encourage regional economic turnover, and add tourist destinations.
The regional government maps and plans regional potential based on existing problems in terms of social, economic and regional infrastructure. The hope is that various
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*Corresponding Author.
E-mail: [email protected]
Available online at HABITAT website: http://www.habitat.ub.ac.id collaborations and creative ideas will arise from
various parties. When farmers have minimal interaction with stakeholders in the agricultural sector, innovation will be increasingly difficult to form because farmers are far from sources of knowledge and creativity (Hall & Clark, 2010).
Areas that meet the criteria carry out potential local mapping, including Wates Village. To be precise, this village is located in Central Java Province, Semarang City, Ngaliyan District.
Martuti et al. (2017) revealed that Wates Village and the Agriculture Service had implemented the
"Crystal Guava Cultivation Thematic Village"
program, so, unsurprisingly, most of the population earns a living as crystal guava commodity farmers.
The local community explained that through empowering crystal guava cultivation thematic villages, they had succeeded in increasing the understanding, processing, and management of entrepreneurship based on local potential. Farmers have been cultivating crystal guava for generations with the appropriate soil type. Increasingly relevant to the results of previous research by Ani et al. (2018) in their journal entitled "Participation and Women's Economic Empowerment: Clarifying Their Relationship In Community-Based Organizations". The results of his research show that through participation in empowerment programs, the community has succeeded in increasing the local economy and achieving prosperity in their lives. This is because the community receives guidance and training in optimizing local resources through their participation. Empowerment contributes to economic growth (Maligalig et al., 2019). In addition, the existence of training activities in empowerment activities can increase power and control in decision making at the household (Huis et al., 2019).
In terms of supporting the development of Wates Village, the Agriculture Service has provided assistance and empowerment to assist the development of the Wates Village Thematic Village. Community empowerment is often described as a process and a goal. In line with this, Cristina (2020) explains that the community empowerment program is a series of activities oriented toward providing empowerment and power to the community.
The implementation of the empowerment program is expected to encourage the community to explore and increase their potential to actualize
themselves optimally and independently.
According to Akhter (2021), true empowerment is developed to increase the capacity of the community to meet their needs. However, unfortunately, after being designated as a crystal guava thematic village, the community needed to sustainably develop the potential of crystal guava.
Various potential problems were analyzed from the Agriculture Service's empowerment activities to find the causes. Several causes, such as human resources in Wates Village, are classified as complex to accept innovation, challenging to develop, and lacking community participation.
Various potential problems were analyzed from the Agriculture Service's empowerment activities to find the causes. Several causes, such as human resources in Wates Village, are classified as complex to accept innovation, challenging to develop, and lacking community participation.
Participation is the readiness and participation of individuals or groups in an activity, both emotionally and mentally (Musabbikhin et al., 2020). Community participation is considered important in determining and demonstrating the extent to which a given program has succeeded in exploring and empowering the potential of natural and human resources. According to Niswaty et al.
(2020), it is now believed that a development approach through community participation can be a panacea for advancing a village compared to simply launching top-down assistance without a process of dialogue and public interaction.
The role of community empowerment and training can contribute to economic growth. Based on the problems and previous research description, the authors are interested in researching the determinants of community participation in implementing community empowerment at Wates Village, Semarang City, Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the influence of the determinants of participation.
Factors that affect farmer participation in empowerment programs are very important to study for program effectiveness. The practical implications of the results of this research can be used to optimize empowerment programs that involve farmers to be independent and implement sustainable farming practices. Reducing the risk of failure that may occur, can also facilitate the performance of agricultural extension workers in delivering programs.
Available online at HABITAT website: http://www.habitat.ub.ac.id 2. Theoretical Underpinning
Based on the definition of participation by Danano (2020) participation provides the opportunity for people to be involved in the information-sharing process and the ability to negotiate and make joint decisions. In participation, the opinions and initiatives of farmers are regarded as having importance equal to that of extension agents or researchers. For the community to participate, the extension worker and farmers must be informed so that it can play a role in the participation communication process.
Participation communication can be understood as disseminating information individually or by group of actors to a broader audience to change attitudes, opinions, and behavior (Turmudi, 2020).
The meaning and scope of community participation depend on social, political, cultural, technological and economic factors (Wondirad &
Ewnetu, 2019) and (Susanti et al., 2020). Cristina, (2020) underlined that community participation in community empowerment programs should engage locals resulting in the local economy, and can improve communities' living standards.
Community Empowerment is based on weak community ties, so it is necessary to strengthen community capacity.
Ensure community participation in community empowerment programs brings the required benefits to locals. Participation must be a cornerstone to a democratic and transparent system which redistributes power to society who are excluded from the political and economic process. Based on the description, community participation refers to the redistribution of power that enables the poor communities, currently excluded from the political and economic spheres, to be included in the future so that they can influence decisions and induce significant social and economic reforms which enable them to share benefits that accrue in their localities equitably (Niswaty et al., 2020) and (Dawuni et al., 2021).
Danano (2020) said that participation is influence by demographic, social, economic, and biophysical variables. Wondirad & Ewnetu,(
2019) explained that community participation could be seen from at least three schools of thought. According to the first school of thought, whenever possible, most people tend to underestimate community participation. In contrast, the second assumption recognizes community participation as a voluntary process in which people can become involved if they believe their participation will benefit them. On the other
hand, the third school of thought emphasizes that people have legal rights and are democratic to participate in decision-making that may affect their livelihoods and often want to participate.
Still, this right is revoked due to several constraints.
Prasetyo et al. (2020) in their research explained that participation is an activity of a person's participation mentally and emotionally in developing his initiative and creativity in achieving group goals and supporting the condition of the group. Member participation is a factor in the success of activities within farmer groups. Make it clear that participation is required to ensure sustainable development, where individuals and institutions must play a role for changes to occur in the development context. The level of member participation can be seen from providing information, participation for material incentives, implementation participation to ensure that farming activities run well, participation in expressing opinions as a solution to problems, and active participation.
In another study, Prasetyo et al., (2021) said that participation is the involvement of farmers in every program that aims to make farmers better in the future in running their farming business.
Participation in this study was seen from farmers' activities or direct involvement. Activities or direct involvement are divided into three indicators: planning, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation.
3. Research Methods
This research was conducted in Wates Village, Ngaliyan District, Semarang City, Central Java in July – September 2022. The location determination was carried out purposively considering that Wates Sub-district was one of the sub-districts formed by the Mayor of Semarang as the thematic village for the crystal guava commodity. Respondents in this study amounted to 125 of the total population of 227 farmers using the Yamane formula with a margin of error of 10%. using the Yamane formula with a margin of error of 10%. In addition, the number of respondents was added to increase the validity of the research data. Determining respondents using purposive sampling with consideration of farmers who are involved and active in community empowerment activities.
This study uses quantitative methods with SEM-PLS analysis tools and descriptive quantitative. This study used a questionnaire with
Available online at HABITAT website: http://www.habitat.ub.ac.id 5 answer scales using a Likert to measure the level
of importance or conformity with the available statements on individual characteristic variables, the intensity of program activities, environmental and socioeconomic, and participation. The weighting is as follows:
5 = Very high 4 = High 3 = Medium
2 = Low 1 = Very low
Data collection was done through interviews, observations and documentation. The data analysis used was descriptive and SEM PLS 7.0, which used three exogenous latent variables and one endogenous latent variable, with details shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Variable X and Y
Variable X Variable Y
Individual Characteristics (X1) 1. Age
2. Sex
The intensity of program activities (X2) 1. Number of activities in the
implementation program 2. The intensity of assistance Environment and socioeconomic (X3)
1. Facilities from related supporting institutions
2. Types of productive activities that generate income and financial independence
Participation (Y)
1. Involvement in program planning 2. Involvement in program implementation 3. Involvement in program evaluation
4. Result and Discussion
4.1. Implementation Process of Community Empowerment Program
Community empowerment in the Wates Village is carried out through several stages of activity as follows:
Figure 1. Flow chart of the implementation of the Community Empowerment Program in Wates Village, Semarang City
Based on figure 1, preparation for the empowerment program begins with conducting a preliminary survey to identify potential and
ongoing problems. The preparatory stage was carried out using the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) technique. PRA techniques are used to
Preparation
Goal Setting
Early Socialization Participatory Planning
Implementation of the Community Empowerment Program
Monitoring and Evaluation
Available online at HABITAT website: http://www.habitat.ub.ac.id gather participation and voice from the target to
obtain valid information so that programs that are right on target can be designed. The identification of potential and problems was attended by the Sumberaharjo Farmers Group, the Rejo Tani Farmers Group, the Rukun Makmur Women Farmers Group, agricultural extension workers from Ngaliyan District and parties from the Wates Village. PRA is discussed to be able to produce a program that can be a solution to develop potential and solve problems that occur.
Based on the results of the discussion activities, the Wates sub-district has the main potential, namely crystal guava, with a land area of 5 hectares. The land belongs to the Agriculture Office of the City of Semarang, which residents manage with a profit-sharing partnership system.
In addition, the Wates sub-district has the potential for other horticultural crops such as oranges, longans, bananas, durians and avocados. Not only the agricultural potential owned by the Wates sub- district but also human resources include the potential that it has. It can be seen from several farmer groups that are still active and exist in every implementation of the given program.
In addition to the potential output, Wates Village also has problems that must be resolved immediately, such as 1) farmers are still implementing conventional farming systems, which causes farmers to become dependent on chemical fertilizers and pesticides. 2) there is a problem with plant-disturbing organisms (OPT), namely fruit flies. Fruit fly attacks can cause a decrease in the number of harvests because many crystal guava fruits experience physical damage to rot. 3) the lack of optimal post-harvest management caused many crystal guavas to rot, so crystal guava fruits could not be sold optimally. 4) lack of knowledge about adding value or processing crystal guava into processed food.
Secondly, before setting goals, it is necessary to determine the problems to be solved.
Solving the problem must concern real needs that have been felt by the community and pay attention to the impact points that the community can feel.
From the results of this activity, It was agreed that program activities would be related to improving farming, processing and marketing.
After knowing the problem to be solved, then formulate goals. Goal setting must be realistic, seen from the capability of resources (cost, quantity and quality of personnel).
Thirdly, initial socialization in the community empowerment program aims to
disseminate program information. Initial socialization is done through group meetings. The initial socialization was carried out at the Suler Pavilion by inviting the community, especially crystal guava farmers, to understand correctly and correctly about the empowerment program that will be carried out.
Initial socialization activities in collaboration with stakeholders. The partnership with the hope that stakeholders can provide an understanding to farmer groups of the importance of community empowerment programs.
Stakeholders in community empowerment have a role in planning, mentoring, counselling, socialization and supervision activities which are expected to provide a deeper understanding to the community, especially farmers so that they become aware and understand the importance of welfare in improving the family economy.
The initial socialization of the community empowerment program in the Wates sub-district went well, as seen from the discussions between members of the farmer groups and resource persons who provided the socialization of the program. However, the socialization process did not completely make the present participants accept and understand the program to be implemented. So, it still needs to be approached in depth by participants who do not understand. This is done with the aim that all people, especially farmers, want and understand and participate actively in the community empowerment activities that will be carried out.
Fourthly, participatory planning is an initial step in formulating a community empowerment program. Participation does not only mean the presence of citizens in community empowerment program activities but also how the present people can voice their opinions and be involved in the decision-making process. In implementing community empowerment in the Wates sub- district, the community, especially farmers, have been able to voice their aspirations and be involved in decision-making. So that stakeholders and program implementers get a joint agreement in carrying out community empowerment programs in the future.
Then, the implementation of the community empowerment program in the Wates sub-district is carried out with assistance and training.
Assistance and training aim to help increase capacity and change behavior regarding knowledge, skills and attitudes of the community or farmers. Assistance and training in the
Available online at HABITAT website: http://www.habitat.ub.ac.id community empowerment program in the Wates
subdistrict, namely 1) assistance and training in organic crystal guava farming for farmer groups, and 2) Assistance and training in product processing from crystal guava, packaging and marketing for farmer women groups.
This assistance and training answer the problems of crystal guava farmers in Wates Village. As stated by Mr Saryani a crystal guava farmer, namely:
"farmers here still use chemical fertilizers and pesticides with the ecoenzym training provided, which can neutralize pollutants in the environment and optimize plant growth organically, besides that the ingredients for making it are pretty easy to get and cheap."
The mentoring and training that was carried out began with the delivery of material and continued with direct practice by farmers. Each activity is proven by a demonstration plot so that farmers can see, practice and observe what has been done. This activity is carried out in the hope that farmers can apply it independently and sustainably.
The assistance and training provided to women farmer groups are in the form of processing crystal guava yields into processed products, choosing packaging and labels to beautify products, calculating the cost of production and sales, and online marketing. The processing training provided was in the form of crystal guava processing in the form of products such as crystal guava pastry, crystal guava caramel and crystal guava syrup. This processed product is selected according to a mutual agreement with the farmer women's group because it can be stored for quite a long time.
Lastly, every community empowerment program requires monitoring and evaluation in every activity. Monitoring and evaluation aim to determine whether community empowerment activities are going well according to the objectives. In community empowerment in the Wates sub-district, monitoring and evaluation are carried out with a question and answer session to determine the obstacles in each assistance and training activity provided to farmer and farmer women's groups.
Based on the observations, it was found that in monitoring and evaluation activities, there were farmers who conveyed the obstacles they faced after carrying out and applying what was taught in mentoring and training in organic crystal guava farming. Farmers said that the pheromone trap that
had been used could catch fruit flies optimally.
However, water as a container for flies that have died will cause an unpleasant odor if not replaced immediately. Based on the farmer's statements, evaluation and discussion were carried out to get a joint agreement regarding the solution to the problem that occurred. The answer was to hold water changes once a week by members of the farmer group.
Meanwhile, there were relatively no obstacles in the mentoring and training activities for women farmer groups. The monitoring and evaluation results show that the farmer women's group has been able to apply what is taught and has started marketing the products produced by ordering and participating in bazaar activities.
The conditions that occurred in the Wates sub-district in implementing the community empowerment program were by Sulaiman &
Ahmadi, (2020) the opinion empowerment community has been designed and implemented., is a participatory process that involves all parties, such as the community, local government, academics, development practitioners and activists, to build more awareness, togetherness, and cooperation in solving problems, as well as manage potential sources power and achieve mutual prosperity. sources power and achieve mutual prosperity.
Phannan (2020) said community empowerment originates from various networks that support and push the community forward.
Social networks help empower the community to use the resources for the maximum benefits to create activities that result in the products, the output, the outcome, and the reduction of social inequalities. The results mentioned earlier should be extended to other communities for overall social empowerment, which would benefit farmers and their family.
On the other hand, Zainal et al. (2022) said that empowerment would make a significant contribution to people's lives. The gift includes various knowledge and skills and suitable methods to maximize all the potential in individuals and their environment. However, empowerment is increasing the ability or capacity to meet the needs of individuals and building a spirit of community independence so that it develops and has a solid motivation to participate in the empowerment process.
Available online at HABITAT website: http://www.habitat.ub.ac.id 4.2. Data Analysis using Structural Equation
Model (SEM)
Data analysis using SEM in this study has the same endogenous and exogenous constructs as follows:
4.2.1. Measurement model
Exogenous Construct: X1 = λ1X1+δ1
X2 = λ2X2+δ2
X3 = λ3X3+δ3
Endogenous Construct: Y1 = λ1Y1+ ε1
4.2.2. Structural equation (Y1) = γ1X1+γ2X2+γ3X3+δ1
4.2.3. Evaluation Model
According to Solimun et al. (2017), there are two criteria for assessing whether the outer model meets convergent validity, namely (1) the loading factor is more than equal to 0.3 and (2) the p-value is significant (<0.05). This shows that the measurements X1, X2, and X3 meet convergent validity.
Table 2. Convergent Validity
Variable Nilai Loading P-value
X1 1.00 <0.001
X2 1.00 <0.001
X3 1.00 <0.001
Y 1.00 <0.001
a. Convergent Validity
According to Solimun et al. (2017), discriminant validity is measured by comparing the loading and cross-loading factors. If the loading value of an indicator is more significant than its cross-loading, it has discriminant validity.
It can be seen in Table 4 that all variable loadings are more significant than the cross-loadings. Thus, all variables are declared to have discriminant validity.
Table 3. Convergent Validity
X1 X2 X3 Y
X1 (1.0) 0.582 0.577 0.488 X2 0.582 (1.0) 0.682 0.672 X3 0.577 0.682 (1.0) 0.843 Y 0.488 0.672 0.843 (1.0) b. Composite Reliability
The composite reliability value and Cronbach's alpha value are used to determine the reliability of the research instrument. Based on these outputs, it can be seen that the composite reliability > 0.70 and Cronbach's alpha > 0.60, so all instrument variables are reliable.
Table 4. Composite Reliability
X1 X2 X3 Y Composite
reliability
1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Cronbach's alpha 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 c. Goodness of fit
The model's suitability can be measured through the suitability of the parameters with the existing criteria (goodness of fit) in Table 5.
These results show the direct effect of X1, X2, and X3 on:
Figure 1. SEM Analysis
Y have respective path coefficients of -0.04, - 0.02, and 0.85. The direct effect of X3 on Y is significant with p <0.01.
The R-squared value for the participation variable (Y) is 0.70, which means that the influence of individual characteristic variables (X1), the intensity of program activities (X2), environmental and socioeconomic (X3) on participation (Y) is 70% and other variables outside this research model influence the remaining 30%.
Table 6. path coefficient values and p-value
Variable X Variable Y Path coefficient Information Individual Characteristics (X1) Participation -0.04 Not significant The intensity of program activities (X2) Participation -0.02 Not significant Environment and socioeconomic (X3) Participation 0.85 Significant
Available online at HABITAT website: http://www.habitat.ub.ac.id Based on the description in Illustration 1
and Table 6, only environmental and socioeconomic (X3) variables have a direct effect on participation (Y) with a path coefficient value
of 0.85. Meanwhile, individual characteristics (X1) and intensity of program activities (X2) have no direct effect on participation (Y), so that the path coefficient and p-value are not significant.
Table 7. The Goodness of Fit Criteria
Model fit and Quality Indices Analysis Results Fit Criteria Conclusion Average path coefficient (APC) P<0.001 p < 0.05 Acceptable
Average R-squared (ARS) P<0.001 p < 0.05 Acceptable
Average adjusted R-squared (AARS)
P<0.001 p < 0.05 Acceptable
Average block VIF (AVIF) 3.049 Acceptable if <= 5, ideally <= 3.3
Ideally Average full collinearity VIF
(AFVIF)
2.917 Acceptable if <= 5, ideally <= 3.3
Ideally
Tenenhaus GoF (GoF) 0.835 Small >= 0.1, medium
>= 0.25, large >= 0.36
Large
R-squared contribution ratio (RSCR)
0.949 Acceptable if >= 0.7, ideally = 1
Acceptable Statistical suppression ratio (SSR) 1.000 Acceptable if >= 0.7 Acceptable Nonlinear bivariate causality
direction ratio (NLBCDR)
1.000 Acceptable if >= 0.7 Acceptable
Based on table 5, obtained results testing the hypothesis as follows:
1) There is no significant direct effect between individual characteristics and community participation in empowerment activities, with a coefficient of -0.04, p-value > 0.05.
That means there are changes in individual characteristics that no will influence the participation Public in following coaching and empowerment village. In the study, this respondent comprises group farmers, youth farmer groups, and women farmers spread heterogeneously from facet age.
Participation Public in empowerment program activities does not depend on the characteristics public as age Alesane et al., (2019); Dawuni et al., (2021), is suitable for involvement in program planning, implementation, and evaluation. Wates Village Community (children, young and farmers ) can voice an opinion and engage in the process of taking related decisions _ with the determination of empowerment and development programs village tour- based guava crystal. In the implementation, the whole Public enthusiasm follows assistance and training farming guava crystal in a manner organic for group farming and processing product from guava crystal, packaging and marketing for group
woman farmers. Hillesland et al., (2022) on the other hand, empowerment activities are multidimensional and complex concepts that are challenging to measure, especially in the context of the agricultural sector and development. There is no standard empowerment metric that is applied consistently across the literature and there is a wide variety of indicators that measurement can be constructed (Brody et al., 2017).
2) There is no significant direct effect between the intensity of program activities and community participation from a gender perspective, with a coefficient score of - 0.02, p-value > 0.05. That is, a few or many existing program activities will not influence the participation public in following coaching and empowerment village. The implication is that there are several activities carried out by village extension workers repeatedly and many times with the same topic, for example the farmer participates in activities on the usage of organic fertilizer, as well as handling organism bully plants (OPT) like a fruit fly.
Extension farming in Wates Village has ever organized accompaniment in a manner intense several times with the same topic:
making Fertilizer organic Liquid (POC) to
Available online at HABITAT website: http://www.habitat.ub.ac.id answer the problem farmer.
Accompaniment is conducted many times with the goal of farmers becoming more understanding and can implement POC manufacture. However, the farmer feels fed up because the topic of his assistance is repeated several times and causing a lack of effective program assistance. According to Jafri et al., (2015), the intensity necessary for program implementation is an innovation element for building room participatory interaction. Hillesland et al., (2022) a high empowerment score is achieved for the active participation of women's groups because the program fits the needs of the group. The empowerment process is effectively carried out in groups at the individual, household, and community levels according to knowledge and resources needed (Kabeer, 1999) 3) There is a significant influence among
environmental and social economy with participation public in gender perspective with a scoring coefficient of 0.85, p-value
<0.05. View, with a coefficient score of - 0.02, p-value > 0.05. That is, environmental and social-economic aspects will influence the participation public in following coaching and empowerment village. As for environmental and social indicators economy, this is Support agencies and institutions related to and availability of adequate facilities. Through the economic aspect it shows that stakeholders must have productive activities in order to have income and financial autonomy to reduce dependence on other parties (Bahua, 2015).
Implementation of empowerment programs public must be relevant to need society. The role and participation of women in farmer groups or in agriculture has proven to be effective in maximizing benefits and having a good understanding of the dimensions of empowerment (Abdu et al., 2022).
Analyzing the program must be built from draft score relational emerges from the community because many more problems are easily understood from the source (Turmudi, 2020). Understanding the values held by society could help design more programs with the appropriate target. An aligned program could increase participation by reflecting the required values to maintain these future programs
(Chapman et al., 2019). The community is urged for involvement in planning, implementation, and program evaluation.
Semarang City Agriculture Service plays an active role in formulating problems public in dependency ingredients chemistry and trouble handling pest fruit fly from crystal guava. Providing appropriate programs and facilities to the public as technical organic farming, packaging and designing product and processing post-harvest guava crystals, make the public enthusiastic and owned room participatory interaction.
5. Conclusion
Farmers' participation is needed for empowerment programs' success, from planning and implementing to monitoring and evaluating programs Understanding the values held by the community can help design more targeted programs. Aligned programs can increase participation by reflecting the values necessary to sustain the programs in the future. Based on the results and discussion of research in Wates Village, community participation in empowerment programs to increase the potential of crystal guava commodity-based tourism villages is directly influenced by environmental and economic factors such as support from related agencies and institutions and the availability of adequate facilities. Meanwhile, aspects of community characteristics such as age and intensity of program implementation do not directly affect the Wates Village community's participation in the program. All levels of society can express their aspirations well. In addition, the preparation of the empowerment program involves the community directly so that it can answer problems and the programs compiled are right on target. For example, the implementation of the organic farming introduction program was carried out to reduce people's dependence on the use of chemicals; implementation of the Liquid Organic Fertilizer (POC) manufacturing program to help deal with fruit fly pests on crystal guava.
So, it should be necessary to adjust the village extension curriculum so that it is more targeted, does not repeat itself with the same topic, and provides an added value impact economically.
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